A Oikos e o Microcrédito

8/4/2019 A Oikos e o Microcrdito

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iedabjvb cisltsbh b i mi{imafifb `reiji b ltoija~il {iti rvaha~it b}}b} tbmrt}l} fbcltei }r}vbjvsbh*

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I }iva}cil fi} jbmb}}afifb} d}ami} jl rei ebti yrb}vl fb bpa}vjmai lr {l}}b fbdbj} b tbmrt}l}* I mi{imafifb fl }bt `reijl {iti }iva}ci~bt i} }ri} jbmb}}afifb} d}ami}fb{bjfb fb vt} mljfab}> fa}{ljadahafifb imb}}l b r}l* Il hifl fl} i}{bmvl} sajmrhifl}il} ebal} fb {tlfrl }l mlj}afbtifi} i} yrb}vb} fl} fatbavl} (imb}}l! b fi mi{imafifb{iti rvaha~it l} dbj} b tbmrt}l} fb cltei ifbyrifi*

I ajvbtsbjl fi lagl} vbe {la} rei ajmafjmai }ldtb b}vb} vt} jsba}* I fa}{ljadahafifb {tbjfb%}b mle i mi{imafifb fi} mlerjafifb} fb ldvbtbe dbj}

b tbmrt}l} be yrijvafifb }rcamabjvb {iti }iva}ci~bt i} jbmb}}afifb} d}ami} fb vlfi i{l{rhil fb cltei {bteijbjvb b }r}vbjvsbh7

L imb}}l fbcajafl mlel i mi{imafifb fl} ajfasfrl} b,lr ciehai} ldvbtbetbmrt}l} yrb b}vl imb}}sba} ji mlerjafifb7

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bcbmvasi b bcamabjvb7% i mi{imafifb aj}vavrmaljih b fb ob}vl fi} ltoija~ib} {tlelvlti} fl

eamtlmtfavl*I b}vtivoai fb i{lal il eamtlmtfavl yrb i lagl} {tlelsb imljvbmb {tbma}iebjvb i b}vb}vt} jsba} b mtavtal}*

a! Fa}{ljadahafifb> L Cajijmaiebjvl Ihvbtjivasl fl Fb}bjslhsaebjvlI lagl} bjvbjfb yrb l mtfavl fbsbtai }bt mlj}afbtifl re fatbavl `reijl vih mlel iihaebjvil lr i ori rei sb~ yrb {l}}adahavi il} {ldtb} l mrafifl fl }br {t{tal}r}vbjvl* [iti vih i lagl} hijlr re {tlnbmvl ajvavrhifl Cajiji vami {iti lFb}bjslhsaebjvl* B}vb {tlnbmvl {iti ihe fl b}mtrvjal vaml sa}i>

[tlelsbt nrjvl fi l{ajal {dhami {ltvrorb}i i} {lvbjmaihafifb} fi cajijivami (re elfbhl jl yrih l ajsb}vaflt b,lr iclttiflt mìeifl i i{hamit l }brfaj`batl fb imltfl mle l} }br} sihltb} vaml}! {iti l fb}bjslhsaebjvl hlmih b{iti i hrvi mljvti i {ldtb~i be {i}b} fl ]rh*

Fbcbjfbt i ifl{l lcamaih fb re yriftl hboih nrjvl fl Olsbtjl b fi mhi}}b{lhvami yrb i{lab i mtail b fb}bjslhsaebjvl fb aj}vavrab} b aj}vtrebjvl}cajijmbatl} vaml} i jsbh hlmih tboaljih jimaljih b ajvbtjimaljih* Be hvaeiaj}vjmai {tbvbjfb%}b mtait rei dijmi vami yrb clebjvb l fb}bjslhsaebjvl fbaj}vavrab} fb eamtlcajiji b lrvti} ajamaivasi} fi bmljleai }lmaih mlel lmletmal nr}vl b i} bjbtoai} tbjlssba}*

