Chapter 8 WLAN Planning and Design
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Transcript of Chapter 8 WLAN Planning and Design
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Chapter 8
WLAN Planning and Design
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Bölüm 8
WLAN Planlama ve Tasarımı
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WLAN Design Considerations
• RF design issues• WLAN site qualification• Capacity and coverage• Existing network issues
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WLAN Tasarımında Dikkat Edilecek Hususlar
• RF tasarım konuları• WLAN alan kualifikasyonu• Kapasite ve kapsam alanı• Mevcut kurulu ağlarla ilgili konular
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RF Design Issues
The following can affect a WLAN’s performance operating in ISM band:
• Competing devices• Distance• Objects– Metal boxes– Other non-metal objects
• Shared bandwidth
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RF Tasarım Konuları
ISM bandında çalışan WLAN performansını aşağıdakiler etkiler
• Mevcut alanda aynı frekans aralığı (ISM) kullanan diğer cihazlar
• Mesafe• Engelleyici Cisimler– Metal cisimler– Diğer metal olmayan cisimler
• Baylaşımlı bandgenişliği
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WLAN Site Qualification
The qualification process addresses• The scope• The size of network to be installed– Number of APs to be installed– Expected number of nodes
• Capabilities for the site to support the BW requirements– Bursty traffic– Constant traffic
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WLAN Alan Kualifikasyonu
Kualifikasyonu processi aşağıdaki hususları içerir• Kapsamı• Kurulacak ağın büyüklüğü– Kurulacak AP sayısı– Beklenen kullanıcı sayısı
• Bandgenişliği ihtiyaçı gereksinimlerini karşılayıcı kapasite– Bursty trafik– Sabit trafik
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Capacity and Coverage
• WLAN coverage– To maximize the coverage of an AP, the AP should
be placed in the center of or a location that provides best coverage to the area
– Should consider multiple APs?• WLAN capacity– Number of available non-overlapping channels– Capabilities of APs– Load on APs
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Kapasite ve Kapsam Alanı
• WLAN kapsam alanı– Bir AP için en iyi kapsam alanı sağlamak için, AP yerin
ortasına veya ytesbit edilen en iyi yere monte edilmeli– Çok AP kurulacak mı? Kurulması düşünülüyorsa ona
göre herbirisi nin yeri planlanmalı• WLAN Kapasitesi– Birbiriyle ürtüşmeyen /çakışmayan(non-overlaping)
mevcut kanal sayısı– AP’lerin yetenekleri (fonsiyonları)– AP’lerdeki yük
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Incompatibilities between 802.11a and 802.11b
• Modulation type• RF frequency being used• Maximum data rate• Coverage and operating range
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802.11a ve 802.11bArasındaki Uyuşmazlıklar
• Modulasyonu tipi• Kullanılan RF frekansı• Maximum veri iletim hızları• Kapsama alanı ve çalışma aralığı
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WLAN Modes
• Ad-hoc– Peer-to-peer– No APs– Self-organizing– Independent BSS (IBSS)
• Infrastructure– Central APs– Communication through APs– BSS– Multiple BSS Extended BSS (ESS)
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WLAN Modları• Ad-hoc
– Peer-to-peer– AP bulunmaz (gerek yok)– Düğümler (node) Kendi aralarında organize olurlar– Bağımsız (Independent) BSS (IBSS)
• Altyapılı (Infrastructure)– AP merkezli– Haberleşme AP’ler üzerinden gerçekleşir– BSS– Çoklu (Multiple) BSS Uzstılmıış/genişletilmiş (Extended) BSS
(ESS)
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Extending an Existing Network
Following should be considered• Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)• Roaming• Throughput• Coverage• Capacity• Compatibility• Expandability
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Mevcut bir Ağı Genişletme
Aşağıdaki hususlar gözününde bulundurulmalı• Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)• Roaming• Throughput• Kapsam alanı• Kapasite• Uyumluluk• Genişletilebilme (ileride gerektiğinde)
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Conducting Site Tests
• Gather as much as documentation as possible– Facility diagrams, wiring plans, power outlets, etc
• Perform a walk-through and visual inspection of the area
• Use devices designed for site surveys• Identify sources of interference• Identify best location for APs and antennas• After each installation of APs test• Document all findings and test results
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Alan/Bölge Testleri Yapma
• Mümkün olduğunda dökümantasyon topla– bina, kablolama, elektrik/su/gaz boru geçişleri, vs
• Alanı gezip, görsel olarak bölgeyi keşif• Alan taraması için tasarlanmış cihazları kullanma• Parasit (interference) kaynaklarını tesbit• AP ve antenler için en iyi yeri belirleme• Her AP kuruluduğunda testleri gerçekleştirme• Bütün bulguları ve test sonuçlarını dokümante etme
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Site Survey Tools
Equipment needed for site survey• AP• Antenna• Documentation media (paper)• A portable device• Network Interface card (NIC)• Site survey software (SW)– Network protocol analyzer (sniffer)
• Specially designed site survey devices– Spectrum analyzer
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Alan Tarama Araçları/Gereçleri
Alan taraması için aşağıdaki cihazlara ihtiyaç var:• AP• Anten• Dokümantasyon için kağıt veya diğer• Taşınabilir (portable) bir cihaz• Ağ arayüz kartı (Network Interface card = NIC)• Alan tarama yazılımı (SW)– Ağ protokol analizör (sniffer)
• Alan taraması için özellikle tasarımlanmış cihazlar– Spectrum analyzer gibi
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Signals that may be Measured
• Receive signal strength indicator (RSSI)• Signal strength• Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)
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Ölçülebilinecek Sinyaller
• Alış sinyali şiddeti göstergesi (Receive signal strength indicator=RSSI)
• Sinyal şiddeti• Sinyal-gürültü oranı (Signal-to-noise
ratio=SNR)