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[www.koolearn.com ] GMAT

GMAT

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1. GMAT;est de#ict cootes as solitar animals $owling

mournfull on t$e to#s of distant $ills- in realit t$ese gregarious creatures live in stable

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grou#s t$at occu# t$e same territor for long #eriods.

A2 films about t$e American >est de#ict cootes as solitar animals $owling mournfull on

t$e to#s of distant $ills

2 in films about t$e American >est cootes are de#icted to be solitar animals t$at $owl

mournfull on t$e to#s of distant $ills %2 cootes are de#icted as solitar animals $owling mournfull on t$e to#s of distant $ills in

films about t$e American >est

D2 films about t$e American >est de#ict cootes as if t$e were solitar- mournfull $owling

animals on t$e to#s of distant $ills.

32 films about t$e American >est de#ict cootes to be solitar and mournfull $owling

animals on t$e to#s of distant $ills

3.:6126

aP'7)= ';P

3ven t$oug$ its #er ca#ita food su##l $ardl increased during two decades- stringent

rationing and #lanned distribution $ave allowed t$e Peo#le8s "e#ublic of %$ina to ensure

nutritional levels of '-;;; calories #er #erson #er da for its #o#ulation.

A2 3ven t$oug$ its #er ca#ita food su##l $ardl increased during

2 3ven t$oug$ its #er ca#ita food su##l $as $ardl increased in

%2 Des#ite its #er ca#ita food su##l $ardl increasing over

D2 Des#ite t$ere being $ardl an increase in its #er ca#ita food su##l during

32 Alt$oug$ t$ere is $ardl an increase in #er ca#ita food su##l for

aP''= 1'P

Two new studies indicate t$at man #eo#le become obese more due to t$e fact t$at t$eir

bodies burn calories too slowl t$an overeating.

A2 due to t$e fact t$eir bodies burn calories too slowl t$an overeating

2 due to t$eir bodies burning calories too slowl t$an to eating too muc$

%2 because t$eir bodies burn calories too slowl t$an t$at t$e are overeaters

D2 because t$eir bodies burn calories too slowl t$an because t$e eat too muc$

32 because of t$eir bodies burning calories too slowl t$an because of t$eir eating

too muc$

3.9 can12

be ab!e to

aP(;'= *1P

"o >ilkins was among t$e last of a generation of civil rig$ts activists w$o led t$e nation

t$roug$ decades of c$ange so #rofound man oung Americans are not able to imagine- even

less to remember- w$at segregation was like.

0

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A2 so #rofound man oung Americans are not able to imagine- even less to remember

2 so #rofound t$at man oung Americans cannot imagine- muc$ less remember

%2 so #rofound man oung Americans cannot imagine nor even less remember

D2 of suc$ #rofundit man oung Americans cannot imagine- even less can t$e remember

32 of suc$ #rofundit t$at man oung Americans are not able to imagine- muc$ less toremember

aP(;+= +0P

T$ere is am#le evidence- derived from t$e lore of traditional folk medicine- t$at naturall

occurring antibiotics are usuall able to be modified to make t$em a more effective drug.

A2 are usuall able to be modified to make t$em a more effective drug

2 are usuall able to be modified to make t$em more effective drugs

%2 are usuall able to be modified- w$ic$ makes t$em more effective drugs

D2 can usuall be modified to make t$em a more effective drug

32 can usuall be modified to make t$em more effective drugs

3.1" and12;

as #e!! as

aP'0)= 1(P

3ating saltwater fis$ ma significantl reduce t$e risk of $eart attacks and also aid for

sufferers of r$eumatoid art$ritis and ast$ma- according to t$ree researc$ studies

#ublis$ed in t$e 9ew 3ngland ?ournal of Medicine.

A2 significantl reduce t$e risk of $eart attacks and also aid for

2 be significant in reducing t$e risk of $eart attacks and aid for %2 significantl reduce t$e risk of $eart attacks and aid

D2 cause a significant reduction in t$e risk of $eart attacks and aid to

32 significantl reduce t$e risk of $eart attacks as well as aiding

a#$% P(';= 1'+P

In t$e late sevent$ centr-in a dis#ute over w$et$er t$e Pro#$et Mu$ammad8s son6in6law

-Ali -s$ould carr on as t$e fourt$ cali#$- Mu$ammads successor- Islam s#lit into two

branc$es- t$e &unnis and t$e &$iites.

A2over w$et$er t$e Pro#$et Mu$ammad8s son6in6law-Ali-s$ould carr on as t$e fourt$

cali#$- Mu$ammads successor

2over if Ali- t$e Pro#$et Mu$ammad8s son6in6law- was going to carr on and be t$e

fourt$ cali#$- Mu$ammads successor

%2over w$et$er- t$e Pro#$et Mu$ammad8s son6in6law- was going to carr on and be

t$e fourt$ cali#$- Mu$ammads successor

3.11.

as to

a#$% P(';= 1'+P

In t$e late sevent$ centr-in a dis#ute over w$et$er t$e Pro#$et Mu$ammad8s son6in6law-Ali-s$ould carr on as t$e fourt$ cali#$-Mu$ammad8s successor- Islam s#lit into two

7

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branc$es- t$e &unnis and t$e &$iites.

A2over w$et$er t$e Pro#$et Mu$ammad8s son6in6law-Ali-s$ould carr on as t$e fourt$

cali#$-Mu$ammad8s successor

2over if Ali-t$e Pro#$et Mu$ammad8s son6in6law- was going to carr on and be t$e

fourt$ cali#$-Mu$ammad8s successor%2over w$et$er- t$e Pro#$et Mu$ammad8s son6in6law- was going to carr on and be

t$e fourt$ cali#$-Mu$ammad8s successor

3.12?@A BC.

#hether$- ;

i&D

#hether or not

aP'+' 0

eond t$e immediate cas$ flow crisis t$at t$e museum faces- its survival de#ends on

if it can broaden its members$i# and leave its cram#ed ,uarters for a site w$ere it can

store and e5$ibit its more t$an 1'-;;; artifacts.

A2 if it can broaden its members$i# and leave

2 w$et$er it can broaden its members$i# and leave

%2 w$et$er or not it $as t$e ca#abilit to broaden its members$i# and can leave

D2 its abilit for broadening its members$i# and leaving

32 t$e abilit for it to broaden its members$i# and leave

aP'00 10;T$e %oast Guard is conducting tests to see w$et$er #igeons can be trained to $el# find

survivors of wrecks at sea.

A2 to see w$et$er #igeons can be trained to $el# find

2 to see w$et$er #igeons can be trained as $el# to find

%2 to see if #igeons can be trained for $el#ing to find

D2 t$at see if #igeons are able to be trained in $el#ing to find

32 t$at see w$et$er #igeons are able to be trained for $el# in finding

3.136

'#hich12

#hereaP'7 ('

In ancient times- 9ubia was t$e #rinci#al corridor w$ere t$ere were cultural influences

transmitted between lack Africa and t$e Mediterranean basin.

A2 w$ere t$ere were cultural influences transmitted

2 t$roug$ w$ic$ cultural influences were transmitted

%2 w$ere t$ere was a transmission of cultural influences

D2 for t$e transmitting of cultural influences

32 w$ic$ was transmitting cultural influences

1;

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3.14 rather than12

instead o&

aP'*1 );

In metalwork on advantage of ad$esive6bonding over s#ot6welding is t$at t$e contract-

and $ence t$e bonding- is effected continuousl over a broad surface instead of a seriesof regularl s#aced #oints wit$ no bonding in between.

A2 instead of

2 as o##osed to

%2 in contrast wit$

D2 rat$er t$an at

32 as against being at

aP(;+ +

&out$ Eorea $as witnessed t$e world8s most dramatic growt$ of %$ristian congregations/

c$urc$ members$i# is e5#anding b +.+ #ercent a ear- full two6t$irds of t$e growt$

coming from conversions rat$er t$an t$e #o#ulation increasing.

A2 coming from conversions rat$er t$an t$e #o#ulation increasing

2 coming from conversions rat$er t$an increases in t$e #o#ulation

%2 coming from conversions instead of t$e #o#ulation8s increasing

D2 is from conversions instead of #o#ulation increases

32 is from conversions rat$er t$an increasing t$e #o#ulation

3.15EFGHIGJKL 6MN

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0

aP'77 )1

T$e odds are about ) to 1 against surviving a takeover offer- and man business consultants

t$erefore advise t$at a com#an8s first line of defense in eluding offers like t$ese be to even

refuse to take calls from likel cor#orate raiders.

A2 t$at a com#an8s first line of defense in eluding offers like t$ese be to even refuse

2 t$at a com#an8s first line of defense in eluding suc$ offers be to refuse even

%2 a com#an defending itself against offers of t$is kind t$at- as a first line of defense- t$e

s$ould even refuse

D2 com#anies w$ic$ are defending t$emselves against suc$ an offer t$at- as a first line of

defense- t$e s$ould even refuse

32 t$at t$e first line of defense for a com#an w$o is eluding offers like t$ese is t$e refusal

11

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even.

4. GMAT]T6PUV

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neit$erFFFnorFFFbutoreteit$erFFForFFFrat$er t$an

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aP '+* 77

9ever t$eories #ro#ose t$at catastro#$ic im#acts of asteroids and comets ma $ave

caused reversals in t$e 3art$8s magnetic field-t$e onset of ice ages-s#litting a#art

continents 0; million ears ago-and great volcanic eru#tions.

A2s#litting a#art continents

2t$e s#litting a#art of continents

%2s#lit a#art continents

D2continents s#lit a#art

32continents t$at were s#lit a#art

=Dyhi

aP(1( 7*

&tudies of t$e $uman slee#6wake ccle $ave #ractical relevance for matters ranging

1'

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from dut assignments in nuclear submarines and air6traffic control towers to t$e staff of

s$ifts in ')6$our factories.

A2 to t$e staff of

2 to t$ose w$o staff

%2 to t$e staffing of D2 and staffing

32 and t$e staff of

aP(;; ))

T$e commission acknowledged t$at no amount of mone or staff members can ensure

t$e safet of #eo#le w$o live in t$e vicinit of a nuclear #lant- but it a##roved t$e

installation because it believed t$at all reasonable #recautions $ad been taken.

A2 no amount of mone or staff members

2 neit$er vast amounts of mone nor staff members

%2 neit$er vast amounts of mone nor numbers of staff members

D2 neit$er vast amounts of mone nor a large staff

32 no matter $ow large t$e staff or $ow vast t$e amount of mone

aP(;1 )

T$e lawer for t$e defense c$arged t$at s$e sus#ected t$e #olice of $aving illegall ta#ed

$er confidential conversations wit$ $er client and t$en used t$e information obtained to

find evidence su##orting t$eir murder c$arges.

