2.7 Elecinst Sys

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2.7 Electrical installations and systems EE-Oz Industry Skills Council

Commonwealth of Australia 2006

Page 136 of 413 Training Package UEE06 To be reviewed by xx/xx/xx Version No.1

2.7 Electrical installations and systems

2.7.1.1 Electrotechnology, building systems and materials

Evidence shall show an understanding of building systems and materials to an extentindicated by the following aspects:

a) Methods, components and materials

b) Process and sequence

c) Cables and equipment in buildings

2.7.1.2 Electrical installations, wiring and accessories

Evidence shall show an understanding of the installation of wiring and accessories to anextent indicated by the following aspects:

a) Standards, codes and requirements applicable to installing wiring and accessories.b) Techniques for installing wiring and accessories encompassing:

x Application of accessories

x Drawing-in and placing cables

x Terminating cables and conductors

x Maintenance of fire rating integrity.

2.7.1.3 Electrical wiring systems

Evidence shall show an understanding of electrical low voltage wiring systems to an extent

indicated by the following aspects:a) TPI and TPS encompassing:

x regulatory requirements for the installation of flat and circular TPS cables.

x installation methods used for exposed circular TPS cable of a final subcircuit for

lighting or a socket outlet or an appliance.

x testing of the final subcircuit to ensure it complies with requirements and is safe to

connect to the supply.

b) Enclosures encompassing:

x regulatory requirement for the installation of cable enclosures such as metallic and

non-metallic conduit and trunking.

x installation methods used for TPI cable enclosed in conduit and trunking, of a finalsubcircuit for lighting or a socket outlet or an appliance.



c) Fire related cables encompassing:

x regulatory requirements for the installation of fire related cable.

x installation methods used for fire related cable, of a final subcircuit for lighting or a

socket outlet or an appliance.



d) Armoured cable encompassing:x regulatory requirements in relation to the installation of armoured cable.


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Training Package UEE06 To be reviewed by xx/xx/xx Version No.1 Page 137 of 413

x installation methods used for armoured cable of a final subcircuit for a socket outlet

or appliance.



e) Catenary supported cables and pendants encompassing:

x regulatory requirements for the installation of catenary supported cables andpendant-type socket outlets.

x installation methods used for catenary support cable system of a final subcircuit for

a socket outlet or a tracking cable for an appliance.



f) Aerial conductors encompassing:

x pole/post/strut selection

x conductor selection and spacing

x clearance requirements and safety measures

g) Underground wiring encompassing:

x categories, cables and enclosures

x depth laying, protection and other safety measures.

2.7.2 Electrical installations, equipment requirements

Evidence shall show an understanding of the installation of electrical equipment to anextent indicated by the following aspects:

a) Standards, codes and requirements applicable to installing electrical equipment.

Note:

Equipment includes switchgear and controlgear, motor starters and control devices, measuring and

monitoring devices, luminaires and associated controls, heating controls and the like.

b) Typical locations for various equipment

c) Terminal configuration for connection of phase, neutral and protective earthingconductors for each type of equipment

2.7.3 Electrical installations, safety principles and requirements

Evidence shall show an understanding of electrical protection for safety to an extentindicated by the following aspects:

a) Safety principle to which electrical systems in building and premises shall complyb) Compliant methods for providing protection.

Note:

Methods include those for providing protection against direct and indirect contact; thermal effects;

unwanted voltages; overcurrent; fault currents; overload; overvoltage; injury from mechanical

movement

c) Requirements for installation design and selection of equipment.

Note:

1. Installation design includes compliant protection arrangements; correct functioning; compatibility

with supply; estimation of maximum demands; voltage drop considerations; arrangement of circuits

and the like


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2.7.4.1 Electrical installations, protection methods and devices

Evidence shall show an understanding of electrical installations protection methods anddevices to an extent indicated by the following aspects:

a) Electrical installation safety encompassing:

x effects on the human body of various levels of a.c. and d.c. current and duration ofcurrent flow for various current paths.

x risk of ignition of flammable materials due the thermal effects of current or electric

arcs in normal service of an electrical installation.

x risk of injury from mechanical movement of electrically actuated equipment.

