إنشاءات معدنية

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كبريت فورفس منجنيزليكونيس كربون

.٠٥ ٢ ١ .٥ ٣.٥ خام حديد توماس

.٠٤ ٥.٢ ٦.٢ ١ ٤ خام حديد صلب

. ٦ ١ ١ ٣ ٣ خام حديد اسبنك


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العصب

( ارتفاع العصب ) hمم ز املسموحاوالتج من حىت ممحد اقصى

0.5 100 - 1.0 200 100 1.5 400 200

• אאW٤×٣٠×٣٠

DIN EN 10025, 17100 المواصفات األلمانية على سبيل المثال و حسب

a = الضلعطول

t = التخانة

א a א

t

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١٢٠C٥٨C٥DIN EN 10025, 17100 - אאא

اإلرتفاع

h مم

الشفة

b مم

سمك الشفة

t مم

دوران الشفة

r مم

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م/آجم

سمك العصب

s مم

120+ 2 58 + 1.5 7.7+ 0.5 5.1 11.1 5.1 + 0.5

• IPNאאאאK Profiles IPN according to the following standardsDIN 1025-1:1995; EN 10024:1995


Type األرتفاع

h عرض الشفة

b

سمك العصبs

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نصف القطرr

متر ١وزن لكل mass of 1 meter

[mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [kg/m]

IPN 80 80 42 3,9 5,9 3,9 5,94

IPN 100 100 50 4,5 6,8 4,5 8,34

IPN 120 120 58 5,1 7,7 5,1 11,1

IPN 140 140 66 5,7 8,6 5,7 14,3

IPN 160 160 74 6,3 9,5 6,3 17,9

IPN 180 180 82 6,9 10,4 6,9 21,9

IPN 200 200 90 7,5 11,3 7,5 26,2

IPN 220 220 98 8,1 12,2 8,1 31,1

IPN 240 240 106 8,7 13,1 8,7 36,2

IPN 300 300 125 10,8 16,2 10,8 54,2

IPN 340 340 137 12,2 18,3 12,2 68

IPN 360 360 143 13 19,5 13 76,1

IPN 400 400 155 14,4 21,6 14,4 92,4

IPN 450 450 170 16,2 24,3 16,2 115

IPN 500 500 185 18 27 18 141

IPN 550 550 200 19 30 19 166


• אאאBS4: Part1: 1993

Universal Columns

Type h b s t r mass of 1 meter


UC 152x152x23 152,4 152,2 5,8 6,8 7,6 23

UC 152x152x30 157,6 152,9 6,5 9,4 7,6 30

UC 152x152x37 161,8 154,4 8 11,5 7,6 37

UC 203x203x46 203,2 203,6 7,2 11 10,2 46,1

UC 203x203x52 206,2 204,3 7,9 12,5 10,2 52

UC 203x203x60 209,6 205,8 9,4 14,2 10,2 60

UC 203x203x71 215,8 206,4 10 17,3 10,2 71


• אאאאBS4: Part1: 1993

Universal Beams



UB 203x133x25 203,2 133,2 5,7 7,8 7,6 25,1

UB 203x133x30 206,8 133,9 6,4 9,6 7,6 30

UB 254x102x23 254 101,6 5,7 6,8 7,6 22


• אאאאASTM A6/A 6M-04a



W 6x15 152 152 5,8 6,6 6 22,5

W 6x20 157 153 6,6 9,9 6 29,8

W 6x25 162 154 8,1 11,6 6 37,1

W 8x18 207 133 5,8 8,4 8 26,6

W 8x21 210 134 6,4 10,2 8 31,3

W 8x31 203 203 7,2 11 10 46,1

W 8x35 206 204 7,9 12,6 10 52

W 8x40 210 205 9,1 14,2 10 59

W 8x48 216 206 10,2 17,4 10 71

W 10x12 251 101 4,8 5,3 8 17,9

W 10x15 254 102 5,8 6,9 8 22,3

W 10x17 257 102 6,1 8,4 8 25,3

W 10x19 260 102 6,4 10 8 28,4


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reqA –אא

אא100 r

K.L λ ==

אאאW

١ JאNאאFby , bx LLE

٢ JאreqA pBfN reqA =

pBfאאא

/cm2 0.7 tZ2Kg/cm 700 =pBf

٣ JאאאFyi , xi , AE

٤ JאאW

JאFyx λ,λEW

xbx

xbx

iL

x , i

L x λλ ==


JאאFyλ , xλE

Jλ١٠٠W

J100 <λ ⇒ 2λ - 0.061400=pBf

J100 >λ ⇒ 2

610λx 7 =pBf

٥ JאאאpBact f fAN ≤=

pBact f f ≤

pBact ff >

W

א٤٠אאm 4.5 by L =m 6 bx L =

אW

١ J cm 450 =by L cm 00 6 =bx L N = 40 t

٢ J2cm 57.14

0.740

fN reqA pB

===


٣ J 180 .. IFB

2cm65.8A = cm7.63xi = cm4.55iy =

٤ Jאא

78.64 7.63600

iL

xxbxλ ===

98.90 4.55450

i

L

y

byyλ ===

Z٩٠}٩٨yλ 100<

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AN 22 Kg/cm 607.9 t/cm0.6079