A2 used t$e information obtained to find evidence su##orting2 used suc$ information as t$e obtained to find evidence su##orting

%2 used t$e information t$e $ad obtained to find evidence t$at would su##ort

D2 of using t$e information t$e $ad obtained to find evidence t$at would su##ort

32 of using suc$ information as t$e obtained to find evidence t$at would be su##ortive of

'. Among t$e reasons for t$e decline of 9ew 3ngland agriculture in t$e last t$ree decades

were t$e $ig$ cost of land- t$e #ressure of $ousing and commercial develo#ment- and basing

a marketing and distribution sstem on im#orting #roduce from :lorida and %alifornia.

A2 basing a marketing and distribution sstem on im#orting #roduce from :lorida and

%alifornia

2 basing a marketing and distribution sstem on t$e im#orted #roduce of :lorida and

%alifornia

%2 basing a sstem of marketing and distribution on t$e im#ort of #roduce from :lorida and

%alifornia

D2 a marketing and distribution sstem based on im#orting #roduce from :lorida and

%alifornia

32 a marketing and distribution sstem im#orting #roduce from :lorida and %alifornia as its

base

(. A fire in and enclosed s#ace burns wit$ t$e aid of reflected radiation t$at #re$eats t$e fuel-

1(

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making ignition muc$ easier and flames s#reading more ,uickl.

A2 flames s#reading

2 flame s#reads

%2 flames are caused to s#read

D2 causing flames to s#read 32 causing s#reading of t$e flames

). T$e cater#illar of t$e geometrid mot$ strikes w$en s#ecial tactile $airs on its bod are

disturbed- after ca#turing its #re- $olds t$e victim so t$at it cannot esca#e.

A2 strikes w$en s#ecial tactile $airs on its bod are disturbed-

2 striking w$en s#ecial tactile $airs on its bod are disturbed- but

%2 w$ic$ strikes w$en s#ecial tactile $airs on its bod are disturbed-

D2 w$ic$- striking w$en s#ecial tactile $airs on its bod are disturbed.

32 strikes w$en s#ecial tactile $airs on its bod are disturbed and-

*. Margaret %ourtne6%larke $as traveled to remote dwellings in t$e Transvaal to #$otogra#$

t$e art of 9debele women- w$ose murals are brilliantl colored- t$eir geometrical smmetries

embellis$ed wit$ old and new iconogra#$ and in a stle t$at varies from woman to woman

and $ouse to $ouse.

A2 w$ose murals are brilliantl colored- t$eir geometrical smmetries embellis$ed wit$ oldand new iconogra#$ and in a stle t$at varies from woman to woman and $ouse to $ouse

2 w$ose murals are brilliantl colored- t$eir geometrical smmetries are embellis$ed wit$

old and new iconogra#$- and t$eir stle is varing among women and $ouses

%2 w$ose murals are brilliantl colored- t$eir geometrical smmetries are embellis$ed wit$

old and new iconogra#$- and t$e are in stles t$at var from woman to woman and $ouse

to $ouse

D2 wit$ murals brilliantl colored- t$eir geometrical smmetries embellis$ed wit$ old and

new iconogra#$- and t$eir stle varies among women and $ouses

32 wit$ murals t$at are brilliantl colored- t$eir geometrical smmetries embellis$ed wit$

old and new iconogra#$- and t$eir stles var among women and $ouses

+. Inflation in medical costs s$owed in 170+ for t$e fift$ consecutive ear but were still about

*; #ercent greater t$an t$e rate of #rice increases for ot$er items included in t$e consumer

#rice inde5.

A2 Inflation in medical costs slowed in 170+ for t$e fift$ consecutive ear but were

2 Inflation in medical costs slowed for t$e fift$ consecutive ear in 170+ but was

%2 In 170+ inflation in medical costs were slowed for t$e fift$ consecutive ear but were

D2 170+ was t$e fift$ consecutive ear in w$ic$ inflation in medical costs slowed but was 32 170+ was t$e fift$ consecutive ear t$at inflation in medical costs were slowed- but t$e

1)

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were

. T$e most common reasons for an em#loee8s unwillingness to acce#t a transfer are t$at

mortgage rates are $ig$- $ousing in t$e new location costs more- and t$e difficult of sellingt$e old $ome.

A2 t$at mortgage rates are $ig$- $ousing in t$e new location costs more- and t$e difficult of

selling t$e old $ome.

2 t$at mortgage rates are $ig$- $ousing in t$e new location costs more- and t$at it is difficult

to sell t$e old $ome

%2 $ig$ mortgage rates- t$e greater cost of $ousing in t$e new location- and t$at t$e old

$ome is difficult to sell

D2 $ig$ mortgage rates- t$e greater cost of $ousing in t$e new location- and it is difficult to sell

t$e old $ome

32 $ig$ mortgage rates- t$e greater cost of $ousing in t$e new location- and t$e difficult of

selling t$e old $ome

4.2UV]^W[4[4_`-a]

=>_

aP'71 0

Hike ron at Missolong$i- ?ack Hondon was slowl killed b t$e mistakes of t$e medical

men w$o treated $im.

A2 Hike ron2 Hike ron8s deat$

%2 ?ust as ron died

D2 &imilar to ron

32 As did ron

asou can deal wit$ t$at t$ing-as can I as I can2.

aP'71 7

=nlike t$e acid smoke of cigarettes- #i#e tobacco- cured b age6old met$ods- ields an

alkaline smoke too irritating to be drawn into t$e lungs.

A2 =nlike t$e acid smoke of cigarettes- #i#e tobacco- cured b age6old met$ods- ields

an alkaline smoke

2 =nlike t$e acid smoke of cigarettes- #i#e tobacco is cured b age6old met$ods-

ielding an alkaline smoke

%2 =nlike cigarette tobacco- w$ic$ ields an acid smoke- #i#e tobacco- cured b age6old

met$ods- ields an alkaline smoke

D2 Differing from cigarettes8 acid smoke- #i#e tobacco8s alkaline smoke- cured b

age6old met$ods- is

32 T$e alkaline smoke of #i#e tobacco differs from cigarettes8 acid smoke in t$at it is

cured b age6old met$ods and is

1*

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aP'71 1;

It is difficult to #revent crimes against #ro#ert as t$ose t$at are against a #erson

A2 t$ose t$at are against a

2 t$ose against a

%2 it is against a D2 #reventing t$ose against a

32 it is to #revent t$ose against a

=Cyv adBadB_u_utu

=Dy~

=]y0tu6

6h>h6h>

aP'71 11

Hos Angeles $as a $ig$er number of famil dwellings #er ca#ita t$an an large cit.

A2 a $ig$er number of famil dwellings #er ca#ita t$an an large cit

2 $ig$er numbers of famil dwellings #er ca#ita t$an an ot$er large cit

%2 a $ig$er number of famil dwellings #er ca#ita t$an does an ot$er large cit

D2 $ig$er numbers of famil dwellings #er ca#ita t$an do ot$er large cities

32 a $ig$ #er ca#ita number of famil dwellings- more t$an does an ot$er large cit

aP'7' 1'

In 170; t$e =nited &tates e5#orted twice as muc$ of its national out#ut of goods as t$e

$ad in 17;.

A2 twice as muc$ of its national out#ut of goods as t$e $ad

2 double t$e amount of t$eir national out#ut of goods as t$e did

%2 twice as muc$ of its national out#ut of goods as it did

D2 double t$e amount of its national out#ut of goods as it $as

32 twice as muc$ of t$eir national out#ut of goods as t$e $ad

aP'7' 1(

:ew #eo#le reali4e t$at t$e c$ance of accidental inBur or deat$ ma be as great or greater

in t$e safet of t$eir own $omes t$an in a #lane or on t$e road.

A2 ma be as great or greater in t$e safet of t$eir own $omes t$an

2 is at least as great or greater in t$e safet of t$eir own $omes t$an

%2 mig$t be so great or greater in t$e safet of t$eir own $ome as

D2 ma be at least as great in t$e safet of t$eir own $omes as

32 can be at least so great in t$e safet of t$eir own $ome as

aP(1; 0'

1+

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>ind resistance created b o#ening windows w$ile driving results in a fuel #enalt as

great or greater t$an is incurred b using air conditioning.

A2 as great or greater t$an is incurred b using air conditioning

2 t$at is as great or greater t$an is incurred using air conditioning

%2 as great as or greater t$an t$at of using air conditioning D2 at least as great as air conditioning8s

32 at least as great as t$at incurred b using air conditioning

aP'7' 1)

Tin ,uantities of more t$an t$irt rare gases- most of t$em industrial b6#roducts-

t$reaten to warm t$e 3art$8s atmos#$ere even more ra#idl t$an carbon dio5ide during

t$e ne5t fift ears.

A2 to warm t$e 3art$8s atmos#$ere even more ra#idl t$an carbon dio5ide during t$e

ne5t fift ears

2 to warm t$e 3art$8s atmos#$ere even more ra#idl over t$e ne5t fift ears t$an

carbon dio5ide will

%2 during t$e ne5t fift ears to warm t$e 3art$8s atmos#$ere even more ra#idl t$an

carbon dio5ide

aP'7( 1

An attem#t to ratif t$e 3,ual "ig$ts Amendment- begun almost two decades ago- $as

been unsuccessful des#ite efforts b man im#ortant grou#s- including t$e 9ational

Jrgani4ation for >omen.

A2 to ratif t$e 3,ual "ig$ts Amendment- begun almost two decades ago-

2 begun almost two decades ago- for ratifing t$e 3,ual "ig$ts Amendment

%2 begun for ratifing t$e 3,ual "ig$ts Amendment almost two decades ago

D2 at ratifing t$e 3,ual "ig$ts Amendment- begun almost two decades ago-

32 t$at $as begun almost two decades ago to ratif t$e 3,ual "ig$ts Amendment

aP'7( 1+

Jne of ever two new business fail wit$in two ears.

A2 fail

2 fails

%2 s$ould fail

D2 ma $ave failed

32 $as failed

aP'7( 10

To com#are t$e lig$tning6fast genius of #lawrig$t Tom &to##ard wit$ t$e #edestrian

efforts of some of $is contem#oraries is to com#are t$e e5,uisite bou,uet of a fine wine

wit$ t$at of ordinar gra#e Buice.A2 To com#are t$e lig$tning6fast genius of #lawrig$t Tom &to##ard wit$ t$e #edestrian

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efforts of some of $is contem#oraries is to com#are t$e e5,uisite bou,uet of a fine wine

wit$ t$at of ordinar gra#e Buice.

