AstaREAL® Astaxanthinfor Human Health

Superior Antioxidant

FDA Disclaimer

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease

• Astaxanthin in Nature

• Astaxanthin Benefits

What is Astaxanthin?

Strong Antioxidant Anti-Inflammatory Provides Eye Fatigue Relief Increase Muscle Endurance Supports Healthy Blood Lipids Aids in Wrinkle Reduction

This Red Color in Nature is Astaxanthin

Antioxidant Powerful antioxidant. Potent singlet oxygen quenching and anti-lipid peroxidation activity.

Anti-inflammatory

Inhibition of cytokines and chemokines expression suppressing NF-kB activation *, **.

Eye Health Eye fatigue *, **, Visual acuity *, **, Accommodation

Sports Related Muscle endurance *, ** and damage *, **, Sports vision *.

Life-style Related Diseases

Hypertension *, LDL cholesterol, H. pylori *, **, Diabetes & Diabetic nephropathy *, **, Metabolic syndrome *, **.

Personal Care Anti-wrinkle (topical *, ** & within *, **), Photo protectant, Melanin-inhibitor, Anti-hyperpigmentation.

Biological Activities of Astaxanthin Over 50 published studies

AstaREAL Published Study *AstaREAL Patented/Patent Pending

Cardio benefit results

Skin health – Anti-Aging results

Muscle endurance / Muscle recovery

Improves Muscle EnduranceAstaxanthin protects muscle at the cellular level from damage of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by physical activity. Astaxanthin improves blood flow and modulates vasorelaxation, protecting the endothelium dependent NO effect and vessel elastin band structure from oxidative damage

Accelerates Body Fat ReductionAstaxanthin enhances fat metabolism by activating mitochondrial enzymes such as 3-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase (3-HAD)Astaxanthin protects carnitine palmitoyl transferase I (CPT I) from oxidative modification caused by ROS

Reduces Lactic Acid Accumulation-Astaxanthin promotes fatty acid utilization vs glucose metabolism for Mitochondrial ATP production-Astaxanthin reduces peroxidation damage during anaerobic exercise resulting in muscle recovery time improvement

Eye Fatigue results

Our 10 Clinical Studies Demonstrate:

• Increased Retinal Blood Flow• Improved Accommodation• Reduced Asthenopia• Increased Visual Acuity• Ocular Inflammation Reduction

VDT Subjects with Eye Strain Symptoms before and after astaxanthin supplementation (Nagaki et al.,2002)

AstaREAL® astaxanthin patents

No. 6,245,818 Muscle and Physical Endurance - increased physical endurance / reduced muscle damage

No. 6,262,316 Gastric Health - Reduces infection/inflammation of Helicobacter pylori

No. 6,335,015 Mastitis - Prophylactic treatment for mastitis

No. 6,410,602Fertility - Method of increasing the production and improving the quality of semen

No. 6,773,708 Immune System - Immunomodulation - autoimmune diseases and chronic viral and intracellular bacterial infections

No. 6,923,967 Dyspeptic Symptoms - Alleviates dyspeptic symptoms

No. 7,078,040Anti-Inflammation - Cytokine regulation - inhibiting the expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines

Patent Pending Eye Fatigue - Reduced eye fatigue / improved visual acuity

Patent Pending Cardiovascular – Alleviating vascular failure

Patent PendingDiabetic Nephropathy - Gene expression modulator – suppression of development of diabetic nephropathy

Molecular Formula: Molecular Formula: CC4040HH5252OO44

Molecular Weight:Molecular Weight: 596.82596.82CAS No: CAS No: 472-61-7472-61-7

O

HO

O

OH

AstaxanthinAstaxanthin

-Carotene-CaroteneO H

O H

• 732 known carotenoids*732 known carotenoids*• Humans cannot Humans cannot

synthesise carotenoids.synthesise carotenoids.• Need to obtain Need to obtain

carotenoids from food.carotenoids from food.• Basic carotene structureBasic carotene structure• Xanthophyll ClassXanthophyll Class - Lutein- Lutein

- - AstaxanthinAstaxanthin isolated and identified fromisolated and identified from lobster lobster Astacus gammarusAstacus gammarus in 1938 by Kuhnin 1938 by Kuhn

*G. Britton et al., Carotenoids Handbook, 2004

Member of the Carotenoid Family

LuteinLutein

• Powerful & Safe Antioxidant- Singlet oxygen quenching- Lipid peroxidation suppressing- Without any pro-oxidative nature

Astaxanthin is a Totally Unique Antioxidant

• Superior Position in Cell Membrane- Protection both hydrophillic & lipophillic area

1. Shimizu et al., Carotenoids as singlet oxygen quenchers in marine organisms, Fisheries Science, 62, 134-137 (1996).2. Nishida et al., Quenching Activities of Common Hydrophilic and Lipophilic Antioxidants against Singlet Oxygen Using Chemiluminescence Detection System, Carotenoid Science.,Vol.11:16-20. (2007)

Astaxanthin is the Most Powerful Quencher of

Singlet Oxygen in Nature

Astaxanthin does not Become Pro-Oxidant Astaxanthin does not Become Pro-Oxidant Even under Enormous Oxidative Stress

H.D.Martin, et al. : Chemistry of carotenoid oxidation and free radical reactions, Pure Appl. Chem., 71(12), 2253-2262 (1999).

Why is Astaxanthin Superior?

Superior Position in Membrane

Beta-carotene

Vitamin C

Astaxanthin

Production

Haematococcus pluvialis cultivation

Production

Haematococcus pluvialis cultivation Vegetative cell Immature Aplanospore Aplanospore

４０－８０ μ ｍ

Haematococcus Pluvialis Haemato (Blood) Coccus (Seed) Pluvialis (Fresh Water)

Microalgae family – includes Chlorella and Spirulina

Single cell fresh water Microalgae (Plant source)

Found in standing pools and ponds world wide (non-GMO)

During harsh environment conditions – Hibernates

• Open Pond SystemOpen Pond System - Outdoor, susceptible to environmental contaminants- Outdoor, susceptible to environmental contaminants - Difficult to control unwanted foreign algae- Difficult to control unwanted foreign algae - Inconsistent production and yield- Inconsistent production and yield

• Closed SystemClosed System - AstaREAL - AstaREAL Indoor closed tank systemIndoor closed tank system consistently has the highest yield with consistently has the highest yield with the longest history of productionthe longest history of production

Con

c.→ 　 Mature

Chlorophyll Astaxanthin

Mass Production of Haematococcus pluvialis

Closed Tank System

• Most cost effective cultivation• Total environmental control• Highest quality, cleanest system• First in the world to commercially

cultivate Haematococcus pluvialis

• Full Acute & Subchronic Tests NO ADVERSE SIDE EFFECTS

REPORTED

• Ames Test & Gene Toxicity NO ADVERSE SIDE EFFECTS REPORTED

• Worldwide Literature Search NO ADVERSE SIDE EFFECTS REPORTED

Health and Safety

30 Safety Studies. Submitted for GRAS.1/6/2010 received FDA non-objection letter.

6mg is the dose