ΓΕΝΙΚΟ ΕΠΙΤΕΛΕΙΟ ΝΑΥΤΙΚΟΥ3 !"#$%&’"()*+,&’" -$)&’"($!&,$#$&"()*+,&’"+...
Transcript of ΓΕΝΙΚΟ ΕΠΙΤΕΛΕΙΟ ΝΑΥΤΙΚΟΥ3 !"#$%&’"()*+,&’" -$)&’"($!&,$#$&"()*+,&’"+...
!"#$%&'"()*+,&'" -$)&'"($!&,$#$&"()*+,&'"+ .&$+/+)01(+-$&")"%&'"+
*2345(&67896:(;<=<
$)1%$>?,&'" .$#,&"
*!",$#$0%*,*($>$+)*0(&'*)"!"&1010(*0/$)?)
*!"(,&0(!*>$@"%$)$0(+!1>$0&$0(,"+())*
2
3
!"#$%&'"()*+,&'" -$)&'"($!&,$#$&"()*+,&'"+ .&$+/+)01(+-$&")"%&'"+
*2345(&67896:(;<=<
!" #$%&'()*+" ,-%$.)./$0.&" 1.(" 2345" (6.7.$8)19:" 1+)" %)1.6;" 1.(" 0<"
=>2345" 0.$).7.$%?" *1+)" @.$0.-A)%$9B" 1.(" C45" D+69D;" *1.(:" E9*$0.&:"
D$09$.&F.(:"(-%$.)./$0;:"7%G?'96H+:"*1."44=5"19"97.1%6A*/919"09$"1+)"
9)I6(*+" 1+:" 7G81+:" *1+)" $*1.G?9" 1.(" 4.*.0./%?.(" /9:" AG%()9:" 1+:"
7.$J1+19:"1K)"(7+G%*$8)"7.("9(1J"79GAF%$<
!" AG%()9" A-$)% /%" /AG$/)9"44=" 1.(:" /;)%:"L018EG$." 09$"4.A/EG$." 1.("
MNNO<"P9"97.1%6A*/91I" 1+:"9Q.&"9)96&'+09)"97J"%R%$D$0%(/A)."Q.GA95"
(7.E6;'+09)"*1."234"1.)"S.&)$."1.("MNTN<
!" #,2>234" 9Q.&" *()A6%R%" 7.66I" %7$76A.)" %)D$9QAG.)19" *1.$F%?9" 1+:"
AG%()9:5" 1+)" %7%R%G-I*'+0%" 09$" 1+)" 9)A6(*%5" 79G.(*$IU.)19:" 19"
97.1%6A*/919"09$"19"*(/7%GI*/91I"1+:"AG%()9:"*1."79GJ)"%)+/%GK1$0J"
D%61?.5"/%"1GJ7."76;G+5"976J"09$"0919).+1J"09$"97J"/+"%$D;/.)%:<
2$9")9"-?)%$"%/Q9)A*1%G+"09$"76A.)"0919).+1;"+"%$0J)9"1+:"7.$J1+19:"1K)"
(7+G%*$8)"1.("44=5"/%1I"E$E6$.-G9Q$0;"AG%()95"A-$)%"*(-0G$1$0;"/%6A1+"
/%"19"%(G;/919"9)1?*1.$FK)"%G%()8)"*%"I669"4.*.0./%?9"1+:"=11$0;:<
V%" 1+)" AG%()9" 9(1;" 1." 44=" %$*AGF%19$" *1+)" %Q9G/.-;" 1+:" D$9FG.)$0;:"
D$9F%?G$*+:" 7.$J1+19:5" +" .7.?9" 97.1%6%?" /$9" *&-FG.)+" 79-0J*/$9"
*1G91+-$0;"%7$1(F.&:"D$.?0+*+:"4.*.0./%?K)<
!"234>#,2"%01$/I"J1$"+"*F%1$0;"%)+/AGK*+"1+:"+-%*?9:5"1K)"37$1%6%?K)5"
1.("7G.*K7$0.&" 1.("44=5"966I"09$" 1K)"D$09$.&FK)"7%G?'96H+:, -$9" 1+"
*+/9*?9" *()%F.&:" %6A-F.(" 1+:" 7.$J1+19:5" '9" %(9$*'+1.7.$;*%$" J6.(:"
*1+)"D$9FG.)$0;"(7.*1;G$R+"1+:"*()%F.&:"7G.JD.("1.("4.*.0./%?.("/9:<
,7.)9&9GF.:"W,SX"=<"V9)1?D+:"C4
#$%('()1;:"234>#,2
4
5
!($(>(&($(@("(%($()(*
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
6
7
$&0*-?-1 1(A44695(LM:(J69KLML5:(LH4(OJMNCF9P4(OGCD5: L"C9-0J*/$.:"LG-9)$*/J: ,-%?9:1, .$"%')$0A: 7.6$1$0A:"-$9"1+)"7.$J1+19
*1+) (-%?92,3 09$" .$" .D+-?%:" 1K)" %7$*1+/.)$08)" 09$" %79--%6/91$08)"
Q.GAK)4,5 CFL9QU6O4( F3BCN5( L6( C4E95VAN64( L6O:( FLM( SC8LDHFM( LM:(J69KLML5:(LH4(JN6FVCN6BA4H4(OJMNCF9P4<"3)D%$01$0;"1+: 1%GI*1$9:"*+/9*?9:" 7.(" 97.D?D%19$" *1+)" 7.$J1+19" 1+: 79G%FJ/%)+:" 7%G?'96H+:"
%?)9$" +" 79G91;G+*+" J1$5" /%1I" 1+)" 09'$AGK*+" 9*QI6$*+: (-%?9:5" 7.("
97.1%6%?" 1+)" 7G81+ @%79)I*19*+B5" 09$" 1+) @%RA-%G*+B" 1K)"
FG+/91.D.1.&)1K) 19/%?K)" WD%&1%G+" @%79)I*19*+BX5" + E%61?K*+" 1+:"
7.$J1+19: 09$"+"%7%R%G-9*?9"/A1GK)"9R$.6J-+*;: 1+:"*()$*1.&)"1+)"1G?1+
@%79)I*19*+B6.
1( J69KLML5( LM:( 46F6I6BC95I3:( JCND258WM:( CD459( J687J86IM(A44695X(M(6J6D5(CD459(E7FI686(45(JN6FE96N9F2CD(J6F6L9IQ. ,7IGF%$"
*+/9)1$0J:" E9'/J:" D$9Q.G.7.?+*+:" *1+)" %G/+)%?9" 7.(" D?)%19$" 97J"
1.(:" %79--%6/91?%: 1+:" (-%?9:" W-$91G.&:, ).*+6%(1A:" 09$" D$.$0+1$0.&:),
966I 09$"97J"1.(:"FG;*1%:"1K)"(7+G%*$8)"(-%?9:<"SD$9?1%G9". 9*'%);:"
D%)" AF%$" 1$:" 979G9?1+1%:" 76+G.Q.G?%:5" A1*$" 8*1% )9" %?)9$" !"# 'A*+" )9"
9R$.6.-;*%$"1+v 7.$J1+19"1K)").*.0./%$908)"(7+G%*$8)"7.("69/EI)%$<"
Z1*$5"6.$7J)5"7.66.?"(7o*1+G?U.() J1$"J*."7%G$**J1%G9"0%Q969$.(F$0I"
9-9'I"W*&-FG.)+"1%F).6.-?9"09$"R%).D.F%$90J: %R.76$*/J:X"79GAF.)19$"
*1.)"9*'%); *%"*()D(9*/J"/% 1$:"$91G$0A:"(7+G%*?%:5"1J*."7%G$**J1%G."
@7.$.1$0;B" '%KG%?" ." 9*'%);:" 1+" QG.)1?D9" 7.(" 69/EI)%$<" =(1;" +
%01?/+*+-7%7.?'+*+" ?*K:".D+-%?"*%"/%-96&1%G. ).*.0./%$90J" 0J*1.:5"
966I5"J7K:"AF%$ 97.D%$F'%?5"+"90G$EJ1%G+").*.0./%$90;"7%G?'96H+"D%)"
*+/9?)%$"09$"7%G$**J1%G."7.$.1$0; ;"06$)$0I"97.1%6%*/91$0; 7%G?'96H+.
Y%" %$D$0A:" /%6A1%:7,8 %7$F%$G;'+0%" +" /%-$*1.7.?+*+" 1+:" 7.$J1+19: *%"
*()D(9*/J"/%"1+)"7.*J1+19"1K)"7G.*Q%G./A)K)"(7+G%*$8)<"[/K:5".$"
7%G$**J1%G%: 9)96&*%$:"09196;-.()"*1."*(/7AG9*/9"J1$5"7G.0%$/A).("
8
)9" %7$1%(F'.&)" 096&1%G9" %7?7%D9" *1+)" 7.$J1+19 1K)" ).*.0./%$908)"
(7+G%*$8)5" '9" 7GA7%$" 1." %)D$9QAG.)" $%%%&'# "()*"&+,-."/# !+0&
(,0!1)0,)!23# +4:" *'56+",47 18&'+97 5")+08,:/'7 +08 &0!0*02"/08
!8&05)*;#K: 20&;1'7# *')# 3<)# !+0&# (,0!1)0,)!23 +n7# ;,)!+47 !82("-
,)=0,;7#*;." 2/'7#02;1'7#(,0!-()*06> 9.
1(9I546J6DMFM(LH4(5F2C4P4(H:(ECDILM:(J69KLML5: Z)9:" 5JK( L6O:( FMB54L9IKLCN6O:( J5NQG64LC:( J9FL6J6DMFM:( LM:(J69KLML5:( LH4( J5NCRKBC4H4( OJMNCF9P4( OGCD5:( CD459( M(BCG9FL6J6DMFM(LM:(9I546J6DMFM:(LH4(5F2C4P4.