2 To com#are t$e lig$tning6fast genius of #lawrig$t Tom &to##ard wit$ t$e #edestrian

efforts of some of $is contem#oraries is com#aring t$e e5,uisite bou,uet of a fine wine

wit$ t$at of ordinar gra#e Buice.

aP'7( 17

T$e maBor areas of medicine in w$ic$ lasers are effective is in t$e cutting and closing of

blood vessels- and in t$e destruction of tumors.

A2 is in t$e cutting and closing of blood vessels- and in t$e destruction

2 are t$e cutting and closing of blood vessels- and also t$e case of destroing

%2 are t$e cutting- closing of blood vessels- and in t$e destroing

D2 are t$e cutting and closing of blood vessels- and t$e destruction

32 is in t$e cutting and closing of blood vessels- and t$e destroing

aP'7( '1

During t$e 170;s it became clear t$at soliciting #rivate funds was far more efficient for

environmentalists w$o soug$t financial aid t$an to go to state or federal agencies.

A2 t$at soliciting #rivate funds was far more efficient for environment talists w$o soug$t

financial aid

2 t$at for environmentalists w$o soug$t financial aid- it was far more efficient to solicit

#rivate funds

%2 t$at for environmentalists seeking financial aid- #rivate organi4ations were far more

efficient to go toD2 for environmentalists seeking financial aid- going to #rivate organi4ations was far more

efficient

32 for environmentalists w$o soug$t financial aid- #rivate organi4ations were far more

efficient

aP'7) ''

At a recent session- t$e :renc$ government $as decided t$at Paris needs a second-

larger o#era $ouse to com#lement t$e famous Paris J#era.

A2 $as decided t$at Paris needs

2 decided t$at Paris needs

%2 $as decided t$at Paris will need

D2 decided t$at Paris $as a need of

32 $as decided t$at Paris needed

aP'7) '(

Alt$oug$ it was e5#ected t$at workers under fort would s$ow $ostilit to t$e #lan- t$e

researc$ re#ort indicates t$at bot$ ounger and t$e older #eo#le a##rove of governmental

a##ro#riations for &ocial &ecurit.

A2 ounger and t$e older #eo#le 2 ounger #eo#le and t$e older

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%2 t$e ounger and t$e older #eo#le

D2 ounger and older #eo#le

32 #eo#le w$o are ounger and t$ose w$o are older

aP'7* '*T$e utilit com#an $as announced t$at it will #ermanentl close its =nit I nuclear #ower

#lant- t$e first #lant t$at $ad been built b #rivate industr and t$e model for a generation

of modern nuclear reactors.

A2 t$at $ad been built b #rivate industr and

2 built b #rivate industr and w$ic$ was

%2 to be built b #rivate industr and w$ic$ was

D2 built b #rivate industr and

32 to $ave been built b #rivate industr and was

aP'7* '+

:or man travelers- c$arter vacations often turn out to cost considerabl more t$an t$e

originall seemed.

A2 t$e originall seemed

2 t$e originall seem to

%2 t$e seemingl would cost originall

D2 it seemed originall

32 it originall seemed t$e would

aP'7* 'It is a s#ecial feature of cell aggregation in t$e develo#ing nervous sstem t$at in most

regions of t$e brain t$e cells not onl ad$ere to one anot$er and also ado#t some

#referential orientation.

A2 to one anot$er and also ado#t

2 one to t$e ot$er- and also t$e ado#t

%2 one to t$e ot$er- but also ado#ting

D2 to one anot$er but also ado#t

32 to eac$ ot$er- also ado#ting

aP'7) '1

During t$e 170;s it became clear t$at soliciting #rivate funds was far more efficient for

environmentalists w$o soug$t financial aid t$an to go to state or federal agencies.

A2 t$at soliciting #rivate funds was far more efficient for environment talists w$o soug$t

financial aid

2 t$at for environmentalists w$o soug$t financial aid- it was far more efficient to solicit

#rivate funds

%2 t$at for environmentalists seeking financial aid- #rivate organi4ations were far more

efficient to go toD2 for environmentalists seeking financial aid- going to #rivate organi4ations was far

17

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more efficient

32 for environmentalists w$o soug$t financial aid- #rivate organi4ations were far more

efficient

aP'7+ '0

%limatic s$ifts are so gradual as to be indistinguis$able at first from ordinar fluctuations

in t$e weat$er.

A2 so gradual as to be indistinguis$able

2 so gradual t$e can be indistinguis$able

%2 so gradual t$at t$e are unable to be distinguis$ed

D2 gradual enoug$ not to de distinguis$able

32 gradual enoug$ so t$at one cannot distinguis$ t$em

aP'7+ '7

&artre believed eac$ individual is res#onsible to c$oose one course of action over

anot$er one- t$at it is t$e c$oice t$at gives value to t$e act- and t$at not$ing t$at is not

acted u#on $as value.

A2 eac$ individual is res#onsible to c$oose one course of action over anot$er one

2 t$at eac$ individual is res#onsible for c$oosing one course of action over anot$er

%2 t$at eac$ individual is res#onsible- c$oosing one course of action over anot$er

D2 t$at eac$ individual is res#onsible to c$oose one course of action over t$e ot$er

32 eac$ individual is res#onsible for c$oosing one course of action over ot$er ones

aP'0* 1+

Inuits of t$e ering &ea were in isolation from contact wit$ 3uro#eans longer t$an Aleuts

or Inuits of t$e 9ort$ Pacific and nort$ern Alaska.

A2 in isolation from contact wit$ 3uro#eans longer t$an

2 isolated from contact wit$ 3uro#eans longer t$an

%2 in isolation from contact wit$ 3uro#eans longer t$an were

D2 isolated from contact wit$ 3uro#eans longer t$an were

32 in isolation and wit$out contacts wit$ 3uro#eans longer t$an

aP'+( 00

T$e 3m#eror Augustus- it a##ears- commissioned an ideali4ed scul#tured #ortrait- t$e

features of w$ic$ are so unrealistic as to constitute w$at one sc$olar calls an artificial

face.

A2 so unrealistic as to constitute

2 so unrealistic t$e constituted

%2 so unrealistic t$at t$e $ave constituted

D2 unrealistic enoug$ so t$at t$e constitute

32 unrealistic enoug$ so as to constitute

';

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aP'+( 71

Hike man self6taug$t artists- Perle

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%2Hike ?o$n Mc#$ee-Ann eattie #ainstakingl assembles in $er works

D2?ust as ?o$n Mc#$ee8s -so Ann eattie8s works #ainstakingl assemble

32?ust as ?o$n Mc#$ee-so Ann eattie #ainstakingl assembles in $er works

aP('; 1(1&imilar to rising interest rates- consumer and #roducer #rices $ave been rising.

A2&imilar to rising interest rates- consumer and #roducer #rices $ave been rising.

2%onsumer and #roducer #rices $ave been rising- as $ave interest rates.

%2As interest rates are rising- so $ave consumer and #roducer #rices.

D2%onsumer and #roducer #rices $ave been rising- like interest rates do.

32%onsumer and #roducer #rices - as interest rates- $ave been rising.

5 GMATstu+Y

5.1b6

=>y@u

@us|s@u

^@ut@ut

@ustu{@un

;uCdoingsn

aP(;0

installing s#ecial electric #um#s- farmers $ouses could be $eated b t$e warmt$ from cows

milk- according to one agricultural engineer.

A2 farmers $ouses could be $eated b t$e warmt$ from cows milk- according to one

agricultural engineer.

2 t$e warmt$ from cows milk could be used b farmers to $eat t$eir $ouses- according to

one agricultural engineer

%2 one agricultural engineer re#orts t$at farmers could use t$e warmt$ from cows milk to

$eat t$eir $ouses

D2 farmers- according to one agricultural engineer- could use t$e warmt$ from cows milk to

$eat t$eir $ouses

32 one agricultural engineer re#orts t$at farmers $ouses could be $eated b t$e warmt$ from

cows milk

aP'7 (*

=#set b t$e recent downturn in #roduction numbers during t$e first $alf of t$e ear- t$e#ossibilit of adding worker incentives was raised b t$e board of directors at its ,uarterl

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meeting.

A2 t$e #ossibilit of adding worker incentives was raised b t$e board of directors at its

,uarterl meeting

2 t$e addition of worker incentives was raised as a #ossibilit b t$e board of directors at its,uarterl meeting

%2 added worker incentives was raised b t$e board of directors at its ,uarterl meeting as a

#ossibilit

D2 t$e board of directors raised at its ,uarterl meeting t$e #ossibilit of worker incentives

being added

32 t$e board of directors- at its ,uarterl meeting- raised t$e #ossibilit of adding worker

incentives

aP(;* +*

"eared a#art from eac$ ot$er- a recent =nited &tates stud s$owed striking similarities in

identical twins- including man idiosncrasies of be$avior.

A2 "eared a#art from eac$ ot$er- a recent =nited &tates stud s$owed striking similarities

in identical twins- including man idiosncrasies of be$avior.

2 "eared a#art from eac$ ot$er- striking similarities between identical twins t$at include

man idiosncrasies of be$avior were s$own in a recent =nited &tates stud.

%2 A recent =nited &tates stud s$owed striking similarities in identical twins reared

a#art from eac$ ot$er t$at include man idiosncrasies of be$avior.

D2 According to a recent =nited &tates stud- identical twins reared a#art from eac$ ot$ers$owed striking similarities- including man idiosncrasies of be$avior.

32 According to a recent =nited &tates stud- identical twins s$owed striking similarities reared

a#art from eac$ ot$er- including man idiosncrasies of be$avior.

aP(;' *'

In cold6water $abitats- certain invertebrates and fis$ convert starc$es into com#le5 carbo$drates

called glcerols- in effect manufacturing its own antifree4e.

A2 in effect manufacturing its own antifree4e

2 effectivel manufacturing antifree4e of its own

%2 in effect manufacturing t$eir own antifree4e

D2 so t$at t$e manufacture t$eir own antifree4e

32 t$us t$e manufacture of its own antifree4e

aP(;0 )

&ome of t$e tent$6centur stave c$urc$es of 9orwa are still standing- demonstrating t$at wit$

sound design and maintenance- wooden buildings can last indefinitel.

