Bệnh cây nông nghiệp- Rau-Hoa-Qua-3.doc

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Ngnh cng ngh Rau Hoa Qu v Cnh quan

D N GIO DC I HC VIT NAM - H LAN

----------------------------------

BNH CY NNG NGHIP

(Bi ging cho ngnh Cng ngh Rau Hoa Qu v Cnh quan)

Bin sonTS. H Vit Cng

H Ni !!"

M#$ %#$

PH&N I' BNH CY I C()NG***********'**********'+

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PH&N II' BNH CY CHYNHOA*******************'

C,./0 Q' NRS :4/,/RS************************"

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C,./0 1' Gi2i 3,i45

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Bnh Go nhi4* RKc th2c tk G&ch hi

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+8 GP6 nA* My(omycetes 8 Plasmodiophoromycetes- hoWc 8o giiChromista +8 GP6 nA* non )omycetes-. FWc G 89Z Go sI gn g~i cachlng 8i nA* th9t +c; 83 hnh th$iZ tin ho$ 8 tnh chAt g bnh- nn 8nRc nghin cN2 ch2ng 8i nA* 8 c]n Rc g!i , c$c sinh 89t ging nA*.

DA* 8 VSV ging nA* c) RWc RiX* ch2ng sa26

Tn Y" s bnh hi c t=ng , Go nA* 8 VSV ging nA* g a.

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Si nA* Ra bo c]n si ca VSV ging nA* RMn boZ ?hn nh$nh.

h>ng c) Gi? ,PcZ G& GQng

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/hto?,as*a 8 S?io?,as*a- /hn ,n c) ,>ng oi +7 *Kt R2 hoWc ?hn b :h`? t bo-

Sinh s;n b\ng ?hn R>i

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RWc RiX* ch2ng sa2



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Vi2s , t$c nhn g bnh RWc bit :h>ng c) cA2 to t bo

/hn tO 8i2s thng ch g=* hai thnh ?hn chnh , a[it n2c,0ic 8?ot0in.

[it n2c,0ic ca Ra s 8i2t thIc 89t , uDZ *Kt s t , ^D.

[t n2c,0ic n\* 7 bn tongZ thng Rc bao b!c b\ng *Kt ,? 8ngoi ?ot0in.

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a s hnh gi2n :i* chia thnh R2Z thn 8 R2>i. CM thX thng Gi "Z# 1**Z R>i :hi c) ,oi Gi ti :ho;ng 1# **. FKt s ,oi c) con c$i ?hnhto.

TAn c>ng c t=ng b\ng c$ch Gng :i* chch hlt RX hlt Ginh GQng

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Nh4: inh +;ng +bioto?h-6 sO GPng ng2=n thNc :L ch sng.C$c 8 GP RiXn hnh , nA* sMng *ai +Peronospora manshurica g bnhsMng *ai R92 tMng-Z g s`t 8 8 ?hAn t`ng +rysiphe cichoracearum-.

Dh)* sinh GQngZ nhn ch2ng c) ?h :L ch h?Z 8 :h>ng git cht t bo:L ch nga sa2 :hi [* nhi4*x * tha 8o R)Z chlng RX t bo sng cng

,2 cng tt 8 chlng ?hP th2Kc 8o U2$ tnh tao Ri chAt ng2n 8n ca tbo :L ch RX thIc hin U2$ tnh Ginh GQng 8 sinh s;n. i32 n to cMhKi cho :L ch c) thX thit ,9? Rc c$c ?h;n Nng ?h]ng th ,in U2an tig0n :h$ng. i 8i nA* th2Kc nh)* sinh GQngZ ?hMng thNc hA? thP GinhGQng thng Rc thIc hin nh 8]i hlt +ha2stoi2*-. F> b& cht hoi hnhthnh ch sa2 :hi nA* R hon thnh U2$ tnh sinh s;n.

Nh4: ho!i +;ng +n0coto?h-6 sO GPng ng2=n thNc cht hoWcRang cht. C$c 8 GP RiXn hnh , nA* -otrytis cinereaZ lternaria*rassicicolaZ Rhizoctonia solani. Dh)* hoi GQngZ nhn ch2ng c) ?h :L

ch Kng hMn nhi32 8 nga sa2 :hi [* nhi4*Z chlng nga ,9? tNc git chtt bo :L ch At s* 8 to *Kt ,ot c$c RKc t * chlng Gng nh thlcRE t bo cht. V t bo :L ch b& cht At s* nn nhn ch2ng t bo:h>ng R thi gian RX thit ,9? c$c ?h;n Nng ?h]ng th th>ng U2a g0n :h$ng.T2 nhin c$c *> [2ng U2anh 8t cht hoi c) thX to Rc ?h;n Nng :h$ngnh c$c chAt :h2ch t$n a tk 8t bnh.

B2n inh +;ng+s0*ibioto?h-. FKt s 8i sinh 89t c) :iX2 sinh GQng hfnh?. V GP 8i :h2En Pseudomonas syringae c) ,lc Rc [0* nh th2Kc

nh)* sinh GQngZ c) ,lc ,i Rc [0* nh th2Kc nh)* hoi GQng. Vi:h2En [* nh9? 8o c U2a tn thMng cM gii hoWc :h :hng. Tong giaiRon R2 ca sI nhi4* bnhZ 8i :h2En :h>ng git cht t bo :L ch nhng83 sa2 8i :h2En sz git cht t bo.

'E' Tp/, 0 :4/, 3p/, ;$ $89 i @i/, a3 0 :4/,

T1nh g' &nh+?athog0nicitd?athog0nic-6 , :h; n


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:h;* ,$ Ga ch2Kt +c2c2*b0 *osaic 8i2sZ CFV- , nh5ng t$c nhn g hitn At nhi32 ,oi c.

FKt s t$c nhn g bnh ,i c) tnh ch2n h)a h? tNc c) ?h :L ch h?.V GP nA* 2ng th ng> +/2ccinia *aGis- ch g hi tn ng>x nA* non

Phytophthora infestans ch g hi tn c ch2aZ :hoai tx 8i :h2EnXanthomonas oryzaech g hi tn ,la.

D2 t$c nhn g bnh ch thch Nng , bnh 8o ,oi *> ha ,oi cM U2annhAt R&nh +nh2 *>Z *> *ch GnZ ,$Z 4Z U2;- th g!i , tnh ch2n h)a *>Ztnh ch2n h)a cM U2an. V GP 8i :h2EnRalstonia solanacearumhi *chGn c]n 8i :h2EnXanthomonas citrihi nh2 *>-

D2 ch thch Nng , bnh tn c$c cM U2an 7 *Kt giai RonZ t2i sinh ,LnhAt R&nh no R) th g!i , tnh ch2n h)a giai Ron hoWc tnh ch2n h)at2i sinh ,L. V GP nA*-otrytis cinerahi ch 2 *> gi c]n nA*Pythium

th9:nghi c con.

C,./0 ' 6/, ,7/0 $89 :4/, ;$ /?/0 @i/, % $89 $



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1' 6/, ,7/0 $89 :4/, ;$ /?/0 @i/, % $89 $'

1'1' Bi$ /?/0 u59/0 ,cW

_2ang h? , 1 chNc n


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1'' Bi


22/145


' Ti45 $,>/0 :4/, $

'1' /, /0,l9

Ti2 chNng bnh c c) thX Rc R&nh ngh'a nh sa26

Ti2 chNng , biX2 hin ?h;n Nng ca c Ri 8i bnh.

Ti2 chNng , c$c bin Ri bn ngoi hoWc bn tong ca c b& bnh.

'' C=$ %hi 3i45 $,>/0

FKt s bnh c c) thX to ti2 chNng h thng n2 bnh biX2 ton c.Th>ng thngZ tong tng h? nZ t$c nhn g hi c) *Wt :h`? tong choWc g hi 7 ?hn gc 4. T$i ,iZ c) nh5ng bnh to a ti2 chNng cPc bKn2 bnh ch biX2 hin 7 *Kt ?hn *> no R) tn c. Tong tng h? nZth>ng thng t$c nhn g bnh ch gi hn 7 ?hn *> b& bnh.

FKt t$c nhn g bnh c) thX to a nhi32 ,oi ti2 chNng :h$c nha2Z tth2Kc ,oi cZ ging cZ tnh :h$ng ca cZ tnh RKc ca b;n thn t$c nhn g

bnhZ Ri32 :in ngoi c;nh

T$i ,i nhi32 t$c nhn g bnhZ th9* ch th2Kc c$c nh)* :h$c hmn nha2 83*Wt ?hn ,oiZ c) thX to a c$c ti2 chNng ging nha2.

^i R , *Kt s ,oi ti2 chNng bnh c chnh 8 ?h bin

T,Zi ,{/06 *> bnh b& h hoiZ thng gW? 7 c$c bK ?hn c c) nhi32 n

cZ tinh bKt... +U2; c ch2aZ c :hoai tZ ,$ b`? c;i...-. Thi hng c) thX chiathnh6

Thng +X. mal!acearum-


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@A o*6 8t bnh thng thA 7 thnZ cnhZ U2;. BiX2 b nNt 8QZ c) gZ *>bnh ho$ bn. V^ bnh ,o}t c c) *li +Xanthomonas citri-

Tn i. Vt bnh thng :h>ng c) hnh Gng c R&nh * thng ?h$ttiXn th0o sI ?h$t tiXn ca t$c nhn g bnh tong *> :L ch. V^ bnh*c sMng c ch2a :hoai t Phytophthora infestans-

Bi c b& 8i sinh 89t :ch thch Gn ti ?h$t tiXn U2$ *Nc 83 s

,ng 8 :ch thc. V^ bnh sng 4 b`? c;i +/,as*oGio?hoabassica0-Z bnh t2n tng nt sng +4- c ch2aZ th2c ,$+F0,oiGogn0 s??.-

Bio*acco mosaic !irus

TFV-Z :h;* ,$ b ng> +Papaya ringspot !irus{ /uSV-Z R* hnhnhn R2 R +Papaya ringspot !irus{ /uSV/-

BiGn vng6 j$ bin *2 8ngZ gn c) thX gi5 *2 [anh +cn ?hn bit 8ic$c hin tng *At cn b\ng Ginh GQngZ RWc bit 8i ,ng hoWc gi sinh,L ca c-. V^ bnh bin 8ng b ng> ++?uash leaf curl China !irus!irus{SjCCDV-

H| }96 BK ?h9n 4Z gc thn hoWc *ch Gn b& 8i sinh 89t tAn c>ng.

