Chuong 7 - PP Thiet Ke

8/2/2019 Chuong 7 - PP Thiet Ke

1/13

PHNG PHAPTHIET KEMACH

Mon : IEN - KHNEN

Chng :7

I. PHNG PHAP IEU KHIEN THEO NHP

Trong ky thuat ieu khien theo nhp, th tn hieu se c thchien trong nhp o, khi nhp tiep theo c thc hien th nhp trc ophai c xoa va ong thi muon nhp tiep o c thc hien thphai co tn hieu thong bao cua nhp trc o

Nh vay khoi cua nhp ieu khien gom cac chc nang sau :

Chuan b cho nhp tiep theo Xoa cac lenh cua nhp trc o Thc hien lenh cua tn hieu ieu khien

Chuoi ieu khien theo nhp c trnh bay hnh sau :

e thc hien viec thiet ke mach theo phng phap ieu khientheo nhp, ta can tuan theo cac nguyen tac sau :

1. T s o hanh trnh bc a cho (hoac t yeu cau cong nghe, tathiet lap s o hanh trnh bc) ta ve c bang trnh t cac nhpnh sau:

Nhp thchien

1 2 3 4

Xy lanh A+

B+

B-

A-

Nhan tn hieu Start S2 S4 S3Nam chamien

Y1 Y3 Y4 Y2

2. Mac du ta s dung van ien t co duy tr, nhng moi nhp eu comot mach t duy tr. Sau khi nhan nut khi ong, lan lt nhp 1 choen cac nhp tiep theo. Se ong mach. Nhp cuoi cung tac ongcho qui trnh tr

3. ve v tr ban au. Nhp tiep theo c thc hien, th nhp trc ophai c xoa.

H.V.A.-3/2005 Trang 116

A1

A1

A2

A3 A4

X1

X2 X3 X4

Zn+1

Yn+1

Zn

Yn


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Mon : IEN - KHNEN

Chng :7V du 1

Cac chi tiet sau khi ong goi, can c di chuyen sang mot day

chuyen khac bang mot he thong ieu khien ien Kh nen nh sau :Nhan nut nhat Start xy lanh tac ong hai pha A i ra nang chi tietlen, en cuoi hanh trnh xy lanh tac ong hai pha B i ra ay chi tietsang day chuyen ke tiep, sau o xy lanh A quay tr ve, va tiep theoxy lanh B quay ve hoan tat mot chu trnh. Hay ve mach ieu khienien Kh nen.

1. Lap bang ieu khien, chon Van ien t loai ieu khien nay, ta chon Van ien t hai au co hai cuon

day, ngha la loai Van ien t duy tr. Ta lap bang ieu khien nh sau :

Nhp thc

hien

1 2 3 4

Xy lanh A+ B+ A- B-

Nhan tn hieu Start a1 b1 a0Nam chamien

Y1 Y3 Y2 Y4

2. Ve s o ieu khien Kh nen

3. Ve mach ieu khien ien

Bc 1Nhan nut nhan Start, cuon day K1 nhanh 1 co ien, tiepiem K1 nhanh 2 ong lai, duy tr cho cuon day K1, ong thi

H.V.A.-3/2005 Trang 117

a1

a0

A

B b1

Xy lanh B

Xy lanh A

A Ba1

a0

b1

Y1 Y2 Y3 Y4


3/13


4/13


5/13


Mon : IEN - KHNEN

Chng :7

Bai tap ng dung :

Bai tap 1

Mot chi tiet can khoan mot lo khoan,va c ieu khien bi he thong ieukhien sau:

Cac chi tiet c at trong mot gia, nhan mot nut nhan xy lanh tac ongkep 1.0 i ra ay chi tiet vao v tr gia congong thi cung kep chat chi tiet, sau o xylanh tac ong kep 2.0 c gan vi aukhoan i ra cham e thc hien cong viecchuyen ong chay dao; cuoi hanh trnh xylanh 2.0 t quay ve nhanh; sau o xy lanh 1.0quay ve e thao kep; va cuoi cung xy lanhtac ong n 3.0 se i ra ay chi tiet va

thc hien xong vao thung at ke ben va hoan tat mot chu trnh.Bai tap 2

H.V.A.-3/2005 Trang 120

xA


6/13


Mon : IEN - KHNEN

Chng :7Tam thep X c uon cac goc 900 bang he thong ieu khien

sau:Tam thep c a vao bang tay, sau khi nhan nut Start, xy lanh

tac ong n A kep tam thep, xi lanh B i ra uon chi tiet goc 900 valap tc quay tr ve, xy lanh C i ra uon tiep e hoan tat, cuoi cunglan lt xy lanh C va A quay tr ve, chi tiet c lay ra bang tay.