A2 standing- demonstrating t$at wit$ sound design and maintenance- wooden buildings can lastindefinitel

'(

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2 standing- demonstrating $ow wooden buildings- w$en t$e $ave sound design and

maintenance- can last indefinitel

%2 standing- t$e demonstrate if a wooden building $as sound design and maintenance it can

last indefinitel

D2 standing- and t$e demonstrate wooden buildings can last indefinitel w$en t$ere is sounddesign and maintenance

32 standing- and t$e demonstrate $ow a wooden building can last indefinitel w$en it $as

sound design and maintenance

=Cy@u

^@u\

nc>\

bc\

aP')1 1

T$e >allerstein stud indicates t$at even after a decade oung men and women still

e5#erience some of t$e effects of a divorce occurring w$en a c$ild.

A2 occurring w$en a c$ild

2 occurring w$en c$ildren

%2 t$at occurred w$en a c$ild

D2 t$at occurred w$en t$e were c$ildren

32 t$at $as occurred as eac$ was a c$ild

aP'( 1(;

In t$e last few ears- t$e number of convicted criminals given communit service sentences-

w$ic$ allow t$e criminals to remain unconfined w$ile t$e #erform s#ecific Bobs benefiting t$e

#ublic- $ave risen dramaticall.

A2 sentences- w$ic$ allow t$e criminals to remain unconfined w$ile t$e #erform s#ecific Bobs

benefiting t$e #ublic- $ave

2 sentences- #erforming s#ecific Bobs t$at benefit t$e #ublic w$ile being allowed to remain

unconfined- $ave

%2 sentences- #erforming s#ecific Bobs beneficial to t$e #ublic w$ile t$e are allowed to remain

unconfined- $ave

D2 sentences w$ic$ allow t$em to remain unconfined in t$eir #erforming of s#ecific Bobs

beneficial to t$e #ublic $as

32 sentences allowing t$em to remain unconfined w$ile #erforming s#ecific Bobs t$at benefit

t$e #ublic $as

aP(1; 0*According to =nited &tate Air :orce officials- a cannon s$ooting dead c$ickens at air#lanes $as

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#roved $el#ful to demonstrate w$at kind of damage can result w$en Bets fl into a flock of large

birds.

A2 s$ooting dead c$ickens at air#lanes $as #roved $el#ful to demonstrate

2 s$ooting dead c$ickens at air#lanes $as #roved itself $el#ful as a demonstration of %2 s$ooting dead c$ickens at air#lanes #roves itself $el#full as demonstrating

D2 t$at s$oots dead c$ickens at air#lanes #roves itself $el#ful to demonstrate

32 t$at s$oots dead c$ickens at air#lanes $as #roved $el#ful in demonstrating

aP'7+ (;

During t$e nineteent$ centur 3mil 3den and :ann Parks Bourneed t$roug$out India-

sketc$ing and kee#ing Bournals forming t$e basis of news re#orts about t$e #rincel states

w$ere t$e $ad visited.

A2 forming t$e basis of news re#orts about t$e #rincel states w$ere t$e $ad

2 t$at were forming t$e basis of news re#orts about t$e #rincel states

%2 to form t$e basis of news re#orts about t$e #rincel states w$ic$ t$e $ave

D2 w$ic$ $ad formed t$e basis of news re#orts about t$e #rincel states w$ere t$e $ad

32 t$at formed t$e basis of news re#orts about t$e #rincel states t$e

aP'7+ (1 w$ileLw$ereas

>$ile t$e owner of a condominium a#artment $as free and clear title to t$e dwelling- owners

of coo#erative a#artments $ave s$ares in a cor#oration t$at owns a building and leasesa#artments to t$em.

A2 >$ile t$e owner of a condominium a#artment $as free and clear title to t$e dwelling-

2 T$e owner of a condominium a#artment $as free and clear title to t$e dwelling- but

%2 >$ereas owners of condominium a#artments $ave free and clear title to t$eir dwellings-

D2 An owner of a condominium a#artment $as free and clear title to t$e to dwelling- w$ereas

32 %ondominium a#artment owners $ave a title to t$eir dwelling t$at is free and clear- w$ile

aP'7 ((

In a #eriod of time w$en women t#icall $ave $ad a narrow range of c$oices- Mar aker

3dd became a distinguis$ed writer and t$e founder- arc$itect- and builder of a growing

c$urc$.

A2 In a #eriod of time w$en women t#icall $ave

2 During a time in w$ic$ t#icall women $ave

%2 T#icall- during a time w$en women

D2 At a time w$en women t#icall

32 T#icall in a time in w$ic$ women

aP'7 ()?o#lin8s fait$ in $is o#era Tremonis$a was uns$akable/ in 1711 $e #ublis$ed t$e score at

'*

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$is own e5#ense and decided on staging it $imself.

A2 on staging it $imself

2 t$at $e $imself would do t$e staging

%2 to do t$e staging of t$e work b $imself D2 t$at $e $imself would stage it

32 to stage t$e work $imself

aP'7 (+

T$e rules t$at govern #olitical contributions are less stringent in local elections t$an t$e are in

national elections because t$e t#icall involve smaller amounts of mone and #resent less

o##ortunit for abuse.

A2 T$e rules t$at govern #olitical contributions are less stringent in local elections t$an t$e are

in national elections because t$e t#icall involve smaller amounts of mone and #resent less

o##ortunit for abuse.

2 ecause t$e t#icall involve smaller amounts of mone and #resent less o##ortunit for

abuse- t$e rules t$at govern #olitical contributions are less stringent in local elections t$an t$e

rules are in national elections.

%2 T$e rules t$at govern #olitical contributions are less stringent in local elections t$an national

elections because t$e t#icall involve smaller amounts of mone and #resent less o##ortunit

for abuse.

D2 ecause local elections t#icall involve smaller amounts of mone and #resent lesso##ortunit for abuse t$an national elections- t$e rules t$at govern local #olitical contributions are

less stringent t$an national contributions.

32 T$e rules t$at govern #olitical contributions are less stringent in local elections t$an t$e are

in national elections because local elections t#icall involve smaller amounts of mone and

#resent less o##ortunit for abuse.

aP')) 1'

:ormulas for cas$ flow and t$e ratio of debt to e,uit do not a##l to new small businesses

in t$e same wa as t$e do to establis$ed big businesses- because t$e are growing and

are seldom in e,uilibrium.

A2 :ormulas for cas$ flow and t$e ratio of debt to e,uit do not a##l to new small businesses

in t$e same wa as t$e do to establis$ed big businesses- because t$e are growing and are seldom

in e,uilibrium.

2 ecause t$e are growing and are seldom in e,uilibrium- formulas for cas$ flow and t$e

ratio of debt to e,uit do not a##l to new small businesses in t$e same wa as t$e do to

establis$ed big businesses.

%2 ecause t$e are growing and are seldom in e,uilibrium- new small businesses are notsubBect to t$e same a##licabilit of formulas for cas$ flow and t$e ratio of debt to e,uit as

'+

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establis$ed big businesses.

D2 ecause new small businesses are growing and are seldom in e,uilibrium- formulas for cas$

flow and t$e ratio of debt to e,uit do not a##l to t$em in t$e same wa as to establis$ed big

businesses.

32 9ew small businesses are not subBect to t$e a##licabilit of formulas for cas$ flow and t$eratio of debt to e,uit in t$e same wa as establis$ed big businesses- because t$e are growing and


aP(1( 7

More t$an five t$ousand ears ago- %$inese sc$olars accuratel described t$e flow blood as a

continuous circle controlled b t$e $eart- but it went unnoticed in t$e >est.

A2 but it went

2 but it was

%2 alt$oug$ it was

D2 but t$e discover went

32 alt$oug$ t$e discover was

)Eofn!\eac$n\

*.seemingl

.significant

significantl

a P'0 1)Dr.Tonegawa won t$e 9oble Pri4e for discovering $ow t$e bod can constantl c$ange its

genes to fas$ion a seeming unlimited number of antibodies-eac$ s#ecificall targeted at

an invading microbe or foreign substance.

A2 seeming unlimited number of antibodies- eac$ s#ecificall targeted at

2 seeming unlimited number of antibodies- eac$ targeted s#ecificall to

%2 seeming unlimited number of antibodies- all s#ecificall targeted at

D2 seeming unlimited number of antibodies- all of t$em targeted s#ecificall to

32 seeming unlimited number of antibodies- eac$ targeted s#ecificall at

a P1+ '

=nder t$e restructuring- t$e $uge organi4ation t$at o#erates t$e com#an8s basic

businesses will be divided into fove grou#s- eac$ wit$ its own e5ecutive.

A2eac$ wit$ its own e5ecutive.

2all $aving t$eir own e5ecutive

%2eac$ $aving t$eir own e5ecutive

D2wit$ its own e5ecutive for eac$

32ever one wit$ an e5ecutive of t$eir own

a P(;' *;

'

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&c$ool integration #lans t$at involve busing between suburban and central6cit areas $ave

contributed- according to a recent stud- to significant increases in $ousing integration- w$ic$- in

turn- reduces an future need for busing.

A2 significant increases in $ousing integration- w$ic$- in turn- reduces 2 significant integration increases in $ousing- w$ic$- in turn- reduces

%2 increase $ousing integration significantl- w$ic$- in turn- reduces

D2 increase $ousing integration significantl- in turn reducing

32 significantl increase $ousing integration- w$ic$- in turn- reduce

+.t$is t$athiA

aP'70 (0

?a#an received $uge sums of ca#ital from t$e =nited &tates after t$e &econd >orld >ar- using it to

$el# build a modern industrial sstem.

A2 ?a#an received $uge sums of ca#ital from t$e =nited &tates after t$e &econd >orld >ar-

using it to $el# build

2 ?a#an received $uge sums of ca#ital from t$e =nited &tates after t$e &econd >orld war and

used it to $el# in building

%2 ?a#an used t$e $uge sums of ca#ital it received from t$e =nited &tates after t$e &econd

>orld >ar to $el# build

D2 ?a#an8s $uge sums of ca#ital received from t$e =nited &tates after t$e &econd >orld >arwere used to $el# it in building

32 "eceiving $uge sums of ca#ital from t$e =nited &tates after t$e &econd >orld >ar- ?a#an

used it to $el# build

aP'77 )'

In assessing t$e #roblems faced b rural migrant workers- t$e ,uestion of w$et$er t$e are better

off materiall t$an t$e urban working #oor is irrelevant.

A2 In assessing t$e #roblems faced b rural migrant workers- t$e ,uestion of w$et$er t$e are

better off materiall t$an t$e urban working #oor is irrelevant.

