Chapter 5

CHEMISTRY MODULE CHAPTER 5/FARIDAH HAMAT/SASER 2008

CHAPTER 5: CHEMICAL BONDING

Work sheet 1Show and explain the formation of cations below

Example : Formation of lithium ion,

Explanation: Lithium atom released one electron to form lithium ion

a) Formation of sodium ion,

Explanation:………………………………………………………………………

b) Formation of magnesium ion,

Explanation:………………………………………………………………………...

c) Formation of Aluminum ion,

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7 Li3

23 Na11

27 Al13

24 Mg12

Lithium atom, Li Lithium ion, Li+

+


Explanation:………………………………………………………………………

d) Formation of potassium ion,

Explanation:………………………………………………………………………....

e) Formation of calcium ion,

Explanation:………………………………………………………………………..

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39 K19

40 Ca20


Work sheet 2Show and explain the formation of anions bellow

a) Formation of fluoride ion,

Explanation:……………………………………………………………………….

b) Formation of oxide ion,

Explanation:……………………………………………………………………….

c) Formation of chloride ion,

Explanation:………………………………………………………………………...

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19 F9

16 O8

35 Cl17


Work sheet 3Show and explain the formation of an ionic compounds bellow.

a) Formation of sodium chloride compound, NaCl

b) Formation of sodium oxide compound, Na2O

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Explanation:

a) ……………………………………………………………………………….

b) ………………………………………………………………………………..

c) ………………………………………………………………………………..

d) ………………………………………………………………………………..

e) ………………………………………………………………………………...

f) ………………………………………………………………………………...

g) ………………………………………………………………………………...

+

+ -

Sodium atom Chlorine atom


c) Formation of Magnesium oxide compound, MgO

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Explanation:

a) ……………………………………………………………………………….

b) ………………………………………………………………………………..

c) ………………………………………………………………………………..

d) ………………………………………………………………………………..

e) ………………………………………………………………………………...

f) ………………………………………………………………………………...

g) ………………………………………………………………………………..


d) Formation of Magnesium chloride compound, MgCl2

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Explanation:

a) ……………………………………………………………………………….

b) ………………………………………………………………………………..

c) ………………………………………………………………………………..

d) ………………………………………………………………………………..

e) ………………………………………………………………………………...

f) ………………………………………………………………………………...

g) ………………………………………………………………………………...


Work sheet 4Show and explain the formation of covalent compounds bellow.

a) hydrogen molecule

b) chlorine molecule

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Explanation:

a) ……………………………………………………………………………….

b) ………………………………………………………………………………..

c) ………………………………………………………………………………..

d) ….……………………………………………………………………………

e) ………………………………………………………………………………

Explanation:

a) ……………………………………………………………………………….

b) ………………………………………………………………………………..

c) ………………………………………………………………………………..

d) ….…………………………………………………………………………….

e) ………………………………………………………………………………

f) ………………………………………………………………………………


c) Oxygen molecule

d) Nitrogen molecule

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Explanation:

a) ……………………………………………………………………………….

b) ………………………………………………………………………………..

c) ………………………………………………………………………………..

….………………………………………………………………………………...

…………………………………………………………………………………….

Explanation:

d) ……………………………………………………………………………….

e) ………………………………………………………………………………..

f) ………………………………………………………………………………..

….………………………………………………………………………………...

…………………………………………………………………………………….


e) Water molecule

Work sheet 5Complete the comparison of physical properties for ionic and covalent compounds in the table 1 below.

No Ionic compound Covalent compound1

2

3

4

5

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Explanation:

a) ……………………………………………………………………………….

b) ………………………………………………………………………………..

c) ………………………………………………………………………………..

….………………………………………………………………………………...

…………………………………………………………………………………….


Table 1: Properties of ionic and covalent compoundsChapter Assessment

1. Figure 1 shows the electron arrangement of atom X

Figure 1

a) Is element X a metal or non-metal? Give a reason for your answer

…………………………………………………………………………………b) Write the electron arrangement of an atom of a noble gas in the same period as X

in the Period Table

…………………………………………………………………………………c) Atom X forms a covalent bond with a hydrogen atom. Draw the electron

arrangement of the molecule formed

…………………………………………………………………………………d) Atom X reacts with sodium atom to form a compound.

(i) What type of bond is formed in the compound?

………………………………………………………………………….(ii) Write the formula for the compound

…………………………………………………………………………...

(iii) Give three properties of the compound

…………………………………………………………………………...

2. Table 1 shows the melting and boiling points of some substancesSubstance Melting point (oC) Boiling point (oC)

Ethanol -117 78Calcium

oxide2580 2850

Copper 1080 2600Graphite 3730 4830

TABLE 1

a) Which of the substances above is

(i) an ionic compound?.............................................................................

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(ii) a covalent compound?..........................................................................

(iii) a metal?.................................................................................................

b) (i) Which of the substances cannot conduct electricity in solid, molten and aqueous states?

…………………………………………………………………………….(ii) Explain your answer in b(i) above

……………………………………………………………………………..

c) Why does ethanol have low melting and boiling points?

……………………………………………………………………………….

d) What particles are present in calcium oxide? Explain how these particles are formed?

……………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………….

e) State the particle present in copper.

……………………………………………………………………………….

3. Table 2 shows the proton number and relative atomic mass for elements A, B, C, D, E and E.Elements Proton number Relative atomic mass

A 3 7B 4 16C 8 19D 9 20E 10 23F 12 24

TABLE 2

a) Write the electron arrangement for

(i) B:……………………………………………………………………

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(ii) D:…………………………………………………………………….

(iii) F:…………………………………………………………………….

b) (i) Which of the above elements will form ions with the same electron arrangement as helium (duplet electron arrangement)

……………………………………………………………………………….(ii) Give the formula of the ions obtained in b(i) above

………………………………………………………………………c) (i) Name two elements which are found in the same group

……………………………………………………………………….(ii) Name the group in which they are located.

………………………………………………………………………

d) F burns in C to form an ionic compound(iv) Give the formula of the compound in terms of F and C

………………………………………………………………………(v) Give two properties of the compounds formed in d(i) above

……………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………….e) Show the formation formed by F and D

f) Why is the element E exists as monatomic?

……………………………………………………………………………..

4.

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A B C

a) C burns in B to form a compound(i) What type of compound is formed?

………………………………………………………………………(ii) Give the formula of the compound

………………………………………………………………………(iii) Give two properties of the compounds formed in d(i) above

……………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………….(iv) Explain the formation of the compound

……………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………(v) Shows the formation of the compound

b) A react with B to form a compound(i) What type of compound is formed?

………………………………………………………………………(ii) Give the formula of the compound

………………………………………………………………………(iii) Name the compound

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………………………………………………………………………(vi) Give two properties of the compounds formed in d(i) above

……………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………….(vii) Explain the formation of the compound

……………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………(viii) Show the formation of the compound

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Chapter 5

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