Ho vng6 C h}o tk tk ,$ 8ng Gn =i cht. Thng Go nA* g a. V^bnh h}o 2sai2* c ch2a +;usarium o(ysporum|.s?. lycopersici-

Ho anh+thng Go 8i :h2En-6 Vi :h2En g hi ,* t`c b) *ch [,0*+Gn nc- Gn ti c h}o At nhanh. V^ bnh h}o 8i :h2En +h}o [anh-c ch2aZ :hoai tZ ,c Ralstonia solanacearum-

C,b 0oS6 @cZ thnZ cnh c bnh c) ,? nhIa +g>*- tit a. Hin tngch; g>* , ?h;n Nng ca c Ri 8i c$c t$c nhn g bnh 8 thng gW? 7c thn gf. V^ bnh ch; g>* c c) *li Phytophthora parasitica,P.citrophthora....-

Khoa Nng hc, Trng !i hc Nng nghi" H N#i #%


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E' DR5 ,i45 :4/,

E'1' /, /0,l9

Â2 hi2 bnh c) thX Rc R&nh ngh'a nh sa26

Â2 hi2 , sI c) *Wt 89t ,L ca t$c nhn g bnh.

Â2 hi2 , t$c nhn g bnh +hoWc bK ?h9n hoWc s;n ?hE* ca n)- c) thXU2an s$t Rc tn c bnh

E'' C=$ %hi R5 ,i45

Â2 hi2 bnhZ nh 89Z c) thX ,

@>" nI: *r0n &6 :J* vG* &nh. V^ ,? nA* *2Ki R0n +Capnodia citri- tnb3 *Wt c c) *li b& bnh *2Ki R0nx ,? nA* t`ng ++clerotium rolfsii- 7 gcc c ch2aZ ,c b& bnh h}o ~ gc *c t`ng.

H!ch nI: *r0n &6 :J* vG* &nh. V^ hch nA* +Rhizoctonia solani- tn b3*Wt thnZ ,$ ,la b& bnh :h> 8\n.

C2c c quan inh n v n "hL: cMa inh n *r0n &6 :J* vG* &nh .V^ c$c cnh bo tO ?hn sinh 8 bo tO ?hn sinh ca nA* Pyiculariaoryzaetn 8t bnh Ro >n ,laZ c$c bo tO nA* g s`t.

O$ch vi 3huLn *iG* ra *P : &nh. V^. Bnh h}o [anh 8i :h2EnRalstoniasolanix bnh bc ,$ ,la +Xanthomonas oryzae-.

Khoa Nng hc, Trng !i hc Nng nghi" H N#i #(


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C,./0 E' C,F/ ;=/ :4/, $

1' /, /0,l9

ChEn Ro$n bnh c , [$c R&nh chnh [$c ng2n nhn bnh.

' ~5i 3$ $,

Ti2 chNng 8 GA2 hi2 ?h;i Rc thA tn tAt c; c$c c b& bnh.

T$c nhn g bnh ?h;i Rc ?hn ,9? tk c bnh 8 n2>i cA tn *>i

tng hoWc nhi4* tn :L ch *n c;*. T$c nhn g bnh tk # Rc , nhi4* tn c :h0.

Ti2 chNng 8 GA2 hi2 tn c , nhi4* ?h;i ging nh c bnh ban R2+*Pc 1- 8 t$c nhn g bnh ?h;i ging nh 7 *Pc #

E' C=$ W,./0 W,=W $,F/ ;=/

E'1' C,F/ ;=/ `9 3e/ 3i45 $,>/0 :4/,

$nh ngh%a6 , ?hMng ?h$? chEn Ro$n GIa 8o c$c ti2 chNng RWc tngca bnh R thX hin a bn ngoi tn c hoWc bK ?h9n b& bnh.

i 8i 1 s bnh th 8ic chEn Ro$n th0o ti2 chNng bnh , *Kt ?hMng?h$? nhanh ch)ng 8 :h$ chnh [$c n2 bnh c) ti2 chNng RWc tng 8G2 nhAt +8 GP bnh chn ng!n ch2i Go 8i2s BBTV +banana b2nch to?8i2s--.

T2 nhinZ 8 nhi32 t$c nhn g bnh :h$c nha2 c) thX to a cng *Kt ti2chNng 8 *Kt t$c nhn g bnh c) thX to a nhi32 ti2 chNng :h$c nha2

t th2Kc ,oidging cZ chng t$c nhn g bnh 8 Ri32 :in ngoi c;nhnn tong nhi32 tng h?Z chEn Ro$n b\ng ti2 chNng At :h) hoWc :h>ngthX +8 GP bnh 8ng ,$ g00nning tn c c) *li-

E'' C,F/ ;=/ `9 3e/ R5 ,i45 :4/, \iwS 39 i @i/, a3 0 :4/, 3e/$]

$nh ngh%a6 , ?hMng ?h$? :iX* ta tIc ti? 8i sinh 89t g bnh tk *>bnh :h>ng U2a n2>i cA nhn to. /hMng ?h$? thng ?h;i sO GPng :nhhiXn 8i.

2 RiX*6 Dhanhx RMn gi;nZ c) thX cho :t U2; chnh [$c

Khoa Nng hc, Trng !i hc Nng nghi" H N#i #


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Dhc6

/h;i Rc thIc hin tong ?h]ng th nghi*Z ?h;i c) thit b& +:nh hiXn 8iZh)a chAt-

Dhi32 tng h? :h>ng U2an s$t thA 8s8. F2 ?h;i cn RX E* +8G tong

hK? /0ti- RX thlc RE VSV g bnh hnh thnh cA2 tlc c) thX U2an s$tRc. Vic RX E* c) thX thlc RE sI ?h$t tiXn ca c$c VSV hoi sinh.

i 8i bnh 8i2sZ *2 ?h;i [O ,L RWc bit RX U2an s$t Gi :nh hiXn 8iRin tO

Dhi32 tng h?Z tn 8t bnh c) nhi32 t$c nhn g bnh :h$c nha2Gn ti :h) R$nh gi$.

Dhi32 tng h?Z t$c nhn g bnh t=n ti tong *> nn ?h;i nh2K* *>*i c) thX U2an s$t Rc.

E'E' C,F/ ;=/ `9 3e/ W,/ % /5oi $R 3=$ /,/ 0 :4/, W,./0 W,=W@i/, ,d$]

$nh ngh%a6 , chEn Ro$n GIa ch 2 8o 8ic ?hn , n2>i cA t$c nhng bnh tn *>i tng nhn to. Thng $? GPng cho bnh nA* 8 8i:h2En. th29t thng sO GPng , : th29t cA *> bnh hoWc : th29t ?ha,ong.

i 8i 8ic chEn Ro$n bnh 7 ht ging ngoi ?hMng ?h$? OaZ , t* RX

U2an s$t ?h$t hin Gi :nh hiXn 8i c]n c) thX Gng ?hMng ?h$? gi0o c$ch, RX cng thX n2>i cA Rc nn ngi ta c) thX Gng?hMng ?h$? c ch th& RX chEn Ro$n. C ch th& , c *n c;* 8 to ati2 chNng RWc tng Ri 8i *Kt ,oi 8i2s nhAt R&nh.

2 RiX*6

TMng Ri RMn gi;n

Cho ?h}? ?hn ,9? th2n :hit t$c nhn g bnh.

Dhc RiX*6

Tong nhi32 tng h?Z :hi ?hn ,9? t$c nhn g bnh tn *>i tngnhn toZ ngi ta c) thX b`t gW? nhi32 ,oi 8i sinh 89t :h$c nha2. XchEn Ro$n chnh [$cZ ?h;i t2n th0o U2i t`c och.

FKt s ,oi t$c nhn :L sinh ch2n tnh +8 GP nA* g s`tZ ?hAn t`ng-:h>ng thX n2>i cA tn *>i tng nhn to Rc

Khoa Nng hc, Trng !i hc Nng nghi" H N#i #


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E'' C,F/ ;=/ `9 3e/ ,5


28/145


Th0o R&nh ngh'a tnZ G&ch bnh :h>ng c) ngh'a , biX2 th& *Nc RK bnh caohoWc ,an t23n Kng. FKt G&ch bnh c) thX GMng n2 *Nc RK bnh tng chnh [$c ch *Kt *Kt bnh ,an t23nKng hoWc ?h$t tiXn nhanh ch)ng hoWc c) *Nc RK bnh cao.

FKt s th29t ng5 ,in U2an :h$c bao g=*6

D$, i4/ /0+?anG0*ic- , G&ch bnh [; a tn *Kt Gin tch ,nZ 8GP *Kt ,Pc R&a hoWc ton c2.

D$, $RW 3p/, o2tb0a:- , G&ch bnh [; a bAt thnh ,nhZ thng tnU2i *> nh.

D$, S/ 3p/,+0nG0*ic- , G&ch bnh [; a nhng *Nc RK bnh :h>ngtha Ri.