!" /A1G+*+" 1+:" $09).7.?+*+:" 1K)" 9*'%)8)" A-0%$19$" *1+" D$%G%&)+*+"
7.$0?6K)" 71(F8)" 1.(" 1./A9" (-%?9:5" .$" .7.?%:" *F%1?U.)19$" /%" 1+)"
7G.*E9*$/J1+195" 1+)" 97.1%6%*/91$0J1+19" 09$" 1+" D$9'%*$/J1+19" 1K)"
(7+G%*$8)" (-%?9:5 09'8:" 09$" /%" 1+)" 7.$J1+19" 1.(" 9)'G87$).("
D()9/$0.&" 966I" 09$" 1.(" Q(*$0.&" 7%G$EI66.)1.:<" !" %)+/AGK*+" 7.("
79GAF%19$" *1.)" 9*'%);" -$9" 1." 7GJE6+/9" (-%?9:" 1.(5" ." FGJ).:"
9)9/.);:5"+"7.$J1+19"09$"+"D$9'%*$/J1+19"1.("%R.76$*/.&"09$"19"(H+6I"
7.*.*1I" D$9-)K*1$0;:" %7$1(F?9:" 97.1%6.&)" .G$*/A)%:" 97J" 1$:"
79G9/A1G.(:" 7.(" 9R$.6.-.&)19$" -$9" 1+)" 97.1?/+*+" 1+:" $09).7.?+*+:"
1.("9*'%).&:<"
L" E9'/J:" $09).7.?+*+:" %R9G1I19$" 091I" 0&G$." 6J-." 97J" 1G%$:"
79GI-.)1%:\" W9X" 1$:" 7G.*D.0?%:" 97J 1+)" (7+G%*?9, (E) 19" 0.$)K)$0.-
.$0.)./$0I" F9G901+G$*1$0I" 1.(" 09$ W-) 1+)" %7?DG9*+" 1K)" 6%-J/%)K)"
H(F.0.$)K)$08)"79G9-J)1K)<"3$D$0J1%G9"+" $09).7.?+*+"1.("9*'%).&:"
*()9G1I19$" I/%*9" /%" 1." E9'/J" 091I" 1.)" .7.?." .$" 7G.*D.0?%:" 1.("
%796+'%&.)19$5" D+69D;" +" $09).7.?+*+" 97.1$/I19$" K:" +" D$9Q.GI"
9)I/%*9"*]"9(1J"7.(". 9*'%);:"7G.*D.0I"97J"1$:"(7+G%*?%:"(-%?9:"09$"
*%" 9(1J" 7.(" 1%6$0I" 97.69/EI)%$<" [/K:" +" $09).7.?+*+" 1.(" 9*'%).&:
%7+G%IU%19$" 09$" 97J" D$IQ.G.(:" I66.(:" 79GI-.)1%:5" J7K:\" 0(G?K:" +"
091I*19*+"(-%?9:"1.(5"1."Q&6.5"+"+6$0?95" 1."7.6$1$*/$0J"09$"/.GQK1$0J
9
(7JE9'G."1.(, 19"/A*9"/9U$0;:"%)+/AGK*+:"09$"+"7G.*K7$0J1+19"1.("
*(-0%0G$/A).( '%GI7.)19"-$91G.&.
YNCO4C:(BALNMFM:(LM:(9I546J6DMFM:(LH4(5F2C4P4 L$"AG%()%: $09).7.?+*+:"@7%6918)B5"-%)$0J1%G95"D%)"%?)9$"976A:5"966I"
/7.G%?")9"-?).()"FG;*$/%:5"J19)"*()(7.6.-?U.()"%79G0;"09$"091I66+6+"
-)8*+<"P9"%GK1+/91.6J-$9"97.1%6.&)"19"096&1%G9"%G-96%?9"-$9"1+ /A-
1G+*+" 1+:" @QK);:B" 1.(" 0919)96K1;" 09$" -$9" 1+)" 9R$.6J-+*+" 1.("
/%-A'.(:" 1+:" 7G.JD.(" %)J:" .G-9)$*/.&10. Y&/QK)9" /%" AG%()9" 1.("
ACP-ASIM11, 1."@/(*1$0JB"%?)9$".$"@*K*1A:B"%GK1;*%$:"09$".$"@9G0%1A:B"
979)1;*%$:" D$9E9'/$*/A)+: 06?/909: (scaleX<" P9" %GK1+/91.6J-$9
7GA7%$")9"*F%D$IU.)19$"9R$J7$*195"7%G$69/EI).)19:"'A/919"7GJ*E9*+:"
(G9)1%E.&5" 9)9/.);:" 067<X5" %7$0.$)K)?9:" W/%" $91G$0J" ;" ).*+6%(1$0J"
7G.*K7$0JX5" 966+6%7?DG9*+:" 9*'%).&:--$91G.&" W%)+/AGK*+5" D$IG0%$9"
%RA19*+:" 067<X5" @R%).D.F%$90.&B" ;" I66.(" 79G%/Q%G.&:" 1&7.("
@%R(7+GA1+*+B" 067<" !" 9R$.7$*1?9" /$9" AG%()9:" /A1G+*+:" 1+:"
$09).7.?+*+:" %R9G1I19$" 09$" 97J" 1.)" 9G$'/J" 1K)" 9*'%)8)" 7.(" '9"
*(/76+G8*.()" 19" *F%1$0I" %GK1+/91.6J-$9<" LG$*/A).$" %G%()+1A:" WJ.
SeibertX" 9R$.6.-.&)" J1$" ^NN" %GK1+/91.6J-$9" D?).()" 9R$J7$*1%:"
979)1;*%$:5"%)8"I66.$"WC. CunninghamX"7$*1%&.()"J1$"90J/+"09$"_N-100
7G.*QAG.()"%79G0%?:"76+G.Q.G?%: -$9"1$:"7G.*D.0?%:"1K)"9*'%)8)"W19"
9)K1AGK"9)9QAG.)19$"09$"*%"D+/.*?%(*+ 1.("Picker Institute of Europe
2002)12.
P9" %GK1+/91.6J-$9" *(/76+G8).)19$" %?1%" /%" 1+" D$9D$09*?9" 1K)"
7G.*K7$08)"*()%)1%&R%K)5" %?1%"97.*1A66.)19$"*%" 0I67+5" 1+6%QK)$0I"
W/%-I6."7.*.*1J"9)197J0G$*+:X";"+6%01G.)$0I"/A*K"9)8)(/.("e-mail
W7%G$**J1%G."9)1$7G.*K7%(1$0;"09$ 9R$J7$*1+"-)8/+X<
PA6.:5" .$" AG%()%:" 9(1A:" W$D?K:" 7G$)" ;" 09$" /%1I *(-0%0G$/A)%:"
79G%/EI*%$:X" 7GA7%$" )9" /%6%1.&)" 1." @7%G$EI66.)" D$.?0+*+:B" 09$" 1+v
@7.$J1+19"1.("7G.*K7$0.&B13,14, /%"*1JF."1+)"%79)IDG9*+"Wfeedback)
10
09$" 1+" E%61?K*+, /A*K" 1+:" D$9D$09*?9:" 1.(" *F%D$9*/.&" W*1G91+-$0.&5"
%7$F%$G+*$90.&"067<X<"P."0(G?9GF.5"I66K*1%5"1K)"/%6%18)"9(18)"%?)9$"."
7G.*D$.G$*/J:" 1K)" 9)9-08)" 1K)" @7%6918)B" 09$" %)" 7G.0%$/A)K" 1K)"
9*'%)8)5" /A*K" 1.(" D%?-/91.:" 1+:" AG%()9:" ;" 1K)" *(-0%0G$/A)K)"
./IDK) FG+*18)"1K)"(7+G%*$8).
P9"1%6%(19?9"FGJ)$95"+"%G%()+1$0;"DG9*1+G$J1+19"*1.)"7.$.1$0J"A6%-F."
1K)"(7+G%*$8)"(-%?9:"%?)9$"D$9D%D./A)+5"0(G?K:"*1$:"!C=5"1."!)K/A)."
`9*?6%$.5" 1.)" a9)9DI5" 1+v =(*1G96?9" 09$" 1+) S97K)?95" F8G%:" /%"
-%)$0J1%G+" 79GID.*+" *1+)" 9R$.6J-+*+"m:" 7.$J1+19:<" Y1+ F8G9" /9:"
9)9QAG.)19$" 091I" 09$G.&:" /%/.)K/A)%:" 7%G$718*%$:5" $D$9?1%G9 *%"
4.*.0./%?9" Wb)I*%$." a9GD$.F%$G.(G-$0J" aA)1G.5" @,-%?9B5" @=11$0Jv»,
@a(79G$**?9B5"@a9G7%);*$B"067<X5"/%"A/Q9*+"*1+) D+/$.(G-?9"09$"1+)
9R$.6J-+*+"09)J)K)";"D$9D$09*$8)"1(7.7.?+*+:"1K)"(7+G%*$8)"(-%?9:"
09$ *1JF. 0(G?K:"1+) 7$*1.7.?+*+"09$"JF$"1+"D$97?*1%(*+"15. Z9S896GN5VD5 1. WHO. cdefgehdhi"jhklgfm"nopoldqroef\"="qsdqdikl"ekfgdekl"qdlgtm<"uvw"xoygdekl"wzzgto" zds"{(sdqo5"
Copenhagen, 1993. 2. |}dsd" a<" cdetoseon" ktfgde" qsdyskr" .e" jhklgfm" kiihsketo" ge ~diqgfkl" ?ge" �ds�km<"World Hospital 19
2,28:2. 3. American Health Security Act of 1993. Presidents health care reform p/an. Bureau of National Affairs,
Washington, USA, 1993. 4. JCAHO. Examples of quality improvement in a hospital setting. Joint Commission on Accreditation of
Healthcare Organization, USA, 1992. 5. JCAHO. ="yhgno"fd"oifk�lgi~gey"qsdyskri"zds"kiioiigey"dhfcomes in clinical settings. Joint Commission
on Accreditation of Healthcare Organization, USA, 1994 6. xolrke"=<"�iioiiroef"ken"kttdhefk�glgfm\"�he third revolution in medical care. 4"{ey>"�"�on"1988,
319:1220-1222. 7. Newhouse JP. Toward a theory of non-profit institutions. Am Econom Rev 1970, 60:64. 8. �olnifoge"V<"�e"otdedrofsgt"rdnol"dz"f~o"�ongtkso"imifor"Quart J Ecor$omics 1971, 8:1. 9. ,Q9)1J7.(6.:"2<"P9".$0.)./$0I"1+:"(-%?9:<"�%KG?9"09$"7.6$1$0;<"=';)95"MNN�\^�O< 10. V.(/1UJ-6.("=<"!"7.$J1+19"*1$:"(7+G%*?%:"(-%?9:< 30DJ*%$:"Management5"=';)95"MNNT< 11. Wolper S3<"#$.?0+*+",7+G%*$8)",-%?9:"(health care administrationX<"30D.1$0; Y%$GI 4. 12. PICaER INSTITUTE EUROPE. Through the eyes of the patient. 2002
www.pickereurope.org/surveys/approach.htm 13. Rankin JM. Patient satisfaction: Knowledge for ruling hospital reform: an institutional ethnography.