Bai tap 3Chi tiet can khoan 2 lo giong nhau, c ieu khien bi he

thong sau:Chi tiet c ng trong ga ; sau khi nhan nut Start xy lanh tac

ong kep 1.0 i ra ay chi tiet vao v tr gia cong, ong thi chi tietcung c kep chat, xy lanh 2.0 c gan vi au khoan i ra thc hien

chuyen ong chay dao, cuoi hanh trnh t quay ve; sau o xy lanh 3.0 ira e di chuyen chi tiet sang v tr th hai; luc nay xy lanh 2.0 lai i rae khoan lo th hai, cuoi hanh trnh xy lanh 2.0 quay ve lai v tr lo thnhat; cuoi cung xy lanh 1.0 i vao e thao kep hoan tat mot chutrnh.

Bai tap 4

Mot tam kim loai mong (tole) cdap bi mot he thong ieu khien bangien Kh nen nh sau : Chi tiet c a vao v

tr dap bang tay; e dap ngi ta nhanong thi hai nut nhan lam cho xy lanh A i radap tam kim loai theo bien dang nh san. Saukhi cuoi hanh trnh cua xy lanh A, xy lanh B i rae ay tam kim loai ra khoi v tr dap Hoan tat mot chu trnh.

Bai tap 5

Mot chi tiet can gia cong bi mot he thong ieu khien ien-Kh nen nh sau: Chng trnh 1 : Khoan

Chi tiet ch c khoan va kep bang tay. Sau khi nhan nut Start,chi tiet se c khoan (xy lanh A ) Chng trnh 2 : Khoan va Doa

Giong nh chng trnh 1, nhng chng trnh nay, chi tiet conc tiep tuc thc hien bcdoa lo, ca hai chong trnh chitiet eu c kep bang tay.

Sau khi nhan nut chon

chng trnh va nut Start, chi tietbat au khoan bi xy lanh A,cuoi hanh trnh, xy lanh B i ra

H.V.A.-3/2005 Trang 121

Xy lanh 2.0

Xy lanh1.0

Xy lanh 3.0


7/13


Mon : IEN - KHNEN

Chng :7ay chi tiet sang v tr doa, khi doa xong lo, xy lanh C i tr vao; ke tiepxy lanh B i vao e tr ve v tr cua au khoan; va cuoi cung chi tietc thao ra bang tay.

Nut nhan chon chng trnh can phai c nhan trc nut Startkhi chon chng trnh 2

II. PHNG PHAP IEU KHIEN THEO TANG

oi vi phng phap nay, nh a trnh bay phan I; tuy nhienv ay la ieu khien ien Kh nen nen co nhng khac nhau nhsau :

Trong ieu khien Kh nen th tn hieu vao la Kh nen; con ieukhien bang ien th tn hieu vao la tn hieu ien. e chuyen oi tang, trong ieu khien Kh nen ngi ta dung cacphan t Logic nh cac Van AND hoac Van OR; nhng ieu khien ienth cac lien ket AND hoac OR thng c ve bang cach mac cactiep iem noi tiep hoac song song. Trong ieu khien Kh nen, trong s o hanh trnh bc co n tang, thta se co (n-1) van ao tang ( ay chnh la Van ao chieu 4/2 hoac5/2 duy tr); con trong ieu khien cac relais th cac Van ao tang cthay the bang cac cuon day tng ng

S o ieu khien mach 2 tang

S o ieu khien mach 3 tang

H.V.A.-3/2005 Trang 122

Start

+2

4V

E1

E2

K1

K1

K1

T1 T2K1

0V

+24V

0V

K1

E3 E2

E1

T1

K1Start K1

K1

K2

K2K2 K2

T1T2 T3


8/13


9/13


Mon : IEN - KHNEN

Chng :7

V du 1:Cac chi tiet sau khi ong goi, can c di chuyen sang mot day

chuyen khac bang mot he thong ieu khien ien Kh nen nh sau :Nhan nut nhat Start xy lanh tac ong hai pha A i ra nang chi tiet

len, en cuoi hanh trnh xy lanh tac ong hai pha B i ra ay chi tietsang day chuyen ke tiep, sau o xy lanh A quay tr ve, va tiep theoxy lanh B quay ve hoan tat mot chu trnh. Hay ve mach ieu khien

ien Kh nen.

