Ay Yap Pan
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Transcript of Ay Yap Pan
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Sri Ayyappan , popularly known as Dharma Sastha is the presiding deity at
Sabarimala which is situated in the Western Ghats in Pattanamthitta district of
Kerala.He is believed to be the one who protects us from all the evil propensities
of Kaliyuga. He is an incarnation of Vishnu who assumed the form of an
enchantress, Mohini, and her union with Shiva led to the conception and birth of
Lord Ayyappa. Ayyappa is also known as Ayya, Ayyan, Appan or Kaliyuga Varadan.
Ayyappa is believed to have been born near the Pamba River. Ayyappas
avatar on earth was to annihilate
the demon Mahishi who could be
killed only by a confluence or
coming together of the Vishnu-
Shiva power. In this manner,
Ayyappa is the avatar of the cosmic
forces of Hari and Hara and so is
also known as Hariharaputra. The
day of Ayyappas birth is also known
as Makara Vilakku day, the first day
of Makar, Uttarayanam or Krishna
Paksha under the star Uttram.
Those who are born on thisauspicious day are believed to be divya purushas of 64 kalas, blessed with great
potential and-promise.
Makara Sankranti is celebrated in Kerala at Sabarimala where the Makara
Jyothi is visible followed by the Makara Vilakku celebrations. Makara Sankranti is
the day when the Sun God begins its ascendancy and entry into the Northern
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Hemisphere. It occurs in every
January is an auspicious day for
Hindus. It is also a special time
for devotees of Lord Ayyappa
who undertake the pilgrimage
to Sabari hills where they offer
prayers and converge to
witness a spectacle called
Makara Jyoti or heavenly light.
He is called Sarva Roga Nivarana Dhawantharamurthi or the one who cures all
diseases. Ayyappa is also known as Anna Dana Prabhu and Akhilanda Koti
Brahmandanayakam.
Certain customs are
observed when one undertakes a
pilgrimage to Sabarimala. A
pilgrim attending the Mandala
puja observes austerities for 41
days. During this period pilgrims
abstain from non-vegetarian food
and cardinal pleasures. They set
out in groups with a leader and
each pilgrim carries a cloth
bundle called Erumudikettu, containing traditional offerings.
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Sabarimala temple has no restrictions of caste or creed. Every year during
Makara Vilakku, the golden idol of Ayyappa is decorated with ornaments specially
brought in from the Pandalam Palace where Lord Ayyappa is said to have spent
his childhood.
The easiest route to the temple is via Chalakkayam by which one can reach
the banks of River Pamba. Pamba is the main halting point on the 4-5 km long trek
that takes you to the abode of Ayyappa in Sabarimala. Pilgrims climb the 18
golden steps to reach the Sannidhanam or sanctum sanctorum of the Lord and
witness the divya darshanam.
On the Makara Vilakku day, several significant and reportedly supernatural
events take place, making the event at Sabaramila an incredible experience for
the devotees. During the procession undertaken from Pandalam Palace to the
Sabari hills each year, a Garuda bird hovers in the sky over the bejewelled
caravan.
Once the procession reaches Sabarimala, the Garuda hovers over the flag post
overlooking the sanctum sanctorum. Another event is the occurrence of what
appears to be a bright glittering star in the sky facing the sanctum sanctorum
what is called Makara
Natchathiram.
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THE EIGTEEN HOLY STEPS
Sri Ayyappa Temple has 18 Holy Steps from the ground level to the sanctum
sanctorum where the deity resides. These steps are considered holy because they
are regarded as the extension of sanctum sanctorum.
The number 18 itself has great significance in Hindu philosophy. There are18
chapters in Bhagavad Gita; there are 18 Puranas; there are 18 battle techniques;
Kurukshethra battle lasted for 18 days; Four Vedas, 6 Sutras, 5 Senses and 3
deities add up to 18. There are different interpretations to the significance of the
18 Holy Steps.
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In one interpretation, the first seventeen steps symbolize the seventeen Vasanas
(human traits) and the eighteenth step, symbolizes the last stage of evolution to
the status of a Gnani.(An individual who has achieved the ultimate state of
enlightenment. The bad Vasanas have accumulated for generations and have to
be eradicated by a slow and steady process. The good Vasanas have to be
carefully cultivated. The combination of the elimination of the bad Vasanas and
the development of the good Vasanas enables one to attain the level of a Gnani.