2 T$e ,uestion of w$et$er t$e rural migrant worker is better off materiall t$an t$e urban

working #oor is irrelevant in assessing t$e #roblems t$at t$e face.

%2 A ,uestion t$at is irrelevant in assessing t$e #roblems t$at rural migrant workers face is

w$et$er t$e are better off materiall t$an t$e urban working #oor.

D2 In an assessment of t$e #roblems faced b rural migrant workers- t$e ,uestion of w$et$er

t$e are better off materiall t$an t$e urban working #oor is irrelevant.

32 T$e ,uestion of w$et$er t$e rural migrant worker is better off materiall t$an t$e urban

working #oor is irrelevant in an assessment of t$e #roblems t$at t$e face.

'0

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aP(;; )(

ringing t$e :ord Motor %om#an back from t$e verge of bankru#tc s$ortl after t$e &econd

>orld >ar was a s#ecial governmentall sanctioned #rice increase during a #eriod of wage and

#rice controls.

A2 ringing t$e :ord Motor %om#an back from t$e verge of bankru#tc s$ortl after t$e

&econd >orld >ar was a s#ecial governmentall sanctioned #rice increase during a #eriod of

wage and #rice controls.

2 >$at broug$t t$e :ord Motor %om#an back from t$e verge of bankru#tc s$ortl after t$e

&econd >orld >ar was a s#ecial #rice increase t$at t$e government sanctioned during a #eriod of

wage and #rice controls.

%2 T$at w$ic$ broug$t t$e ford Motor %om#an back from t$e verge of bankru#tc s$ortl

after t$e &econd >orld >ar was a s#ecial governmentall sanctioned #rice increase during a

#eriod of wage and #rice controls.

D2 >$at $as broug$t t$e :ord Motor %om#an back from t$e verge of bankru#tc s$ortl after

t$e &econd >orld >ar was a s#ecial #rice increase t$at t$e government sanctioned during a #eriod

of wages and #rice controls.

32 To bring t$e :ord Motor %om#an back from t$e verge of bankru#tc s$ortl after t$e

&econd >orld >ar- t$ere was a s#ecial #rice increase during a #eriod of wages and #rice controls

t$at government sanctioned.

aP(;; ))

T$e commission acknowledged t$at no amount of mone or staff members can ensure t$esafet of #eo#le w$o live in t$e vicinit of a nuclear #lant- but it a##roved t$e installation

because it believed t$at all reasonable #recautions $ad been taken.

A2 no amount of mone or staff members

2 neit$er vast amounts of mone nor staff members

%2 neit$er vast amounts of mone nor numbers of staff members

D2 neit$er vast amounts of mone nor a large staff

32 no matter $ow large t$e staff or $ow vast t$e amount of mone

aP(;; )*

Alt$oug$ t$e lesser cornstalk borer is widel distributed- control of t$em is necessar onl in t$e

&out$.

A2 t$e lesser cornstalk borer is widel distributed- control of t$em is

2 widel distributed- measures to control t$e lesser cornstalk borer are

%2 widel distributed- lesser cornstalk borer control is

D2 t$e lesser cornstalk borer is widel distributed- measures to control it are

32 it is widel distributed- control of t$e lesser cornstalk borer is

'7

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1;). Alt$oug$ Bust inside t$e orbit of ?u#iter- amateur astronomers wit$ good telesco#es s$ould be

able to see t$e comet wit$in t$e ne5t few weeks.

A2 Alt$oug$ Bust inside t$e orbit of 2 Alt$oug$ it is Bust inside t$e orbit of

%2 ?ust inside t$e orbit of

D2 Jrbiting Bust inside

32 est de#ict cootes as solitar animals $owling mournfull

on t$e to#s of distant $ills- in realit t$ese gregarious creatures live in stable grou#s t$at occu#

t$e same territor for long #eriods.

A2 films about t$e American >est de#ict cootes as solitar animals $owling mournfull on t$e

to#s of distant $ills

2 in films about t$e American >est cootes are de#icted to be solitar animals t$at $owl

mournfull on t$e to#s of distant $ills

%2 cootes are de#icted as solitar animals $owling mournfull on t$e to#s of distant $ills in

films about t$e American >est

D2 films about t$e American >est de#ict cootes as if t$e were solitar- mournfull $owling

animals on t$e to#s of distant $ills.

32 films about t$e American >est de#ict cootes to be solitar and mournfull $owling animalson t$e to#s of distant $ills

)0. According to surves b t$e 9ational Institute on Drug Abuse- about '; #ercent of oung

adults used cocaine in 177- doubling t$ose re#orted in t$e 17 surve.

A2 doubling t$ose re#orted in t$e 17 surve

2 to double t$e number t$e 17 surve re#orted

%2 twice t$ose t$e 17 surve re#orted

D2 twice as muc$ as t$ose re#orted in t$e 17 surve

32 twice t$e number re#orted in t$e 17 surve

)7. Two week notice being given to em#loers before leaving a Bob is t$e generall acce#ted

#rotocol.

A2 Two week notice being given to em#loers before leaving

2 Giving notice to em#loers of two weeks before $aving to leave

%2 Two week8s notice to give to em#loers before leaving

D2 Giving notice to em#loers two weeks before leaving

32 To give two weeks8 wort$ of notice before $aving to leave

(;

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aP(;' *;

&c$ool integration #lans t$at involve busing between suburban and central6cit areas $ave

contributed- according to a recent stud- to significant increases in $ousing integration-

w$ic$- in turn- reduces an future need for busing.A2 significant increases in $ousing integration- w$ic$- in turn- reduces

2 significant integration increases in $ousing- w$ic$- in turn- reduces

%2 increase $ousing integration significantl- w$ic$- in turn- reduces

D2 increase $ousing integration significantl- in turn reducing

32 significantl increase $ousing integration- w$ic$- in turn- reduce

aP(;' *;








@unsn

aP'*' )*

Delig$ted b t$e re#orted earnings for t$e first ,uarter of t$e fiscal ear- it was decided b

t$e com#an manager to give $er staff a raise.

A2 it was decided b t$e com#an manager to give $er staff a raise

2 t$e decision of t$e com#an manager was to give $er staff a raise

%2 t$e com#an manager decided to give $er staff a raise

D2 t$e staff was given a raise b t$e com#an manager

32 a raise was given to t$e staff b t$e com#an manager

@unsdoingi!ijtA

jip

aP'*1 (7

:or members of t$e seventeent$6centur As$anti nation in Africa- animal6$ide s$ields wit$

wooden frames were essential items of militar e,ui#ment- a met$od to #rotect warriors against

enem arrows and s#ears.

A2 a met$od to #rotect 2 as a met$od #rotecting

(1

7/24/2019 17320

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%2 #rotecting

D2 as a #rotection of

32 to #rotect

@u~>^@c\!>c>\

!p

@np

aP'( 1(;

In t$e last few ears- t$e number of convicted criminals given communit service sentences-

w$ic$ allow t$e criminals to remain unconfined w$ile t$e #erform s#ecific Bobs benefiting t$e

#ublic- $ave risen dramaticall.

A2 sentences- w$ic$ allow t$e criminals to remain unconfined w$ile t$e #erform s#ecific Bobs

benefiting t$e #ublic- $ave

2 sentences- #erforming s#ecific Bobs t$at benefit t$e #ublic w$ile being allowed to remain

unconfined- $ave

%2 sentences- #erforming s#ecific Bobs beneficial to t$e #ublic w$ile t$e are allowed to remain

unconfined- $ave

D2 sentences w$ic$ allow t$em to remain unconfined in t$eir #erforming of s#ecific Bobs

beneficial to t$e #ublic $as

32 sentences allowing t$em to remain unconfined w$ile #erforming s#ecific Bobs t$at benefit

t$e #ublic $as

aP(;' *'








aP(;' *)

Monitoring $eart #atients8 e5ercise- as well as at$letes e5ercising- is now done b small

transmitters broadcasting #$siological measurements to nearb recording mac$ines.

A2 Monitoring $eart #atients8 e5ercise- as well as at$letes e5ercising- is now done b smalltransmitters broadcasting #$siological measurements to nearb recording mac$ines.

('

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2 Monitoring t$e e5ercise of $eart #atients- as well as at$letes e5ercising- is now done b

small transmitters broadcasting #$siological measurements to nearb recording mac$ines

%2 &mall transmitters broadcasting #$siological measurements to nearb recording mac$ines

are now used to monitor t$e e5ercise of bot$ $eart #atients and at$letes.

D2 roadcasting #$siological measurements to nearb recording mac$ines- small transmittersare now used to monitor $eart #atients8 e5ercise- as well as at$letes e5ercising.

32 ot$ at$letes e5ercising and $eart #atients8 e5ercise are now monitored b small transmitters

broadcasting #$siological measurements to nearb recording mac$ines.

aP(;' **

**. T$e commission $as directed advertisers to restrict t$e use of t$e word natural to foods t$at

do not contain color or flavor additives- c$emical #reservatives- or not$ing t$at $as been

snt$esi4ed.

A2 or not$ing t$at $as been

2 nor ant$ing t$at was

%2 and not$ing t$at is

D2 or ant$ing t$at $as been

32 and ant$ing

aP(;' *+

%$arlotte Parkins Gilman- a late nineteent$6centur feminist- called for urban a#artment $ouses

including c$ild6care facilities and clustered suburban $ouses including communal eating andsocial facilities.

A2 including c$ild6care facilities and clustered suburban $ouses including communal eating and

social facilities

2 t$at included c$ild6care facilities- and for clustered suburban $ouses to include communal

eating and social facilities

%2 wit$ c$ild6care facilities included and for clustered suburban $ouses to include communal

eating and social facilities

D2 t$at included c$ild6care facilities and for clustered suburban $ouses wit$ communal eating

and social facilities

32 to include c$ild6care facilities and for clustered suburban $ouses wit$ communal eating and

social facilities included

aP(;' *.

Alt$oug$ t$e &u#reme %ourt ruled as long ago as 100; t$at lacks could not be e5cluded outrig$t

from Bur service- nearl a centur of case6b6case adBudication $as been necessar to develo# and

enforce t$e #rinci#le t$at all Buries must be drawn from a fair cross section of t$e

communit.