L eamtlmtfavl jbmb}}avi fb cljvb} fb cajijmaiebjvl b fb cltei} fb ob}vl yrb }bniemle{ivsba} mle l} eia} bhbsifl} {iftb} fb vami b byrafifb }lmaia}* Imtbfaviel} yrb imtail fb crjfl} b aj}vavrab} cajijmbati} vami} rei cltei bcami~ fb {tlelsbt leamtlmtfavl *

aa! Imb}}l> I {tlell fb aj}vtrebjvl} cajijmbatl} {tpael} fi} {l{rhib} eia}{ldtb}

I fa}{ljadahafifb fb cajijmaiebjvl re tbyra}avl jbmb}}tal ei} jl }rcamabjvb {iti yrbl} {ldtb} vbjìe imb}}l il mtfavl* Jb}vb }bjvafl i lagl} vbe sajfl i {tlelsbt stal}aj}vtrebjvl} b ajamaivasi} fb eamtlcajiji b bmljleai }lmaih yrb fa}{ljadaha~ie tbmrt}l}cajijmbatl} } ciehai} eia} {ldtb} fl} {i}b} be fb}bjslhsaebjvl* Mle b}vb} tbmrt}l}(eamtlmtfavl mi{aviha~il fb i}}lmaib} b mll{btivasi} mlj}vavral fb jbomal}}r}vbjvsba} bvm*! vbe }afl {l}}sbh yrbdtit l mamhl fi {ldtb~i fb eravl} eahìtb} fb

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4/9

ciehai} be {i}b} mlel Ijolhi Eliedayrb Dti}ah [btr bvm* B}vi} ajamaivasi} bjyriftie%}b jre edavl eia} si}vl fb [tlell fl} Ebal} fb ]rd}a}vjmai yrb ajmhra>

Imb}}l vbtti b i ebal} fb {tlfrl7 Imb}}l il mtfavl (eamtlmtfavl!7 Fasbt}acamil fi {tlfrl b ajvtlfrl fb {tvami} iotl%bmlhoami}7 [tlotiei} fb mlj}btsil fl} }lhl} b fi ori7 Ebh`ltai fi} vmjami} fb itei~bjiebjvl b mlj}btsil fi} mlh`bavi}7 Fasbt}acamil fi} cljvb} fb tbjfaebjvl7 I}}lmaivasa}el mll{btivasa}el trtih b fb}bjslhsaebjvl fb {byrbjl} jbomal}7 Cimahavit b mi{imavit {iti l imb}}l il} ebtmifl}7

]borafiebjvb i{tb}bjviel} ihorj} bpbe{hl} fb {tlnbmvl} yrb ajmhrbe mle{ljbjvb} fbeamtlmtfavl*

Eamtlmtfavl b ]bortiji Ihaebjvit

[TL]IE [tlotiei fb ]bortiji Ihaebjvit (Eihijob Ijolhi!I lagl} vtidih`i ji {tlsjmai fb Eihijob be Ijolhi fb}fb 9119* Fb}fb bjvl cltietbiha~ifl} stal} {tlotiei} fb inrfi fb bebtojmai (frtijvb i orbtti! tbaj}vihil fb{l{rhib} fb}hlmifi} tbaj}btl fb bp%mledivbjvb} b }bortiji ihaebjvit*

Imvrihebjvb i lagl} b}v i ae{hbebjvit mle i{lal fi Iojmai B}{ij`lhi fb Mll{btilAjvbtjimaljih b fi Ajvbtelj Lpcie (B}{ij`i! b be {itmbtai mle stai} LJO b aotbni} hlmia}re [tlotiei fb ]bortiji Ihaebjvit ([TL]IE! be =; ihfbai} fl erjam{al fb Mimrhiei bEihijnb dbjbcamaijfl 6*;6? ciehai} vlviha~ijfl 90*2;9 {b}}li}* L {tlotiei sa}i mljvtadrat

{iti l tbcltl fi mi{imafifb {tlfrvasi b aj}vavrmaljih fi} ltoija~ib} hlmia} (aj}vavrab}{itmbati} hlmia} b mlerjafifb} dbjbcamatai}! mle ldnbmvasl fb mtait ebmija}el} {iti imlj}lhafil fi }ri irvl%}rcamajmai ihaebjvit eialt {itvama{il jl} {tlmb}}l} fb vleifi fbfbma}b} be tbhil il} {tldhbei} yrb eia} l} icbmvie i}}ae mlel eialt mlj`bmaebjvl }ldtbi} {tldhbevami} fi @AS%]AFI yrb}vl fi vbtti Mafifijai b bvm*

Jb}vb }bjvafl {iti i mlj}bmrl fb}vb} ldnbmvasl} i} {tajma{ia} imvasafifb} bjvtb 4;;2 b4;;1 b}vitl fatbmmaljifi} {iti>

]bortiji ihaebjvit> I tbidahavil fb ajcti%b}vtrvrti} iotmlhi} mle sa}vi i irebjvit i}

mlh`bavi} b i} tbmbavi} cieahaitb}7

Ajvtlfrl fi vtiml ijaeih (eamtlmtfavl be ijaeia}! sa}ijfl lirebjvl fi} tbi} mrhvassba} {bhi} ciehai} mie{ljb}i}7 I{lal } imvasafifb} fb obtil fb tbjfi} (eamtlmtfavl eljbvtal!

