行為主義心理學
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Transcript of 行為主義心理學
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1. conditioning ( )
2.
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(classical conditioning) Paviov18491936 1. UCS UCR CS 2. CS UCS UCR
3. CS CR
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-- UCS () CS () UCR ()
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-- UCS () CS () UCR ()
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-- CS () CR ()
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Qreinforcement SRCR Q(stimulus generalization) CSCRQdiscrimination CS Qextinction CRCS UCSCR
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CS CR ()
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CS CR ()
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Q(secondary-order conditioning) CSUCSCS S R) Q UCS UCR CR CS
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l.(Thorndike)(connectionism)
(1)PavlovS SR trial-and-error learning
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!
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(2)SR a.law of exercise: S-R b.law of readiness) :S-R c.1aw of effect SR
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(3) SR SR ()
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2.Skinner(operant conditioning)
Q Pavlov respondent conditioning UCS UCR UCS CS CS CR)CR CS
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(Skinner(operant conditioning) SR () =>
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Q Q
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Q e.g. Skinner box
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QSkinner (environmental determinism)
Q(immediate reinforcement) (delayed reinforcement)
Q(Continuous reinforcement) (partial reinforcement)