Nurs Ing 2003, 10:5765. 14. �~dsfoll"��5"w�|sgoe"SS5"cksrke"��5"of"kl<"�iiessing the impact of continuous quality improvement/total
quality management: Concept versus implementation. Health Serv Res 1995, 30:377-401. 15. a(G$J7.(6.:"25"2%KG-.&*+"35"2%))+/91I"=5"09$"*()<"P$"7$*1%&.()".$"9*'%)%?:"-$9"19").*.0./%?9"/9:<"
S91G$0J"`;/9"1990:19-27.
11
0'"!"0('*&(%$/"."#"-&*(,10($>$+)*0(0,"())* P.(:" /;)%:"L018EG$." 09$"4.A/EG$." MNNO" A-$)%" *1."44=" AG%()9" -$9" 1+)"
0919-G9Q;"1.("%7$7AD.("$09).7.?+*+:"1K)"9*'%)8) 97J"1$:"79G%FJ/%)%:"
(7+G%*?%:"*1."%7?7%D.").*+6%?9:5"3RK1%G$08)" S91G%?K)"W3SX"09$" S91G%?.("
37%$-J)1K)"C%G$*191$08) WS3CX.
!" AG%()9" *F%D$I*'+0%" 97J" 1." 44=" /%" E9*$0J" *0.7J" 1+)" A)9GR+"
%Q9G/.-;:" *(*1;/91.:" %6A-F.(" 09$" D$9F%?G$*+:" 1+:" 7.$J1+19:" 1K)"
,7+G%*$8)"7.("79GAF%$" 1."4.*.0./%?. *%"D$9FG.)$0;"EI*+<"Y1JF.:"1.("
7.$.1$0.&" %6A-F.(" %?)9$" +" %01?/+*+" 1+:" 7.$J1+19:" 1K)" 79G%FJ/%)K)"
(7+G%*$8)" /%" EI*+" 1.)" 7.*.1$0.7.$+/A). E9'/J $09).7.?+*+:" 1K)"
9*'%)8)"97J"1$:"79G%FJ/%)%:"(7+G%*?%:"(-%?9:"09$"97J"1$:"(7.D./A:"1.("
44="09$"+"9)ID%$R+"D(*6%$1.(G-$8)"09$"7G.E6+/I1K)"-$9"1+)"%7?6(*+"1K)"
.7.?K)"7GA7%$")9"*F%D$9*'.&)"*1.F%(/A)%:"79G%/EI*%$:5"1."97.1A6%*/9"
1K)".7.?K)"'9"97%$0.)$*'%?"*%"/%66.)1$0A:"AG%()%:"7.$J1+19:< !"AG%()9"
%?F%" K:" %7$76A.)" *1JF. )9" %01$/+'%?" 9) 19" 091I" 09$G.&:" 9)9Q%GJ/%)9"
79GI7.)95"*FJ6$9"09$"79G91+G;*%$: AF.()"EI*+"09$"*%"7.$."E9'/J<
L$" 9)1?*1.$F%:" AG%()%:" *1+)"366ID95" 966I" 09$"79-0.*/?K:" -?).)19$" 97J"
%R%$D$0%(/A).(:"Q.G%?:5"966I"+"D+/.*$.)./$0;"*(-0(G?9"D%)"%7A1G%H%")9"
%Q9G/.*'%?" 9(1;" +" 7G901$0;" *1+)" 7%G?71K*+ 1.( 44=<" Z1*$"
97.Q9*?*'+0%" )9" -?)%$" /$9"7G81+" AG%()9"/%" /AG$/)9" 1.("44=5" 966I"/%"
1+)" %Q9G/.-;" 1%0/+G$K/A)K)" D$9D$09*$8)" 09$" /%'JDK)" 7.(" EGA'+09)"
*1+)" E$E6$.-G9Q?9<" 2$9" .$0.)./.1%F)$0.&:" 6J-.(:" %7$6AF'+0%" +" /A'.D.:"
AG%()9:"/%""0I67+, A)9)1$"9(1;:"/%"*()A)1%(R+<"�G+*$/.7.$;'+09)"%$D$0I"
%GK1+/91.6J-$9"-$9"1.(:"1G%$:"P./%?: (4.*+6%(1$0A: C1AG(-%:5"3RK1%G$0I"
S91G%?95" S91G%?." 37%$-J)1K)" C%G$*191$08)X5" 19" .7.?9" D$)J19) 7G.:"
*(/76;GK*+" *%" 1(F9?." FGJ)." *%" ).*+6%(J/%).(:" 9*'%)%?:" 1+)" +/AG9"
%RJD.("1.(:"97J"1."4.*.0./%?."09$"*1.(:"%R%19*'A)1%:"*19"3S"09$"*1."S3C"
12
/%1I" 1+)" %RA19*;" 1.(:. L$" %GK1;*%$:" 7.(" (7.E6;'+09)" *1.(:"
*(//%1AF.)1%:"%?F9)"K:"9781%G."*0.7J"09$"*1JF.:
�" 2$9" 1+) ?,"8&'# (08# '=0,;# !+087# $"!-+",)*067» '!."&"/7: 1.)" 1%6$0J"
7G.*D$.G$*/J 1K)"D%$018)"7.("D?).()"1+ D()91J1+19"/$9:"I/%*+:"%$0J)9:"
1K)" 79G%F./A)K)" @%*K1%G$08)B" (7+G%*$8)" 7G.: 1.(:" 9*'%)%?:" 1.("
).*.0./%?.("09$"1+"6;H+"E%61$K1$08)"/A1GK)"97J"1+ D$.?0+*+.
�"2$9" 1+)"?,"8&'#(08#'=0,;#!+087#$"@-+",)*067>%#'!."&"/ ABC#*')# CBDEF
1+)" 9R$.6J-+*+" 1+: D$9D$09*?9:" $91G$08)" %R%1I*%K)" 7.(" AF%$ ($.'%1+'%?"
*19" %RK1%G$0I" $91G%?9 09$" 1." S3C, 1+)" %7$0.$)K)?9" 1K)" %RK1%G$08)"
$91G%?K)" /%" 19" %G-9*1+G$90I 1/;/9195" 1. %7?7%D." 79G.F;:" (7+G%*$8)"
97J" 1+) $91G$0;-).*+6%(1$0;-D$.$0+1$0;" (7+G%*?95" 09'8:" 09$" 1." %7?7%D.
1K)" (7J6.$7K)" 79G%F./A)K)" (7+G%*$8)" W09'9G$J1+195" 9*QI6%$95"
Q9-+1J).
!" *191$*1$0;" 9)I6(*+" 1K)" D%D./A)K)" A-$)%" 97J" $D$K1$0J" Q.GA9" 09$"
*(-0%0G$/A)9"97J"1+)"%$D$0;"E$.*191$*1$0.6J-."a9"�9G?06%$9"PU.EIG9<
13
0L5L9FL9I3(54Q8OFM 2$9" 1.(:" %)D$9Q%GJ/%).(:" %Q9G/J*'+0%" +" 79G90I1K" *191$*1$0;"
/%'.D.6.-?9<
L$"/A*%:"1$/A:"WmeanX"09$".$"1(7$0A:"97.06?*%$:"WStandard Deviation=SD)
FG+*$/.7.$;'+09)" -$9" 1+)" 7%G$-G9Q;" 1K)" 7.*.1$08)" /%19E6+18)<" L$"
97J6(1%:" W4X" 09$" .$" *F%1$0A:" W�X" *(F)J1+1%:" FG+*$/.7.$;'+09)" -$9" 1+)"
7%G$-G9Q;"1K)"7.$.1$08)"/%19E6+18)<"2$9"1+"*&-0G$*+"1+:"$09).7.?+*+:"
/%19R&" D(." ./IDK)" FG+*$/.7.$;'+0%" 1." 0G$1;G$." Mann-Whitney ;" 1."
Student’s t-test %)8"/%19R&" 1G$8)"./IDK)" 1."0G$1;G$."Kruskal-Wallis ;"+"
9)I6(*+"D$9*7.GI:"ANOVA. 2$9" 1.)" A6%-F." 1+:"*FA*+:"D(."7.*.1$08)"
/%19E6+18)" W7<F<"*().6$0J:"E9'/J:" $09).7.?+*+:"09$" FGJ).:"9)9/.);:X"
FG+*$/.7.$;'+0%"."*()1%6%*1;:"*(*FA1$*+:"1.("Spearman (r). P9"%7?7%D9"
*+/9)1$0J1+19:" %?)9$" 9/Q?76%(G9" 09$" +" *191$*1$0;" *+/9)1$0J1+19" 1A'+0%"
*1." N5N_<" 2$9" 1+)" 9)I6(*+" FG+*$/.7.$;'+0%" 1." *191$*1$0J" 7GJ-G9//9"
SPSS 17.0.
14
.MB6GN5V9IQ(FL69RCD5(L6O(ECDGB5L6:(J6O(CNCO432MIC P."D%?-/9"97.1%6%?19$"97J"_�O"I1./95"97J"19".7.?9"MT�"%R%1I*'+09)"*19"
%RK1%G$0I" $91G%?95"T^T"*19" %7%?-.)19"7%G$*191$0I"09$"M�M").*+6%&1+09)<"
Y1." *F;/9 T" Q9?)%19$" +" 0919)./;" 1K)" 9*'%)8)" *19" 1G?9" 1/;/919" 1+:"
AG%()9:5"%)8"*1.)"7?)909"T"9)9QAG.)19$"*(-0%)1GK1$0I"19"D+/.-G9Q$0I"
*1.$F%?9"1K)"%GK1+'A)1K)<
!D45I5:(=: #+/.-G9Q$0I"*1.$F%?9"1K)"*(//%1%FJ)1K) *1+)"AG%()9.