Dghin cN2 G&ch bnh :X c; c$c 2 t ;nh h7ng Rc g!i , $, :4/, ,d$+0?iG0*io,og-. ^&ch bnh h!c nghin cN2 R=ng thi U2n thX t$c nhn g

bnh 8 :L ch ca n) :hi chlng [2At hin tong *Kt *>i tng ,in U2an+tNc , ta* gi$c bnh-. ^&ch bnh h!cZ t2 nhinZ c~ng ?h;i gi;i thch c$c 2t h52 sinh 8 8> sinh :h$cZ chmng hn *Kt *>i tng b& ;nh h7ng *nh

b7i c$c hot RKng ca con ngiZ RWc bit :hi n) ,in U2an Rn c$c bin ?h$?U2;n ,L bnh.

^&ch bnh cZ [2At hin hng ni :hiZ *Kt s 8P G&ch 8t :hit* :iX* so$tZ t7 ,n ,an t23n At Kng hoWc nghi* t!ng tn *Kt ,oic no R).


Bnh

Thi gian

Hnh 1. Kng th$i tha Ri bnh c th0o thi gian +t$i- 8 :h>ng gian +?h;i-

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29/145


1'' N05r/ :4/, i/$5%5S]

$nh ngh%a. Dg2=n bnh , t$c nhn g bnh ha bAt cN ?hn ca t$c nhng bnh c) thX nhi4* bnh.

Dg2=n bnh ca nA*6 , si nA*Z c$c ,oi bo tO +8> tnhZ h52 tnhZ bo tO

hnh thnh tk si nA* nh bo tO h92-Z hch nA*. Dg2=n bnh ca 8i :h2En6 , t bo 8i :h2En ng2n 8n

Dg2=n bnh ca 8i2s6 , ?hn tO 8i2s ng2n 8n +chl L 80cto *ang 8i2s-

Dg2=n bnh ca t2n tng6 c$ thX t2n tng hoWc tNng.

1'E' N05r/ :4/, @. $RW 3,> $RW WiS9@X$/9 i/$5%5S]

NguUn &0nh cI", ng2=n bnh nhi4* bnh tn c 8o R2 8P t=ng+g!i , sI nhi4* bnh sM cA?-.

NguUn &nh *hV cI", ng2=n bnh hnh thnh tk sI nhi4* bnh sM cA? 8to a sI nhi4* bnh thN cA?. Dg2=n bnh thN cA?Z thng hnh thnh 8oc2i 8PZ t=n ti U2a thi gian ch2Xn 8P RX t7 thnh ng2=n bnh sM cA? 8Pti Rc g!i , Gng b;o t=nZ c) thX t=n ti tong RAtZ tn G c bnhZ c :Lch ?hPZ 80cto t23n bnhZ 89t ,i2 ging +htZ c ho*...-.

1'' T9S 0i=$ :4/, i@X9@X 3i9/05%9]

Bnh hnh thnh 8 ?h$t tiXn nh sI tMng t$c gi5a *2c nh'n g' &0nh8

c 3/ chMGi ;nh h7ng ca :i *rng. Fi U2an h gi5a % thnh ?hnbnh c) thX Rc biX2 Gi4n b\ng *Kt hnh ta* gi$c g!i , ta* gi$c bnh +hnh#-. Chi32 Gi *fi cnh ca ta* gi$c RWc tng cho tng c$c Ri32 :in ca *fithnh ?hn th29n ,i cho sI hnh thnh 8 ?h$t tiXn ca bnh. ^in tch ca ta*gi$c RWc tng cho s ,ng bnh c) thX Ro Rc nh t , bnh hoWc ch s

bnh.


$,8

Tng c$c Ri32 :inth29n ,i cho tnh

*n c;* ca :L ch

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[2At hin 8 ?h$t tiXn

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30/145


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Bnh 8 G&ch bnh , *Kt U2$ tnh RKng. ^o 89Z ngoi % thnh ?hn cata* gi$c bnh th thi gian +c; thi RiX* 8 thi ,ng- c~ng R)ng 8ai t] U2ant!ng Ri 8i sI hnh thnh 8 ?h$t tiXn ca bnh c~ng nh G&ch bnh. Thigian c) thX ;nh h7ng ti *Kt hoWc tAt c; % thnh ?hn bnhZ chmng hn c :L

ch ch *n c;* 8o *Kt giai Ron no R) ca nn can thi? 8o bnh 8 G&ch bnh b\ng c$ch Ri32 :hiXnthi gian +tha Ri ,&ch t=ng...-Z :L ch +to tnh :h$ng...-Z *>i tng +: th29tcanh t$c...- 8 t$c nhn g bnh +?h]ng chng...-. SI tMng t$c 8 *i U2an hca c; thnh ?hn tn c) thX Rc biX2 Gi4n b\ng *Kt hnh tN Gin g!i , tNGin bnh ha hnh th$? bnh +hnh %- 8i R$ , ta* gi$c bnhZ Rng thmng[2n t* , thi gian 8 Rnh , con ngi. B\ng c$ch nZ con ngi c) thX:iX* so$t Rc tAt c; ( thnh ?hn c]n ,i.

1'Q' C,5 \ :4/, i@X9@X $$%X]

i 8i tAt c; c$c bnh t23n nhi4*Z chu 3W &nh :#* chuXi c2c 3in(ri0ng &i* hoJc gi "h2* *rin v*Un *!i cMa &nh v *2c nh'n g' &nh. Ch2 :e bnh ,in U2an ti sI thaRi ca c :L ch 8 t$c nhn g bnh c~ng nh ni :t c$c thi :e tong*Kt 8P t=ng 8 tk 8P n sang 8P :h$c +hnh (-.

Cn ?hn bit :h$i ni* $,5 \ :4/,8i $,5 \ yS /,igS+8]ng Ri-.Ch2 :e [* nhi4* , sI ,W? ,i sI nhi4* bnh ca ng2=n bnh. FWc G R>i:hi :h$i ni* ch2 :e bnh Rc hiX2 th0o ngh'a ch2 :e [* nhi4* nhng

hai :h$i ni* n hon ton :h$c nha2. Tong :hi ch2 :e [* nhi4* ,inU2an ch 2 ti b;n thn t$c nhn g bnh th ch2 :e bnh ,in U2an ti sI


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31/145


[2At hinZ ?h$t tiXn 8 t=n ti ca bnh nh , *Kt h* ca t$c nhn gbnh. T/0 S3 # 3r/0 $, $m S3 $,5 \ :4/, /,/0 3/0 S3 $,5\ :4/, $m 3,w $m R3 /,in5 $,5 \ yS /,igS +8 GP RiXn hnh , sInhi4* bnh thN cA? +,W? ,i- ca bnh Ro >n ,la ha bnh *c sMng cch2aZ :hoai t-.

M3 @Z @` \i4/U

TiG" Zc 3h nhi[:+inoc2,ation-6 j sI ti? [lc R2 tin ca ng2=n bnh ti 8&t c) thX nhi4* bnh.

D': nh\"+?0n0tation-6 SI [* nh9? ca t$c nhn g bnh 8o c. SI [*h9? n c) thX ch RKng +tI [2n thng biX2 b- hoWc thP RKng.

NRS $,8 ;/0 ,v$ 3,# ;/0]

- TIc ti? +ch RKng b\ng ,Ic cM h!c 8 0n*-6 bo tO n; ** thnh ng**x ng ** sz hnh thnh *Kt cA2 tlc RWc bit g!i , gi$c b$* +8]i b$*Z8]i $?Z R'a $?- 8 to a ti? R [* nh9? +8]i [* nh9?Z *)c [* nh9?-[2n U2a b3 *Wt :L ch +8 GP nA*P. infestans-

- _2a ,f *7 tI nhin +thP RKng-6 :h :hngZ th :hngZ b :hng +bo tO nA*

CercosporaZ g s`t-


_2a 8P+ng ngh-

Dhi4* bnh

Sinh t7ngdsinh s;nZhnh thnh ti2

chNngdGA2 hi2 8ng2=n bnh thN cA?

* nh9?

/h$t t$n ng2=n bnh thN cA?

^ng b;o t=nng2=n bnh

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Ti? [lc:h; nhi4*

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32/145


- _2a c$c 8t thMng cM giiZ c$c 8t nNt tI nhin +thP RKng- gi5a 4 bn 8 4chnh +8 GP nA*;. o(ysporumg bnh h}o 2sai2* c ch2aZ :hoai t-.

Vi5@ ,/ 3/ 3,# ;/0]

- _2a 8t thMng cM gii6 8i2s tk ,$ bnh [* nh9? 8o ,$ :h0 nh c! [$t to

8t thMng.- _2a *>i gii6 *>i gii t23n bnh chch n? 8i2s tk c bnh =i t23n

tIc ti? sang c :h0

Vi \,5F/ ,/ 3/ 3,# ;/0]

- Vi :h2En [* nh9? 8o c U2a c$c 8t thMng [ [$tZ hoWc c$c ,f h7 tInhin +:h :hngZ th :hng-Z *`t c

T5 8 Gn ti ti2 chNngdGA2 hi2.

Thi 3W M &nh (incu&a*ion "-rio+), thi gian tk :hi t$c nhn ti? [lc :h;nhi4* ti :hi biX2 hin ti2 chNng R2 tin.