mle sa}vi i fasbt}acamil b irebjvit i} tbmbavi} cieahaitb}7

Ajvtlfrl fb {byrbji} vbmjlhloai} mlel eiyrajitai} fbvtij}clteil byra{iebjvl} iotmlhi} bvm*7

Tbcltl fi} ltoija~ib} hlmia} ({itmbatl} b mlerjafifb}! Clteil b mi{imavil fl} vmjaml} b hafbtiji} fi} ltoija~ib}

mlerjavtai} b fl} {itmbatl} bjslhsafl} jl {tlnbmvl b fb lrvti}ltoija~ib} hlmia}7

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Fajiea~it {tlmb}}l} fb ajvbtmedal bjvtb {tlnbmvl} b mlerjafifb}vijvl i jsbh fl} {i}b} mlel i jsbh fi} ihfbai} fl {tlotiei7

Fajiea~it {tlmb}}l} fb i{lal {iti i b}vtrvrtil hboiha~il b tbcltlfl} jmhbl} mlerjavtal} (i}}lmaib} fb mie{ljb}b}!

I{tlcrjfiebjvl fi} idltfiobj} vtij}sbt}ia}

Fajiea~it imb} fb mi{imavil }bj}adaha~il b eldaha~il }ldtb i}vbevami} fl @AS%]AFI FF@@ ojbtl mafifijai b bvm*

Rei} fi} b}vtivoai} {iti i mtail fb mljfab} fb }bortiji ihaebjvit l tbmrt}l ileamtlmtfavl mle l} ldnbmvasl} fb>

Irebjvit b fasbt}acamit l tbjfaebjvl fi} ciehai} dbjbcamatai} fl {tlnbmvli{laijfl {byrbji} ajamaivasi} fb obtil fb tbjfaebjvl mle sa}vi i tbmr{btit bcltvihbmbt l vbmafl bmljeaml ji} tbi} fl {tlnbmvl*

Mtait be{tbol} }r}vbjvsba}*L {tlotiei i{lai ajamaivasi} fb obtil fb tbjfaebjvl i jsbh cieahait mle sa}vi iclteil fb {byrbji} eamtl%be{tb}i}* I mle{ljbjvb fb eamtl%be{tb}i} }btfatbmmaljifi {iti>

% Otr{l} }lhaftal} (mle{l}vl} {lt =%2 {b}}li}!Otr{l} }lhaftal} }l iotr{iebjvl} fb = i 2 {b}}li} (}bnie erh`btb} lr `lebj}! yrbvbjfl mlel ldnbmvasl i ebh`ltai b irebjvl fl tbjfaebjvl }lhamavie be{t}vael}cajijmbatl} {iti i tbiha~il fb re {byrbjl jbomal* I mlj}vavral fb}vb otr{l {lfb }bttbiha~ifi ivtis} fl} hil} cieahaitb} sa~ajìji} lr eb}el} mlj`bmafl} fb}fb yrb vbjìere cltvb tbhimaljiebjvl b mljcaiji*

% Ajfasafrih (ajamaivasi ajfasafrih fb re ebedtl fi i}}lmail!Tbcbtb%}b i rei {b}}li {btvbjmbjvb i rei ihfbai lr i}}lmail yrb vbjì ajvbtb}}b betbiha~it rei imvasafifb fb obtil fb tbjfaebjvl*

L {tlotiei i{lai fri} elfihafifb} fb mtfavl* I {taebati fatbmmaljifi {iti mtfavl}fb}vajifl} i} imvasafifb} iotmlhi} }bjfl mljmbfafl} }lebjvb jl} {btlfl} tbcbtbjvb} ilajmal fi} {lmi} iotmlhi} (]bvbedtl Lrvrdtl b Idtah!* I }borjfi fb}vaji%}b i mtfavl} {itilrvti} imvasafifb} fb obtil fb tbjfaebjvl b }l mljmbfafl} {lt {btlfl} ajvbtmihitb} ( =be = eb}b}! *

I ae{hbebjvil fl {tlotiei fb eamtlmtfavl bcbmvrifi ivtis} fb rei {itmbtai mle lDIJML ]LH* I{} hljoi} fa}mr}}b} be Jlsbedtl fb 4;;6 cla i}}ajifl re imltfl fb{itmbtai bjvtb i lagl} b l DIJML ]LH yrb sa}i cimahavit i mbfjmai {lt b}vi aj}vavral fbtbmrt}l} cajijmbatl} {iti l fb}bjslhsaebjvl fb {byrbji} imb} fb obtil fb tbjfaebjvl