To achieve the level of Gnani, one should have Internal Purification and External
Purification.
Agnana (Ignorance) or Avidya(Illiteracy). In this stage a person is equivalentto an animal. The only way to evolve from this stage is by association with
people better than oneself.
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False Prestige. Every human being is different from the next, and maybeinferior or superior to every other person in one way or another. However
no one should have the opinion that one is superior to anybody else. This is
a bad vasana, which has to be eliminated in the early stages of a person's
evolution, which is why it represents the second step.
Dambh (pride). Elimination of this bad vasana is the next stage, symbolizingthe third step.
Spite. Human beings have a tendency to blame others for any and allmisfortunes and harbor ill will towards others as a result of this
misconception. The sooner a person can get rid of this vasana the better of
he will be.
Crookedness. is the next vasana which has to be overcome. This trait is saidto be developed as a result of one's previous karma (deeds/misdeeds) and
the only way to attain freedom from this vasana is by worshipping God.
Kama(sensuousness) is the next vasana which has to be curbed by
exercising extreme physical and mental discipline.
Kroth(anger) is a bad vasana and to surmount this tendency one shouldworship God and seek His Grace and Guidance. Bhayam(fear or cowardice)
is bad vasana which very difficult to control. Absolute faith in the God
Almighty can help to surmount fear. Shokam(sorrow) is caused by thetendency of human beings to be attached to worldly possessions and the
weak minded are more susceptible to this vasana. Spiritual development
can destroy this vasana.
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Kshama(patience) is a good trait which can be attained only by the Graceof the Lord Almighty and can be sustained by continual worship of the Lord
Almighty.
Daya(kindness), another good vasana. By simply practicing the philosophythat someone else's need is greater than one's own, a person can attain
this good vasana, which is represented by the ninth step.
Shanthi (calmness) is the sister vasana of kshama, which can be achievedby satsanga(company of the good). Janapriathwam(to love all people alike)
is achievable through Agnana yoga(enlightenment).
Akrodham(no anger) is very difficult to achieve and God's Grace can helpone to attain this stage Vairagyam. This vasana has two interpretations. It is
the absence of worldly desires or passions , indifference to the world ,
asceticism, or it could mean sincerity of purposes, in which case a person
would be successful in whatever activity he undertakes. In either case it is
good vasana to have.
Nirlobha, which is the ability to be able to do the right thing at the righttime, to the right degree, without overestimating or underestimating.
Datha(charity) is a trait which should be cultivated to such an extent thatone should be willing to sacrifice one's owns needs to fulfill the needs of
another. Charity should not be exercised as a means to gain name andfame.
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Gnanam(Enlightenment) This
final stage, symbolized by the
eighteenth step, is attained when one is
in tune with Brahma.
The 18 Holy steps are the holy
pathways for the Jeevaatma to reach
the Paramaatma. Jeevaatma has to
cross the 18 virtues to merge with
paramaatma. The Holy steps 1, 2, 3, 4,
and 5 represent the 5 Panjendriams:
(Smell, Hearing, Sight, Taste and
Touch). The Holy steps 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11,
12, and 13 represent the 8 Ashtaragas:
Kamam, Krodham, Lobham, Moham,
Madam, Matsaryam, Thanbha and
Asuya. The Holy steps 14, 15 and 16
represent 3 Gunas: Thamas, Rajas and
Satva. The Holy step 17 represents
Vidya and the Holy step 18 represents
Avidya. By observing stringent
vruthams (austerities), the Ayyappa
devotees called Ayyappas and Malikappurams, purify their body, mind and
intellect and achieve the ultimate sanctity to make pilgrimage to Sabarimala
carrying on their head the Irumudi containing the Pooja items, to climb the 18
holy steps and have the Darsan of Lord Ayyappa.
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Thiruvanbharanam procession carries three ornamental boxes.
