Business Analysis & Scope Management

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Business Analysis & Scope Management

Larry J.T. Ho PMP, PMI-ACP, PMI-PBA & [email protected] Mobile : 0987096209

mailto:[email protected]


• What Is Business Analysis?• BA vs. Project• Certification• TAEA PMI-PBA Prep Course• Q & A


We fail more because we fail to face the right problem.


The study of project failure covering 365 executive mangers and 8,380 applications. (1995)

BA will help mitigate over 60% of factors that cause project failure

13%12%

10%

9%9%8%

39%Imcomplete Requirements

Lack of User Involvement

Unrealistic Expectations

Lack of Executive Support

Changing Requirements

Lack of Planning

Lack of Resources


Reqs Design Coding Test Accept Operation0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

1 3 5

14

33

100

Relative Cost of Correction Errors


馬雲說：我成功的原因是(1) 我們沒有錢(2) 我不懂技術(3) 我從來不計劃


找出真正問題所在

定義管理各類需求

設計有效解決方案

促使達成專案目標


Current State: KPI 1: Return on Equity 9%KPI 2: Market Share 17%KPI 3: Average Listening Time=15 minFuture State:KPI 1: Return on Equity 15%KPI 2: Market Share 25%KPI 3: Average Listening Time=30 min

ALT = 30mins


Needs Requirements Solutions


Need, Want and Demand

NTD 100

NTD 5,100


Requirements are a specification of what should be implemented. They are descriptions of how the system should behave, or of a system property or attribute. They may be a constraint of the development process of the system.

By Sommerville and Pete Sawyer(1997)

BABOK III： A requirement is a usable

representation of a need.


單身的原因是：喜歡上一個人


▶ Problem

▶ Opportunity

Solution：A set of

changes to the current state

BABOK Guide III：A specific way of satisfying one or more needs in a context


Business analysis is the practice of enabling change in an enterprise by defining needs and recommending solutions that deliver value to stakeholders.

From IIBA BABOK III


BABOK III：Business analysts are responsible for analyzing and synthesizing information provided by a large number of people within an enterprise.


Challenge assumptions

Question rules

Look for alternatives

Validate information

Evaluate potential solutions

Examine processes

Ask the hard questions and question the answers


Quality Control Specialist

What do customers need to see to believe that we solved their problem?

User acceptance test

VOC： Voice of Customer

User Story

Use Case


The Facilitator makes progress easier

Lead or coordinate the work of a group

Bring an outcome by indirect or unobtrusive assistance, guidance, or supervision


Filter

Prioritization of needs

Defect reports

Opportunities

Change requests

By consolidated, analyzed, and filtered

Less is moreNo sub-optimization


• Define the changes to be made• Assess the impacts as a whole• Determine the ability to apply new changes• Create a schedule that allows for successful adoption• Prepare the business community for the transition• Perform post-implemented assessment

Change agents help implementing the solution on line.


The British Computer Society：An internal consultancy role that have the responsibility for investigating business system, identifying options for improving business system, and bridge the needs of the business with the use of IT.


BA Roles

Inter-mediary

Filter

Investi-gator

FacilitatorProcess Improver

Quality Specialist

Change Agent


The Guiding Principles for BAs

Root causes, not symptoms

Business improvement, not IT

change only

Feasible, contributing

requirements, not all requests

The entire business change lifecycle, not

just requirements definition

Negotiation, not avoidance

Business agility, not business perfection


Decision

Making


Business Solution Life Cycle

Enterprise Analysis

StrategicPlanning Requirements Solution

Design Construction Test Deliver Operation &Maintenance Deactivate

Operation &

M

aintenance

Deliver

Unit Test

Manage Change

Monitor &

Update

PrototypeTrade-O

ff AnalysisM

itigate RisksAllocate and

TraceDocum

entation and Validation

SpecificationAnalysis

Elicitation

Business Domain

Scope Definition

Business Need

Solution Requirements Life Cycle

Operations PeriodStudy Implementation Period (Project Life Cycle)

Business Case Sol. Req. Req. Spec.

& BaselineSolution Prototype UAT Post-deployed

assessmentProblem

Statement

Integration TestSystem

TestU

ser Test


Requirements Design Construction Test Deliver

Implementation Period (Project Life Cycle)

As customer Rep.

Assist to make trade-off among various technical options.

Solution Scope Management

Prepare test case and participate UAT

Facilitate the change


BA vs. PMBusiness Analyst Project Manager

Do the right thing Do the thing rightA high-quality product deliver by a successful project

As same as BA

Focus on product produced by project Focus on project itself

Care about product scope more Care about budget and schedules more

As a navigator As a captain

Strategic oriented Tactical oriented

Responsible for the success of the project’s product

Responsible for the success of the project

If changes bring values If changes effect deadline or budget

BA makes sure the PM does not sacrifice the solution to the exigencies of schedule or budget. PM keeps BA within the limits of technological feasibility and realistic project performance.


Where Are We?Business Community

Business Manager

Process Workers

Project Owner

Problems

Development Community

Projects

Technical Manager

Solution Team

Project Manager

Business Analyst

Executive

Solution(Product)

Management

Defines

ProduceSolve


BA vs. SA

Information

One Best Solution(Requirements)

What must be done

One Best Solution(Design)

How it will be done

Business Domain Problem Domain

BA SA

PM

Project Life Cycle

SA is the technologist who defines HOW the solution is going to be implemented.


BA & Solution Team

The trouble with developers is that you can never tell what

a developer is doing until it’s too late.

Challenges

Silo

No Problem

syndrome


BA activities is part of project WBS.

Project Management Requirements Design Constrictio

n Test Deliver O&M

Project

Elicitation Analysis Specification ValidationRMP

• Requirement elicitation• Requirement analysis• Requirement specification• Requirement validation• Requirement change• Traceability• Requirement risk management• Requirement verification and validation• Deployment plan

•Brainstorming• Workshops• Documents analysis• Focus group• Interface analysis• Interviews• Observation• Prototyping• Reverse engineering• Surveys

•Context dia.• Use case dia.• Use cases•Story board• process model• Data models• In/Out List• Traceability matrix• DFD• Interface dia.• Business rule• Data dictionary• Glossary

•Business requirements documents•System requirements documents

• Peer review•Inspection• structural workthrough

• Manage change• Allocate• Trace• Early validation

• Manage change• Allocate• Trace• Early validation

• Component validation• User acceptance test

• Deployment communication• Policies• Procedures• Staffing• Facilities• Training• User manuals• Post-implementation support• Lessons learned• Customer satisfaction survey

• Legacy maintenance and enhancements• Solution performance assessment


171,000by 2016


876,000by 2020


Data from IIBA 2013 Salary Survey


United States



$91,252 Double than the average US

salary


PMI-PBA

5 Knowledge Areas

Activities 28Tasks

Techniques


Business Analysis Planning

Traceability & Monitoring (Requirement Management)

Needs Assessment

Requirement Elicitation &

Analysis

Solution Evaluation


4,500hrs


35PDU


4.0hrs


200Qs


Organize Requirements.1 Levels of AbstractionThere are a number of formal structures for levels of

abstraction, including those outlined in

enterprise architecture frameworks. ?


• 35PDUs

• 35Hrs • 26,000NTD

• 90%Today


Q& A

Business Analysis & Scope Management

Career

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