{bhi} mlerjafifb}*Tb}rhvijvb fl imltfl l DIJML ]LH mle{tlebvb%}b i fa}{ljadaha~it re crjfl ohldih ijrihb}vaeifl be R]F 3;*;;;;; (}b}}bjvi eah fhitb},ijl!*

Mtail fb tbfb} }lmaia} b bmljeami} trtia}

[tlnbmvl fb ]bortiji Ihaebjvit fb Dahbjb%Eimai (Eliedayrb!L {tlnbmvl sa}i mljvtadrat {iti i ebh`ltai fi }bortiji ihaebjvit jl fa}vtavl fb Dahbjb%Eimai ji {tlsjmai fb Oi~i oitijvafl rei irvl%}rcamajmai ihaebjvit b l irebjvl fi}cljvb} fb tbjfaebjvl (ldnbmvasl b}{bmcaml! fb =;;; ciehai} mie{ljb}i} (dbjbcamatal}fatbmvl}!* I} imvasafifb} b l} tbmrt}l} fl {tlnbmvl ltoija~ie%}b be vltjl fb yrivtl

tb}rhvifl}> (9! irebjvl b fasbt}acamil fi {tlfrl7 (4! ltoija~il fl} {tlfrvltb} b

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mlebtmaijvb} be i}}lmaib}7 (=! imb}}l b haoil fl} {tlfrvltb} mle l} ebtmifl}7 (6!tbcltl aj}vavrmaljih fl} }btsal} b}vivia} fb}mbjvtiha~ifl}*

B}vb} tb}rhvifl} b}vl ajvbttbhimaljifl} b fbsbtl }bt otifrihebjvb ihmijifl} il hljolfl} = ijl} fi frtil fl {tlnbmvl (4;;6 % 4;;?!*

Jl edavl fl {tlnbmvl b }bebh`iji fb lrvti} bp{btajmai} fi lagl} yrbt be

Eliedayrb (Jai}}i! yrbt be lrvtl} {i}b} be fb}bjslhsaebjvl l {tlnbmvl {tbvbjfb mtaitrei tbfb }lmaih b bmljeami yrb ajvbtioajfl mle i} i}}lmaib} fb mie{ljb}b} i} {l}}icltvihbmbt b i{lait ji} fajeami} fb imb}}l il cajijmaiebjvl b imb}}l i jlsl} ebtmifl}*Jb}vb }bjvafl l {tlnbmvl cimahavi l} mljvimvl} bjvtb i} i}}lmaib},rjab} fb mie{ljb}b} nhboiha~ifi} lr be {tlmb}}l fb hboiha~il mle i} bjvafifb} haoifi} il mtfavl b ilebtmifl* I haoil bcbmvrifi mle i dijmi mlebtmaih mle i} aj}vavrab} fb eamtlmtfavlb mle be{tb}i} yrb fbvbj`ie }a}vbei} fb {tlsa}l fb mtfavl>

Mle i dijmi mlebtmaih i haoil fi} i}}lmaib} crjfiebjvih* ebfafi yrb i}i}}lmaib} b,lr rjab} ve tbmbavi} fi mlebtmaiha~il lr fi {tb}vil fb}btsal} ajmbjvasi%}b re {tlmb}}l fb mi{aviha~il i {itvat fl yrih bhi} {t{tai}{lfbe fb}bjslhsbt re {tlmb}}l fb mljmb}}l fb mtfavl il} }br} i}}lmaifl}* [iti

vih jbmb}}tal clteit l} hfbtb} b ob}vltb} i}}lmaivasl} jl} mljmbavl} b {tvami}b}}bjmaia} fl {tlmb}}l fb jbolmail mle i dijmi b fb ob}vl fb mtfavl*

Mle i} LJO lr lrvti} aj}vavrab} fb eamtlcajiji vltji%}b b}}bjmaih bcbmvritre faioj}vaml jl }bjvafl fb afbjvacamit i fa}{ljadahafifb hlmih fb cajijmaiebjvli} ebh`ltb} {tvami} b i} cltei} fb tbhil mle l} mie{ljb}b}* Be }borafi l{tlnbmvl }btsat mlel cimahaviflt fl} {tlmb}}l} fb haoil b jbolmail bjvtb b}}i}aj}vavrab} b l} dbjbcamatal}*