N % ,B3B5())* 3RK1%G$0I"$91G%?9 216 36,7 a6$)$0A: 232 39,4 37%?-.)19"7%G$*191$0I 141 23,9 [786 �)1G%: 325 63,0 2()9?0%: 191 37,0 0OBJ83NHFM(L6O(C4L7J6O 97J"1.)"?D$."1.)"9*'%); 227 81,9 97J"*().DJ 50 18,1 189ID5 <20 14 2,6 20-40 235 44,1 40-60 160 30,0 60-80 105 19,7 >80 19 3,6 0C(J695(I5LMG6ND5(E9I5967RH4(543ICLC\ =R$K/91$0J:"C4 121 22,4 ,79R$K/91$0J:"C4 98 18,1 Y1G91%&*$/.: 32 5,9 VC,"C4 17 3,1 =R$K/91$0J:"�Y 18 3,3 ,79R$K/91$0J:"�Y 15 2,8 �� 4 0,7 VC,",34 1 0,2 =7J*1G91.:"C4 53 9,8 =7J*1G91.:"�Y 14 2,6 VA6.:"%<%<"C4 67 12,4 VA6.:"%<9<"C4 36 6,7 VA6+"%<%<"�Y 6 1,1 VA6+"%<9<"�Y 5 0,9 �66+ 54 10,0 *4(Q88MX(J695; =D%6Q;"$91G.& 1 0,2 =*1()./$0J:"3<= 1 0,2 #$09$.&F.: 1 0,2 �%?.: 1 0,2 Sa= 1 0,2 V9'+1;:"*F.6;: 1 0,2 VA6.: 1 0,2
15
VA6.:"="E9'/.& 1 0,2 VA6.:"VC, 1 0,2 V+1AG9"D$09$.&F.( 3 0,5 VC, 1 0,2 �ID%6Q.: 1 0,2 C91AG9:"D$09$.&F.( 8 1,4 C.6$1$0J"7G.*K7$0J 1 0,2 CG.79$D%(J/%)+"YV,4 2 0,3 CG.79$D%(J/%).:"Y4# 1 0,2 Y#,�Y 1 0,2 Y3S#"C4 1 0,2 Y(--%)$0; 3 0,5 Y&U(-.:"D$09$.&F.( 5 0,9 PA0)."D$09$.&F.( 6 1,0
P9"%)D$9QAG.)19"D+/.-G9Q$0I"*1.$F%?9";19)"19"79G90I1K\
- 1."��5N�"1K)"*(//%1%FJ)1K)";19)"I)1G%:<"
- 1."^^5T�"1K)"*(//%1%FJ)1K)";19)"/%19R&"MN"09$"^N"%18)<"
- *1."�T5O�"1K)"7%G$718*%K)"1."%GK1+/91.6J-$."*(/76+G8'+0%"97J"
1."?D$."1.)"9*'%);
- +"76%$.H+Q?9"1K)"*(//%1%FJ)1K)";19)"9R$K/91$0.?"1.("C4"WMM5^�X<
23,9%
39,4%
36,7%
37%?-.)19"7%G$*191$0Ia6$)$0A:3RK1%G$0I"$91G%?9
P/;/9"44=
0R3B5 1: a919)./;"1K)"%GK1+'A)1K)"9*'%)8)"*19"1G?9"1/;/919"1+:"AG%()9:
16
17
*!",$#$0%*,*(,10($>$+)*0 *](&I546J6DMFM(5JK(L9:(&5LN9IA:(+JMNCFDC: Y1.)" 7?)909" 2 D?)%19$" +" *().6$0;" $09).7.?+*+" 1K)" *(//%1%FJ)1K)" 97J"
1+)" $91G$0;" QG.)1?D9" 9)%R9G1;1K:" 9)" ).*+6%&'+09)" ;" %R%1I*'+09)" *19"
%RK1%G$0I"$91G%?9";"1."S3C.
!D45I5:(;\"`9'/J:"$09).7.?+*+:"1K)"9*'%)8)"97J"1$:"$91G$0A: (7+G%*?%:
!KF6(9I546J69MBA469(CDFLC(5JK(LM4(95LN9I3(VN64LDE5\
'52K86O #DG6 *NICLQ !687 !83NH: !687(^(!83NH:(
(%)
3)+/AGK*+"-$9"1+")J*. n 6 23 77 117 309
% 1,1 4,3 14,5 22,0 58,1 80,1 LD+-?%:"-$9"1+"'%G97%?9 n 4 18 47 114 328
% 0,8 3,5 9,2 22,3 64,2 86,5 3(-A)%$9 n 7 11 44 117 359 % 1,3 2,0 8,2 21,7 66,7 88,5 3)D$9QAG.) n 9 14 65 127 324 % 1,7 2,6 12,1 23,6 60,1 83,7 a919)J+*+ n 7 15 58 134 316 % 1,3 2,8 10,9 25,3 59,6 84,9
C.6&"K: 76;GK:"$09).7.$+/A).$"97J"1.(:"*(//%1AF.)1%:";19)\
- 1."�N5T�"97J"1+)"%)+/AGK*+"1K)"-$91G8)"-$9"1+)")J*. 1.(:
- 1."��5_�"97J"1$:".D+-?%:"7.("A69E% 97J"1.(:"-$91G.&:"-$9"1+"'%G97%?9
- 1."��5_�"97J"1+)"%(-A)%$9"1K)"-$91G8)
- 1."��5��"97J"1."%)D$9QAG.)"1K)"-$91G8)
- 1."�^5O�"97J"1+)"0919)J+*+"1K)"-$91G8)
Y1." *F;/9 2 D?)%19$" D$9-G9//91$0I" +" $09).7.?+*+" 1K)" *(//%1%FJ)1K)"
97J"1$:".D+-?%:"1.("$91G$0.&"7G.*K7$0.&"-$9"1+"'%G97%?9"1.(:<
18
0R3B5 2\"`9'/J:"$09).7.?+*+:"97J"1$:"$91G$0A:".D+-?%:"-$9"1+"'%G97%?9
!"#$%&'#()&(*)'+,-./.0(#(*)&1-)#"223&3$4-&1-)5',)&'*)/,63$423-3*)
',&6'+%*) "/(63#03*) ,-78.5,) 23) &.) &292,) &.") ::;) /.") &."*)
3<"/(6%&(#3= Y1.)"7?)909"3 Q9?).)19$".$"D%?01%: $09).7.?+*+: 1K)"*(//%1%FJ)1K)"97J"
1." $91G$0J"7G.*K7$0J"9)I6.-9"/%"1."1/;/9"1.("44=<"V%-96&1%G%:"1$/A:"
1K)"D%$018)"(7.D+68).()"/%-96&1%G+"$09).7.?+*+ /%"IG$*19"1."_.
!" *191$*1$0;" 9)I6(*+" AD%$R%" J1$" D%)" (7;GF%" *191$*1$08:" *+/9)1$0;"
D$9Q.GI"*1.(:"D%?01%:"$09).7.?+*+:"*%"J6%:"1$:"79G9/A1G.(:"1+:"$91G$0;:"
QG.)1?D9:"/%19R&"1K)").*+6%(J/%)K)"9*'%)8)"09$"1K)"%R%19*'A)1K)"*19"
3S5"966I";19)"*+/9)1$0I"6$-J1%G."$09).7.$+/A).$".$"%R%19*'A)1%:"*1."S3C"
A)9)1$"09$"1K)"D&."I66K)"./IDK)<
19
!D45I5:(_\"D%?01%:"$09).7.?+*+:"1K)"*(//%1%FJ)1K)"97J"1."$91G$0J"7G.*K7$0J"9)I6.-9"/%"1."1/;/9"1.("44=
!KF6(9I546J69MBA469(CDFLC(5JK(LM4(95LN9I3(VN64LDE5
0+)"#" ,B3B5())*
P* Mann-
Whitney
P** Mann-
Whitney
P+ Mann-
Whitney
$THLCN9IQ(95LNCD5 '8949IA: $JCDG64L5(
JCN9FL5L9IQ %AFM(L9B3 SD %AFM(
L9B3 SD %AFM(L9B3 SD %AFM(
L9B3 SD
3)+/AGK*+"-$9"1+")J*. 4,3 0,9 4,4 0,9 4,5 0,9 3,9 1,1 0,218 <0,001 <0,001
LD+-?%:"-$9"1+"'%G97%?9 4,5 0,9 4,6 0,7 4,6 0,8 4,0 1,0 0,424 <0,001 <0,001
3(-A)%$9 4,5 0,8 4,5 0,8 4,6 0,8 4,3 0,9 0,450 0,009 0,001 3)D$9QAG.) 4,4 0,9 4,4 0,9 4,5 0,9 4,2 1,0 0,229 0,008 <0,001 a919)J+*+ 4,4 0,9 4,4 0,8 4,5 0,9 4,1 1,0 0,166 0,005 <0,001
* *&-0G$*+"/%19R&"%R%19*'A)1K)"*19"3S"09$").*+6%('A)1K) ** *&-0G$*+"/%19R&"%R%19*'A)1K)"*19"3S 09$ *1." S3C + *&-0G$*+"/%19R&"%R%19*'A)1K)"*1."S3C"09$").*+6%('A)1K)
20
Z](&I546J6DMFM(5JK(L9:()6FM8COL9IA:(+JMNCFDC: Y1.)" 7?)909" 4 D?)%19$" +" *().6$0;" $09).7.?+*+" 1K)" *(//%1%FJ)1K)" 97J"
1+)" ).*+6%(1$0;" QG.)1?D9" ;" 1+" QG.)1?D9" 1.(" 7G.*K7$0.&" 1K)"
%G-9*1+G?K) 9)%R9G1;1K:"9)").*+6%&'+09)";"%R%1I*'+09)"*19"%RK1%G$0I"
$91G%?9";"1."S3C"
C.6&" ;" 76;GK:" $09).7.$+/A).$" .$" *(//%1AF.)1%:" 97J" 1+" QG.)1?D9" 1.("
).*+6%(1$0.&" 7G.*K7$0.&" 09$" 1+" QG.)1?D9" 1.(" 7G.*K7$0.&" 1K)"
%G-9*1+G?K)";19)\
- 1."��5��"97J"1+)"%(-A)%$9"1.("7G.*K7$0.&"9(1.&
- 1."�_5_�"97J"1+)"0919)J+*+"1.("7G.*K7$0.&"9(1.&"
- 1."�_5_�"97J"1+)"%R(7+GA1+*+"1.("7G.*K7$0.&"9(1.&
!D45I5:(`a *().6$0;"$09).7.?+*+"1K)"*(//%1%FJ)1K)"97J"1+)").*+6%(1$0;"QG.)1?D9";"1+"QG.)1?D9"1.("7G.*K7$0.&"1K)"%G-9*1+G?K)
!KF6(9I546J69MBA469(CDFLC(5JK(LM(46FM8COL9I3(3(LM(VN64LDE5(L6O(JN6FHJ9I67(L6O(CNG5FLMND6O;
'52K86O #DG6 *NICLQ !687 !83NH: !687(^(!83NH:(
