12345

1NaClCsCl23

1

() ()

()

2.(1) (2)

1(1) 4

(2) CO2 CO2 CO2

412

2(1) (2) sp3109.54

1(1)

(2)

1(1) (2) 2(1) 466Po()

(2) (3) 12 NaKFe8ABABABCABC74%

1(1) ( )(2) 2(1) (2) (3)

3

1 1 2(1) (2) (3) kJmol1Jmol1kJmol1

[1](2008) ()ASiO2CsClCBr4CF4BSiO2CsClCF4CBr4CCsClSiO2CBr4CF4 DCF4CBr4CsClSiO2

[]SiO2CsClSiO2CF4CBr4[]A

1

()()(Cr)(Na)()

(NaOH)(NaCl)(Na2O)()(P4)()()()

2.(1)

(2)(K2ONa2O2)(NaOHKOH)()(SiO2)()()

(3)10001000(4)()

(5)

3(1)>>(2)>>

(3)MgO>MgCl2>NaCl>CsCl(4)H2O>H2Te>H2Se>H2SSnH4>GeH4>SiH4>CH4.

()CO>N2CH3OH>CH3CH3CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3>

(5)Na

1SiCl4CCl4 ()ASiCl4BSiCl4CSiCl4DSiCl4CCl4

[]CCl4SiCl4SiCl4CCl4CCl4SiCl4CCl4CCl4SiCl4[]B

2(2008) ()A9BPCl3BCl38CH2SCS2D[]A10BBCl3B8CCS2CO2ABCD[]D

3(2008) ()A6BCD

[]ANaClNa6ClCl6NaCsCl8ABBCD[]D

[2]NaClCsCl

(1)()________________________(2)________________(3)NaCl________NaNa________(4)CsCl________________Cs________Cl(5)________________CO2________CO2

[]NaClNa6ClCl6NaNaNaCl12Naxyz4CsClCsClCs1ClClCsCl8CsCs8ClCO2CO2

CO2xyz4CO212CO24311/361/32[](1)D4(2)E2(3)A12(4)C8(5)B12

1

8Cs8Cl(CsCl)Cs(

)Cl8Cs(a)Cs6()ClCl6

8CO261CO2

CO2( a)CO212(444)

C4CCC(10928)6CC4CCCCC12

SiO2Si4OOSiOSiO

1(4 )12

2.

81212()LiNaKRbCsCaSrBaTiVNbTaCrWFeCaSrCuAgAlPbNiPdPtBeMgCaSrCoNiZnCdTi

68.02%74.05%74.05%

3.(1)

NaCl66CsCl88

(2)

(3)

()

()

1 ()

(Ca2O2Ti4)ABCaTiO3Ti412O2CSiO2D

[]BTi4Ti48812O2ACSiO24D[]B

2()2Csa cmMNA ()A8M/(NAa3)gcm3BMa3/(8NA)gcm3CM/(NAa3)gcm3DMa3/NA gcm3

[]C

[]Cl8eq \f(1,8)1Cs1eq \f(m,V)eq \f(\f(1,NA)M,a3)

3(CaF2)Ca28FFCa2 ( )A2 B4C6 D8[]CaF2n(Ca2)n(F)12FCa24[]B

[3]())()2.2 g/cm36.021023 mol1()A3.0108 cmB3.5108cmC4.0108 cm D5.0108 cm

[]NaCladNaNaeq \f(1,8)4eq \f(1,2)Cleq \f(1,8)4eq \f(1,2)NaCleq \f(1,2)

eq \f(m,V)eq \f(\f(58.5 gmol1,6.021023 mol1),a3)eq \f(1,2)2.2 gcm3

[]C

a2.81108 cm

deq \r(2)aNadeq \r(2)2.81108cm4.0108 cm

n()eq \f(1,n)()

1()

(1)8eq \f(1,8)

(2)4eq \f(1,4)

(3)2eq \f(1,2)

(4)1

2()(1)1/3

1(2008)XYZ()

AZXY3 BZX2Y6CZX4Y8 DZX8Y12

[]A

[]

842X8eq \f(1,8)1Y12eq \f(1,4)3Z1ZXY3

2()TiTi() ()A8BaTi8O12 B8BaTi4O9C6BaTiO3 D3BaTi2O3

[]C

[]Ba1O12eq \f(1,4)3Ti8eq \f(1,8)1TiTi6

3abcabc()

A321 B1184C984 D21149

[]A

[]a

12eq \f(1,6)2eq \f(1,2)36

b

8eq \f(1,8)6eq \f(1,2)4

c8eq \f(1,8)12

abc642321

[]3

(1)(KO2)02KO2KK________02________(2)(H3BO3)H3BO3()________()

H3BO3H3BO381 mol H3BO33 mol1 mol H3BO33 molH3BO3 H3BO3

(3)________CC________[](1)NaClKO2KK12KO2002

(2)H3BO3H3BO3H3BO3H3BO3HB81 mol H3BO36 3 molH3BO3 ,

1 mol H3BO36 molH3BO3

(3)

[](1)1231(2)(3)23

1 ()ABCD

[][]B

2NaFNaIMgONaCl ()

A.>>B>>C>> D>>[][]B

NaFNaIMgO112(1010m)2.313.182.10

3A1()A456101112B234 5 6 7C145 6 8D12148115

[](Po)()()()A1(A1)ABBA()CCBA()(CA)

ABCABCABC

B2,3,4,5,6,78,9,10,11,12,134,5,6,9,13,141,5,7,8,9,10

[]B

420046 ()AMgB BMgB2CMg2B DMg3B2

[]12MgB2[]B

5 ()ABCD[]ABSiOCD

[]C

6(200927)(1)CuBCu2________________(2)____________

(3)CuSO45H2O[Cu(H2O)4]SO4H2O

____________()Asp3BCD(4)[Cu(NH3)4]2NF3NH3NF3Cu2___________(5)Cu2OCu2S________()_______________

[][](1)1s22s22p63s23p63d9[Ar]3d9(2)4(3)BD(4)FNNFFNF3NNF3Cu2(5)Cu2OCu2SO2S2Cu2O

7(2009194)ABCDE36A4BCDEE1187DE5DB

(1)A________(2)B________C______BACA___________________(3)E________________________2________(4)DB________agcm3________()

[]DE118E7E4BD4DB12DCaBBFCClA4AH(2)(3)2[Ar]3d5

[](1)(2)FCl(3)B1s22s22p63s23p63d5

8(200921A)(COCO2H2)H2(1)CuZnAlZn________(2)CO________(3)Cu(OH)2Cu2O________________

________1 mol________1Cu2O()Cu________

[](3)OHCsp23(4)4Cu[](1)1s22s22p63s23p63d104s2[Ar]3d104s2

(3)sp23NA4