b) Protection against indirect contact encompassing:

x indirect contact with live parts of an electrical installation may occur.

x methods and devices that comply with the Wiring Rules for providing protection

against indirect contact.

x components of the 'automatic disconnection of supply' method of protection against

indirect contact.

x the terms touch voltage and touch current.

x the current path when a short circuit fault to exposed conductive parts of an

appliance occurs.

x protection against indirect contact is by the use of Class II equipment and by

electrical separation.

c) Earthing encompassing:

x the terms: earthed, earthed situation, equipotential bonding, multiple earthed neutral

(MEN) system, main earthing conductor, protective earthing conductor, functional

earthing.

x minimum size-earthing conductor for a range of active conductor sizes andmaterials.

x parts of an earthing system and explain the purpose of each.

x typical arrangement for a MEN earthing system.

x arrangements of protective earthing conductors that comply with the Wiring Rules.

x requirements for earthing in a range of installation situations.

x requirements for equipotential bonding in a range of installation situations.

d) Protection against overload and short circuit current encompassing:

x overload current or fault currents in an electrical installation.

x

equivalent circuit of a fault loop identifying each impedance component and theelectrical supply source.

x level of fault current possible at a given point in an installation from the fault-loop

impedance and data from the electricity supplier.

x methods and devices that comply with the Wiring Rules for providing protection

against the damaging effects of overload and fault current

e) Devices for automatic disconnection of supply encompassing:

x operating principles of thermal/magnet circuit breakers.

x operating principles of common types of fuses.

x operating principles of residual current devices (RCD).

x time/current curves tripping characteristics of various types of circuit breakers thatcomply with the requirements of the Wiring Rules.


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x time/current curves fusing characteristics of various types of fuses that comply with

the requirements of the Wiring Rules.

x time/current curves tripping characteristics of various types of RCDs that comply

with the requirements of the Wiring Rules.

x factors in a fault loop that will effect the impedance of the circuit.

x maximum impedance of a fault loop to ensure operating of a protection device in

compliance with the performance requirements of the Wiring Rules.

f) Protection against over voltage and under voltage encompassing:

x causes of over voltage and how this may effect the electrical system.

x methods for protection against over voltage.

x causes of under voltage and how this may effect the electrical system.

x methods for protection against under voltage.

2.7.4.2 Electrical installations, circuit arrangements and cable selection

Evidence shall show an understanding of electrical installations design and equipmentselection techniques to an extent indicated by the following aspects:

a) Performance requirements design consideration encompassing:

x harmful effect against which the design of an electrical installation must provide

protection.

x acceptable performance standards of a correctly functioning electrical installation.

x supply characteristics that shall be determined when designing an electrical

installation

x acceptable methods for determining the maximum demand in consumers mains and

submains

x the Wiring Rules requirements limiting voltage drop in an installation.

x reason for dividing electrical installations into circuits and the factors that shall

determine their number and type.

x typical external factors that may damage an electrical installation and that shall be

considered in the installations design.

b) Circuit arrangements encompassing:

x factors that shall be considered in determining the number and type of circuits

required for an installation.

x daily and seasonal demand for lighting power, heating and other loads in a given

installation.

x number and types of circuits required for a particular installation.

x a layout/schedule of circuits for given installations.

c) Factors affecting the suitability of wiring systems encompassing:

x wiring systems typically used with various construction methods and particular

environment.

x installation conditions that may affect the current-carrying capacity of cables.

x external influences that may affect the current-carrying capacity and/or may cause

damage to the wiring system.

x the Wiring Rules requirements for selecting wiring systems for a range of circuits,

installation conditions and construction methods into which the wiring system is to

be installed.

Note:


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Wiring systems include cable enclosures, Underground wiring, Aerial wiring, Catenary support,

Emergency systems, Busbar Trunking and Earth Sheath Return.

d) Selecting cables encompassing:

x maximum demand for the consumers main and submains for given installations up

to 400 A per phase.

x current requirements for given final subcircuits.

x cable selection standards use to select conductor size based on the maximum

current requirement while not exceeding voltage drop limitations or maximum fault

loop impedance for a given circuit.