(%)
3(-A)%$9 n 7 13 44 138 316 % 1,4 2,5 8,5 26,6 61,0 87,6 a919)J+*+ n 7 9 58 126 310 % 1,4 1,8 11,4 24,7 60,8 85,5 3R(7+GA1+*+ n 7 12 56 115 326 % 1,4 2,3 10,9 22,3 63,2 85,5
Y1. *F;/9 3 D?)%19$"*F+/91$0I"+"$09).7.?+*+"1K)"*(//%1%FJ)1K)"97J"1+)"
%(-A)%$9"1.(").*+6%(1$0.&"7G.*K7$0.&<
21
0R3B5 3: S09).7.?+*+"1K)"*(//%1%FJ)1K)"97J"1+)"%(-A)%$9"1.(").*+6%(1$0.&"7G.*K7$0.&
!"#$%&'#()&(*)'+,-./.0(#(*)&1-)#"223&3$4-&1-)5',)&'*)/,63$423-3*)
',&6'+%*) "/(63#03*) ,-78.5,) 23) &.) &292,) &.") ::;) /.") &."*)
3<"/(6%&(#3= Y1.)"7?)909"5 Q9?).)19$".$"D%?01%:"$09).7.?+*+:"1K)"*(//%1%FJ)1K)"97J"
1.").*+6%(1$0J"7G.*K7$0J"9)I6.-9"/%" 1." 1/;/9" 1.("44=<"V%-96&1%G%:"
1$/A:"1K)"D%$018)"(7.D+68).()"/%-96&1%G+"$09).7.?+*+"/%"IG$*19"1."_<
22
!D45I5:(b\"#%?01%:"$09).7.?+*+:"1K)"*(//%1%FJ)1K)"97J"1.").*+6%(1$0J"7G.*K7$0J"9)I6.-9 /%"1."1/;/9"1.("44=
!KF6(9I546J69MBA469(CDFLC(5JK(LM(46FM8COL9I3(3(LM(VN64LDE5(L6O(JN6FHJ9I67(L6O(CNG5FLMND6O
0+)"#" ,B3B5())*
P* Mann-
Whitney
P** Mann-
Whitney
P+ Mann-
Whitney
$THLCN9IQ(95LNCD5 '8949IA: $JCDG64L5(
JCN9FL5L9IQ
%AFM(L9B3 SD %AFM(
L9B3 SD %AFM(L9B3 SD %AFM(
L9B3 SD
3(-A)%$9 4,4 0,9 4,4 0,9 4,5 0,8 4,3 0,8 0,226 0,196 0,009 a919)J+*+ 4,4 0,9 4,4 0,9 4,5 0,8 4,3 0,9 0,198 0,289 0,022 3R(7+GA1+*+ 4,4 0,9 4,4 0,9 4,5 0,8 4,3 0,9 0,169 0,144 0,004
* *&-0G$*+"/%19R&"%R%19*'A)1K)"*19 3S"09$").*+6%('A)1K) ��"*&-0G$*+"/%19R&"%R919*'A)1K)"*19"3S"09$"*1. S3C + *&-0G$*+"/%19R&"%R%19*'A)1K)"*1."S3C"09$").*+6%('A)1K)
!" *191$*1$0;" 9)I6(*+" AD%$R%" J1$" D%)" (7;GF%" *191$*1$08:" *+/9)1$0;"
D$9Q.GI" *1.(:" D%?01%:" $09).7.?+*+:" *%" J6%:" 1$:" 79G9/A1G.(: 1+:"
).*+6%(1$0;:" QG.)1?D9:" /%19R&" 1K)" ).*+6%(J/%)K)" 9*'%)8)" 09$" 1K)"
%R%19*'A)1K)" *19" 3S5" 966I" ;19)" *+/9)1$0I" 6$-J1%G." $09).7.$+/A).$" .$"
%R%19*'A)1%:"*1."S3C"A)9)1$"09$"1K)"D&."I66K)"./IDK)<
37?*+:5" D%)" (7;GR% *191$*1$08:" *+/9)1$0; D$9Q.GI" *1.(:" D%?01%:
$09).7.?+*+: 97J"1.").*+6%(1$0J"7G.*K7$0J"/%19R&"1K)"*(//%1%FJ)1K)"
7.("%R%1I*'+09) *19"%RK1%G$0I"$91G%?9"09$"1K)"91J/K)"7.("%R%1I*'+09)"
*1."S3C<
23
-](&I546J6DMFM(5JK(LM4(GC49I3(C9IK45(L6O())* Y1.)" 7?)909" �" Q9?)%19$ +" *().6$0;" $09).7.?+*+" 1K)" *(//%1%FJ)1K)5"
9)%R9G1;1K:"9)").*+6%&'+09)";"%R%1I*'+09)"*19"%RK1%G$0I" $91G%?9";"1."
S3C<
!D45I5: 6\"*().6$0;"$09).7.?+*+"1K)"*(//%1%FJ)1K)5"9)%R9G1;1K:"9)").*+6%&'+09)";"%R%1I*'+09)"*19"%RK1%G$0I"$91G%?9";"1."S3C<
!KF6(9I546J69MBA469(CDFLC(5JK(LM(FO4689I3(C9IK45
'52K86O #DG6 *NICLQ !687 !83NH: !687(^(!83NH:(
(%)
CK:"9R$.6.-%?1%"1$:"(7+G%*?%:; n 4 24 122 187 185
% 0,8 4,6 23,4 35,8 35,4 71,3 CK:"9R$.6.-%?1%"1."7G.*K7$0J; n 3 22 64 193 255
% 0,6 4,1 11,9 35,9 47,5 83,4 CK:"9R$.6.-%?1%"1$:"(7.D./A:; n 19 62 142 165 133 % 3,6 11,9 27,3 31,7 25,5 57,2
C.6&" K: 76;GK:" $09).7.$+/A).$" .$" *(//%1AF.)1%:" 97J" 1+)" *().6$0;"
%$0J)9"1.("44=";19)\
- 1."�T5��"97J"1$:"(7+G%*?%:"
- 1."��5^�"97J"1."7G.*K7$0J"
- 1."_�5M�"97J"1$:"(7.D./A:"
Y1." *F;/9 ^" Q9?)%19$" D$9-G9//91$0I +" *().6$0;" $09).7.?+*+" 1K)"
*(//%1%FJ)1K)"97J"1."7G.*K7$0J"1.("44=<
24
0R3B5 4: Y().6$0;"$09).7.?+*+"1K)"*(//%1%FJ)1K)"97J"1."7G.*K7$0J"
1.("44=
!"#$%&'#()&(*)'+,-./.0(#(*)&1-)#"223&3$4-&1-)5',)&'*)/,63$423-3*)
',&6'+%*) "/(63#03*) ,-78.5,) 23) &.) &292,) &.") ::;) /.") &."*)
3<"/(6%&(#3= Y1.)" 7?)909" 7 Q9?).)19$" .$" D%?01%:" 1+:" *().6$0;:" $09).7.?+*+:" 1K)"
*(//%1%FJ)1K)"97J"1."44=5"9)I6.-9"/%" 1." 1/;/9"7.(").*+6%&'+09)";"
%R%1I*'+09)<" V%-96&1%G%:" 1$/A:" 1K)" D%$018)" (7.D+68).()" /%-96&1%G+"
$09).7.?+*+"/%"IG$*19"1."_<
!" *191$*1$0;" 9)I6(*+" AD%$R%" J1$" .$" ).*+6%(J/%).$" ;19)" *+/9)1$0I" 7$."
$09).7.$+/A).$" 97J" 1$:" 79G%FJ/%)%:" (7+G%*?%:5" 1." 7G.*K7$0J" 09$" 1$:"
(7.D./A:" 97J" 1.(:" *(//%1AF.)1%:" 7.(" %R%1I*'+09)" *19" %RK1%G$0I"
$91G%?9" 09$" 97J" 9(1.&:" 7.(" %R%1I*'+09)" *1." S3C<" 37?*+:5" .$"
).*+6%(J/%).$" 7%G?/%)9)" *%" *+/9)1$0J" E9'/J" 7$." I*F+/%:" 1$:"
25
79G%FJ/%)%:" (7+G%*?%:" 97J" 9(1.&:" 7.(" %R%1I*'+09)" *19" %RK1%G$0I"
$91G%?9"09$"*1." S3C<"PA6.:5"9(1.?"7.("%R%1I*'+09)"*19"%RK1%G$0I" $91G%?9"
;19)"*+/9)1$0I"7$." $09).7.$+/A).$" /J)."97J" 1$:" (7.D./A:"*%"*FA*+"/%"
1.(:" %R%19*'A)1%:" *1." S3C5" 966I" JF$" *+/9)1$0J1%G9" $09).7.$+/A).$" 97J"
1$:"(7+G%*?%:"09$"1."7G.*K7$0J<
!D45I5:(c\".$"D%?01%:"1+:"*().6$0;:"$09).7.?+*+:"1K)"*(//%1%FJ)1K)"97J"1."44=5"9)I6.-9"/%"1."1/;/9"7.(").*+6%&'+09)";"%R%1I*'+09)
0+)"#" ,B3B5())*
P* Mann-
Whitney
P** Mann-
Whitney
P+ Mann-
Whitney
$THLCN9IQ(95LNCD5 '8949IA: $JCDG64L5(
JCN9FL5L9IQ %AFM(L9B3 SD %AFM(
L9B3 SD %AFM(L9B3 SD %AFM(
L9B3 SD
CK:"9R$.6.-%?1%"1$:"(7+G%*?%:; 4,0 0,9 3,9 0,9 4,2 0,9 3,8 0,9 0,004 0,424 <0,001
CK:"9R$.6.-%?1%"1."7G.*K7$0J; 4,3 0,9 4,2 0,8 4,4 0,8 4,1 0,9 0,007 0,664 0,004
CK:"9R$.6.-%?1%"1$:"(7.D./A:; 3,6 1,1 3,6 0,9 3,9 1,1 3,1 1,2 <0,001 0,001 <0,001
CK:"7%G$/A)91%")9"%?)9$".$"(7+G%*?%:�
1,6 0,6 1,5 0,6 1,7 0,7 1,5 0,6 0,006 0,665 0,042
* *&-0G$*+"/%19R&"%R%19*'A)1K)"*19"3S"09$").*+6%('A)1K) ��"*&-0G$*+"/%19R&"%R%19*'A)1K)"*19"3S"09$"*1. S3C + *&-0G$*+"/%19R&"%R%19*'A)1K)"*19"S3C"09$")+*+6%('A)1K)
Y1.)" 7?)909" �" 09$" *1o *F;/9 _" Q9?).)19$ .$" 7G.*D.0?%:" 1K)"
*(//%1%FJ)1K)"97J"1$:"(7+G%*?%: 7.("7G.*QAG%$"1."44=.