Bai giai :

Bc 1T yeu cau cong nghe, ta ve s o hanh trnh bcTa nhan thay, mach ieu khien bao gom co 2 xy lanh, trong o xy

lanh A va B la hai xy lanh tac ong hai pha.

Bc 2

Ta tien hanh chia tang, nh a trnh bay phanMach ieu khien c chia ra lam 2 tang gom :- Tang 1 : A+ B+

- Tang 2 : B- A-

Lu y hai cong tac chuyen tang :- E1 la a0- E2 la b1

H.V.A.-3/2005 Trang 124

a1

a0

A

B b1

Xy lanh B

Xy lanh A


10/13


Mon : IEN - KHNEN

Chng :7

Bc 3Ve s o mach Kh nen

Bc 4Ta tien hanh thiet ke mach 2 tang:

Bc 5 Ve mach ieu khienien

V du 2:Mot chi tiet can khoan mot lo khoan, va c ieu khien bi

he thong ieu khien sau:

Cac chi tiet c at trong mot gia , nhan mot nut nhan xylanh tac ong kep 1.0 i ra ay chi tiet vao v tr gia cong ong thicung kep chat chi tiet, sau o xy lanh tac ong kep 2.0 c gan vi

H.V.A.-3/2005 Trang 125

Y1

Ba0A a1 b0 b1

Y2 Y3 Y4

Star

t

+24V

E1

E2

K1 K1 K1

T1 T2

K1

0V

0V

K1

+24V

V

Start

b1

a0

Y1

Y3 Y2

a1

K1K1K1

Y4

b0


11/13


Mon : IEN - KHNEN

Chng :7au khoan i ra cham e thc hien cong viec chuyen ong chay dao;cuoi hanh trnh xy lanh 2.0 t quay ve nhanh; sau o xy lanh 1.0 quay vee thao kep; va cuoi cung xy lanh tac ong n 3.0 se i ra ay chitiet va thc hien xong vao thung at ke ben va hoan tat mot chutrnh.

Bai giai :

Bc 1

T yeu cau cong nghe, ta ve s o hanh trnh bc

Ta nhan thay, mach ieu khien bao gom co 3 xy lanh, trong o xylanh 1.0 va 2.0 la hai xy lanh tac ong hai pha, con xy lanh 3.0 la xy lanhtac ong mot pha.

Bc 2Ta tien hanh chia tang, nh a trnh bay phan

H.V.A.-3/2005 Trang 126

1

A

B

C

S2

S3

S1

32

2 31

S4

S6


12/13


Mon : IEN - KHNEN

Chng :7Mach ieu khien c chia ra lam 3 tang gom :

- Tang 1 : A+ B+

- Tang 2 : B- A- C+

- Tang 3 : C-

Lu y hai cong tac chuyen tang :- E1 la S5- E2 la S4- E3 la S6

Bc 3Ve s o mach Kh nen

Bc 4Ta tien hanh thiet ke mach 3 tang:

H.V.A.-3/2005 Trang 127

+24V

0V

K1 K2

E3 E2

E1

T1 T2 T3

K2

K2 K2

K1 K1 K1Start

Y1

2.0 3.0S11.0 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6

Y2 Y3 Y4 Y5 Y6


13/13


Mon : IEN - KHNEN

Chng :7

Bc 5 Ve mach ieu khien ien

H.V.A.-3/2005 Trang 128

+24V

K1 K2

S6 S4

S5

Y1

Y2 Y5

K2 K2 K2

K1 K1K1

Start

0V

Y3 Y4 Y6

S2 S1 S3

Chuong 7 - PP Thiet Ke

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