65.8 40 ====actf

22 Kg/cm813.13Kg/cm 607.9 =<= pBffact

א


W

א٢٠א א m 2.40 xL =א א א ،

m 3.00 Ly =K

א100 r

K.L λ == אא2אKg/cm 700 fC =

אW

١KאאreqA

2cm 28.60 28.57 2Kg/cm 700

Kg 20000 cfF reqA ≅===

אאא

2cm 14.3

228.60 L 1 of A ==

9x 90x 90L2אאW אאא2cm 15.5 L 1 of A =


• HאW

HאאאאW

١ JאNא xMאא

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٣ JאאאFxZ yi , xi , A ,EK

٤ JאאאW

Jאyλ,xλ Jאאא Jλ١٠٠W

Jλ١٠٠W

١ J100 <λ ⇒ 2 0.06 - 1400 λ=pBf

٢ J 100 >λ ⇒ 2

610 x 7

λ=pBf

٥ JאאאW

2 t/cm1.4 xx x

ANx ≤±=

ZM

pBfptf

actf

א.41 actf ≤ .41 actf ≤


• אא

אאאאFאאאEאאאא

א א א א א

אאZ אWZM =BV

אאW

١ JאW ٢ JאxM ٣ JאxQ ٤ J

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א 2kg/cm 1400 2 t/cm1.4 ==ptf

٦ J אא reqZFZx IxE

٧ J אא

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A

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٨ J אאW360L max =∆≤∆act

4LL

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W LLW JאאאFt/mE L Jא E JאF2t/cmE

אא

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M

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W

א א١٢ א٥א אא٢אKאא١٠٠kg/m2אא

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א ٠٥}٠t/m

א 1.45 t/m =WD + L

אא t.m4.53

825 x 1.45

8

2LL L W

max ===M

אא t3.62 2

5 x 1.45 2

LL L W max ===Q

2cm 323.57 1.4

100 x 4.53 ptxM

===freqZ

אאB.F.I N0. 160 , Zx=329 cm3 , Ix=2630 cm4

22 cm 1.4 cm37.1329

100 x 4.53 xx t/ t/ <==≤= ptf

ZM

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A

W

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t)2 -(h x S W A = S = 0.9 cm , h=1.60 cm , t=1.4 cm

2cm 11.88 1.4) x 2 - (1.6 0.9 t)2 -(h x S W A ===

2 t/cm0.84 2 t/cm0.304

11.883.62

WAxQ

<===actq


cm 1.38 360500

360L max ===∆≤∆act

2cm 2.13

2630 x 2100 x 384 4500 x 0.0145 x 5

4LL

IE 384 L W5

===∆act

2cm 38.1360L max 2cm 2.13 ==∆>=∆act

אא

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Buttonhead

Countersunkhead

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Trusshead

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א א א K א א א אא א (Welding process) :

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א אאאK Jא א א א א א א א

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א א א אא א א א K J א א א K J א אא אאK J א ، א א א אאK J א א אK

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אא (High Strength Steel) אא :

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٢.אא Advantages of Welding

אאאאאאאאאאאאאאאFGusset PlatesEאא

אאא،אאאא،אא،אאאא،א،א

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٥.אא

אDisadvantages of Welding

• אא • אאאא

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אא Z٣٤٠x 300 x 200 mm

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א angle א א ( L ) א base plat אא א

bayא אFאE FאE beamsא א א

bolts F E brace

brace rods butt plate channel section א א (U)

FCE “C” shapeאFcE א cold formed א א א א

columnא א א א FE continuous beam א

continuous inspection

א א Lא אא א? אא

erectorא א א expansion jointא א

fabricatorא א אאאא FE flat א א ١٠٠

field א א

א א filler metal and flux for weldingא ، ،א א

א floor plateא א א girders FE א

אאFE girt אא

FE grillage beams FEא

FE gusset plate אאאא

א ٢٥٦ א א

א

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אhigh strength bolt

א F E hillside washer א א א

א hot rolled

א א א א

HP HP shape

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inspection

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FM E M shape

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notations for welding

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1. Stanley, W. Crawley & Robert, M. Dillon (1993), Steel Buildings, Analysis and Design, 4th Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2. Vazirani, V. N. & Ratwani, M. M. (1984), Steel Structures, Analysis. Design and Details of Structures, Vol. III, Khanna Publishers, Delhi. 3. Edwin, H. Gaylord, Jr. , Charles, N. Gaylord & James, E. Stallmeyer (1992), Design of Steel Structures, 3rd Edition, McGraw-Hill, Inc. 4. Russell C. Hibbeler (1995), Structural Analysis, 3rd Edition, Prentice Hall International, Inc. 5. Robert Englekirk (1994), Steel Structures, Controlling Behavior Through Design, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

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مقدمه تمهيدالحديد و : ىلواال الوحدة ٦.......................................................................................الفوالذمــقــد . ١

...........................................................................................................مــة.٧

صناعة الحديد و الفوالذ2..........................................................................................٧