They are;
1. Thriuvabharanam Petti(Jewel Box),2. The Velli Petti(Silver Article Box) and3. The Kodi Petti (Flags etc Box)
Box 1
Thirumugham Prabha Mandalam Valia Churika Cheria Churika Aana (Elephant) - 2 (miniature
replica)
Kaduva - 1 (miniature replica) Velli Kettia Valampiri Sankh - 1 Conch shell with q right hand spiralSilver covered) Lakshmi Roopam Poothattam (A ceremonial plate for
carrying flowers)
Navarathna Mothiram (Navarathnam ring) Sarapoli Mala - Traditional temple necklace Velakku Mala - Traditional temple necklace Mani Mal - Traditional temple necklace Erukkum Poomala - Traditional temple necklace Kanchambaram
Box 2
Thaila Kudam for Kalasam- Required Pooja utensilsBox 3
Kodi Petti Netti Pattom for the elephant Chattah Idunna Jeevatha Flags of Talapara and Udampara Mezhuvatta Kuda
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AYYAPPA GAYATHRI
Boodha Naathaya Vidmahe Bavaputhraaya Dheemahi
Thanno Saastha Prachodayaath.
Sri Maalikapurathu Amma-SLOKA/PRAYER
Dharma Shashtha Darmapathni Padamichandi
Ya Sada Sa Thvam Thu Dada tha Damsa
Sasthru Bhakthim Samujwala
Dwara Murthis of 18 Holy Steps
Kadutha Swami, Karuppayi Swami and Karuppayi Amma are the devoted guards
of the 18 Holy Steps of the Ayyappa Temple. They stand on both sides of the 18
Holy Steps, Kadutha Swami on the right side of Lord Ayyappa and Karuppayi
Swami and Karuppayi Amma on the left side of Lord Ayyappa. They maintain the
sanctity of the temple surroundings and the 18 Holy Steps that represent the 18
Holy Mountains and also bless the devotees who climb the Holy steps with
Irumudi.
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Routes to Sabarimalai
Erumeli-Route
The Erumeli route, used by Ayyappan Himself during his forest expedition to
kill Mahishi. The Erumeli route is the most arduous and the pilgrims cover
about 61 km on foot through forest and hill track.
Vandiperiyar-Route
The Vandiperiyar route starts at 94.4 km stone on the Kotayam - Kumili
road. The Sannidhanam is about 12.8 km from here.
Chalakayam-Route
The Chalakayam route is the easiest of all. Chalakayam is near Pampa river.
Sannidhanam is just 8 km from here.
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Important places between Erumeli and Sannidhanam by Foot Path:
PERURTHODU
It is a river about 4 km from Erumeli. Lord Ayyappa rested
here during his expedition. It is from here the rise begins.
Giving alms here is important. By giving alms, one is
disposing of all dharma and seeking asylum in Ayyappa. The forest beyond
Perur Thodu is poongavanam (Ayyappan's garden).
KALAKETTI
About 10 km from Perur Thodu is Kalaketti. The legend
says that Lord Shiva, Ayyappa's father, came on his ox
and tied it here and witnessed Lord Ayyappa killing
Mahishi. There is a shrine where the pilgrims light camphor and break
coconuts.
AZHUTHA
Azhutha river, a tributary of Pampa, is about 2 km from
Kalaketti. On the far side of the river is the steep
Azhutha hill, famous for its arduous track. In the ascent
of 2 km of steep climb there is hardly anyone who does
not shed tears.
At the summit of Azhutha is Kallidumkunnu. The pilgrims drop the pebble
taken by them from Azhutha river here. This is done as the mortal remains
of Mahishi was cast off here and filled with stones.
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INCHIPPARAKOTA
The next important place is the Inchipparakota where there is Kotayil
Sastha shrine. Pilgrims offer prayers here and break
coconuts. From here the pilgrims descent the slippery
path carefully. The descent ends at Karimala thodu
(canal) with Azhutha hill on one side and Karimala hill on the other. Pilgrims
rest here for a while.
KARIMALA
Karimala is the abode of elephants which visits the Karimala canal to drink
water. Pilgrims light the aazhi (campfire) to protect
themselves from wild animals and cold weather.