((

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A2 $as been necessar to develo# and enforce t$e #rinci#le t$at all Buries must be

2 was necessar for develo#ing and enforcing t$e #rinci#le of all Buries being

%2 was to be necessar in develo#ing and enforcing t$e #rinci#le of all Buries to be

D2 is necessar to develo# and enforce t$e #rinci#le t$at all Buries must be

32 will be necessar for develo#ing and enforcing t$e #rinci#le of all Buries being

aP(;' *0

T$e moderni4ation #rogram for t$e steel mill will cost a##ro5imatel *1 million dollars- w$ic$ it

is $o#ed can be com#leted in t$e late 170;8s.

A2 T$e moderni4ation #rogram for t$e steel mill will cost a##ro5imatel *1 million dollars-

w$ic$ it is $o#ed can be com#leted in t$e late 170;8s

2 T$e moderni4ation #rogram for t$e steel mill- $o#efull com#leted in t$e late 170;8s- will

cost a##ro5imatel *1 million dollars.

%2 Moderni4ing t$e steel mill- $o#efull to be com#leted in t$e late 170;8s- will cost

a##ro5imatel *1 million dollars.

D2 T$e #rogram for moderni4ing t$e steel mill- w$ic$ can- it is $o#ed- be com#leted in t$e late

170;8s and cost a##ro5imatel *1 million dollars.

32 Moderni4ing t$e steel mill- a #rogram t$at can- it is $o#ed- be com#leted in t$e late 170;8s-

will cost a##ro5imatel *1 million dollars.

aP(;' *0

%amus broke wit$ &artre in a bitter dis#ute over t$e nature of &talinism. A2 in a bitter dis#ute over

2 over bitterl dis#uting

%2 after t$ere was a bitter dis#ute over

D2 after $aving bitterl dis#uted about

32 over a bitter dis#ute about

aP'*' )(

In t$e minds of man #eo#le living in 3ngland- before Australia was Australia- it was t$e

anti#odes- t$e o##osite #ole to civili4ation- an obscure and unimaginable #lace t$at was

considered t$e end of t$e world.

A2 before Australia was Australia- it was t$e anti#odes

2 before t$ere was Australia- it was t$e anti#odes

%2 it was t$e anti#odes t$at was Australia

D2 Australia was w$at was t$e anti#odes

32 Australia was w$at $ad been known as t$e anti#odes

*7. %amus broke wit$ &artre in a bitter dis#ute over t$e nature of &talinism.

()

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A2 in a bitter dis#ute over

2 over bitterl dis#uting

%2 after t$ere was a bitter dis#ute over

D2 after $aving bitterl dis#uted about 32 over a bitter dis#ute about

+;. 9ow$ere in Prakta is t$e influence of modern 3uro#ean arc$itecture more a##arent t$an t$eir

government buildings.

A2 more a##arent t$an t$eir

2 so a##arent as t$eir

%2 more a##arent t$an in its

D2 so a##arent t$an in t$eir

32 as a##arent as it is in its

+1. :ederal legislation establis$ing a fund for t$e cleanu# of sites damaged b to5ic c$emicals

#ermits com#ensating state governments for damage to t$eir natural resources but does not allow

claims for inBur to #eo#le.

A2 com#ensating state governments for damage to

2 com#ensating state governments for t$e damaging of

%2 giving state governments com#ensation for damaging

D2 giving com#ensation to state governments for t$e damage of 32 t$e giving of com#ensation to state governments for damaging

5.2-,Yc

aP')) 1)

Paleontologists believe t$at fragments of a #rimate Bawbone uneart$ed in urma and

estimated at ); to )) million ears old #rovide evidence of a crucial ste# along t$e

evolutionar #at$ t$at led to $uman beings.

A2 at ); to )) million ears old #rovide evidence of

2 as being ); to )) million ears old #rovides evidence of

%2 t$at it is ); to )) million ears old #rovides evidence of w$at was

D2 to be ); to )) million ears old #rovide evidence of

32 as ); to )) million ears old #rovides evidence of w$at was

a6aim to do

c6claimycome to doycontinuea6attem#t to do

(*

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#6#ermit sb to do

s6seem to doyseek to do

aP'+) 7*

Along wit$ t$e dro# in #roducer #rices announced esterda- t$e strong retail sales figuresreleased toda seem like it is indicative t$at t$e econom- alt$oug$ growing slowl- is not

nearing a recession.

A2 like it is indicative t$at

2 as if to indicate

%2 to indicate t$at

D2 indicative of

32 like an indication of

+1. :ederal legislation establis$ing a fund for t$e cleanu# of sites damaged b to5ic c$emicals

#ermits com#ensating state governments for damage to t$eir natural resources but does not allow

claims for inBur to #eo#le.

A2 com#ensating state governments for damage to

2 com#ensating state governments for t$e damaging of

%2 giving state governments com#ensation for damaging

D2 giving com#ensation to state governments for t$e damage of

32 t$e giving of com#ensation to state governments for damaging

+'. Inflation $as made man Americans reevaluate t$eir assum#tions about t$e future/ t$e still

e5#ect to live better t$an t$eir #arents $ave- but not so well as t$e once t$oug$t t$e could.

A2 t$e still e5#ect to live better t$an t$eir #arents $ave

2 t$e still e5#ect to live better t$an t$eir #arents did

%2 t$e still e5#ect to live better t$an t$eir #arents $ad

D2 still e5#ecting to live better t$an t$eir #arents $ad

32 still e5#ecting to live better t$an did t$eir #arents

+(. T$e sale of government sur#lus mac$iner will begin at 7 a.m. and continue until t$e su##l

lasts.

A2 will begin at 7 a.m. and continue until t$e su##l lasts

2 begins at 7 a.m.- continuing until t$e su##l lasts

%2 will begin at 7 a.m. and- until t$e su##l lasts- will continue

D2 begins at 7 a.m. and- as long as t$e su##l ma last- it continues 32 will begin at 7 a.m. and continue as long as t$e su##l lasts

(+

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+). In 3ngland t$e well6dressed gentleman of t$e eig$teent$ centur #rotected t$eir clot$ing w$ile

$aving t$eir wig #owdered b #oking t$eir $ead t$roug$ a device t$at resembled t$e stocks.

A2 gentleman of t$e eig$teent$ centur #rotected t$eir clot$ing w$ile $aving t$eir wig

#owdered b #oking t$eir $ead

2 gentleman of t$e eig$teent$ centur #rotected $is clot$ing w$ile $aving $is wig #owdered

b #oking $is $ead.

%2 gentleman of t$e eig$teent$ centur #rotected t$eir clot$ing w$ile $aving t$eir wigs

#owdered b #oking t$eir $eads

D2 gentlemen of t$e eig$teent$ centur #rotected $is clot$ing w$ile $aving $is wig #owdered

b #oking $is $ead

32 gentlemen of t$e eig$teent$ centur #rotected t$eir clot$ing w$ile $aving $is wig #owdered

b #oking $is $ead

+*. "eared a#art from eac$ ot$er- a recent =nited &tates stud s$owed striking similarities in


A2 "eared a#art from eac$ ot$er- a recent =nited &tates stud s$owed striking similarities in


2 "eared a#art from eac$ ot$er- striking similarities between identical twins t$at include manidiosncrasies of be$avior were s$own in a recent =nited &tates stud.

%2 A recent =nited &tates stud s$owed striking similarities in identical twins reared a#art from

eac$ ot$er t$at include man idiosncrasies of be$avior.

D2 According to a recent =nited &tates stud- identical twins reared a#art from eac$ ot$er

s$owed striking similarities- including man idiosncrasies of be$avior.

32 According to a recent =nited &tates stud- identical twins s$owed striking similarities reared

a#art from eac$ ot$er- including man idiosncrasies of be$avior.

++. Develo#ing nations in various #arts of t$e world $ave amassed K;; billion in debts/ at stake-

s$ould a significant number of t$ese debts be re#udiated- is t$e solvenc of some of t$e world8s

largest multinational banks.

A2 s$ould a significant number of t$ese debts be re#udiated- is

2 s$ould a significant number of t$ese debts be re#udiated- are

%2 s$ould t$e re#udiate a significant number of t$ese debts- are

D2 if t$ere is a re#udiation of a significant number of t$ese debts- would be

32 if a significant number of t$ese debts will be re#udiated- is

+. &out$ Eorea $as witnessed t$e world8s most dramatic growt$ of %$ristian congregations/c$urc$ members$i# is e5#anding b +.+ #ercent a ear- full two6t$irds of t$e growt$ coming

(

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from conversions rat$er t$an t$e #o#ulation increasing.

A2 coming from conversions rat$er t$an t$e #o#ulation increasing

2 coming from conversions rat$er t$an increases in t$e #o#ulation

%2 coming from conversions instead of t$e #o#ulation8s increasing D2 is from conversions instead of #o#ulation increases

32 is from conversions rat$er t$an increasing t$e #o#ulation

+0. T$ere is am#le evidence- derived from t$e lore of traditional folk medicine- t$at naturall

occurring antibiotics are usuall able to be modified to make t$em a more effective drug.

A2 are usuall able to be modified to make t$em a more effective drug

2 are usuall able to be modified to make t$em more effective drugs

%2 are usuall able to be modified- w$ic$ makes t$em more effective drugs

D2 can usuall be modified to make t$em a more effective drug

32 can usuall be modified to make t$em more effective drugs

+7. Man investors base t$eir c$oice between bonds and stocks on com#aring bond ields to t$e

dividends available on common stocks.

A2 between bonds and stocks on com#aring bond ields to 2 among bonds and stocks on com#arisons of bond ields to

%2 between bonds and stocks on com#arisons of bond ields wit$

D2 among bonds and stocks on com#aring bond ields and

32 between bonds and stocks on com#aring bond ields wit$

To ensure consistentl $ig$ ,ualit in its merc$andise- t$e c$ain of retail stores became involved

in ever as#ect of t$eir su##lier8s o#erations- dictating not onl t$e number of stitc$es and t$e

widt$ of t$e $em in ever garment as well as t$e #rofit margins of t$ose su##liers.

A2 t$eir su##liers8 o#erations- dictating not onl t$e number of stitc$es and t$e widt$ of t$e

$em in ever garment as well as

2 its su##liers8 o#erations- dictating not onl t$e number of stitc$es and t$e widt$ of t$e $em

in ever garment as well as

%2 t$eir su##liers8 o#erations- dictating not onl t$e number of stitc$es and t$e widt$ of t$e $em

in ever garment but also

D2 its su##liers8 o#erations- dictating not onl t$e number of stitc$es and t$e widt$ of t$e $em

in ever garment but also

32 t$eir su##liers8 o#erations- dictating t$e number of stitc$es- t$e widt$ of t$e $em in ever

garment- and

(0

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1. In t$e =nited &tates- trade unions encountered far more intense o##osition against t$eir

struggle for social legitimac t$an t$e organi4ed labor movements of most ot$er democratic

nations.