!D45I5:(d\"CG.*D.0?%:"1K)"*(//%1%FJ)1K)"97J"1$:"(7+G%*?%:"7.("7G.*QAG%$"1."44=
!H:(JCN9BA45LC(45(CD459(69(OJMNCFDC:\ n % a96&1%G%: 262 51,2 �D$%: 210 41,0 �%$GJ1%G%: 40 7,8
!"76%$.H+Q?9" 1K)"*(//%1%FJ)1K)"7%G?/%)%" 096&1%G%:" 1$:"(7+G%*?%:" 1.("
).*.0./%?.("/%"1."7.*.*1J")9"Q1I)%$"1."_T5M�<"
26
!D45I5:(e\"$D$JF%$G9"*FJ6$95"79G91+G;*%$:"09$"7G.1I*%$:"1K) *(//%1%FJ)1K)
0RK895-JN6LQFC9: n %
$OBC43(FRK895 =7J6(19"$09).7.$+/A).: 10 1,7 �G$*19"*%"J69 2 0,3 =G0%1I"$09).7.$+1$0;"+"/%19F%?G$*+"1.("-$91G.&"09$"1.("7G.*K7$0.& 1 0,2 3?/9$"%(F9G$*1+/A).:5")$8'K 9*QI6%$9 1 0,2 3?/9$"7.6&"%(F9G$*1+/A).:"97J"1."-$91GJ"/.(" 1 0,2 3?/9$"7.6&"%(F9G$*1+/A).:"97J"1.)"$91GJ"/.("09$"1+)"%(-A)%$9"1.(").*+6%(1$0.&"7G.*K7$0.& 1 0,2
3(F9G$*18"-$9"J69 1 0,2 [69"IH.-9"%$D$0I"+"6%$1.(G-?9"1%F)+1.&")%QG.& 1 0,2 [69";19)"IH.-9 1 0,2 [69"6%$1.(G-.&*9)"IG$*19 4 0,7 [69"1A6%$9 1 0,2 [6%:".$"(7+G%*?%:"%?)9$"7IG9"7.6&"096A: 1 0,2 [6%:".$"(7+G%*?%:"6%$1.(G-.&*9)"IH.-9 1 0,2 3R9?G%1.:"%7$*1;/K)"."0<"<< 2 0,3 C.6&"E%61$K/A)."1.").*.0./%?. 1 0,2 Y()A7%$9").*+6%(1$0.&"7G.*K7$0.& 1 0,2 30 5,1 .OFBC43(FRK895( =)%7?1G%71."-$9"7G.*K7$0J"09$"$91G.&:")9"097)?U.()"%)1J:"1.(").*.0./%?.( 1 0,2
!"D$.$0+1$0;"D$9D$09*?9"A-0G$*+:"1K)"$91G$08)"%R%1I*%K)"D+/$.(G-%?"1969$7KG?9"*%"9*'%)%?:"09$"*().D.&:< 1 0,2
=G-;"0$)+1$0J1+19 1 0,2 2%)$0;"09F(7.H?9"%0"/AG.(:"1.("D$%('()1; 1 0,2 Z66%$H+"%)D$9QAG.)1.:"09$"QG.)1?D9:"*1."A)*1.6."7G.*K7$0J 1 0,2 #%)"D.';09)"%79G0%?:"%R+-;*%$:"-$91?"D%)"(7IGF%$"D()91J1+19"%RA19*+:"-$9"!T4T 1 0,2
!"*.&79"D%)"1G8-%19$ 1 0,2 P."Q9-+1J"%?)9$"FI6$9 1 0,2 CG.091%$6+//A). 7G.*K7$0J"*%"0I7.$9"'A/919 1 0,2 9 1,5 $88CDWC9:(- 54CJQNIC9C: 'L9N95IA:(OJ6E6BA: Z66%$H+"(7.D./8) 1 0,2 C969$J1+19"%-0919*1I*%K)5"*()1;G+*+ 1 0,2 =)%7IG0%$9"F8G.("*19"DK/I1$9 1 0,2 #%)"AF%$"096J"QK1$*/J"1.").*.0./%?. 1 0,2 #%)"6%$1.(G-%?"1."9*9)*AG 1 0,2 5 0,8 !N6FHJ9IK( Z66%$H+"7G.*K7$0.&"09$"(7+G%*$8) 1 0,2 Z66%$H+"$91G$0.&"7G.*K7$0.& 3 0,5
27
366%?H%$: 7G.*K7$0.& 7 1,2 =)%7IG0%$9").*+6%(1$0.&"7G.*K7$0.&"09$"%R.76$*/.& 2 0,3 CGA7%$")9"(7IGF%$"I/%*+"%RA19*+"97J"1."-$91GJ"1.("09$"JF$"97J""1.)"E.+'J"1.( 1 0,2
14 2,4 +JMNCFDC: Z66%$H+"D$.$0+1$0;:"/AG$/)9: 1 0,2 =)%7IG0%$9"%R.76$*/.&5"*(*1+/I1K)"9*Q96%?9:"-$9"06.7A: 4 0,7 =)%79G0;"G9)1%E.&5"A66%$H+"%R(7+GA1+*+:"-$9"%-0&.(: 1 0,2 Z66%$H+"09'9G$J1+19:"%)1J:"09$"%01J:").*.0./%?.( 4 0,7 #%)"(7IGF%$"09'9G$J1+19"*1$:"F8G.(:"(-$%$);: 6 1,0 a9'(*1%G;*%$:"*19"G9)1%E.& 8 1,4 V%-I6+"9)9/.);"-$9"%R%1I*%$: 1 0,2 a9'(*1AG+*+"*1$:"%R%1I*%$:"1.("901$).6.-$0.& 1 0,2 V%-I6+"09'(*1AG+*+"*1+"-G9//91%?9"1K)"%RK1%G$08)"$91G%?K) 1 0,2 CGJE6+/9"/%"1."/9-)+1$0J"1./.-GIQ. 1 0,2 28 4,8 0OFLQFC9:(- JN6LQFC9: `%61?K*+"(7+G%*$8) 1 0,2 2G+-.GJ1%G+"%R(7+GA1+*+ 2 0,3 #KG%I)"7IG0$)-0 1 0,2 !"%7A019*+"1.("F8G.("1+:"EG9F%?9:").*+6%?9:"0G?)%19$"%7$1901$0; 4 0,7 a96&1%G.:"F8G.:"-$9")9"-?).)19$".$"%)A*%$:"Remicade 1 0,2 V%-96&1%G%:"%-0919*1I*%$:"*1."F8G."9)9/.);: 1 0,2 C%G$**J1%G+"0919)J+*+ 1 0,2 C%G$**J1%G+".G-I)K*+ 1 0,2 49"%7$*0%(9*'%?"."_.:"JG.Q.: 1 0,2 49"(7IGF%$"096&1%G+"%R(7+GA1+*+"09$"0919)J+*+ 1 0,2 49"(7IGF%$"6$-J1%G+"-G9Q%$.0G91%?9 1 0,2 49"(7IGF.()"*(F)J1%G9"97.-%(/91$)I"G9)1%E.& 1 0,2 V7.G.&)")9"E%61$K'.&)".$"(7+G%*?%:"90J/9"7%G$**J1%G. 1 0,2 V7.G.&*91%"096&1%G9 1 0,2 �G%$IU%19$"E%61?K*+"1."1+6%QK)$0J"0A)1G."-$9"19"G9)1%E.& 1 0,2 a96&1%G.:"7G.-G9//91$*/J:"*1$:"%7%/EI*%$: 1 0,2 20 3,4 67 11,3 .9QV6N5 367?U.(/%"*%"9)9EI'/$*+ 1 0,2 L(DA) 2 0,3 C.66A:"%Q+/%G?%: 1 0,2 4 0,7
Y1.)" 7?)909" O" D?).)19$" 19" $D$JF%$G9" *FJ6$95" .$" 79G91+G;*%$:" 09$" .$"
7G.1I*%$:" 7.(" 091A-G9H9)" *19" %GK1+/91.6J-$9" TTN" 97J" 1.(:" _�O"
28
*(//%1AF.)1%:" WT�5��X<" L$" *+/%$8*%$:" 9(1A:" ./9D.7.$;'+09)" *%"
091+-.G?%:<"
P." TT5�% 1.(" *()J6.(" 1K)" *(//%1%FJ)1K)" 091A-G9H%" %66%?H%$:5"
9)%7IG0%$%:5"D$IQ.G%:"79G91+G;*%$:"09$"7G.1I*%$:"E%61?K*+:" 1.("44=<
P." _5T% 1K)" *(//%19*FJ)1K)" 091A-G9H9)" '%1$0I" *FJ6$95 %)8" /J)." 1."