' P,/ %hi $, :4/,

'1' Tp/, $,5 \ $89 $, :4/,

Dh R tnh b tong ?hn ch2 :e bnhZ G&ch bnh c c) tnh ch2 :e. C$cch2 :e bnh ,W? ,i sI ?h$t tiXn ca t$c nhn g bnh tong *i U2an h 8i*>i tng 8 c :L ch. Dg2=n bnh [* nh9? 8o c :L chZ g bnh 8hnh thnh ng2=n bnh *i 8 c) thX ti? tPc *Kt U2$ tnh ?h$t t$nZ [* nh9?8 g bnh *i. SI ,W? ,i ch2 :e bnh c~ng chnh , sI ,W? ,i G&ch. ^Ia th0otnh ch2 :eZ c) c$c ,oi G&ch bnh sa26

'' D$, :4/, ;./ $,5 \

''1 ,=i /i4S

C$c t$c nhn g bnh ch to a S3ch2 :e nhi4* bnh tn *Kt 8P t=ngRc g!i , c$c *2c nh'n g' &nh 5n chu 3W (:onocc- "a*hog-n) .Bnh Go chlng g a g!i , &nh 5n chu 3W (:onocc- +i-a-)8 G&ch

bnh Go chlng g a g!i , +$ch &nh 5n chu 3W (:onocc- -"i+-:ic)+hnh-. ^&ch bnh RMn ch2 tnh c) RWc RiX* , bnh 8 G&ch bnh hnhthnh ch tk ng2=n bnh sM cA?. T$c nhn g bnh 8n c) thX hnh thnhng2=n bnh tn hoWc tong c nhng :h>ng to a sI nhi4* bnh *i tong8P t=ng. FKt tong nh5ng ,L Go , NguUn &nh vYn 5^c h_nh *hnhnhng 3hng `n ng cho nhi[: &nh .Dhi32 t$c nhn g bnh /,mS

/RS ;R3Z RWc bit , c$c bnh g h}o *ch Gn to a c$c G&ch bnh RMnch2 :e. VG. bnh h}o 2sai2* +;. o(ysporum |. s?. ,co?0sici- hi c ch2a.

Khoa Nng hc, Trng !i hc Nng nghi" H N#i %#


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Bo tO nA* t=n ti tong RAt. hi bng Rc gi;i ?h)ng a ngoi tong 8P t=ng * ch c) thX Rcgi;i ?h)ng a tn tn G c bnh b& ?hn h sa2 th2 hoch 8 ti? tPc t=n

ti tong RAtZ t7 thnh ng2=n bnh sM cA? +8 G2 nhAt- cho 8P t=ng ti.

'E' D$, :4/, ;9 $,5 \

C$c t$c nhn g bnh to a /,in5ch2 :e nhi4* bnh +[* nhi4* ,W? ,i-tn *Kt 8P t=ng Rc g!i , c$c *2c nh'n g' &nh 5a chu 3W ("occ-

"a*hog-n). Bnh Go chlng g a g!i , &nh 5a chu 3W ("occ- +i-a-)8 G&ch bnh Go chlng g a g!i , +$ch &nh 5a chu 3W ("occ--"i+-:ic)+hnh -. ^&ch bnh Ra ch2 :e c) *Kt s RWc RiX* sa26

i 8i G&ch bnh Ra ch2 :eZ sI nhi4* bnh R2 8P +nhi4* bnh sM cA?- ,b7i ng2=n bnh sM cA?. Tong 8P t=ngZ ng2=n bnh thN cA? ,in tPc hnhthnhZ ?h$t t$n 8 g a nhi32 Ri nhi4* bnh thN cA?. C$c G&ch bnh Ra

ch2 :e thng to a c$c 8P G&ch cA? tnh n2 c$c Ri32 :in ngoi c;nh 8 :Lch th29n ,i. FKt s 8 GP RiXn hnh 83 c$c ,oi bnh 8 G&ch bnh Ra ch2 :e,6

Bnh :


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FKt ch2 :e nhi4* bnh Ro >n ti =ng b\ng S>ng CO2 ,ong c) thi gian:ho;ng # t2n.

FWc G 7 bnh RMn ch2 :eZ cng RK bnh c) thX At caoZ tMng tI nh Ri8i bnh Ra ch2 :e nhng 83 :ha cnh RKng th$i bnhZ chlng :h$c [a nha2.i32 n Gn ti sI :h$c nha2 83 *> hnh G&ch bnh 8 c2i cng , chin,c :iX* so$t.

'' D$, :4/, ,/ ,cW

h>ng ?h;i tAt c; c$c G&ch bnh R32 c) thX ?hn bit ng , RMn ch2 :eha Ra ch2 :e. i 8i *Kt s bnh nA* c) thX t=n ti c; # ?ha G&ch bnh

RMn ch2 :e 8 Ra ch2 :e. Hai ?ha n c) thX ing bit hoWc [2At hin R=ngthi.

V GP6 Bnh gh t$o +@enturia inae?ualis-. DA* to bo tO tli tn tn G ,$bnh U2a R>ng. Vo *a [2nZ bo tO tli Rc gi;i ?h)ng tong 8]ng 1Z Rn# th$ng 8 [* nhi4* 8o ,$ *i *!c. V bo tO tli :h>ng hnh thnh ti?tn ,$ cho ti *a [2n n


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'J' D$, :4/, ;9 # W%X3i$ XWiXSi$]

Dhn ch2ngZ 7 8ng >n RiZ thng ch c) *Kt 8P t=ng tong *Kt n


36/145


tnh +Mycosphaerella fiAiensis-. C; # ,oi bo tO R32 R)ng 8ai t] tong G&chbnh. T2 nhinZ bo tO ?hn sinh hnh thnh t hMn nhi32 8 ?h$t t$n ch2 nh gi!t nc *a b`n t)0. T$i ,iZ bo tO tli hnh thnh nhi32 hMnnhi32 8 ch&2 t$ch nhi* ,an t23n bnh U2a :ho;ng c$ch [a Go ?h$t t$nnh gi) +:ho;ng 8i t tnh g a G&ch bnhZ nhng th>ng thng hMnZ:iX* so$t Rc G&ch bnh nh $? GPng c$c bin ?h$? ?h]ng chng thch h? +tNgi$c bnh-.


Hnh Y. Ch2 :e bnh Sigato:a R0n

%


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E'1' C=$ $ ; \,=/0 ,9 S/ $bS i 35n/'

C :L ch chng ,i t$c nhn g bnh nh biX2 hin ca tnh :h$ng Go :iX2g0n ca :L ch U2i R&nh.T1nh 3h2ng+0sistanc0- , :h; n


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E'1' M>$ ; ;r/0 /,R3 i 35n/'

hi c$c c :L ch R=ng nhAt 83 *Wt Gi t23nZ RWc bit :hi [}t ti c$c g0n:h$ng bnhZ Rc t=ng tn *Kt Gin tch ,nZ th sz c) *Kt :h; nng c$c c :L chnZ Gn ti *Kt 8P G&ch. ^o R=ng nhAt 83 Gi t23nZ tc RK ?h$t tiXn G&ch

bnh cao nhAtZ nhn ch2ngZ b`t gW? 7 c$c c t=ng nhn ging 8> tnh +VG:hoai tZ *a-x tc RK t2ng bnh b`t gW? 7 c$c c t=ng tI thP +VG,c-x 8 tc RK thA? nhAt b`t gW? 7 c$c c giao ?hAn +VG ng>-. i32 na

gi;i thch ti sao h2 ht c$c G&ch bnh tn c$c U2n thX thIc 89t tI nhinZ8n c) :iX2 g0n At :h>ng R=ng nhAtZ ,i ?h$t tiXn :h$ ch9*.

Tong t=ng t!tZ ngi ta c) thX ,* gi;* sI ?h$t tiXn ca G&ch bnh b\ngc$ch to a sI Ra Gng Gi t23n ca *Kt ,oi c t=ng. /hMng ?h$? RMngi;n nhAt RX to a sI Ra Gng n , hfn h? ging +c2,ti8a *i[t20-. Hfnh? ging , hfn h? c$c ging c) c$c RWc RiX* :h$c nha2 :X c; tnh :h$ng

bnh nhng tMng tI nha2 83 c$c RWc tng n>ng h!c nh thi gian sinht7ngZ ?h$t tiXnZ chAt ,ng 8 hnh Gng ht...Hfn h? ging :h>ng chnghon ton Rc bnh nhng ,* gi;* R$ng :X tc RK ?h$t tiXn bnh nh (

cM ch6+i- ho;ng c$ch gi5a c$c c *n c;* tng RKc g a.

+i8- Tha Ri 8i :h h92 th0o hng bAt ,i cho bnh. VG. tong *Kt thnghi* hfn h? ging gi5a 1 ging ,la n? +*n c;* 8i nA* Ro >nZ c)chi32 cao cao hMn %(" c*- 8 1 ging ,la tZ s ng 8i E* RK 1"" 8oY gi s$ng tn 2Kng th nghi* R gi;* tk #" ng [2ng c]n :ho;ng #

ng 8 Gin tch ,$ ,la n? b& ?h sMng R gi;* tk Y( [2ng % tU2; , t , bnh tn ging ,la n? R gi;* ".

E'1'E Lhi $ 3r/0

Dhn ch2ngZ Ri 8i bnh hi c hng nZ ,laZ a2Z b>ng...- hoWc bnhhi ,$Z hoaZ U2; c thn gfZ th G&ch bnh ?h$t tiXn nhanhZ thng tong:ho;ng 8i t2n. T$i ,iZ Ri 8i bnh hi thnZ cnh c than gf ,2 n


39/145


E'1' T5ti $

C tha Ri ?h;n Nng +*n c;* ha :h$ng- 8i bnh th0o t2i. SI tha Ritnh :h$ng th0o t2i Rc g!i , tnh :h$ng giai Ron +ontog0nic 0sistanc0-.

i 8i *Kt s bnhZ 8 GP bnh cht ? c con +Go Pythium-Z sMng *aiZ

[o


40/145


E'' C=$ $ ; ;$' T$c nhn g bnh RKc c) :h; nng g bnh. T1nh 5#c+8i2,0nc0d8i2,0nt-6 , *Nc RK ca tnh g bnh. , :h$i ni* s ,ngc) ngh'a *Kt t$c nhn c) tnh g bnh 8i *Nc RK RKc :h$c nha2.