A2 against t$eir struggle for social legitimac t$an

2 in t$eir struggle for social legitimac t$an did

%2 against t$eir struggle for social legitimac as

D2 in t$eir struggle for social legitimac as did

32 w$en t$e struggled for social legitimac t$an $as

'. :or man #eo#le- $ouse$old labor remains demanding even if able to afford $ouse$old

a##liances t$eir grand#arents would find a miracle.

A2 even if able to afford $ouse$old a##liances t$eir grand#arents would find a miracle

2 des#ite being able to afford $ouse$old a##liances t$eir grand#arents would find a miracle

%2 even if t$e can afford $ouse$old a##liances t$eir grand#arents would found miraculous

D2 alt$oug$ t$e could afford $ouse$old a##liances t$eir grand#arents would find miraculous

32 even if t$e are able to afford $ouse$old a##liances w$ic$ would $ave been a miracle to

t$eir grand#arents

(. In t$e most common #rocedure for $arvesting forage cro#s suc$ as alfalfa- as muc$ as ';

#ercent of t$e leaf and small6stem material- w$ic$ is t$e most nutritious of all t$e #arts of t$e

#lant- s$attered and fell to t$e ground.

A2 w$ic$ is t$e most nutritious of all t$e #arts of t$e #lant- s$attered and fell

2 t$e most nutritious of all #arts of t$e #lant- s$atter and fall

%2 t$e #arts of t$e #lant w$ic$ were most nutritious- will s$atter and fall

D2 t$e most nutritious #arts of t$e #lant- s$atters and falls

32 #arts of t$e #lant w$ic$ are t$e most nutritious- $ave s$attered and fallen

aP(; )

&ome of t$e tent$6centur stave c$urc$es of 9orwa are still standing- demonstrating t$at wit$

sound design and maintenance- wooden buildings can last indefinitel.

A2 standing- demonstrating t$at wit$ sound design and maintenance- wooden buildings can last

indefinitel

2 standing- demonstrating $ow wooden buildings- w$en t$e $ave sound design and

maintenance- can last indefinitel

%2 standing- t$e demonstrate if a wooden building $as sound design and maintenance it can

last indefinitel

D2 standing- and t$e demonstrate wooden buildings can last indefinitel w$en t$ere is sound

design and maintenance 32 standing- and t$e demonstrate $ow a wooden building can last indefinitel w$en it $as

(7

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sound design and maintenance

aP(; *

T$e medieval sc$olar made almost no attem#t to investigate t$e anatom of #lants- t$eirmec$anisms of growt$- nor t$e was w$ere eac$ was related to t$e ot$er

A2 nor t$e was w$ere eac$ was related to t$e ot$er

2 nor $ow eac$ was related to some ot$er

%2 or t$e wa w$ere one is related to t$e ne5t

D2 or t$e was in w$ic$ t$e are related to one anot$er

32 or t$e was t$at eac$ related to some ot$er

aP(; *

Jriginall #ublis$ed in 17*;- Some Tame Gazellewas arbara Pm8s first novel- but it does not

read like an a##rentice work.

A2 does not read like an a##rentice work

2 seems not to read as an a##rentice work

%2 does not seem to read as an a##rentice work would

D2 does not read like an a##rentice work does

32 reads unlike an a##rentice work

+. Jriginall #ublis$ed in 17*;- Some Tame Gazellewas arbara Pm8s first novel- but it does

not read like an a##rentice work.

A2 does not read like an a##rentice work

2 seems not to read as an a##rentice work

%2 does not seem to read as an a##rentice work would

D2 does not read like an a##rentice work does

32 reads unlike an a##rentice work

0

In t$e traditional ?a#anese $ouse$old- most clot$ing could be #acked flatl- and so it was not

necessar to $ave elaborate closet facilities.

A2 flatl- an so it was not necessar to $ave elaborate closet facilities

2 flat- and so elaborate closet facilities were unnecessar

%2 flatl- and so t$ere was no necessit for elaborate closet facilities

D2 flat- t$ere being no necessit for elaborate closet facilities

32 flatl- as no elaborate closet facilities were necessar

);

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7. T$e unskilled workers at t$e Allenb #lant reali4ed t$at t$eir $ourl rate of K).11 to K).* was

better t$an man nearb factor wages.

A2 man nearb factor wages

2 man wages in nearb factories %2 w$at are offered b man nearb factories

D2 it is in man nearb factories

32 t$at offered b man nearb factories

0;. &ince 17; t$e number of lacks elected to state and federal offices in t$e =nited &tates $as

multi#lied nearl four times.

A2 $as multi#lied nearl four times

2 $as almost ,uadru#led

%2 $as almost multi#lied b four

D2 is almost four times as great

32 is nearl fourfold w$at it was

01. India is countr wit$ at least fift maBor regional languages- of w$om fourteen $ave official

recognition.

A2 of w$om fourteen $ave official recognition

2 fourteen t$at $ave official recognition

%2 fourteen of w$ic$ are officiall recogni4ed D2 fourteen t$at are officiall recogni4ed

32 among w$om fourteen $ave official recognition

0'. >ind resistance created b o#ening windows w$ile driving results in a fuel #enalt as great or

greater t$an is incurred b using air conditioning.

A2 as great or greater t$an is incurred b using air conditioning

2 t$at is as great or greater t$an is incurred using air conditioning

%2 as great as or greater t$an t$at of using air conditioning

D2 at least as great as air conditioning8s

32 at least as great as t$at incurred b using air conditioning

0(. At t$e time of t$e Me5ican agrarian revolution- t$e most radical faction- t$at of a#ata and

$is followers- #ro#osed a return to communal owners$i# of land- to w$at $ad been a #re6

%olumbian from of owners$i# res#ected b t$e aniards.

A2 land- to w$at $ad been a #re6%olumbian form of owners$i# res#ected b t$e aniards

2 land- a form of owners$i# of t$e #re6%olumbians and res#ected b t$e aniards

%2 land- res#ected b t$e aniards and a #re6%olumbian form of owners$i# D2 land in w$ic$ a #re6%olumbian form of owners$i# was res#ected b t$e aniards

)1

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32 land t$at $ad been a #re6%olumbian form of owners$i# res#ected b t$e aniards

to@S

1.h!wx2. to;u!

7). As man as (;; of t$e '; #aintings attributed to "embrandt ma actuall be t$e works of $is

students or ot$er admirers.

A2 t$e '; #aintings attributed to "embrandt ma

2 t$e '; #aintings attributed to be "embrandt8s mig$t

%2 t$e '; #aintings t$at were attributed to be b "embrandt ma

D2 t$e '; "embrandt #aintings t$at were once attributed to $im mig$t

32 "embrandt8s #aintings- alt$oug$ '; were once attributed to $im- ma

#'+0 111

111. 3g#tians are credited as $aving #ioneered embalming met$ods as long ago as '+*; .%.

A2 as $aving

2 wit$ $aving

%2 to $ave

D2 as t$e ones w$o

32 for being t$e ones w$o

#'0+ 10

Pablo Picasso- t$e late anis$ #ainter- credited African art wit$ $aving $ad a strong influence on

$is work.

A2 wit$ $aving $ad

2 for its $aving

%2 to $ave $ad

D2 for $aving

32 in t$at it $ad

)'

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6 GMATs>

6.1de8f

n1'in'n2'that()

'g

nhi

that

aP(1( 7+

Man #sc$ologists and sociologists now contend t$at t$e deliberate and even brutal aggression

integral to some forms of com#etitive at$letics increase t$e likeli$ood of imitative violence t$at

eru#ts among crowds of s#ectators dominated b oung adult males.

A2 increase t$e likeli$ood of imitative violence t$at eru#ts

2 increase t$e likeli$ood t$at t$ere will be an eru#tion of imitative violence

%2 increase t$e likeli$ood of imitative violence eru#ting

D2 increases t$e likeli$ood for imitative violence to eru#t

32increases t$e likeli$ood t$at imitative violence will eru#t

aP(1) 1;;

According to scientists at t$e =niversit of %alifornia- t$e #attern of c$anges t$at $ave occurred in

$uman D9A over t$e millennia indicate t$e #ossibilit t$at everone alive toda mig$t be

descended from a single female ancestor w$o lived in Africa sometime between 1);-;;; and

'0;-;;; ears ago.

A2 indicate t$e #ossibilit t$at everone alive toda mig$t be descended from a single female

ancestor w$o

2 indicate t$at everone alive toda mig$t #ossibl be a descendant of a single female

ancestor w$o $ad

%2 ma indicate t$at everone alive toda $as descended from a single female ancestor w$o

$ad

D2 indicates t$at everone alive toda ma be a descendant of a single female ancestor w$o

32 indicates t$at everone alive toda mig$t be a descendant from a single female ancestor

w$o

aP(17 1'(

)(

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T$e lack of com#lete $istorical records from t$e mid6to6late 10;;8s $ave made some

lack inventions difficult to trace to t$eir originators.

A2$ave made some lack inventions difficult to trace to t$eir originators

2$ave made for difficulties in tracing some inventions b lack to t$eir originators

%2$ave made it difficult to trace some inventions b lack to t$eir originatorD2$as made it difficult to trace some inventions to t$eir lack originators

32$as made it difficult in tracing some lack inventions to t$eir originators

aP(1; 0)

3ven t$oug$ ela artok8s music $as #roved less #o#ular t$an Igor &travinsk8s and less

influential t$an Arnold &c$onberg8s- it is no less im#ortant.

A2 &travinsk8s and less influential t$an Arnold &c$onberg8s- it

2 &travinsk8s and less influential t$an Arnold &c$onberg8s- $e

%2 &travinsk8s is and less influential t$an Arnold &c$onberg8s is- it

D2 &travinsk and not as influential as Arnold &c$onberg- $e

32 &travindk and not as influential as Arnold &c$onberg- it

0*. According to =nited &tate Air :orce officials- a cannon s$ooting dead c$ickens at air#lanes $as

#roved $el#ful to demonstrate w$at kind of damage can result w$en Bets fl into a flock of large

birds.