1,5% 091A-G9H%"D(*/%);"*FJ6$9<
0R3B5 5\"CG.*D.0?%:"1K)"*(//%1%FJ)1K)"97J"1$:"(7+G%*?%:"7.("
7G.*QAG%$"1."44=
7,8%
41,0% 51,2%
�%$GJ1%G%: �D$%: a96&1%G%:
CK:"7%G$/A)91%")9" %?)9$".$"(7+G%*?%:�
29
>+,-./.0(#()&1-)#"223&3$4-&1-),/4)&.)#?-.8.)&1-)"/(63#'@- &.")
::; 2$9" )9" %6%-F'%?" +" *().6$0;" $09).7.?+*+" 1K)" 9*'%)8)" 97J" 1$:"
79G%FJ/%)%:"(7+G%*?%:"D+/$.(G-;'+0%"A)9"*().6$0J"score $09).7.?+*+:"
1." .7.?." 7G.A0(H%" 97J" 1+)" I'G.$*+" 1K)" E9'/.6.-$8)" 1K)" %7$/AG.(:"
%GK1;*%K)"WT�09'J6.("$09).7.$+/A).$"AK:"_�"76;GK:"$09).7.$+/A).$X<"
P." score /7.G%?" )9" 7IG%$" 1$/A:" 97J" TM" AK:" _�<" ,H+6J1%G+" 1$/;"
*+/91.D.1%?" /%-96&1%G+" $09).7.?+*+<" ,7.6.-?*1+0%" +" *().6$0;"
$09).7.?+*+"1K)"*(//%1%FJ)1K)5"+".7.?9"7%G$-GIQ%19$"*1.)"7?)909 10.
!D45I5:(=<a(Score *().6$0;:"$09).7.?+*+:"1K)"*(//%1%FJ)1K)
0O4689I3(9I546J6DMFM
36IF$*1+"1$/; 12,0 VA-$*1+"1$/; 58,0 %AFM(L9B3 49,1 SD 8,1
[7K:"Q9?)%19$"*1.)"7?)909" 1."/A*. score *().6$0;:" $09).7.?+*+:"49,1
(SD=8,1) /%"9)81%G+"1$/;"1."_�"09$"09181%G+"1."TM<"
!"#$%&'#() &(*) '+,-./.0(#(*) 23) A(2.56,B'+.?*) /,675.-&3*) +,')/,675.-&3*)/.")#$3&0C.-&,')23)&'*)/,6.$%*)&.")-.#.+.230."= Y1.)" 7?)909" TT" Q9?)%19$ +" *().6$0;" $09).7.?+*+" 1K)" *(//%1%FJ)1K)"
9)I6.-9" /%" D+/.-G9Q$0.&:" 79GI-.)1%:" 09$" /%" 79GI-.)1%:" 7.("
*F%1?U.)19$"/%"1$:"79G.FA:"1.(").*.0./%?.(<
30
!D45I5:(==: Y(*FA1$*+"1+:"*().6$0;:"$09).7.?+*+:"/% D+/.-G9Q$0.&:"09$"I66.(:"79GI-.)1%:
0O4689I3(9I546J6DMFM P
Mann-Whitney %AFM(L9B3 SD
,B3B5())* 3RK1%G$0I"$91G%?9 49,0 7,6 <0,001* a6$)$0A: 50,6 7,6
37%?-.)19"7%G$*191$0I 46,0 9,1
[786 �)1G%: 49,1 8,4 0,582 2()9?0%: 48,9 7,8 0OBJ83NHFM(L6O(C4L7J6O
97J"1.)"?D$."1.)"9*'%); 49,7 7,7 0,673
97J"*().DJ 48,2 10,2 189ID5 20-40 47,8 8,6 0,007* 40-60 49,5 8,2 >60 50,7 7,2
* Kruskal-Wallis test
[7K:" Q9?)%19$" *1.)" 7?)909" .$" ).*+6%(J/%).$" *1." 44=" ;19)" *+/9)1$0I"
7$."$09).7.$+/A).$"*%"*&-0G$*+"1J*."/%"1.(:"%R%19*'A)1%:"*19"%RK1%G$0I"
$91G%?9" Wp�N5NN�X" 09$" *1." S3C" Wp�N5NNTX<" 37?*+:5" .$" %R%19*'A)1%:" *19"
%RK1%G$0I"$91G%?9";19)"*+/9)1$0I"7$."$09).7.$+/A).$"*%"*&-0G$*+"/%"1.(:"
%R%19*'A)1%: *1." S3C" Wp=0,005). 37$76A.)5 .$"*(//%1AF.)1%:"+6$0?9: 20-
^N"%18)";19)"*+/9)1$0I"6$-J1%G."$09).7.$+/A).$"97J"1.(:"*(//%1AF.)1%:"
+6$0?9: 40-�N"%18)"Wp�N5N^MX"09$"97J"1.(:"*(//%1AF.)1%:"+6$0?9: I)K"1K)"
�N"%18)"Wp=0,003).
#%)"(7;GF%"D$9Q.GI"*1+)"$09).7.?+*+"/%19R&"9)DG8)"09$"-()9$08).
Y1." *F;/9" �" Q9?)%19$" D$9-G9//91$0I" +" *().6$0;" $09).7.?+*+" 1K)"
*(//%1%FJ)1K)"9)I6.-9"/%"1."1/;/9"1.("44="7.("1.(:"%R(7+GA1+*%<
31
0R3B5 6\"Y().6$0;"$09).7.?+*+"1K)"*(//%1%FJ)1K)"9)I6.-9"/%"1."1/;/9"1.( 44="7.("1.(:"%R(7+GA1+*%<
32
33
.] &I546J6DMFM( 5JK( Q88C:( J5N5BALN6O:( LM:( 8C9L6ONGD5:( L6O())*
>+,-./.0(#() -.#(83"423-1-) ,#D3-@-) ,-7) +8'-'+9) #&(-) ./.0,)-.#(83?D(+,- L$" 7%G$**J1%G.$" 9*'%)%?:" 7.(" *(//%1%?F9)" *1+)" AG%()9" ).*+6%&'+09)"
*1$:" F%$G.(G-$0A:" 09$" .G'.7%D$0A:" a6$)$0A:5" /%" 97.1A6%*/9" )9" /+)" %?)9$"
9R$J7$*1+" +" %01?/+*+" 1+:" *().6$0;:" $09).7.?+*+:" -$9" 7.66A:" a6$)$0A:"
6J-K" /$0G.&" D%?-/91.: W9(R+/A)+" *19'%G;" 97J06$*+" *1+)" *191$*1$0;"
9)I6(*+X. Z1*$5" 19" %(G;/919" 1.(" *F%1$0.&" 7?)909" %?)9$" /J)." %)D%$01$0I<"
[7K:" 7G.0&71%$" 97J" 1+)" 7?)909" 12, -$9" 1$:" 7%G$**J1%G%:" 06$)$0A:" 19"
%)D%$01$0I" 7.*.*1I" $09).7.?+*+:" ;19)" (H+6I FKG?:" 9)" 7G.0&71%$"
*191$*1$08:" *+/9)1$0;" D$9Q.GI" *1.)" E9'/J" $09).7.?+*+:" 1K)"
).*+6%('A)1K)" /%19R&" 1K)" D$9QJGK)" 06$)$08). Y%" /%G$0A:" 7%G$718*%$:"
a6$)$08)" 19" 7.*.*1I" F9/+6;:" ;" 09$" (H+6;:" $09).7.?+*+:" D%)"
9R$.6.-.&)19$" J19)" ." 9G$'/J:" 1K)" ).*+6%('A)1K)" *%" 9(1A:" ;19)" 7.6&"
/$0GJ:<"
>+,-./.0(#() -.#(83"423-1-) ,#D3-@-) ,/4) &'*) 8.'/%*)
"/(63#03* P." 7.*.*1J" 1K)" 97J6(19" ;" 7.6&" $09).7.$+/A)K)" 9*'%)8)" 7.("
).*+6%&'+09)"-$9"1$:"9)1?*1.$F%:"79G9/A1G.(:"7.("%G%();'+09)";19)\ !69KLML5(L6O(V5GML67: 57,3%
0OBJCN9V6NQ(LH4(LN5JCU6IKBH4: 83,2%
'525N9KLML5(EHB5LD6Oa 70,6% '525N9KLML5(869JP4(RPNH4a 69,8% 0OBJCN9V6NQ(I525N9FLN9P4a 78,2% -N5VCD6(ID4MFM:(5F2C4P4(fI5LQ(LM4(E95E9I5FD5(C9F5GHG3:ga(81,8%
34
!D45I5:(=;\"Y().6$0;"$09).7.?+*+"1K)").*+6%(J/%)K)"9)I6.-9"/%"1+)"06$)$0;"
7.(").*+6%&1+09)
0O4689I3(
9I546J6DMFM P
Kruskal-Wallis %AFM(L9B3 SD
0C(J695(I8949I3(46FM8CO23I5LC\ =--%$.F%$G.(G-$0; 93,3 5,5 0,725 29*1G%)1%G.6.-$0; 92,3 12,4 2()9$0.6.-$0; 63,0 . 3)D.0G$).6.-$0; 98,5 10,6 �KG90.F%$G.(G-$0; 96,0 . a9GD$.6.-$0; = 98,2 7,5 a9GD$.6.-$0; ` 89,8 14,6 4%(G.6.-$0; 97,2 10,0 4%(G.F%$G.(G-$0; 95,8 16,2 4%QG.6.-$0; 97,1 14,4 44= 90,3 11,6 L-0.6.-$0; 90,5 21,9 L(G.6.-$0; 86,5 8,9 LG'.7%D$0; = 99,3 4,4 0,816 LG'.7%D$0; ` 89,0 15,0 LQ'96/.6.-$0; 96,0 C9'.6.-$0; = 96,0 9,6 C9'.6.-$0; ` 98,4 8,6 C)%(/.).6.-$0; 95,0 10,2 �%(/91.6.-$0; 96,0 . �%$G.(G-$0; = 95,6 3,1 �%$G.(G-$0; ` 94,5 17,1 �(F$91G$0; 90,3 12,0 b�� 92,0 11,8
35
$](!5NQBCLN69(8C9L6ONGD5:(LH4(CTHLCN9IP4(95LNCDH4( Y1.)"7?)909"13 09$"*1."*F;/9"�5"Q9?).)19$"+"0919)./;"1K)"216 9*'%)8)
7.("*(/76;GK*9)"19"%GK1+/91.6J-$9 *19"%7?"/AG.(:"3S.
