2nd Science Midterm Review

byTeacher Olivia

Chapter 3: Looking at Habitats

Lesson #1: Places to Live

Vocabulary Habitat: A place where plants and animals live.

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*What can animals & plants find in a habitat to live?

Animals: food, home/shelter and waterPlants: soil, rain/water, sunlight and animals

Different kinds of habitats Grassy and warm grassland

Wet and grassy pond

Cold and snowy arctic

Hot and dry desert

How do living things use their habitats?

Animals: 1) food: plants or other animals 2) shelter: hide and sleep

Plants: 1) different soil to grow 2) different weather - dry places: big stems to hold and save water

- wet places: big leaves to get rid of extra water

2nd Science Midterm Review

Chapter 3Lesson #2: Food chains and food

webs

Vocabulary Food chain: a model of the order in which

living things get the food they need.- Shows how food energy moves from one living

thing to another Food web: 2 or more food chains are

connected.- one kind of animal can be food for many bigger

animals

Food chain & food web both starts with the sun.

Vocabulary Predator: an animal that hunts other

animals for food (bigger animals) Prey: animals that are hunted by

predators (smaller animals)

Prey?

Food ChainPlants: are ‘producers’- need sun to make their own foodInsects/animals: are ‘herbivore’ - eat plants for foodSnakes: are ‘carnivore’ - eat insects for foodHawks: are ‘carnivore’- eat frogs for foodWorms: are ‘decomposers’- break the dead things up into very small

pieces

Food Chain

2nd Science Midterm Review

Chapter 3Lesson #3: Habitats Change

Vocabulary Drought: a long period of time with little

or no rain

- plants & animals can not live without water, but too much water will cause flood

- flood: when there’s too much water

Vocabulary Endanger: when many of one kind of animal die and only a few are left

Extinct: When a living thing dies out and no more of its kind live on earth• Which animals are endangered?• Which animal is extinct?

Vocabulary Fossil: What is left of a living thing from

the past- scientists get clues and study about habitats

of the past from the plants and animal fossils- _______ can help tell how animals may have

looked or moved.- Predict-If fossils do not match the habitat they were

found habitat has changed

How do habitat change Nature disaster can change habitat- no water/rain drought- too much water floods, typhoons, tsunami - fire burn and kill animals or plants Animals can change habitat- beavers make dams pond People can change habitat- cut down plants or trees - build houses or other buildings- pollutions

What happens when habitats change?

Animals- adapt to the new habitat adaptation- find new habitat migrate- many of them die endangered or

extinct (people hunt them or build on their habitat)

2nd Science Midterm Review

by Teacher Olivia

Chapter 4: Kinds of HabitatsLesson #1: Forests

Vocabulary Woodland forest: A habitat that

gets enough rain and sunlight for trees to grow well

- Winter is cold- Summer is hot

Rain forest: A habitat where it rains almost every day - Always warm, steamy and moist

Woodland forest Animals : deer, birds, bears, foxes, fish,

insects, worms and snakes* different ways to survive:- build homes in trees and sleep in logs during the

winter- sleep through winter when there’s no food

hibernate - eat different food (leaves, fruits or animals) in

different season

Plants : have leaves that - change color in different season - drop to the ground in the fall - some stay green all year

Tropical Rain Forest Animals :- live in the treetops (high): bats, insects, colorful birds- live on the ground (low): jaguars, tapirs, wild boars (wild

pigs)

Plants :- grow tall and have huge leaves- Orchids, ferns & mosses live on trees to get sunlight

animals & plants try to blend in with the trees to stay safe camouflage

2nd Science Midterm Review

Chapter 4Lesson #2: Hot and Cold

Deserts

Vocabulary Desert: a dry habitat that gets very

little rain- very hot, dry and sandy - Hot during the day- Cold at night

Arctic: a very cold near the North Pole - very cold and windy

Desert (hot and dry) Weather-Hot during the day-Cold at night Soil- sandy and rocky Plants: cactus- steams & leaves store water - roots spread out far or deep to find water- Leaves curl up during the day (why?)

Desert Animals- tortoises, snails, lizards, coyote- need to survive without much water- sleep during the day or stay in shed - come out at night to hunt for food

* Where do they get water?1. eat plants2. eat other animals

* Why do they have pale skin color?1. Stay cool

2. Hide from other animals

Arctic (cold & dry desert)

Animals- foxes, reindeer, polar bears, walruses * How do animals survive & keep warm in the

cold winter?1. thick white fur2. thick blubber (fat)

Arctic Plants- small & short sheltered from cold wind- Soil under the surface & stay frozen all

year- leaves tiny- roots shallow (short, not deep)

• Why do plants have short roots?• Why can’t plants grow tall?

2nd Science Midterm Review

Chapter 4Lesson #3: Ocean and Ponds

Vocabulary Pond: a small body of fresh water

that does not flow - has little or no salt

Ocean: a large body of salt water that is always flowing.

Pond (fresh water/doesn’t flow)

Animals- frogs, fish, turtles, snakes, insects, alligators- breathe in different ways: * insects tube * salamanders skin * fish gills

Plants- roots grow near the shore- stems, leaves, flowers grow out of the water to get

sunlight

Ocean (salt water)covers most of the earth

Animals- fish, sharks, dolphins fins or flippers help them swim- jellyfish & squid move by sucking in and forcing out water- sea turtles & clams have hard shells- Sea star & blow fish have sharp spines

• Coral reef: a living ocean habitat

Plants- Kelp kind of seaweed

provide food & shelter to other animals

Clips

Best Luck