A2 s$ooting dead c$ickens at air#lanes $as #roved $el#ful to demonstrate 2 s$ooting dead c$ickens at air#lanes $as #roved itself $el#ful as a demonstration of

%2 s$ooting dead c$ickens at air#lanes #roves itself $el#full as demonstrating

D2 t$at s$oots dead c$ickens at air#lanes #roves itself $el#ful to demonstrate

32 t$at s$oots dead c$ickens at air#lanes $as #roved $el#ful in demonstrating

0+. In $is eagerness to find a cit wort$ of Priam- t$e German arc$aeologist &c$liemann cut

t$roug$ Tro and uncovered a civili4ation a t$ousand ears older as was t$e cit

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A2su#erficial suc$ as w$en eac$ of t$e t$ree maBor networks

2su#erficial- as can somet$ing occur if all of t$e t$ree maBor networks

%2su#erficial if t$e t$ree maBor networks all

D2su#erficial w$enever eac$ of t$e t$ree maBor networks

32su#erficial- as w$en t$e t$ree maBor networks eac$

aP(11 00

&ince t$e 17(;8s aircraft manufacturers $ave tried to build air#lanes wit$ frictionless wings-

s$a#ed so smoot$l and #erfectl t$at t$e air #assing over t$em would not become turbulent.

A2 wings- s$a#ed so smoot$l and #erfectl

2 wings- wings so smoot$ and so #erfectl s$a#ed

%2 wings t$at are s$a#ed so smoot$ and #erfect

D2 wings- s$a#ed in suc$ a smoot$ and #erfect manner

32 wings- wings $aving been s$a#ed smoot$l and #erfectl so

07. Most victims of infectious mononucleosis recover after a few weeks of listlessness- but an

unluck few ma suffer for ears.

A2 but an unluck few ma suffer

2 and an unluck few $ave suffered

%2 t$at an unluck few mig$t suffer

D2 t$at a few being unluck ma suffer 32 but a few w$o- being unluck- suffered

7;. It was t$e loss of revenue from declines in tourism t$at in 17(* led t$e &audi aut$orities8

granting a concession for oil e5#loration to t$e com#an t$at would later be known b t$e name of

Aramco.

A2 aut$orities8 granting a concession for oil e5#loration to t$e com#an t$at would later be

known b t$e name of

2 aut$orities8 granting a concession for oil e5#loration to t$e com#an later to be known as

named

%2 aut$orities granting a concession for oil e5#loration to t$e com#an t$at would later be

known b t$e name of

D2 aut$orities to grant a concession for oil e5#loration to t$e com#an t$at later will be known

as being

32 aut$orities to grant a concession for oil e5#loration to t$e com#an later to be known as

71. :ramed b traitorous colleagues- Alfred Drefus was im#risoned for twelve ears before t$erewas e5oneration and $is freedom.

)*

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A2 t$ere was e5oneration and $is freedom

2 $e was to be e5onerated wit$ freedom

%2 being e5onerated and freed

D2 e5oneration and $is freedom 32 being freed- $aving been e5onerated

7'. studing t$e #rimitive visual sstems of single6cell a,uatic organisms- bio#$sicists $ave

discovered a striking similarit between algae and cows- a similarit t$at indicates t$e common

evolutionar origin of #lants and animalsN bot$ algae and cows #roduce a lig$t6sensitive #rotein

called r$odo#sin.

A2 bio#$sicists $ave discovered a striking similarit between algae and cows

2 a striking similarit between algae and cows $as been discovered b bio#$sicists

%2 t$ere is a striking similarit t$at bio#$sicists $ave discovered between algae and cows

D2 t$e discover of a striking similarit between algae and cows was made b bio#$sicists

32 algae and cows $ave a striking similarit t$at was discovered b bio#$sicists.

7(. ecause oung c$ildren do not organi4e t$eir attention or #erce#tions sstematicall- like

adults- t$e ma notice and remember details t$at t$eir elders ignore.

A2 like adults

2 unlike an adult %2 as adults

D2 as adults do

32 as an adult

7). As man as (;; of t$e '; #aintings attributed to "embrandt ma actuall be t$e works of $is

students or ot$er admirers.

A2 t$e '; #aintings attributed to "embrandt ma

2 t$e '; #aintings attributed to be "embrandt8s mig$t

%2 t$e '; #aintings t$at were attributed to be b "embrandt ma

D2 t$e '; "embrandt #aintings t$at were once attributed to $im mig$t

32 "embrandt8s #aintings- alt$oug$ '; were once attributed to $im- ma

7*. &tudies of t$e $uman slee#6wake ccle $ave #ractical relevance for matters ranging from

dut assignments in nuclear submarines and air6traffic control towers to t$e staff of s$ifts in ')6

$our factories.

A2 to t$e staff of 2 to t$ose w$o staff

)+

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%2 to t$e staffing of

D2 and staffing

32 and t$e staff of

aP(1( 7+

Man #sc$ologists and sociologists now contend t$at t$e deliberate and even brutal

aggression integral to some forms of com#etitive at$letics increase t$e likeli$ood of

imitative violence t$at eru#ts among crowds of s#ectators dominated b oung adult

males.

A2 increase t$e likeli$ood of imitative violence t$at eru#ts

2 increase t$e likeli$ood t$at t$ere will be an eru#tion of imitative violence

%2 increase t$e likeli$ood of imitative violence eru#ting

D2 increases t$e likeli$ood for imitative violence to eru#t

32increases t$e likeli$ood t$at imitative violence will eru#t

70. &everal studies $ave found t$at t$e coronar #atients w$o e5ercise most activel $ave $alf or

less t$an $alf t$e c$ance of ding of a $eart attack as t$ose w$o are sedentar.

A2 $ave $alf or less t$an $alf t$e c$ance of ding of a $eart attack as t$ose w$o are sedentar

2 $ave $alf t$e c$ance- or less- of ding of a $eart attack t$an t$ose w$o are sedentar do

%2 $ave $alf t$e c$ance t$at t$e will die of a $eart attack- or less- t$an t$ose w$o are sedentar

do D2 are at least fift #ercent less likel to die of a $eart attack as t$ose w$o are sedentar

32 are at least fift #ercent less likel t$an t$ose w$o are sedentar to die of a $eart attack

77. Most nations regard t$eir airs#ace as e5tending u#ward as $ig$ as an aircraft can fl/ no

s#ecific altitude- $owever- $as been officiall recogni4ed as a boundar.

A2 as e5tending

2 as t$e e5tent

%2 to be an e5tent

D2 to be an e5tension

32 to e5tend

1;;. According to scientists at t$e =niversit of %alifornia- t$e #attern of c$anges t$at $ave

occurred in $uman D9A over t$e millennia indicate t$e #ossibilit t$at everone alive toda

mig$t be descended from a single female ancestor w$o lived in Africa sometime between 1);-;;;

and '0;-;;; ears ago.

A2 indicate t$e #ossibilit t$at everone alive toda mig$t be descended from a single femaleancestor w$o

)

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2 indicate t$at everone alive toda mig$t #ossibl be a descendant of a single female

ancestor w$o $ad

%2 ma indicate t$at everone alive toda $as descended from a single female ancestor w$o

$ad

D2 indicates t$at everone alive toda ma be a descendant of a single female ancestor w$o 32 indicates t$at everone alive toda mig$t be a descendant from a single female ancestor

w$o

Part I GMATP

(. &ome bat caves- like $onebee $ives- $ave residents t$at take on different duties suc$ as

defending t$e entrance- acting as sentinels and to sound a warning at t$e a##roac$ of danger- and

scouting outside t$e cave for new food and roosting sites.

A2 acting as sentinels and to sound

2 acting as sentinels and sounding

%2 to act as sentinels and sound

D2 to act as sentinels and to sound

32 to act as a sentinel sounding

). T$e onl wa for growers to salvage fro4en citrus is to #rocess t$em ,uickl into Buiceconcentrate before t$e rot w$en warmer weat$er returns.

A2 to #rocess t$em ,uickl into Buice concentrate before t$e rot w$en warmer weat$er returns

2 if t$e are ,uickl #rocessed into Buice concentrate before warmer weat$er returns to rot

t$em

%2 for t$em to be #rocessed ,uickl into Buice concentrate before t$e fruit rots w$en warmer

weat$er returns

D2 if t$e fruit is ,uickl #rocessed into Buice concentrate before t$e rot w$en warmer weat$er

returns

32 to $ave it ,uickl #rocessed into Buice concentrate before warmer weat$er returns and rots t$e

fruit

*. %arbon61) dating reveals t$at t$e megalit$ic monuments in rittan are nearl '-;;; ears as

old as an of t$eir su##osed Mediterranean #redecessors.

A2 as old as an of t$eir su##osed

2 older t$an an of t$eir su##osed

%2 as old as t$eir su##osed D2 older t$an an of t$eir su##osedl

)0

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32 as old as t$eir su##osedl

+. In virtuall all t#es of tissue in ever animal s#ecies- dio5in induces t$e #roduction of en4mes

t$at are t$e organism8s tring to metaboli4e- or render $armless- t$e c$emical t$at is irritating it .

A2 tring to metaboli4e- or render $armless- t$e c$emical t$at is irritating it

2 tring t$at it metaboli4e- or render $armless- t$e c$emical irritant

%2 attem#t to tr to metaboli4e- or render $armless- suc$ a c$emical irritant

D2 attem#t to tr and metaboli4e- or render $armless- t$e c$emical irritating it

32 attem#t to metaboli4e- or render $armless- t$e c$emical irritant

. Dr.

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2 t$at t$e believe it to be

%2 t$e believe t$at it is of

D2 t$e believe t$at is

32 t$e believe to be of

1;.

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ratio of debt to e,uit in t$e same wa as establis$ed big businesses- because t$e are growing and


1(. &tate officials re#ort t$at soaring rates of liabilit insurance $ave risen to force cutbacks in t$e

o#erations of evert$ing from local governments and sc$ool districts to da6care centers andrecreational facilities.

A2 rates of liabilit insurance $ave risen to force

2 rates of liabilit insurance are a force for

%2 rates for liabilit insurance are forcing

D2 rises in liabilit insurance rates are forcing

32 liabilit insurance rates $ave risen to force

1). Paleontologists believe t$at fragments of a #rimate Bawbone uneart$ed in urma and estimated

at ); to )) million ears old #rovide evidence of a crucial ste# along t$e evolutionar #at$ t$at led

to $uman beings.

A2 at ); to )) million ears old #rovide evidence of

2 as being ); to )) million ears old #rovides evidence of

%2 t$at it is ); to )) million ears old #rovides evidence of w$at was

D2 to be ); to )) million ears old #rovide evidence of

32 as ); to )) million ears old #rovides evidence of w$at was

1*. In $is researc$ #a#er- Dr. :ros$- medical director of t$e Pane >$itne %linic- distinguis$es

mood swings- w$ic$

17320

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