Karimala hill consists of seven levels and is climbed in
stages. As the ascent of 5 km is difficult the pilgrims continuously chant
saranams. On top of Karimala the terrain is flat suitable for the pilgrims to
rest. It is interesting to see the Nazhikkinar - a well within a well with fresh
spring like water. There deities of Karimalanthan, Kochukaduthaswami and
Karimala Bhagawathi. From here after the exhausting descent, Pampa river
is about 5 kms.
PAMBA
Pampa is the most important and holy spot on the way to
Sannidhanam. It is here Lord Ayyappa was found by King
Rajasekara. The Pampa river is as holy as the Ganges. The Pampa water purifies
one from curse and evil.
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SABARI PEETAM
This was the Kota where Shri Sabari, in Sri Rama's era,
performed Tapas. Pilgrims worship here breaking coconuts,
firing crackers and lighting camphor.
SARAMKUTHI
Half way between Sabari Peetam and Sannidhanam is
Saramkuthi. Kanniswamy leave the wooden arrow they picked
from Erumeli here.
PATINETTAMPADI
The holy Patinettampadi (18 steps) is 15 minute walk from
Saramkuthi. The Golden steps is such a magnificent sight.
Pilgrims chant saranams loudly. After breaking the coconut they
climb the 18 steps to have the darshan of Lord Ayyappa.
IMPORTANT ABHISHEKOM / POOJA
NEYYABHISHEKOM
PUSHPABHISHEKOM
PADIPOOJA
UDAYASTHAMANA
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OTHER DIETIES AT SABARIMALA
Sri Kanni Moola Mahaganapathy
Sri Nagaraja Malika Purathamman Dwara Moorthies of 18 Holy steps Vavar Nada
MAIN FESTIVAL OCCASIONS
Mandala Pooja Makara Vilakku & Vishu
Prasadams
The prasadam at Sabarimala temple is Aravana payasam and Appam. These are
prepared by using rice, ghee, sugar etc. The rice needed to prepare prasadam at
Sabarimala is supplied by Chettikulangara Devi Temple, the second largest temple
under Travancore devaswom board situated at Mavelikkara.
Harivarasanam
Harivarasanam is recited before closing the temple door at night. Harivarasanam
song is sung today at Sabarimala as a lullaby at night (Urakkupattu) was
composed by Sri Kambakkudi Kulathur Srinivasa Iyer. It is said that Srinivasa Iyer
used to recite the composition, after the Athazha Puja, standing in front of the
shrine of Ayyappa in the main temple. With the efforts of Swami
Vimochanananda, it came to be accepted as the lullaby by the Thantri and
melshanthi. The composition has 352 letters, 108 words in 32 lines
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Though there have been many versions of this song sung by many
renowned vocalists, the temple plays the rendition by K. J. Yesudas, which is in
the 'Madhyamavati' raga of Indian Karnatic music.
Neyyabhishekam
This significant ritual involves pouring sacred ghee brought by pilgrims in their
Pallikettu or Irumudi (A two compartment bag made of handwoven cotton cloth used to
bear the offerings for Sabarimala Temple by the devotees and carried on their heads)on the
idol of Lord Ayyappa. It symbolically means the merging of Jeevatma with the
Paramatma. While a Saffron coloured Irumudi is used by a pilgrim on his first
journey(Kanni Ayyappan) to Sabarimala, others use black or Navy Blue coloured
Irumudi.
Aham Brahmasmi and Tattvamasi
The important message given at the temple is the ultimate knowledge that each
individual is a God unto himself/herself, Tat Tvam Asi in Sanskrit meaning "That is
you". Due to this pilgrims call each other Swami. Tat Tvam Asi, meaning
"That Thou Art" is the message that is given out by the Lord. It means, in short,
You are part of the Universal Soul (in Sanskrit "Paramatma") which is thequintessence of Advaita philosophy.
It also means for reaching Paramatma or Universal Soul.
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Vavar Nada
Vavar, also known as
Vavarswami was a Muslim
saint who became a devotee of
Lord Ayyappa. There is a shrine
dedicated to Vavarswami at
Sabarimala, as well as
Vavarswamis mosque at Erumeli
next to the Ayyappa temple. The devotion of Vavarswami to Ayyappa and the key
role that the Islamic Masjid has in the Ayyappa Pilgrimage, highlights the
communal harmony in Kerala. The devotion of Vavarswami also highlights the
relevance of Ayyappa devotion for members of all faiths, and the equality shown
to all, whether they are Muslims, Hindus or Christians.