E'' Lc/0 /05r/ :4/,' S ,ng ng2=n bnh gn c :L ch cng ,n th ,ng ng2=n bnh ti? [lc

8i :L ch cng nhi32 8 cng s*Z Go 89 t


41/145


FKt s ,oi nA*Z 8i :h2En 8 8i2s c) ch2 :e sinh s;n ng`n 8 Go R) , c$c3=$ /,/ 0 :4/, ;9 $,5 3_/,+?o,cc,ic ?athog0ns-Z c) ngh'a chlng c)thX to nhi32 th h tong *Kt *a 8P. C$c t$c nhn g bnh Ra ch2 tnhZ

bao g=* c$c nA* g bnh g s`tZ sMng *aiZ R* ,$ , ng2n nhn ca h2ht c$c 8P G&ch bAt thnh ,nh 8 th;* :hc tn th gii.

FKt s ,oi nA* ,an t23n U2a RAtZ 8 GP;usarium !F @erticillium,8 h2ht c$c ,oi t2n tng thng to *Kt hoWc *Kt 8i +,n ti (- ch2 :e sinhs;n U2a *Kt *a 8P. i 8i nh)* t$c nhn g bnh nZ s ,ng con ch$2tZ 8 RWc bitZ :iX2 ?h$t t$n ng2=n bnh R hn ch :h; n


42/145


E''J iw5 %9/ 35n/ $89 3=$ /,/ 0 :4/,

Dg2=n bnh ca t$c nhn g bnh c) thX ,an t23n nh gi)Z nc tiZnc *aZ RAtZ 80cto t23n bnh 8 c$c hot RKng canh t$c ca con ngi. C$c:iX2 ,an t23n n ;nh h7ng ,n ti tc RK ?h$t tiXn th0o thi gian 8 :h>nggian ca G&ch bnh.

Nh gi4. Dg2=n bnh +thng , bo tO- ca c$c t$c nhn g bnh nh)*t23n U2a :h>ng :hZ chmng hn nh)* nA* g bnh g s`tZ sMng *aiZ ?hAnt`ngZ nhi32 bnh R* ,$Z c) thX G4 Gng gi;i ?h)ng a :h>ng :h 8 nh gi)

?h$t t$n U2a c$c :ho;ng c$ch tk 8i c* ti nhi32 :*.

Nh v-c*or. , :iX2 ?h$t t$n ch 2 ca 8i2sZ ca 8i :h2En bit GQng+|astiGio2s bact0ia- nh 8i :h2En Candidatus li*ero*acter asiaticus g

bnh g00ning +t23n b\ng chng c$nhGiaphorina citri-Z 8i :h2En thi28$ch +*o,,ic2t ?hto?,as*aZ s?io?,as*a- nh +ugarcane


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ti t$c nhn g bnh +:h; n


44/145


/hn ,n nA* +8 8i :h2En- hi ?hn c tn *Wt RAt 2 c2 c) *ng ncRX [* nhi4* th bo tO ca nA* ?hAn t`ng c) thX n; **Z [* nh9? 8g bnh :hi ch cn E* RK :h>ng :h cao. T2 nhinZ Ri 8i nA* ?hAnt`ngZ n2 b3 *Wt ,$ b& tZ sI n; ** bo tO 8 nhi4* bnh sz gi;*. i8i *Kt s ,oi nA* ?hAn t`ngZ sI nhi4* bnh *nh nhAt :hi RK E* tMng

Ri thA? +" J"-. i 8i c$c bnh hi ?hn c Gi hoWc gi$? *Wt RAtZ cng RK bnh t ,

th29n 8i h* ,ng nc tong RAt 8 cao nhAt :hi nc bo h]a. Dctong RAt ch 2 ;nh h7ng Rn sI sinh s;n 8 Gi ch2Xn ca ng2=n bnh+8G RKng bo tO nA*Phytophthora, Pythium-. H* ,ng nc tong RAtt


45/145


1' C=$ /05e/ % u5b/ % :4/, ,i4/ ;hi

1'1' C=$ $,ii tng :h>ng th29n ,i

cho sI nhi4* bnh Lhi 3 /05r/ :4/,+[c,2sion-6 gi;* ,ng ng2=n bnh Rc Ra 8o tk

nMi :h$c

Tie5 ,8 /05r/ :4/, +aGication-6 gi;* sI hnh thnh ng2=n bnh banR2 b\ng c$ch ti2 h hoWc bAt hot ng2=n bnh ban R2 +VG6 8 sinh R=ng2KngZ ,oi b ng2=n gc ?h$t sinh ng2=n bnhZ ,oi b :L ch ?hP -

Bb 4 $+/ot0ction-6 gi;* *Nc RK ng2=n bnh ban G2 b\ng th2c h)ah!c hoi cA *> RX to 89t,i2 ging sch bnh Rc chNng nh9n.

1'' C=$ $,ing th29n ,i cho bnh

Lhi 3 :4/,+[c,2sion-6 gi;* 8ic Ra ng2=n bnh *i tk ng2=n bnhngoi tong 8P t=ng

Tie5 ,8 :4/,+aGication-6 gi;* tc RK hnh thnh ng2=n bnh tong s2t8P t=ng b\ng c$ch ti2 h c bnh ha bAt hot ng2=n bnh thN cA?.

Bb 4 $+/ot0ction-6 gi;* tc RK [* nhi4* b\ng th2c h)a h!c hoWctMng tI.

,=/0 :4/,+u0sistanc0-6 Gng c$c ging c t=ng c) :h; n


46/145


Lhi 3 /05r/ :4/,+[c,2sion-6 ,* ch9* 8ic Ra ng2=n bnh tk bnngoi b\ng :iX* G&ch

' M3 @Z :i4/ W,=W $# 3,w

'1' Bi4/ W,=W @q #/0 0iZ/0 $,Z/0 :4/, 0iZ/0 @h$, :4/,

Ch!n to c$c ging chng *Kt ,oi bnh hoWc chng *Kt nh)* bnh c) t$cGPng gi;i U2t c


47/145


C;i thin h VSV RAt ,* c sinh t7ng tt Gn ti tng g> nhi4* *>i tng. T2 nhinZ bin ?h$? n *Wc G Rc nghin cN2nhi32 nhng hin ch c) *Kt s t 8i sinh 89t Ri :h$ng c) :h; nrichoderma.T$c nhn n c) thX Rc sO GPng RX tk nhi32 ,oi nA* RAt nh

Rhizoctonia, +clerotium.

'' Bi4/ W,=W $. % ,d$

Bao g=* ch!n ,!c ht ging ttZ nh b c bnhZ c`t b cnh ,$ b& bnhZ nhb c :L ch ?hPZ [O ,L ht ging b\ng nhit RK +""C tong 1Y #" ?hlt-Z:hO tng RAt b\ng hMi n)ngZ nc n)ngZ $nh n`ngZ tia tO ngoi.

'J' Bi4/ W,=W \iwS $, 3,`$ a3 Bin ?h$? :iX* G&ch thIc 89t c) 8ai t] U2an t!ng nh\* ?h$t hinZ ng


48/145


C) thX $? GPng Rc 7 nhi32 8ng :h$c nha2.

'Q'E N,c$ ;iwS'Vic ,* GPng th2c h)a h!c c) thX g c$c h92 U2; sa2

Th2c h)a h!c sO GPng tn U2i *> ,n c) thX g *At cn b\ng sinh th$i.

nh h7ng Rn sinh 89t c) ch Hnh thnh tnh :h$ng th2c

To U2n thX G&ch hi *i

nhi4* *>i tng

^ ,ng th2c tong n>ng s;n c) thX g ng2 hiX* cho ngi 8 RKng 89t

Dgoi aZ hi2 U2; sO GPng th2c c]n ?hP th2Kc 8o Ri32 :in thi titZ c$chsO GPng.

C) thX ,* tng thX h=i ?hPc Gn ti cht

@i6u ^ng +>i i6u g' chG*, ,i32 ,ng g a sI bin Ri chNc n


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O ^ng *hung s;n.

Thi gian c2ch 6 j thi gian tnh tk ng c t=ng hoWc s;n ?hE* Rc[O ,L th2c ,n c2i cng cho Rn ng Rc th2 hoch n>ng s;n ,* ,MngthIc thIc ?hE* * :h>ng tn hi Rn cM thX.

'Q'J P,/ %hi 3,5Z$ 3 :4/,

Th-o 5


50/145


Th-o *1nh chn c 5i *2c nh'n g' &nh("h *2c 5#ng)

Th2c ch!n ,!c6 tk *Kt hoWc *Kt nh)* Ri tng c) U2an h gn g~i

Th2c :h>ng ch!n ,!c +th2c ?h Kng-6 tk nhi32 nh)* Ri tng :h$cnha2

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chnh Ri 8i G&ch hi. Th2c : th29t s;n [2At tk nh *$ thng chNa c)h* ,ng chAt hot RKng At cao +tn " -

C,R3 W,# 0i9U t2e th0o tkng Gng ch ?hE* th2c b;o 8 thIc 89t * chAt?hP gia c) thX , chAt RKnZ G2ng *>iZ chAt to nh~Z chAt tE* tZ chAt b$*GnhZ 8.8 c$c chAt n g)? ?hn ,* ,ong 8 c;i thin cM ,L tnh ca th2cZgil? th2c t;i R32 8 b$* Gnh tt tn b3 *Wt 89t :hi [O ,L th2c.

'Q' C=$ h/0 $,< W,FS 3,/0 ^/0U Th2c bKt thA* nc +/-Z 8 GP win0? Y"/

Th2c Gng :0* :h> +^-Z 8 GP ociG0 1Z(^x

Th2c Gng :0* nho +j-Z 8 GP v[ c,o2a R=ng #"jx

Th2c nh~ G2 +C-Z 8 GP Hinosan ("Cx

Th2c Gng ht +@-Z 8 GP itain 1"@x

Th2c Gng ,ng tan +j-Z 8 GP Va,iGacin %j.