والذمنتجات الحديد و الف. ٣................................... ...................................................٩

في و العناصر الداخلة في اإلنشائيالصلب .٤الصلب ٥ـــ ١٠.....................................................ترآيبة

.....................................................................................................اإلنشائي١١

المنشآت الفوالذية : ةالثاني الوحدة

...................................... ............................................٢١ انواع المنشآت الفوالذية . ١

.........................................................................................٢٢ مميزات المنشآت الفوالذية . ٢

......................................................................................٢٤ المنشآت الفوالذية عيوب . ٣

............................................... ........................................٢٥ الذية انواع األحمال على المنشآت الفو.٤

.........................................................................٢٥

المنشآت الصناعية و متعددة : ةالثالث الوحدة ٣٠ ...........................................................الطوابق

ة اإلنشائيالنظم . ١ ٣١.......................................................................................رئيسةالالفوالذي المنشأ عناصر و مكونات . ٢

……................................................................... ٣٣

א ٢٥٦ א

א

مة أحمال الرياح اونظم التدعيم لمق .٣.........................................................................٣٩

طريقة انتقال األحمال . ٤....................................... .................................................٤١

لألعضاء اإلنشائيمبادئ التصميم : ةالرابع الوحدة

٤٢............................... .................الفوالذية اإلنشائيالخواص الميكانيكية للصلب .١

........................................................................٤٣ نظريات التصميم المختلفة و معامل اآلمان . ٢

.................................................................٤٥ االنحناءقوى شد، ضغط، قص، و عزوم : إلى تصميم األعضاء المعرضة. ٣

................................٤٧

א ٢٥٦ א

א

الوصالت ذات : ةالخامس الوحدة ٦١.................. ........................................................المسامير

مقدمة .١............................................................................................................

٦٢ أنواع المسامير و الصواميل و درجاتها .٢

............................. ............................................٦٢ صالت توزيع المسامير في الو.٣

.....................................................................................٦٣ الوصالت المعرضة لقوى قص ميم تص.٤

.........................................................................٦٤ رسم وصالت ذات المسامير .٥

.......................................................................................٦٧ طرق ربط المسامير و استالمها .٦

.................................................................................٦٩

باللحام الوصالت : ةالسادس الوحدة................................................................................٧٠

.............................مقدمة. ١...............................................................................٧١

مزايا اللحام . ٢................................................................. ....................................٧٢

أنواع اللحام . ٣............................................................. ........................................٧٢

الطرق المستخدمة للحام في الورش و الموقع . ٤.................................................................٧٣

عيوب اللحام و طرق الكشف عنها 5.............................................................................٧٤

تصميم وصالت اللحام المعرضة لقوى . ٦ ٧٤..............................................................محورية

الرموز المستخدمة للحام .٧.......................................................................................٧٦

رسم وصالت اللحام .٨..............................................................................................٧٩

الفوالذية منشآت لل االرتكازوصالت : ةالسابع الوحدة

............................................................٨٢

א ٢٥٦ א

א

١ ..........................................................................................................مقدمة

....٨٣ أنواع الوصالت عند القواعد .٢

...................................................................................٨٤ صلية تصميم الوصلة المف .٣

......................................................................................٨٥ مع القواعد االرتكازطرق تنفيذ الوصالت عند أماآن . ٤

...................................................٨٧

مخططات مشاريع المنشآت الفوالذية : ةالثامن الوحدة...........................................................٨٨

الرسومات المعمارية التنفيذية . ١................................................................................٨٩

ةاإلنشائيالرسومات . ٢...........................................................................................٩١

الرسومات التفصيلية . ٣..........................................................................................٩٢

א ٢٥٦ א

א

ة الفوالذية اإلنشائيأعمال تجهيز العناصر : ةالتاسع الوحدة...................................................٩٧

ل يطرق القطع و التشك. ١........................................................................................٩٨

طرق عمل الثقوب . ٢..............................................................................................٩٩

تجميع األعضاء . ٣...............................................................................................١٠٠

تجهيز السطح . ٤ ١٠١......................................................................................الخارجي

تنفيذ دة الجو. ٥.................................................................. ...............................١٠٢

أعمال تشييد المنشآت الفوالذية : ةالعاشر الوحدة

...............................................................١٠٤ خطوات التنفيذ بالموقع و تفاصيل . ١

١٠٥..................................................................العملالرافعات المستخدمة . ٢

...................................................................... ................١٠٧ جزاء المجمعة التجميع في الموقع و استخدام األ. ٣

.................................... ....................١٠٧ الضبط األفقي و الرأسي و . ٤

١٠٨........................................................................المناسيبمة الحريق اوأعمال مق. ٥

.......................................................................................١٠٨ لتنفيذ و استالم جودة ا. ٦

١٠٩....................................... ......................................األعمالسالمة فريق العمل . ٧

.......................................................................................١١١

١١٣……………………………………………………………ية نالمصطلحات الف . …………...........................................ل القطاعات القياسية لألعضاء من الفوالذ اوجد

١١٦

…………………………………………………………………………المراجع…

א ٢٥٦ א

א

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