Ihorei} be{tb}i} fb {tlmb}}iebjvl b mlebtmaiha~il ve rei {tvami fb{tlsa}l fb mtfavl (be faj`batl lr b}{mab! i {byrbjl} iotamrhvltb} lrmlebtmaijvb}* Vtivi%}b jlteihebjvb fb rei tbhil fb efal lr hljol {ti~l yrb}b tb{bvb jl vbe{l b yrb mijiha~i ajsb}vaebjvl {iti mrhvrti} fb bhbsifl

tbjfaebjvl* L {tlnbmvl {tlmrtit fb}bjslhsbt re {tlmb}}l fb ebfail bjvtb i}i}}lmaib} b,lr rjab} b bsbjvria} be{tb}i} ajvbtb}}ifi} jb}vb {tlmb}}l* Rei fi}mrhvrti} fb eialt {lvbjmaih {iti i rvaha~il fb}vi {tvami fb mtfavl i fl minr {lt}b vtivit fb re {tlfrvl mle i{bvjmai jl} ebtmifl} tboaljia} b ajvbtjimaljia}*

L {tlnbmvl {tlmrti cimahavit jl } l mtfavl {tlfrl ei} viede l mtfavl mlebtmaiha~il* Jb}vb hvael mi}l l otr{l ihsl }l vlfl} l} iobjvb} bmljeaml} mlebp{btajmai b mi{imafifb {iti mlebtmaiha~it {tlfrvl} iotmlhi} b idi}vbmbt l mie{l fb dbj}fb mlj}rel b cimvltb} fb {tlfrl*

[tlnbmvl fb ]bortiji Ihaebjvit be EijfaediB}vb {tlnbmvl i ae{hbebjvit {lt re {btlfl fb = ijl} i {itvat fb Nrj`l fb 4;;2 {tbvbjfb

mlj}lhafit l} tb}rhvifl} ldvafl} {lt rei ajvbtsbjl ijvbtalt ltabjvifi {iti l ajmtbebjvlfi {tlfrl iotmlhi jl fa}vtavl fb Eijfaedi Jai}}i be Eliedayrb (4;;9%4;;6!* L{tlnbmvl mljvtadrat {iti i ebh`ltai fi ]bortiji Ihaebjvit fl fa}vtavl fb Eijfaedioitijvajfl i irvl%}rcamajmai ihaebjvit b l irebjvl fi} cljvb} fb tbjfaebjvl (ldnbmvasl}b}{bmcaml}! fb 2*;;; ciehai} }bjfl 4*4;; dbjbcamatai} fl {tlnbmvl ijvbtalt b 4*2;; jlsi}ciehai} mlttb}{ljfbjvb i 4;*;;; {b}}li} dbjbcamatai} fatbmvi}*

I} imb} b l} tbmrt}l} fl {tlnbmvl ltoija~ie%}b be vltjl fb 6 tb}rhvifl}> (9! irebjvl bfasbt}acamil fi {tlfrl7 (4! ltoija~il fl} {tlfrvltb} be i}}lmaib}7 (=! imb}}l bhaoil fl} {tlfrvltb} il ebtmifl7 (6! Tbcltl aj}vavrmaljih fi} b}vtrvrti} hlmia}*

I b}vtivoai fl {tlnbmvl {i}}i {bhi ajvtlfrl fb jlsi} l{b} vbmjlhoami} {bhiltoija~il fl} mie{ljb}b} be i}}lmaib} b mi}i} iottai} {bhi itvamrhil fl}

{tlfrvltb} mle i tbfb mlebtmaih b {bhl tbcltl fi iotl%ajf}vtai {iti irebjvl fl}

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tbjfaebjvl} fi} ciehai} irebjvl fi mi{imafifb fb {lr{it b ajsb}vat b iajfi fi tbfrlfb jfamb} fb {ldtb~i bpa}vbjvb} jl fa}vtavl*

L {tlnbmvl mljvi mle rei mle{ljbjvb fb eamtlmtfavl jl edavl fb rei {itmbtai mle iIELFBT LJO hlmih b}{bmaiha~ifi be eamtlcajiji* I IELFBT }bt mlhidltiflti fatbmvi bvbt mlel {tajma{ih {i{bh bcbmvrit i mljmb}}l fb mtfavl } rjab} fb mie{ljb}b}

aj}vavrmaljiha~ifi} mlel i rjal fb A}}i Eavijfb b Eijfaedi ]bfb b il} mlebtmaijvb}{iti i mlebtmaiha~il fb {tlfrvl} iotmlhi} mle{ti b sbjfi fb cimvltb} fb {tlfrlmtfavl} {iti ajsb}vaebjvl ji iotl%ajf}vtai ({tbj}i} fb hbl eliobati}! b ji vtimlijaeih* L {tlnbmvl oitijvat re crjfl l{btimaljih {iti b}vi} imvasafifb} b {tb}viti}}a}vjmai vmjami il} dbjbcamatal} fl {tlotiei fb eamtlmtfavl ji mlj}lhafil fl} }br}be{tbbjfaebjvl}*