There are many legends about Vavar
and his association with Ayyappa. Some
believe that Vavarswami was a Muslim saint
who migrated from Arabia to India with the
intention of spreading Islam. Others suggestthat he was a warrior who reached the shore
of Kerala as a pirate to loot and plunder.
During his encounter with Lord Ayyappa, he
was defeated and subdued by the Lord.
Since then Vavar became a close associate of
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Lord Ayyappa and helped him in the wars in the mountainous region. As time
passed ,Vavar too became an ardent devotee of Ayyappa just like Kaduthaswami
and came to be known as Vavarswami. The old sword on the wall of the Vavar
shrine symbolises the eminence of Vavar as a great warrior. It is believed that the
Lord Ayyappa himself instructed the King of Pandala Desam to build a mosque for
Vavar at Erumeli in Kottayam District and a shrine at Sabarimala.
Erumeli is the gateway to Sabarimala, the hillock shrine of Lord Ayyappa.
This place is very famous for 'Pettathullal' a kind of mass spiritual dance
performed by Ayyappa devotees. Pettathullal is performed in the Makaravilaku
season i.e. from mid December to mid January every year to commemorate the
annihilation of a 'Mahishi' by Lord Ayyappa.
It is believed that the aim of the incarnation of Lord Ayyppa as son of Siva
and Vishnu was the annihilation of demoness Mahishi.
After killing the Mahishi at Erumely, Ayyappa performed a dance on her
corpse. In order to commemorate this event, the devotees perform the ritual
called pettathullal in Erumeli.
The barefooted devotees perform this dance by wearing black dhotis, and
garnishing their body with different colour powders and flowers and carrying toy
bows, arrows and twigs and chanting the slogan "Ayyappa-thin-thakathom,
Swami-thin-thakathom"
The place name Erumely is believed to have been derived from the word
'Eruma Kolly' which got transformed to Erumely.
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En route the
pilgrimage to Sabarimala
during the makaravilakku
season almost all of the
Ayyappa devotees will
come to Erumely and
perform the ritual.
Pettathullal starts from
the small temple situated
at the heart of Erumely town known as 'Kochambalam". From there the dance
procession advance to the Muslim mosque called 'Vavar palli' opposite to
Kochambalam and the devotees worship 'Vavarswamy'.
Finally the procession ends up at Dharmasastha temple known as
'Valiayambalam.'
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Opening and closing of temple at Sabarimala
OPENING AND CLOSING DAYS OF SABARIMALA TEMPLE 2010OPENING AND CLOSING DAYS OF SABARIMALA TEMPLE 2010OPENING AND CLOSING DAYS OF SABARIMALA TEMPLE 2010OPENING AND CLOSING DAYS OF SABARIMALA TEMPLE 2010----2012012012012222
PoojaPoojaPoojaPooja Opening dateOpening dateOpening dateOpening date Closing DateClosing DateClosing DateClosing Date
Mandala Pooja MaholsavamMandala Pooja MaholsavamMandala Pooja MaholsavamMandala Pooja Maholsavam 16.11.201016.11.201016.11.201016.11.2010 27.12.2010 (Mandala Pooja27.12.2010 (Mandala Pooja27.12.2010 (Mandala Pooja27.12.2010 (Mandala Pooja27.12.2010 Afternoon)27.12.2010 Afternoon)27.12.2010 Afternoon)27.12.2010 Afternoon)
Makaravilaku festivalMakaravilaku festivalMakaravilaku festivalMakaravilaku festival 30.12.201030.12.201030.12.201030.12.2010 20.01.201120.01.201120.01.201120.01.2011