^ng th2c ht +@- `c tIc ti? 8o 2Kng R E*Z c]n c$c Gng :h$c ?h;iho 8o nc RX ?h2n ,n c.

'Q'" P,./0 W,=W @q #/0 3,5Z$UC) nhi32 ?hMng ?h$? sO GPng th2c :h$c nha2 t2e th2Kc 8o Gng ch

?hE* th2cZ 8& t b;o t=n 8 [* nhi4* ca t$c nhn g bnhZ tng th$i 8giai Ron sinh t7ngZ ?h$t tiXn ca c.%. Rc *hu


51/145


I. hun ng9Gng *$ bM* c) $? s2At cao to a c$c gi!t nc th2c c)Rng :nh " 1"*.

J. hun :k9Gng c$c ,oi *$ bM* c) :h; n


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D=ng RK nc th2c Gng ?hP th2Kc 8o ,ng ch ?hE* 8 ,ng ncGngZ nh 89 cn tnh to$n RX cn hoWc Rong cho chnh [$c. ^ng ncsch RX ?ha th2cZ :h2A R32Z sa2 R) R nc th2c 8o bnh hoWc 8o *$RX ?h2n. T2 nhinZ tn bao b s;n ?hE* thMng *i tn th& tng hinnaZ ,i32 ,ng sO GPng thng Rc ghi , ,ng th2c thMng ?hE*d RMn 8&

Gin tch. Zng 3p *hu\*9

/h;i ?h2n ;i Rlng ,ng th2c U2 R&nh. Th2c ?h;i Rc ;iZ ?h2n R=ngR32 tn Gin tch hoWc tn b3 *Wt 89t ?h2n.

D2 [O ,L ging th2c ?h;i Rc tKn R32 8i ht ging hoWc bK ?h9n ,*ging +c gingZ ho* ging 8.8-

'Q'1!T,5Z$ 3 :4/, /RS i \,5F/]C chG *2c 5#ng cMa *hung ca VSVb\ng c$ch to a c$c ?h;n Nng :h$ng. FKt s h? chAt h)a h!c R Rc bit,* t* +a,i0tt0- 8 RWc bit ,Bion +to tnh :h$ng t9? nhi4* h thng-.

#. G ;$ 3`$ 3i cM sz ,* ngng tP :0o ng2n sinh chAtZ c$c h?chAt th2 ngn h52 cM sz :t h? 8i c$c ?hn tO a[it a*in tong t bo hoWca*i,aaZ ctoco*o[Gaa 8 h 0ni* c) chNa nh)* s2n|2hiGin Go R) c$cchNc n


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X ?ha 1"" ,t th2c BoocGo n=ng RK 1 cn tin hnh nh sa26 cn 1:gC2Sv(ho 8o Y" ,t nc +g!i , G2ng G&ch s2,|at R=ng ,ong-Z 1:g Cav hoWc1Z 1ZY:g Ca+vH-#ho 8o #" ,t nc +g!i , nc 8>i RWc-. tk tk G2ngG&ch R=ng ,ong 8o nc 8>i RWcZ 8ka R 8ka :h2A R32Z nc BoocGo c) *2[anhZ Gng giA Go ?H hoWc giA U2e RX Ro ?H nc th2cZ n2 ?H 7 *Nc t2ng

tnh ha hMi :i3* , Rc. C~ng c) thX Gng chic Rinh R Rc *2 s$ng +schg- nhlng 8o nc th2c1" 1 ?hltZ nhAc Rinh aZ n2 Rinh 8n c) *2 s$ng

bnh thng chNng t nc th2c 7 *Nc ?H t2ng tnh hoWc :i3*Z n2 tn Rinhc) *2 8ng [$* chNng t nc th2c c) ?H thA? +ch2a-Z ?h;i th* 8>i 8o RXRa ?H nc th2c 83 *Nc t2ng tnh hoWc hMi :i3*.

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v[c,o2a R=ng %C2+vH-#. C2C,# . H#v

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PH&N II' BNH CY CHYN HOA

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58/145


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J. h>ng c) Gi? ,PcZ cM thX G& GQng.

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Y. Sinh s;n to a bo tO.

C$c bo tO 8> tnh ch 2 ca nA* , bo tO b!c +S?oangios?o0-Z bo tORKng +woos?o0Z c) ,>ng oi- 8 bo tO ?hn sinh +ConiGi2*-Z Rc sinh a tkc$c cM U2an sinh s;n 8> tnh tMng Nng , b!c bo tO +S?oangi2*- 8 cnh

bo tO ?hn sinh +ConiGio?ho0-. Dh5ng ,oi bo tO n , ** bnh [*nhi4*Z , ,an tn R=ng 2Kng.

C$c bo tO h52 tnh ch 2 ca nA* , c$c ,oi bo tO tNng +vos?o0-Z botO ti? h? +wgos?o0-Z bo tO tli +scos?o0- 8 bo tO R;* +BasiGios?o0-Rc sinh a Go c$c cM U2an sinh s;n h52 tnh c) c$c giao tO RIc 8 c$i ?higiao 8i nha2. C$c ,oi bo tO h52 tnh c) sNc sng caoZ , Gng b;o t=n ,2Gi ca nA* tk nng hnh thnh cM U2an sinh s;n ing bit* bo tO hnh thnh tIc ti? tk si nA*. Hnh thNc sinh s;n n thng choc$c Gng bo tO sa26



60/145


Bo * h\u +ch,a*Gos?o0-6 j ,oi bo tO 8$ch GZ c) sNc ch&2 RIng 7c$c Ri32 :in :h h92 bAt ,i tong *Kt thi gian Gi. Dhi32 ,oi nA* g

bnh c U2an t!ng nh /hto?hthoaZ 2sai2*Z...to bo tO h92.

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bn tong cM U2an sinh s;nZ * ?hn bit hai hnh thNc sinh s;n 8> tnh nKi sinh8 ngoi sinh.

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Phytophthora sinh s;n 8> tnh to a b!c 8 bo tO RKng c) hai ,>ng oi.

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th$i At :h$c nha26 RMn boZ Ra boZ ?hn nh$nh hoWc :h>ng ?hn nh$nh.Cnh bo tO ?hn sinh c) thX *!c ing z hoWc thnh cP*x c) thX t9? h?thnh b) cnhZ thX n*x c) thX *!c tn 1 :t cA2 hnh R'a ,* tn b3 *Wt*> bnh g!i , R'a cnhx c) thX n\* tong *Kt :t cA2 hnh c2 c) ,f *7 g!i, U2; cnh.

E'E' ki/, @b/ ,f5 3p/, $89 /RSU

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E'E'1 ki/, @b/ ,f5 3p/, ;/0 0i9

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Ch2 :e :h>ng hon ton6 Thi2 giai Ron h52 tnh

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Dhit RK6 Dga tong nh5ng giai Ron R2 ca U2$ tnh [* nhi4* tNc ,giai Ron [* nh9? , bnh th nhit RK c) t$c GPng ;nh h7ng ti tc RKhon thnh giai Ron R) nhanh ha ch9*Z ti t , n; ** bo tO cao hathA?Z ti :iX2 n; ** ca bo tO. V 89 Ri 8i tkng ,oi bnh R32 c)nh5ng gii hn nhit RK ti thiX2Z nhit R>i thchZ nhit RK ti Ra Ri 8i sIn; ** bo tOZ sI [* nhi4* , bnh 8 ?h$t tiXn , ,an. T2 nhin c)nh5ng ,oi bnh At nh c;* 8i sI bin Ri ca nhit RK 8 E* RK nh bnhRo >n hi ,laZ bnh *c sMng c ch2a +#"## oC n; ** tIc ti? thnhng **x 1(1Y oC n; ** gi$n ti? thnh bo tO RKng-x nhng c~ng c)nh5ng ,oi bnh * ?h* 8i nhit RK thch Nng At Kng nh bnh ti* ,Oa,la.

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J'' Di/, s/0 \ @i/, $89 /RS

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bin 8ngZ Nc ch ?o,?h0no,o[Gas0 { *Kt 0ni* ,in U2an ti tnh :h$ngca :L ch.

Q' P,/ %hi /RS 0 :4/, $ 3,9S \,b]

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Hd A%:50i/9$X9X0 3/0]UB!c bo tO *!c thnh ch2fiC,i A%:509 w. can+i+a6 g bnh g t`ng c h! th9? tIxw. i"o:o-a-b

"an+ura*a-g bnh g t`ng :hoai ,angZ a2 *2ng.

B' N&M THT

GII NGI NRS 3,a3]

To h si +t;n nA*-. V$ch t bo chNa g,2can 8 chitin. h>ng c) ,Pc ,?.

1' N0/, C,3iiS$396 To RKng bo tO c) *Kt ,>ng oi

L2W C,3iiS$X3X@6 C) si nA* t]n hoWc Gi nhng thi2 8$ch ng.

C,i k/$,3i5SU]. -n+o&io*icu:g bnh 2 b2 :hoai t.

' N0/, 0S$39 /RS 3ing

Gi RKng tong b!c +s?oangi2*-. Bo tO h52 tnh , bo tO ti? h? +wgos?o0-hnh thnh Go sI :t h? gi5a # ?hi tO bo +ga*0t0- ging nha2 83 hnh th$i.

L2W 0S$X3X@+SZ$ :=/, S-6 hoi sinh hoWc :L sinh thIc 89tZ ngi 8RKng 89t

B M5$9%X@6 To bo tO 8> tnh , bo tO b!c hnh thnh tong b!c.

C,i ,iW5@ /RS SZ$ y=S]6 g *c 8 thi n>ng s;n.

