PH N II: C U HNH ROUTER TRN MICROSOFT WINDOWS SERVER 2003 N I 2 M NGI.TM HI U CC KHI NI M: 1.Gi i thi u: Router hay b nh tuy n m t d ng my tnh c bi t, ho t ng d a trn ph n m m ho c ph n c ng, lm nhi m v chuy n cc gi tin qua h th ng lin m ng, qu trnh ny c g i l qu trnh hnh OSI. Router ho t ci nh tuy n. Router l thi t b ho t ng t i l p 3 (network) trong m c ng d a trn ph n m m hay router m m l nh ng my tnh ng c s d ng n nh. n my

t cc ph n m m lm nhi m v

nh tuy n v k t n i cc nhnh m ng (subnet) l i n i cc nhnh m ng v i chi ph th p v

v i nhau. Router m m th 2.Routing ( tnh/thi t b . y Qu trnh l a ch n y Vi c l a ch n d nh tuy n):

khng i h i cao v hi u su t v L vi c l a ch n ng i

chuy n gi tin t m t my tnh/thi t b ngu n m t gi tin t my source ng ng i

ng i

n my destination v

chuy n gi tin i theo con cc thi t b router n m trn y

c g i l qu trnh routing. c th c hi n : my tnh source, c l a ch n.

ng i v chuy n gi tin i

th c hi n routing, cc my tnh v thi t b tham gia vo qu trnh routing c t n t i m t c s d li u l routing table. nh i n m ng no (network destination)

y Cc thng tin trn routing table xc y Trong routing table c m t s dng

th i qua my tnh/thi t b no (gateway) b ng card m ng no (interface). c bi t: network destination = 0.0.0.0 y n default gateway. chnh l gi tr default gateway. ngh a c a dng default gateway l n u m ng ch khng t n t i trong routing table th g i gi tin y xem routing table trn m t my tnh s d ng l nh router print.

3.Remote Access (Truy xu t t xa): RAS: cho php Client xa k t n i v truy n th ng d li u v i m ng LAN cng ty thng qua RAS Server b ng: Line i n tho i(analog modems, Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) adapters, and digital subscriber line (DSL) modems. T o knh n i ring gi a client o: VPN). 4.D ch v Routing and Remote Access (RRAS): H i u hnh Windows server 2003 cung c p s n d ch v RRAS. RRAS c nhi u ch c ng nh m t router. Nh v y nh tuy n cc gi trong h th ng m ng. nh tuy n gi tin trn m ng. nh tuy n cho h th ng m ng s d ng cng c Routing Remote ng php nh tuy n t nh(static routing): ng i n cc ng m ng m c ch cho router bi t n ng trong c ch c n ng cho php m t my tnh ho t n lm nhi m v a)M c tiu: - Tm hi u nguyn t c - Bi t cch c u hnh - Tm hi u static routing v dynamic routing protocols nh RIP v OSPF. Access c a Windws server 2003. b) nh tuy n s d ng ph Trong ph ng ng php ny b n s t o ra cc tuy n n cc ng php xa v i LAN dng ng truy n Internet(M ng ring

khng bi t khng k t n i tr c ti p vo router. M c ch l chuy n gi tin i nh tuy n ng: l ph nh tuy n c)C u hnh ng s d ng giao th c RIP:

ng m ng m khng k t n i tr c ti p v i mnh. nh tuy n m b n s s d ng cc giao th c nh i

tuy n nh RIP hay OSPF thng tin - RIP l giao th c metric l hop count

nh tuy n trong m ng. Cc giao th c ny s t trao

nh tuy n gi a cc router v i nhau. nh tuy n thu c vo lo i distance-vec routing protocol. RIP dng tnh chi ph cho cc tuy n ng. Khi RIP trn router, router s nh tuy n c a mnh cho cc l lng gi ng v i nhau hai nh tuy n.

cc gi tin update c ch a ton b thng tin trong b n tuy n no m n ch a bi t vo b n nh tuy n c a mnh.

router lng gi ng v i n. Cc router lng gi ng khi nh n gi tin update s c p nh t nh ng router ph i k t n i v i nhau v ph i cng ch y m t giao th c

-M c

nh RIP g i gi update theo chu k 30s. M i l n g i update RIP g i ton b nh tuy n c a router i. i thng tin v i nhau, cc router s h c c thm nh ng ng m ng khng k t n i tr c ti p v i mnh v l u nh ng ng s d ng giao th c OSPF: nh tuy n thu c vo lo i link-static routing protocol. OSPF dng ng i ng. n cc m ng ch. c i m m OSPF h n h n ng truy n v v y OSPF nh gi m t cch y l m t

cc tuy n hi n c trong b n - Sau m t th i gian trao tuy n ng i n cc tuy n ny vo b ng d)C u hnh metric l cost - Cost RIP.

nh tuy n c a n.

nh tuy n

- OSPF l giao th c

tnh chi ph cho cc tuy n

c tnh d a vo bandwidth trn

chnh st h n v metric c a nh ng tuy n - Ngoi ra, OSPF khc v i RIP

ch , OSPF khng g i update theo chu k m g i theo i trong ki n trc m ng th ng trong b n nh tuy n c a

s ki n. G i update theo s ki n ngh a l khi c s thay tin m i thay router. - Qu trnh ho t i ch khng ch a ton b cc tuy n

router m i g i gi tin update ra cc c ng. Trong gi tin update lc ny ch ch a cc thng

ng c a OSPF tr i qua nhi u giai o n. Khi v a b t OSPF ln trn thi t l p m i quan h neighbor.Sau i cc gi tin database description i thng tin nh tuy n

router, cc router s g i cc gi tin hello cho nhau khi tm th y neighbor c a mnh, chng s trao ng b thng tin v i nhau. Thng tin tnh ton II. CC B nh tuy n c a nhau nh tuy n

thi t l p m i quan h adjacency.