Makaravilakku DayMakaravilakku DayMakaravilakku DayMakaravilakku Day 14.01.201114.01.201114.01.201114.01.2011
MonthlyMonthlyMonthlyMonthly pooja (Kubham)pooja (Kubham)pooja (Kubham)pooja (Kubham) 12.02.201112.02.201112.02.201112.02.2011 17.02.201117.02.201117.02.201117.02.2011
MonthlyMonthlyMonthlyMonthly pooja (Meenam)pooja (Meenam)pooja (Meenam)pooja (Meenam) 14.03.201114.03.201114.03.201114.03.2011 19.03.201119.03.201119.03.201119.03.2011
Kodiyettu UlsavamKodiyettu UlsavamKodiyettu UlsavamKodiyettu Ulsavam 09.03.201109.03.201109.03.201109.03.2011 19.03.201119.03.201119.03.201119.03.2011
KodiyettuKodiyettuKodiyettuKodiyettu 10.03.201110.03.201110.03.201110.03.2011
Painkuni Uthram&ArattuPainkuni Uthram&ArattuPainkuni Uthram&ArattuPainkuni Uthram&Arattu 19.03.201119.03.201119.03.201119.03.2011
Medavishu FestivalMedavishu FestivalMedavishu FestivalMedavishu Festival 10.04.201110.04.201110.04.201110.04.2011 18.04.201118.04.201118.04.201118.04.2011
MedavishuMedavishuMedavishuMedavishu 15.04.201115.04.201115.04.201115.04.2011
Monthly Pooja(Edavam)Monthly Pooja(Edavam)Monthly Pooja(Edavam)Monthly Pooja(Edavam) 14.05.201114.05.201114.05.201114.05.2011 19.05.201119.05.201119.05.201119.05.2011
Idol Installation DayIdol Installation DayIdol Installation DayIdol Installation Day 10.06.201110.06.201110.06.201110.06.2011 11.06.201111.06.201111.06.201111.06.2011
Monthly pooja(Midhunam)Monthly pooja(Midhunam)Monthly pooja(Midhunam)Monthly pooja(Midhunam) 15.06.201115.06.201115.06.201115.06.2011 20.06.201120.06.201120.06.201120.06.2011
Monthly Pooja(karkadakam)Monthly Pooja(karkadakam)Monthly Pooja(karkadakam)Monthly Pooja(karkadakam) 16.07.201116.07.201116.07.201116.07.2011 21.07.201121.07.201121.07.201121.07.2011
Monthly Pooja(chingam)Monthly Pooja(chingam)Monthly Pooja(chingam)Monthly Pooja(chingam) 16.08.201116.08.201116.08.201116.08.2011 21.08.201121.08.201121.08.201121.08.2011
OnamOnamOnamOnam 07.09.201107.09.201107.09.201107.09.2011 11.09.201111.09.201111.09.201111.09.2011
Monthly Pooja(kanni)Monthly Pooja(kanni)Monthly Pooja(kanni)Monthly Pooja(kanni) 16.09.201116.09.201116.09.201116.09.2011 21.09.201121.09.201121.09.201121.09.2011
Monthly Pooja(thulam)Monthly Pooja(thulam)Monthly Pooja(thulam)Monthly Pooja(thulam) 17.10.201117.10.201117.10.201117.10.2011 22.10.201122.10.201122.10.201122.10.2011
Chithira attavisheshamChithira attavisheshamChithira attavisheshamChithira attavishesham 25.10.201125.10.201125.10.201125.10.2011 26.10.201126.10.201126.10.201126.10.2011
MandalapoojaMandalapoojaMandalapoojaMandalapooja 16.11.201116.11.201116.11.201116.11.2011 27.12.201127.12.201127.12.201127.12.2011
MandalapoojaMandalapoojaMandalapoojaMandalapooja 27.12.201127.12.201127.12.201127.12.2011
Makaravikaku FestivalMakaravikaku FestivalMakaravikaku FestivalMakaravikaku Festival 30.12.201130.12.201130.12.201130.12.2011 20.01.201220.01.201220.01.201220.01.2012
makaravilakumakaravilakumakaravilakumakaravilaku 15.01.201215.01.201215.01.201215.01.2012
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LIST OF AYYAPPAN TEMPLES IN INDIA AND ABROAD
INDIAKerala
Tamilnadu
Andhra Pradesh
Karnataka
Mathya Pradesh
Maharastra
Orissa
Panjab
Hariyana
Delhi
Gujarat
Rajasthan
Uttur Pradesh etc
ABROADAustralia
Canada
Dubai
France
Malaysia
Singapore
South Africa
United Kingdom
United States of America etc
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