Sa}riha~i%}b yrb i mle{ljbjvb fb mtfavl fl {tlotiei {l}}i sat i mljvbe{hit jl {taebatlijl mbtmi fb 9; be{tb}tal} fl Fa}vtavl fb Eijfaedi {lfbjfl b}vb jebtl mtb}mbt mle 3jlsl} be{tb}tal} ijria}* Be vt} ijl} {tbs%}b i {l}}adahafifb fb dbjbcamait mbtmi fb 44{byrbjl} be{tb}tal} fl fa}vtavl* L jebtl fb {byrbjl} {tlfrvltb} dbjbcamatal} fimle{ljbjvb fb mtfavl }bt b}vidbhbmafl i{} i afbjvacamil fl} {lvbjmaia} bhbebjvl} i}btbe idtijoafl}*

I mle{ljbjvb fb mtfavl vbe n oitijvafl re crjfl fb 92*;;; jl {taebatl ijl fbsbjflb}vb crjfl fb mtfavl vbt re mtb}maebjvl ijrih fb 9;*;;; * Jre {btlfl fb = ijl} l crjflfb mtfavl ivajoat i}}ae l} =2*;;; *

Mtfavl Obtafl {lt Mie{ljb}b}> Mtail fb Dijml} Mlerjavtal}

Dijml Mlerjavtal fb @riqil % [btr@riqil rei {byrbji ihfbai fl fa}vtavl fb Viedl fb{itviebjvl fb Iqimrm`l (Ijfb}! jl[btr* ]avrifi i =9;; ebvtl} fb ihvavrfb vbe 0;; ìdavijvb} iotr{ifl} be 4;; ciehai} yrbsasbe fi iotamrhvrti mtail fb oifl {byrbjl} jbomal} b vtidih`l vbe{lttal*

I salhjmai {lhvami fi} fmifi} fb 910; b 911; eitmitie i safi fi mlerjafifb jrei ~ljifb ajchrbjmai fi orbttahì (]bjfbtl Hreajl}l!* Imvrihebjvb (4;;2! i mlerjafifb b}vjrei bvi{i fb tb}vidbhbmaebjvl fl }br vbmafl }lmaih b fb tbltoija~il fi {tlfrl*Mljvrfl stal} }l l} {tldhbei} yrb i mlerjafifb bjctbjvi>

ctimi mi{imafifb fb mtail fb be{tbol7 diapi {tlfrl b {tlfrvasafifb iotl%{bmrtai7 vbtel} fb vtlmi mlebtmaih ajnr}vl} b fb}cisltsba}7 tbfr~afi ajcti%b}vtrvrti fb {tlmb}}iebjvl b mlebtmaiha~il7 l} mie{ljb}b} jl }l mlj}afbtifl} }rnbavl} fb mtfavl {bhi dijmi mlebtmaih {lt

jl i{tb}bjvitbe oitijvai} b }b bjmljvtitbe be ~lji} aj}{avi} b fb facmah imb}}l* ctimi tbjvidahafifb fi} imvasafifb} yrb tbiha~ie7 {tldhbei} fb }ifb bfrmil b ìdavil*

I dijmi viede {lfb }bt obtafi {lt mie{ljb}b}

Bjvtb 9110 b 9111 i lagl} be {itmbtai mle i ML[TLCIE (LJO hlmih! ae{hbebjvi re{byrbjl {tlnbmvl fb fb}bjslhsaebjvl mlerjavtal mle i} }borajvb} mle{ljbjvb}> mtailfb {byrbjl} treajijvb} mrhvasl fb btsi} itlevami} (ltol! mlj}vtrl fb re mbjvtl fb{tlell fi bfrmil ajcijvah ([TLJLBA! b mlj}vavra re {byrbjl dijml mlerjavtal(Dijyravl Mlerjih fb @riqil!* L ldnbmvasl fi mlj}vavral fb}vb dijml mlerjavtal cla{bteavat yrb erh`btb} b `lebj} fb @riqil {i}}be i fa}{lt fb re mi{avih ejael fbajsb}vaebjvl jbmb}}tal {iti ebh`ltit i tbjvidahafifb fi} }ri} {tajma{ia} imvasafifb}* Ihefa}}l {tbvbjfbr%}b mtait rei mrhvrti fb {lr{iji b ajsb}vaebjvl b rei mi{imafifb fbob}vl fb crjfl}*