- Sau khi thi t l p m i quan h adjacency, cc router s trao - Sau m t th i gian trao

c g i trong cc gi tin LSU (Link-State Update). n cc m ng ch v l u n vo b ng nh tuy n.

i thng tin v i nhau, cc router s d ng thu t ton Dijkstra

ng i ng n nh t i C TH C HI N:

y C u hnh cho Server-01. y C u hnh cho Server-02. y Test 2 m ng thng nhau ch a

Sau y l m hnh m ng c n thi t l p:

RRAS

Hnh 2: M hnh ng d ng c a Router m m

C u hnh Server- 01:C p IP cho Server-01 card Lan

Hnh 2.1: Thi t l p IP LAN cho server 1 C p IP cho Server-01 card Cross

Hnh 2.2: Thi t l p IP Cross cho server 1 Sau , vo Start -> All program -> Administrative Tolls -> Routing and Remote Access. Sau khi m cng c Routing and Access s th y c a s nh hnh bn d i.

Hnh 2.3: H p tho i Routing and Remote Access Trn c a s trn click ph i t i tn c a my r i ch n Configure and Enable Routing and Remote Access

Hnh 2.4: C u hnh RRAS Sau khi ch n Configure and Enable Routing and Remote Access s th y m t c a s m i xu t hi n v i h p tho i Welcome to the Routing and Remote Access. Nh n Next chuy n qua h p tho i Configuration. Trn h p tho i ny ch n m c ba l Custom Configuration b n check vo m c LAN Custom configuration v nh n nt Next. Chuy n qua h p tho i th routing v ch n nt Next.

Hnh 2.5: LAN routing H p tho i cu i cng xu t hi n thng bo qu trnh c u hnh cho Routing and Remote Access hon thnh. Khi service d i. Sau ti n hnh c u hnh nh tuy n s d ng Static Route nh sau: t o ra m t tuy n ng b ng Static Route click ph i t i Static Route trn c a s c b t ln s th y c a s Routing and Remote Access nh hnh bn

Routing and Remote Access v ch n New Static Route.

Hnh 2.5: C u hnh Statis Route Trn my Server-01 khai bo tuy n ng v i cc thng s nh sau:

Hnh 2.6: Thi t l p card Cross y T i c a s Static Routing v a xu t hi n nh p vo cc thng tin cho cc tuy n ng m mu n t o t i cc text box. y Interface: Ch c th i n nh interface m router s g i gi tin ra kh i interface ny ng m ng ch. ng m ng ch m mu n i n. iv ng m ng ng no ng static n

y Destination: Khai bo y Gateway: Khai bo ch. y Metric: Ch router l 1. Sau ti n hnh kh i

y Network Mask: Khai bo subnet mask c a

ng m ng ch.

a ch ip c a next hop m ph i i qua

nh chi ph c a cc

ng static router ny. Chi ph c a

ci th p s cng

c router u tin s d ng. Default metric c a cc ng l i d ch v .

Hnh 2.7: Kh i

ng l i

n y qu trnh c u hnh cho Server-01 hon t t.

Hnh 2.8: Qu trnh hon t t

C u hnh cho Server-02:C p IP cho Server-02 card Cross

Hnh 2.9: Thi t l p IP Cross cho server 2 C p IP cho Server-02 card Lan

Hnh 2.10: Thi t l p IP LAN cho server 2 Vo Start -> All program -> Administrative Tolls -> Routing and Remote Access. Sau khi m cng c Routing and Access s th y c a s nh hnh bn d i.

Hnh 2.11: H p tho i Routing and Remote Access Sau khi ch n Configure and Enable Routing and Remote Access s th y m t c a s m i xu t hi n v i h p tho i Welcome to the Routing and Remote Access. Nh n Next chuy n qua h p tho i Configuration. Trn h p tho i ny ch n m c Custom configuration v nh n nt Next Chuy n qua h p tho i th ba l Custom Configuration check vo m c LAN routing v ch n nt Next.

Hnh 2.12: LAN routing H p tho i cu i cng xu t hi n thng bo qu trnh c u hnh cho Routing and Remote Access

Hnh 2.13: Ci Ti n hnh c u hnh

t thnh cng t o ra m t tuy n

nh tuy n s d ng Static Route nh sau:

ng b ng static route click ph i t i Static Route trn c a s Routing and Remote Access v ch n New Static Route.

Hnh 2.14: C u hnh Static Route Trn my Server-02 khai bo tuy n ng v i cc thng s nh sau:

Hnh 2.15: Thi t l p Cross cho server 2 Ti n hnh kh i ng l i d ch v . Test 2 m ng thng v i nhau ch a: C p IP cho Client 1

Hnh 2.16: Thi t l p IP cho Client 1 C p IP cho Client 2

Hnh 2.17: Thi t l p IP cho client 2 M ng 162.168.10.2 nhn th y m ng 172.168.10.2 sau khi ping nhau

Hnh 2.18: Test 2 m ng M ng 172.168.10.2 nhn th y m ng 162.168.10.2 sau khi ping nhau

Hnh 2.19: Test 2 m ng III.K T LU N Router m m ho t nh. ng lm nhi m v chuy n d li u qua l i gi a cc nhnh m ng l i n v i nhau nh ng v i chi ph th p, d s d ng v khng i h i cao v hi u su t v