2.7.4.3 Electrical installations, advanced methods of cable and protection

selection

Evidence shall show an understanding of advanced methods of cable and protectionselection to an extent indicated by the following aspects:

a) Faults currents and protection encompassing:x Methods of determining prospective fault current

Note.

Examples include measurement and calculation

x Protection requirements and methods

x Effects of voltage drop

b) Selection of cables encompassing:

x Short circuit performance limitations

x Effects of voltage drop

2.7.5.1 Electrical installations, testing and verification

Evidence shall show an understanding of electrical installations testing and verification toan extent indicated by the following aspects:

a) Legislated regulations encompassing:

x legislation and regulations that require installations and equipment to be tested to

ensure they are safe.

x the person/bodies responsible for the various aspects of ensuring electrical

installations are safe.

x results of tests that show an electrical installation is safe for connection to the

supply.x results of periodic inspection and tests that show construction site wiring and

equipment is safe to use.

x results of periodic inspection and tests that show electrical equipment is safe to use.

b) Testing installations encompassing:

x tests to ensure: insulation resistance is adequate; earth continuity is such that it will

ensure the operation of protection devices under earth fault conditions; polarity of

active/s and neutral for mains, submains and final subcircuits is correct; there is no

transposition of earthing and neutral conductors; fault-loop impedance is

sufficiently low; RCD for correct operation and sensitivity.

x functional tests to ensure active/s and neutral for the same circuit are clearly

identified with their circuit protection device.


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x tests that show all circuits and devices operate as intended.

x tests to determine the fault level at a particular point in an installation.

c) Documentation encompassing:

x results of tests conducted on an installation comply with requirements and ensure

the installation is safe.

x documents of the results of testing an installation as required by the local supply

authority.

x documents of periodic inspection and testing of construction site wiring and

equipment in accordance with requirement.

x documents of periodic testing and inspection of electrical equipment including

tagging requirements.

2.7.5.2 Electrical installations, testing and verification of special installations

Evidence shall show an understanding of testing and verification to an extent indicated by

the following aspects:a) Mandatory and optional testing and verification requirements applicable to specialinstallations.

Note.

Special installations include those for caravan parks, construction and demolition sites, marinas,

medical treatment areas and moveable premises and HV installation in consumers premises

b) Testing techniques

c) Features of special installations that can be visually inspected

2.7.5.3 Fire protection installations, testing and verification methods

Evidence shall show an understanding of methods for testing and verifying compliance andfunctionality of fire protection installation to an extent indicated by the following aspects:

a) Mandatory and optional testing and verification requirements applicable to fireprotection installations.

b) Testing techniques

c) Features of fire protection installations that can be visually inspected

2.7.6 Electrical installations, emergency systems

Evidence shall show an understanding of electrical requirements for emergency systems to

an extent indicated by the following aspects:a) Principles and practices of electrical emergency systems for electrical installations

Note:

Includes the use of relevant Australian Standards, Australian building code, and associated hazards

b) Arrangement and requirements for fire and smoke control equipment

c) Arrangement and requirements for emergency warning and intercommunications systems

d) Arrangement and requirements for emergency evacuation lighting

e) Arrangement and requirement for emergency power supplies

2.7.7 Electrical installations, special installation requirements

Evidence shall show an understanding of requirements for electrical installations in for


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marinas, moveable premises and caravan parks, medical treatment centres and constructionand demolition sites to an extent indicated by the following aspects:

a) Requirements for installation of wiring and equipment

b) Compliant methods for providing protection

c) Requirements for installation design and selection of equipment

d) Mandatory testing and verification requirements

2.7.8 Electrical installations, hazardous areas

Evidence shall show an understanding of requirements for electrical installations inhazardous areas to an extent indicated by the following aspects:

a) Standards and requirements applicable to hazardous encompassing:

Note:

1. Standards may be Australian/ New Zealand or IEC as applicable to a workplace in which

competency is demonstrated.

2. Requirements include wiring and equipment permitted and not permitted and installation standards

applicable to a particular explosion-protection techniques.

b) Hazardous area verification dossier and its purpose.

c) Mandatory installation documentation required as a record of the installation process,including certification documentation.