Be Nrh`l fb 9111 l {tlnbmvl lrvltolr re be{t}vael fb = *2;;;; jlsl} }lhb} (mbtmi fb9*;;;;; il medal fi {lmi!* Mle b}vb crjfl l dijml mlerjavtal ajamai i} }ri} imb}

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lrvltoijfl 1 mtfavl} fl} yria} ? cltie {iti erh`btb}* Jl ijl }borajvb i{} rei{taebati isihail l {tlnbmvl irebjvlr l crjfl fb mtfavl {iti ?*;;;;; jlsl} }lhb} (mbtmifb 4*;;;;; !* I ajvbtsbjl fatbmvi fi lagl} b fl {itmbatl hlmih (ML[TLCIE! cla mljmhrfibe cajia} fb 9111 ajmal fb 4;;;* Be ebifl} fb 4;;= i lagl} bjmlebjflr rei irfavltaibpvbtji il Dijyravl Mlerjih fb @riqil (DM@! i cae fb isbtaorit i bslhrl fl eb}elb l} tb}rhvifl} ldvafl}* L} tb}rhvifl} }l bpvtiltfajitaiebjvb {l}avasl} bsafbjmaijfl yrbl} mie{ljb}b} {ldtb} {lfbe }bt dlj} ob}vltb}*

[tajma{ia} tb}rhvifl}>

9* L} crjfl} i{hamifl} {bhl DM@ fb}vajie%}b bcbmvasiebjvb obtil fb tbjfaebjvl b }lobtafl} jrei hoami fb mtfavl* Jbj`re mtfavl cla ajsb}vafl be mrhvasl} vtifamaljia}({lrml tbjvsba}! ei} jrei hoami fb fasbt}acamil b irebjvl fi} cljvb} fb tbjfaebjvl(mtail fb ijaeia} {iti bjoltfi b jbomal}!*

4* L mleav fb mtfavl vbe re hfbt bcami~ (l mie{lj} Nrij Rtdijl! {ltyrb }lrdb ajmrhmiti afbai fb yrb l dijml fl} }mal} vtij}eavajfl%h`b} rei mrhvrti fb taolt b vtij}{itjmaiji} tboti} fb ob}vl fl mtfavl* I {tlsi yrb i vipi fb eltl}afifb jl {ioiebjvl fl}eamtlmtfavl} fb i{bji} 36"*

=* Frtijvb l} yrivtl ijl} fb imvasafifb l DM@ mljmbfbr 92= eamtlmtfavl} (13 i `lebj} b2? i erh`btb}! jre eljvijvb vlvih fb 3;*3=0;; jlsl} }lhb} (mbtmi fb 9?*2;;;; ! i reivipi fb nrtl} fb ="* Be 92 fb Nrh`l fb 4;;= l DM@ vaj`i>

% Rei mitvbati saobjvb (mtfavl} lrvltoifl} b saobjvb}! fb> 90*6;0;; }lhb}% Rei mitvbati sbjmafi fb> 9*90;;; }lhb}

Re Crjfl vlvih 91*200;; }lhb}

L Crjfl vlvih fb}iotboisi%}b fi }borajvb cltei>% Mljvi} fb [lr{iji fl} }mal} jl DM@ 9*33;;; }lhb}% Nrtl} imrerhifl} ji} {lr{iji} 9114; }lhb}% Mtfavl mljmbfafl {bhi ML[TLCIE 4*2;;;; }lhb}% Mi{avih fl DM@ 92*440;; }lhb}% Vlvih 91*200;; }lhb}

Frtijvb l} yrivtl ijl} fb crjmaljiebjvl} i} fb}{b}i} cltie i} }borajvb}>

% Fbslhrl fl be{t}vael 6*2;;;; }lhb}% Fbslhrl fb {lr{iji} mlerjafifb 1;;;; }lhb}% Oi}vl} ifeaja}vtivasl} 9*223;; }lhb}% Mljvtadral {iti i mle{ti fl vbttbjl mlerjih (DM@! 9;;;; }lhb}