C,i M5$+/RS SZ$ 3/0-6 g *c 8 thi n>ng s;n

C,i C,9/XW,96 C. cucur&i*aru:g bnh thi t Ga.



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E' N0/, A@$S$39 /RS 3}i-6 Sinh s;n h52 tnh b\ng bao RIc+nth0iGi2*- 8 bao c$i +scogoni2*- to Y bo tO tli +scos?o0- n\* :e/3/0 3}i+sc2s-. V3 cA2 tlcZ tli c) thX c) 1 hoWc # ,? 8$ch. Tli c) thX , 3}i3[/+:h>ng c) cA2 tlc b;o 8- hoWc n\* tong hoWc tn c$c :t cA2 g!i , u5b3,w+|2it boG-. C) % ,oi U2; thX6 ~5b 3,w \p/ +C,0istoth0ci2*-Z u5b 3,w S7

/0ith0ci2*] 8 u5b 3,w ;l9+?oth0ci2*-. hi sinh s;n 8> tnhZ nA* to botO 8> tnh , bo tO ?hn sinh +coniGi2*- hnh thnh tk cnh bo tO ?hn sinh+coniGio?ho0-. Cnh bo tO ?hn sinh *!c tIc ti? tn si nA* hoWc tong c$c:t cA2 RWc bit , U2; cnh +?cniGi2*- hoWc R'a cnh +ac082,2s-. Cnh bo tO

?hn sinh c~ng c) thX s`? [? thnh b) cnh +snn0*a- hoWc thX R*+s?ooGochi2*-.

L2W A$,i9@$S$X3X@6 , nh)* nA* Ra GngZ At :h) RWc tng

B T9W,i/9%X@U totli tn6 tli hnh thnh tk c$c t bo sinh tli # nhn.

C,i T9W,i/9 UT.+-"hor:an g bnh [ong b$*. H siZ bo tO ?hn sinh8 U2; thX :n n\* tn b3 *Wt :L ch. L sinh ch2n tnh.

C,i @iW,XU. cichorac-aru:g bnh ?hAn t`ng b2 bZ hoa clcx. "ogonig bnh ?hAn t`ng R92 RfZ c h! th9? tI.

C,i LXXi%%5%9U@. *auricag bnh ?hAn t`ng c ch2a

C,i kW,9X3,X$99 ]. "annoag bnh ?hAn t`ng hoa h=ng

C,i /$i/5%9UF. n-ca*org bnh ?hAn t`ng nho

C,i B%5SXi9UB. gra:inig bnh ?hAn t`ng c h! ho th;o

L2W PX/S$X3X@6 /hn ,n to U2; thX *7 +/0ith0ci2*-. Tli c) 1 ,?8$chx U2; thX *7 +R>i :hi , U2; thX :n- n\* tong tO to +sto*a-Z ch* tong:hi si nA* Ran :t :h>ng chWt hoWc hnh thnh tI Go.

B HW$X9%X@6 TO to *2 nht ti [anh b,2Z *2 ta hoWc *2 s$ng. Tlihnh o8a, hoWc tPZ c) *Kt ,f *7 7 Rnh . Bo tO tli hnh c2 ti hnh sixRMn hoWc Ra bo. Bo tO ?hn sinh 7 giai Ron sinh s;n 8> tnh thng hnhthnh tk thX bnh +?hia,iG0-

C,i HW$X96 *Kt s ,oi c) giai Ron 8> tnh , Tricho+-r:a 8

yioca+iu:

Khoa Nng hc, Trng !i hc Nng nghi" H N#i J


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C,i MX%9/@W96 giai Ron 8> tnh , hiao"hora 8 yona*o&o*rthng :L sinh nhi32 Chi nA* :h$c.

C,i NX$3i9UN. ha-:a*ococca +giai Ron 8> tnh , zuariu: oani-g bnh thi :h> c :hoai tZ thi gcZ 4 c ch2a.

C,i Gi::XX%%9U y. 8u{i3uroi +giai Ron 8> tnh , zuariu::oniior:-- g bnh ,la 8onZ *c h=ng ng>x y. t-a-+giai Ron 8> tnh, zuariu: gra:in-aru:- g thi b`? 8 thn ng>.

C,i C%9i$XW@U C. "ur"ur-ag bnh cIa g ,la *chZ to RKc t Ri 8ingi 8 RKng 89tx C. vir-n+giai Ron 8> tnh , F*iaginoi+-a vir-n-g bnh hoa clc ,la.

B Mi$9@$9%X@6 :h>ng c) tO to. a s c) U2; thX *7 nhng *Kt s c) U2;thX :n.Tli hnh c2 hoWc hnh tNngZ tI h RX gi;i ?h)ng bo tO tli. Bo tOtli RMn bo

C,i CX93$@3i@U C. 8i:&ria*a g bnh R* so R0n :hoai ,angx C."ara+oag bnh thi R0n *aZ GNa. @iai Ron 8> tnh ca Chi n ,Chaara

B P,%%9$,9%X@6 To U2; thX *7 tong tO to. Tli hnh th2>n ti hnh tP8i 1 ,f *7 7 Rnh. Bo tO tli c) nhi32 hnh GngZ :h>ng *2 hoWc *2 R9*

C,i G%SXX%%9U y. cingua*a +giai Ron 8> tnh , Co-*o*richu:go-o"orioi+-- g bnh th$n th nhi32 Chi c.

C,i P,%%9$,96. gra:inig bnh R* ,$ c g

B OW,i@3S939%X@6 To U2; thX *7 :h>ng c) ,>ng R*. Tli hnh c2 tihnh tNngZ tI h2 RX gi;i ?h)ng bo tO tli

C,i OW,i@3S96 x. u:ig bnh tn c G2

B Di9W3,9%X@6 _2; thX *7 n\* tong gi$ thX cA2 to tk si nA* 8 *> gi$thX hoWc cA2 to ch tk si nA* tn gi$ thX . Tli hnh tP c) ,f *7. Bo tO tliRMn bo hoWc Ra boZ :h>ng *2 hoWc *2 n2.

C,i Di9W3,X+giai Ron 8> tnh ,ho:o"i-6 O. ci*rig bnh :h>

cnh c c) *lixO. v-an g bnh thi U2; c t*.C,i M90/9W3,XU. gri-a+giai Ron 8> tnh ,ricuaria orta--g bnh Ro >n ,la

B %9i9%X@6 To U2; thX *7 *2 R*Z Gai ch`cZ cNngZ R>i :hi n\* ch*tong tO to. Tli hnh tP ti gn hnh c2. Bo tO tli RMn hoWc Ra boZ :h>ng*2 hoWc *2 R9*

C,i @X%i/9UR. n-ca*rig thi 4 nhi32 c


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L2W L$5%9@$S$X3X@+3h u5b 3,w S7 0ib]UTli hnh thnh bn tong c$c:hoang ca tO to. C$c :hoang n g!i , U2; thX *7 gi; +?s02Goth0ci2*-. Tlic) # ,? 8$ch.

B D3,iX9%X@6 c$c :hoang +U2; thX gi;- thi2 ,>ng R*. Tli hnh tNng tihnh tP *!c thnh b). Bo tO tli RMn hoWc Ra bo.

C,i M$@W,9XX%%9 giai Ron 8> tnh , C-rco"ora, ]-"*oria) U.:uicoa, . 8i{i-nig bnh R* ,$ Sigato:a tn ch2i.

C,i %@i/X+giai Ron 8> tnh ,]"hac-o:a-6. 8a|c-**ig bnh gh+so- c c) *liZ. &a*a*a g bnh gh :hoai ,ang.

B C9W/i9%X@6 _2; thX gi; hnh thnh tong t;n nA* tha *2 R9* tn b3*Wt :L ch

C,i C9W/i5S6 C. ci*rig bnh *2Ki R0n c c) *li

B P%X@W9%X@6 _2; thX gi; chNa nhi32 ,>ng R* bao U2anh tli.C,i C$,%i:%5@+giai Ron 8> tnh ,Bi"oari ,v$ Curvuaria- gR* ,$ 8 thi 4 c h! ho th;o

C,i PX/W,9+giai Ron 8> tnh ,Or--ra- g R* ,$ c h! hoth;o.

C,i kX3@W,9X9+giai Ron 8> tnh ,-rohiu:- g R* ,$ c h!ho th;o.

C,i P%X@W9+giai Ron 8> tnh ,]*-:"hiu:)

C,i LXW3@W,9Xi9+giai Ron 8> tnh ,ho:a-

C,i VX/35i9+giai Ron 8> tnh ,]"ioca-a-6 }. ina-quai g bnhgh t$o.

C,i G5i0/9i9+giai Ron 8> tnh ,ho*ic*a-6 y. :ua-g bnhR* tn nhang ch2i.

L2W Di@$S$X3X@+Th u5b 3,w ;l9-6 Tli hnh thnh tn U2; thX hnh ch;oZch}nZ n* g!i , U2; thX R'a +?oth0ci2*-. Tli c) 1 ,? 8$chZ hnh tP hoWchnh tNngZ thng [0n :z 8i ,>ng R*. Bo tO tli gi;i ?h)ng nh $? ,Ic bntong tli.

B ,@3iS9%X@6 _2; thX hnh R'aZ c2 hoWc thon Gi *2 R0n hnh thnhtong tO to. Bo tO tli :h>ng *2 hoWc n2Z hnh tNng ti hnh si.

