CHEST IMAGING/ 2 CT

Dr. Anas Alasolaiman

Radiology department

2014

Damascus University

Faculty of Medicine

5th Year

Lung windows are chosen to maximize our ability to image abnormalities of the lung parenchyma .

Mediastinal windows are chosen to display the Mediastinal, hilar, and pleural structures to best advantag

Bone window

AT this level, you should be able to identify the lungs. the trachea, and the esophagus.

The trachea is black because it contains air. is usually oval, and is about 2 cm in diameter.

The esophagus lies posterior and either to the left or to the right of the trachea.

AORTIC ARCH LEVELAORTIC ARCH LEVEL

At this level you should be able to identify the aortic arch, superior vena cava,. and azygous vein.

 At this level you should be able to identify the ascending and descending aorta, superior vena cava, and uppermost

aspect of the left pulmonary artery (maybe).

At these leve1s (it may require more man one image to see all of these structures, you

should be able to identify the main. right, and left pulmonary arteries, the right and left

main bronchi, and me bronchus intermedius.

HIGH CARDIAC LEVELHIGH CARDIAC LEVEL  At this level, you should be able to identify me left

atrium. right atrium, aortic root, and right ventricular outflow tract

LOW CARDIAC LEVELLOW CARDIAC LEVELAt this level, you should be able to identify the right

atrium, right ventricle" left ventricle" interventricn1ar septum, and pericardium..

Thin collimation 1 – 2mm .For suspected interstitial/ generalized lung

disease No contrast media is given . Insp / exp . .

ANATOMANATOMY Y

Air Bronchogram Sign

An air bronchogram indicates that the underlying opacity must be parenchymal rather than pleural or mediastinal in location

Air Crescent Sign

A mass growing within a pre-existing cavity, or an area of pneumonia that undergoes necrosis and cavitates, may form a peripheral crescent of air between the intracavitary mass and the cavity wall, resulting in the air crescent sign

Ring Around the Artery Sign

This sign refers to a well-defined lucency encircling the right pulmonary artery

pneumomediastinum

CHEST MRICHEST MRIMR imaging of the chest is performed to:MR imaging of the chest is performed to:assess abnormal growths, including cancer of the lungs or other tissues, which either cannot be assessed adequately with other imaging modalities (typically CT) or which are particularly well-suited to MR imaging.

determine tumor size, extent, and the degree to which the cancer has spread to adjacent structures.

assess the anatomy and functionality of the heart and its component structures (valves, etc.)

determine blood flow dynamics in the vessels and heart chambers.

display lymph nodes and blood vessels, including vascular and lymphatic malformations of the chest.

assess disorders of the chest bones (vertebrae, ribs and sternum) and chest wall soft tissue (muscles and fat).

A special form of MRI called magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) is helpful to assess the vessels of the chest cavity (arteries and veins). MRA can also demonstrate an abnormal ballooning out of the wall of an artery (aneurysm) or a torn inner lining of an artery (dissection).

Quizz