Vlvih ?*;23*;; }lhb}

B}vb} fifl} }aojacamie yrb l DM@ iv il fai 92 fb Nrh`l fb 4;;= vaj`i obtifl rei eitobefb hrmtl dtrvi fb 44*4060; }lhb} (92*4400; mlel mi{avih imvrih b ?*;23;; fb fb}{b}i}frtijvb l} 6 ijl}! b}vi yrijvafifb cla obtifi i {itvat fb re mi{avih ajamaih fb 1*23; jlsl}}lhb} (?*;;;;; jlsl} }lhb} fl be{t}vael fl {tlnbmvl 9*33;;; jlsl} }lhb} fl} }mal} b1;;;; fb {lr{iji} fi mlerjafifb!*

L} ajfamifltb} fb isihail }l l} }borajvb}>

% Vipi fb eltl}afifb 36"% Tlvil fi mitvbati 40; sb~b}%

Mi{aviha~il 9;6;"% Mr}vl} ifeaja}vtivasl} 0" (be 6 ijl}!

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aaa! Cltvihbmaebjvl Aj}vavrmaljih fi} Ltoija~ib} fb Eamtlmtfavl

[iti yrb l eamtlmtfavl }bni mlttbmviebjvb i{hamifl i lagl} ajmafb viede jl jsbh firvaha~il* L r}l fl} aj}vtrebjvl} fb eamtlmtfavl b}v tbhimaljifl mle fla} i}{bmvl}>

% i mi{imafifb fl} ajfasfrl} b,lr ciehai} i{hamitbe l} tbmrt}l} fb cltei }bortibcbmvasi b bcamabjvb7% i mi{imafifb aj}vavrmaljih b fb ob}vl fi} ltoija~ib} {tlelvlti} fl

eamtlmtfavl*

[lhvami} [dhami} b Cltvihbmaebjvl Aj}vavrmaljih fl ]bmvlt Eamtlbe{tb}itaih

TI]EB Tbfb Ijolhiji fb I{lal il ]bmvlt Eamtl%be{tb}itaihI TI]EB rei tbfb mlj}vavrfi {iti ajchrbjmait i} {lhvami} {dhami} mle tbhbsjmai {iti lfb}bjslhsaebjvl fl }bmvlt eamtl%be{tb}itaih b {iti i mi{imavil b tbcltl aj}vavrmaljihfi} ltoija~ib} }lmaia} yrb imvrie ji tbi fl fb}bjslhsaebjvl fi eamtl%cajiji b fi}eamtl%be{tb}i}* I TI]EB cla mlj}vavrfi {bhi IFTI MITB F_ % Fbsbhl{ebjv _ltg}`l{lagl} b ]JS* Bjvtb 4;;= b 4;;6 l Tb{tb}bjvijvb fi lagl} be Ijolhi Bjo* Yrajvajl{tb}afar tbfb b imvrihebjvb ajvboti l mlj}bh`l fatbmvasl fi eb}ei* I TI]EB ebedtlfi ]IEMIC ]lrv`btj Ictami Eamtlcajijmb ijf Bjvtb{ta}b Mi{imavq Bmbebjv Cimahavq* [iti ihefi TI]EB }l ebedtl} fi ]IEMIC i} }borajvb} tbfb}>

% I}}lmaivalj lc Eamtlcajijmb Aj}vavrvalj} lc iedai (IEA^!% ^aedidwb I}}lmaivalj lc Eamtlcajijmb Aj}vavrvalj} (^IECA!% Eihiwa Eamtlcajijmb Jbvwltg (EIEJ!% Eamtlbjvbt{ta}b Ihhaijmb (EBI! lc ]lrv` Ictami% Nlajv Mlj}rhvivasb Mleeavvbb (NMM! lc Jieadai

L} ldnbmvasl} fi TI]EB }l l} }borajvb}>

% Cimahavit i mi{imavil fb vlfl} l} ajvbtsbjabjvb} fl ]bmvlt Eamtl Be{tb}itaih(Ae{hbebjvifltb} Dijml} Eamtl Be{tb}tal} b Flifltb}!

% Ajchrbjmait {lhvami} cisltsba} {iti l fb}bjslhsaebjvl fl ]bmvlt Eamtl Be{tb}itaih

% Fasrhoit b {tlelsbt i} ebh`ltb} {tvami} fl ]bmvlt Be{tb}itaih% Mljvtadrat {iti i {iftlja~il ebh`ltb} {tvami} fl ]bmvlt Eamtl Be{tb}itaih% Tbcltit i} }ajbtoai} b ci~bt haoib} mle i} ltoija~ib} ebedtl*

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A Oikos e o Microcrédito

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