Note:

Documentation includes zone designation drawings, equipment certification and as-installed drawing

and installation modification approvals.

2.7.9.1 Electrical installations, single phase inspections

Evidence shall show an understanding of basic electrical inspection processes to an extentindicated by the following aspects:

a) Scope of inspection of single phase installations.

b) Processes for inspection of single supply arrangements, main switchboard and earthing

c) Actions and procedures for dealing with non-compliance defects.

2.7.9.2 Electrical installations, inspections and safety compliance audits

Evidence shall show an understanding of electrical inspection processes to an extentindicated by the following aspects:

a) Inspection types and their scope.

Note:

Examples include inspection of general electrical installations, special electrical installations,

hazardous areas installations, safety audits and investigations.

b) Inspection procedures

c) Processes for confirming that performance standards have been met.

d) Actions and procedures for dealing with non-compliance defects.

2.7.10 Electrical installations, determination of demand

Evidence shall show an understanding of method for determining the demand in mains,

submains and final subcircuits to an extent indicated by the following aspects:a) Acceptable methods for determining demand in mains and submains


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b) Applying calculation and assessment methods of determining demand in mains andsubmains.

2.7.11 Electrical installations, overcurrent protection

Evidence shall show an understanding of current protection to an extent indicated by thefollowing aspects:

a) Application of acceptable methods for determining prospective fault current.

b) Relationship between prospective fault current and characteristics of protective devices.

c) Relationship between overcurrent protection at various points in an electrical distributionsystem.

2.7.12 Electrical installations, overvoltage and undervoltage protection

Evidence shall show an understanding of overvoltage and undervoltage to an extentindicated by the following aspects:

a) Application of acceptable methods for determining the need for overvoltage andundervoltage protection

b) Methods and devices providing overvoltage and undervoltage protection

2.7.13 Electrical installations, programmable logic controller requirements

Evidence shall show an understanding of requirements for the installation of programmablelogic controller to an extent indicated by the following aspects:

a) Performance for safety requirements and regulations encompassing:

x Protection against mechanical movement

x environmental limitations/protection

Note.

Safety requirements are describe in Australia/New Zealand Standard (e.g. AS/NZS 3000:2000) and

adopted IEC Standards.

b) Regulations and manufacturer's installation requirements encompassing:

x physical positioning of CPU and I/O racks

x routing signal/power cables

x signal/power earthing requirements

c) Selection of related control equipment and devices

2.7.14 Procedures and processes for responding to reported electrical incidents

Evidence shall show an understanding of procedures and processes for responding toreported electrical incidents to an extent indicated by the following aspects:

a) Reporting requirements of the electricity legislation for electrical accidents oncustomers premises.

b) Responsible for investigating electrical accidents on customers premises.

c) Reporting procedures of electrical accidents on consumers premises and distributorsassets.

d) Actions to be taken when an electrical incident causes loss of life, personal injury or

property damage.e) Initial task of an investigator of an electrical incident.


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f) Extent of evidence needed to be gathered from the site of an electrical incident.

2.7.15 Causes and consequence of unsafe and misuse of electrical installations

and equipment.

Evidence shall show an understanding of causes and consequence of unsafe and misuse ofelectrical installations and equipment to an extent indicated by the following aspects:

a) Conditions and actions that could result in death, injury of property damage from anelectrical cause encompassing:

x Non-compliance defects of an electrical installation.

Note.

Compliance cover requirements set by regulations and is typical those specified by the of the Wiring

Rules, Service Rules and Building Code.

x Connection or use of unsuitable (not approved) electrical equipment and

appliances.

x Failure to follow safe working procedures.

x Deliberate misuse.

x Unacceptable rise in potential of exposed and extraneous conductive parts.

b) Causes of rise in potential of exposed and extraneous conductive parts encompassing:

x High impedance in the main or service neutral conductor of an MEN system.

x Earth faults.

x High impedance in the protective earthing under fault conditions.

x Ineffective equipotential bonding under fault conditions.

x Ineffective protective device under fault conditions.

c) Effects and consequences of current through the human body.

d) Electrical sources of fire in building and premises.

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