C,i ,@3iS9UR. ac-rianu:g R* ,$ c thch

C,i HWXS9g R* ,$ th>ng

B HX%3i9%X@6 _2; thX hnh cc hoWc R'a. Tli c) Rnh hMi G. Bo tO tlihnh c2Z thon Gi ti hnh siZ RMn ha Ra bo

C,i M/i%i9U. 8ruc*icoag R* n2 U2; hch



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C,i k$%X3i/i9U]. c-ro*ioru:g thi hch b`? c;i

C,i k$%X3i5SU]. c-"ivoru:g thi t`ng hnh t

C,i P@X5WXi9g R* ,$ c ,inh , tnh ,aronina ro-)g

R* R0n hoa h=ngN0/, B9@iiS$39 /RS ;bS]U Sinh s;n h52 tnh to bo tO R;*+basiGios?o0-. C$c bo tO R;* hnh thnh tk *Kt cA2 tlc RWc bit g!i , R;*+basiGi2*-. ;* c) thX RMn bo ha Ra bo.

B @3i%90i/9%X@ 3,9/ ;X/]6 R;* Ra bo. DA* than R0n ch to # ,oi bo tO, bo tO R>ng +t0,ios?o0- ha c]n g!i , bo tO h92 8 bo tO R;*

C,i @3i%90U F*iago :a+i 2ng th ng>B, F. ci*a:in-a +R0n R!t*aB

C,i $@3i@U Froc*i c-"ua+than R0n hnh t]C,i kW,9$X%3,X$9U]"hac-o*h-ca r-iiana+si R0n ng>-

C,i Ti%%X3i9U Ti-*ia &arcaanathan R0n ,la-

B Xi/9%X@ 0 @3]6R;* Ra boZ to ti Ra ,oi bo tO6 bo tO ging+s?0*ati2*-Z bo tO [2n +a0cios?o0-Z bo tO h +20Gos?o0-Z bo tO R>ng+t0,ios?o0- 8 bo tO R;* +basiGios?o0-. joi nA* g s`t no tong 8]ng Rito R ,oi bo tO RIMc g!i , /RS 0 @3 $,5 3_/, %2/Z c]n n2 to t hMn+thng , # ,oi bo tO - th Rc g!i , nA* 0 @3 $,5 3_/, /,{. joi nA*

g s`t no hon thnh 8]ng Ri tn # ,oi c :L ch :h$c nha2 g!i , nA* 0@3 ;9 $,8Z tn 1 c g!i , nA* 0 @3 ;./ $,8.

C,i P5$$i/i9U . orghi (7. :a+i] +g s`t ng>-x . arachi+i g s`t,c-

C,i S$X@U F. a""-n+icua*u+g s`t R92 Rf-

C,i P,9\W@9U. "achrhiti g s`t R92 tMng-x ha3o"ora vi*i +gs`t nho)

C,i HXSi%Xi9UH-:i-ia va*a*ri g s`t c ?h-

C,i P,90Sii5SUhrag:i+iu: :ucrona*u: +g s`t hoa h=ng-

B y:9@ii9%X@U R;* RMn bo hnh thnh tn b3 *Wt *> bnhZ :h>ng c)*~ nA*

C,i y:9@ii5SUo&ai+iu: v-an+?h=ng ,$ ch-

B CX93:9@ii9%X@6 R;* RMn bo to ( bo tO R;*Z :h>ng c) *~ nA*

C,i T,9/93XW,5@U T. cucu:-ri giai Ron 8> tnh , Rhitoc*oniaoani]

C,i A3,X%i9Uw. ro8ii+giai Ron 8> tnh ,]c-ro*iu: ro8ii-

Khoa Nng hc, Trng !i hc Nng nghi" H N#i J"


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B A09i$9%X@+/RS S-/RS 3=/-6 R;* RMn boZ c) *~ nA* Gng t$nZ Gng>. ;* hnh thnh tn tng sinh R;* Gng ?hin tong *~ nA*.

C,i ASi%%9i9Uw. :--agthi gcZ 4 c thn gf

C,i P%X535@ /RS @K]U. o*r-a*unA* s] t*- hi c thn gf

C,i A09i$5@Uw. &i"oru/RS Ss]B AW,%%W,9%X@ /RS %-6 ;* RMn bo hnh thnh tn tng sinh R;*Z[? thnh hng tong ,f ca *~ nA*.

C,i C3i$i5SU C. a:onicoorg bnh nA* h=ng c ?hZ cao s2Z cacaoZ c c) *li

C,i G9/XS9x I//35x P,X%%i/5@x P%W5@U hi c thn gf

N0/, W,# DX53XS$3i/9 /RS :R3 3/] 3,X A0i@x 1+"E]

Sinh s;n h52 tnh hoWc th2Kc ngnh nA* tli hoWc th2Kc ngnh nA* R;* hoWccha ?h$t hin. Sinh s;n 8> tnh b\ng cnh bo tO ?hn sinh +coniGio?ho0- tobo tO ?hn sinh +coniGi2*-. Cnh bo tO ?hn sinh c) thX hnh thnh ing zZthnh cP*Z thnh thX n* +s?ooGochi2*-Z thnh b) +b) cnhsnn0*a- hoWctong c$c :t cA2 RWc bit g!i , U2; cnh +?cniGi2*- hoWc R'a cnh +ac082,2s-

L2W HW,S$X3X@6 cnh bo tO ?hn sinh *!c ing zZ thnh cP*Z thnhthX R* hoWc thnh b) cnh.

B M/i%i9%X@+H?ha,0s-6 cnh bo tO ?hn sinh *!c ing zZ thnh cP*Zthnh thX n* hoWc thnh b) cnh

Hd M/i%i9$X9X6 cnh bo tO ?hn sinh *!c ing zZ thnh cP*. C; cnhbo tO ?hn sinh 8 bo tO ?hn sinh :h>ng *2 hoWc *2 nht.

C,i Oii5SU x. cucur&i*ac-a- (]"ha-ro*h-ca 8uigin-a] g bnh ?hAnt`ng b2 bx x. -ri"hoi+- (ri"h- "ogoni] g bnh ?hAn t`ngR92 Rfxx. a*-ri (. cichorac-aru:)g bnh ?hAn t`ng c hoa clcZthc GcZ b2 b

C,i M/i%i9U. 8ruc*icoag thi n2 U2; hch

C,i BX95Xi9UB. &aiana:L sinh c>n tng

C,i A@WX0i%5@Uw. nig-r*c R0n ,c....-xw. 8avu+*c 8ng ,c....-

C,i P9X$i%S$X@U nA* Ri :h$ng t2n tng

C,i G%i$%9i5SU nA* Ri :h$ng t2n tng

C,i VX3i$i%%i5SU }. +ahia-g bnh h}o V0tici,,i2* tn nhi32 ,oi ct=ng

C,i PX/i$i%%i5SU . i*aicu: bnh *c [anh]x . +igi*a*u: +*c ,Pc-U2; c c) *li

C,i B33i@UB. cin-r-ag bnh *c [$* c ch2aZ :hoai t

Khoa Nng hc, Trng !i hc Nng nghi" H N#i J1


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C,i Pi$5%9i9U. orta-g bnh Ro >n ,la

C,i Ti$,XS9U T. viri+-, T. hartianu: , nA* Ri :h$ng c$c nA*:h$c

Hd DXS93i9$X9X6 cnh bo tO ?hn sinh *!c ing zZ thnh cP*. Cnh

bo tO ?hn sinh hoWc bo tO ?hn sinh +hoWc c; hai- c) *2 R9*C,i Ni0@W9UN. orta-g bin *2 ht ,la

C,i C,9%99U C. "ara+oag thi R0n *a

C,i C%9@Wi5SU g c$c bnh R* ,$

C,i C9/9U C. :uaa-g R* ,$ CoGana tn ch2i

C,i C/X@W9U C. caicoag R* 8]ng Con0s?oa tn c ch2a

C,i BiW%9i@UB. :a+i+R* ,$ nh ng>]B. ortati* ,Oa ,la]

C,i C55%9i9U C. una*aR* n2 ,laC,i A%3X/9i9Uw. &raica-+R* 8]ng c;i b`?] w. oani+R* 8]ngc ch2aZ :hoait]w. "a+|ic3ii (bng ,$ ,la-

C,i k3XSW,%i5SU]. &o*rou:g R* t* ,$ hnh t

C,i CX$@W9U C. :ua-+R* ,$ Sigato:a tn ch2i]x C. arachi+icoa+R* n2 ,c-

Hd T5:X$5%9i9$X9X6 Cnh bo tO ?hn sinh [? chWt thnh thX R*+s?ooGochi2*-

C,i 5@9i5SU z. oani thi :h> c :hoai t]x z. o"oru: h}o2sai2*c h! c-

Hd k3i%:9$X9X6 Cnh bo tO ?hn sinh h? nhAt thnh b) cnh +snn0*a-

C,i G9W,i5SU hi c G2Z c s=i

C,i Hi@53X%%9U :L sinh c>n tng

L2W CX%S$X3X@U cnh bo tO ?hn sinh hnh thnh tong R'a cnh hoWc U2;cnh

B MX%9/$/i9%X@ ;l9 $/,]U Cnh bo tO ?hn sinh hnh thnh tong R'acnh

C,i C%%X33i$,5S9 Co-*o*richu: @WW. +th$n th nhi32 ,oi c-

C,i PX@39%3i9U-*ao*ia *h-a-+chA* [$* chB

C,i M9@@/i/9Uaronina roa-+R* R0n hoa h=ngB

C,i kW,9$X%S9U]"hac-o:a &a*a*a+gh :hoai ,ang

B kW,9XW@i9%X@ u5b $/,]U Cnh bo tO ?hn sinh hnh thnh tong

U2; cnh.

Khoa Nng hc, Trng !i hc Nng nghi" H N#i J#


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C,i M9$W,S99 acro"ho:a "ha-oina :h> thn RaZ thi 4 R92RfZ th2c ,$B

C,i P,S9Uho:a@WW. g 8t R* nhi32 ,oi c

C,i P,%@3i$39Uho*ic*a :uaru: +R* tn nhang ,$ ch2i-

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L2W A0/S$X3X@ /RS 3.

Bệnh cây nông nghiệp- Rau-Hoa-Qua-3.doc

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