0R3B5 7\"YF+/91$0;"0919)./;"1K)"%R%19*'A)1K)"*19"D$IQ.G9"3S"
36
!D45I5:(=3\"a919)./;"1K)"%R%19*'A)1K)"*19"3S 0C(J696($THLCN9IK(95LNCD6(3(CNG5FL3N96(CTCL5F23I5LC\ n %
�%$G.(G-$0J 7 3,2 =--%$.-�KG90.F%$G.(G-$0J 21 9,7 #%G/91.6.-$0J 5 2,3 29*1G%)1%G.6.-$0J 19 8,8 3)D.0G$).6.-$0J 15 6,9 2()9$0.6.-$0J 24 11,1 C9$D$91G$0J 6 2,8 C9'.6.-$0J 13 6,0 C)%(/.).6.-$0J 7 3,2 LD.)1$91G$0J 1 0,5 4%(G.6.-$0J 19 8,8 LG'.7%D$0J 9 4,2 LQ'96/.6.-$0J 16 7,4 L(G.6.-$0J 11 5,1 �%(/91.6.-$0J 14 6,5 �(F$91G$0J 1 0,5 b�� 28 13,0 074686 216 100
Y1.)" 7?)909" T^ Q9?).)19$" 19" 97.1%6A*/919" 7.(" 9Q.G.&)" D$IQ.G%:"
79G9/A1G.(:" 1+:" J6+:" D$9D$09*?9:" %RA19*+:" *19" %RK1%G$0I" $91G%?9" 7.("
9Q.G.&)" 1.+" 1GJ7." %RA19*+:" WG9)1%E.&" ;" JF$X5" 1.(:" FGJ).(:" 9)9/.);:"
-$9"1."G9)1%E.&"09$"-$9"1+)"%RA19*+<
[7K:"7G.0&71%$"97J"1+)"79G91;G+*+"1.("7?)909"T�5"+"76%$.)J1+19"1K)"
9*'%)8)"W78,0%) A06%$*%"1+6%QK)$0I"1."G9)1%E.&"-$9"%RA19*+"*19"3S"09$"
/J6$:"1."MM�"FG+*$/.7.?+*%"1."-G9Q%?."G9)1%E.&"*1+)"0&G$9"%?*.D."1.("
44=<"
P."G9)1%E.&"-$9"%RA19*+"*19"3S"06%?*'+0%"091I"/A*."JG."M�5N"/AG%:"7G$)5"
966I"+"*19'%G;"97J06$*+";19)"7.6&"/%-I6+"(±27,9 +/AG%:"), -%-.)J:"7.("
(7.D+68)%$" J1$ 7.6&" 9*'%)%?:" A06%$*9)" G9)1%E.&" 7G$)" 6?-%:" ;" 7IG9"
7.66A:"+/AG%:<
37
VI6$*19"+"76%$.)J1+19"1K)"9*'%)8)"W71,2%) %R%1I*'+0%"97J"1.)"-$91GJ"
7.("%7A6%R%"09$"JF$"I66."-$91GJ"1+:"06$)$0;:"7.("%?F%")KG?1%G9"%6%&'%G."
G9)1%E.&<"
!D45I5:(=4\"C9GI/%1G.$"D$9D$09*?9:"%RA19*+:"*19"%RK1%G$0I"$91G%?9
n % '8CDF5LC(L6(N54LCS67 LM8CVH49IQ 142 78,0
*1."-G9Q%?."G9)1%E.&"44= 40 22,0
!KFC:(MBANC:(JN94(LM4(CTAL5FM(I8CDF5LC(L6(N54LCS67\ (BAFM(L9B3hSD) 26,0±27,9 $J98AT5LC(L6(G95LNK(J6O(F5:(CTAL5FC\ JF$ 61 28,8
459 151 71,2 '52OFLCN3F5LC(45(CTCL5F2CDLC(FC(FRAFM(BC(L6(N54LCS67(F5:\ KR9 168 79,6
)9$ 43 20,4 '52OFLANMFM(f8CJLQgX(BAFM(L9B3hSD 55,0±34,5 $4MBCNH23I5LC(G95(L64(J9254K(8KG6(I52OFLANMFM: KR9 21 60,0
)9$ 14 40,0 $TCL5F23I5LC(RHND:(N54LCS67 KR9 153 71,8 )9$ 60 28,2 iN5(545B643:(f8CJLQg (BAFM(L9B3hSD) 48,5±54,4 $TCL5F23I5LC(BCLQ(5JK(J5N5J6BJ3(5JK(L6(&5LNCD6($JC9GK4LH4(JCN9FL5L9IP4\
KR9 186 87,3
)9$ 27 12,7 iN5(545B643:(f8CJLQgX(BAFM(L9B3hSD 63,3±76,2
P."�O5��"1K)"9*'%)8)"%R%1I*'+0%"*1+)"7G.09'.G$*/A)+"8G9"G9)1%E.&.
VJ)." 1." MN5^�" 1K)" *(//%1%FJ)1K)" 09'(*1AG+*9)" )9" %R%19*'.&)" *%"
*FA*+"/%"1."7G.-G9//91$*/A)."G9)1%E.&"1.(:"091I"/A*."JG."__5N"6%71I,
966I" /%" /%-I6+" *19'%G;" 97J06$*+" (±34,5 6%71I)5" -%-.)J:" 7.("
(7.D+68)%$" J1$" (7;GF%" /%-I6+" D$90&/9)*+" *1.)" FGJ)." 09'(*1AG+*+:
W6$-J1%G." ;" 7%G$**J1%G.X<" [/K:" /J). 1." ^N5N�" 1K)" 9*'%)8)" 7.("
09'(*1AG+*9)")9"%R%19*'.&)"%)+/%G8'+0%"-$9"1."6J-."09'(*1AG+*+:<"
38
Y+/%$8)%19$" J1$" 7%G?7.(" ." A)9:" *1.(" 1G%$:" 9*'%)%?:" (28,2%) 7.("
%R%1I*'+09)" *19" 3S" 1+)" 1(F9?9" +/AG9" 1+:" AG%()9:" %R%1I*'+0% FKG?:" )9"
AF%$" G9)1%E.&5" /%" /A*+" 8G9" 9)9/.);:" ^�5_" 6%71I" %7?*+:" /%" /%-I6+"
*19'%G;"97J06$*+ (±54,4 6%71I)5"7.("(7.D+68)%$"J1$"7.66.?"97J"9(1.&:"
%R%1I*'+0%"*%"/$0GJ"FG.)$0J"D$I*1+/9.
PA6.:5"1."TM5��"1K)"*(//%1%FJ)1K)"%R%1I*'+09) *19"1901$0I"3S"%01I01K:"
09$"FKG?:"G9)1%E.&5"/%1I"97J"79G97./7;"1.(:"97J"1."S3C /%"/A*+"8G9"
9)9/.);:" ��5�" 6%71I" 966I" %7?*+:" /%" /%-I6+" *19'%G;" 97J06$*+" (±76,2
6%71I).
Y1.)"7?)909"15 D?)%19$" +" $09).7.?+*+" 1K)" %R%19*'A)1K)" *19" 3S" 97J" 1."
-G9Q%?."G9)1%E.&< [7K:"Q9?)%19$"1."��5T�"1K)"%R%19*'A)1K)"*19"3S";19)"
7.6&"K:"76;GK:" $09).7.$+/A).$" 97J" 1+)" %(-A)%$9" 1.("7G.*K7$0.&" 1.("
-G9Q%?.("G9)1%E.&<
!D45I5:(=b: S09).7.?+*+"1K)"%R%19*'A)1K)"*19"3S"97J"1."-G9Q%?."G9)1%E.&
!KF6(9I546J69MBA469(CDFLC(5JK(L6(GN5VCD6(N54LCS67
'52K86O #DG6 *NICLQ !687 !83NH: !687(^(!83NH:(
(%) 3(-A)%$9 n 1 7 30 52 83 % 0,6 4,0 17,3 30,1 48,0 78,1 a919)J+*+ n 2 9 38 44 72 % 1,2 5,5 23,0 26,7 43,6 70,3 3R(7+GA1+*+ n 1 9 35 47 80 % 0,6 5,2 20,3 27,3 46,5 73,8
Y1."*F;/9"�"Q9?)%19$"D$9-G9//91$0I"+"$09).7.?+*+"1K)"%R%19*'A)1K)"*19"
3S"97J"1+)"%(-A)%$9"1.("7G.*K7$0.&"*1."-G9Q%?."G9)1%E.&<
39
0R3B5 8: $09).7.?+*+"1K)"%R%19*'A)1K)"*19"3S"97J"1+)"%(-A)%$9"1.("
7G.*K7$0.&"*1."-G9Q%?."G9)1%E.&
Y1.)"7?)909"16 79G.(*$IU%19$ +"$09).7.?+*+"1K)"*(//%1%FJ)1K)"97J"1+"
-G9//91%?9"09$"1."6.-$*1;G$. 1K)"3S.
!D45I5:(=6: S09).7.?+*+"1K)"*(//%1%FJ)1K)"97J"1+"-G9//91%?9"09$"1."6.-$*1;G$. 1K)"3S
!KF6(9I546J69MBA-469(CDFLC(5JK(LM(GN5BB5LCD5(I59(L6(86G9FL3N96 LH4($&
'52K86O #DG6 *NICLQ !687 !83NH: !687(^(!83NH:(
(%)
3(-A)%$9 n 3 7 39 43 73 % 1,8 4,2 23,6 26,1 44,2 70,3 a919)J+*+ n 2 11 39 38 72 % 1,2 6,8 24,1 23,5 44,4 67,9 3R(7+GA1+*+ n 5 9 34 41 76 % 3,0 5,5 20,6 24,8 46,1 70,9
40
P."�N5O�"1K)"*(//%1%FJ)1K)";19)"7.6& K:"76;GK:"$09).7.$+/A).$"97J
1+)"%R(7+GA1+*+"*1+"-G9//91%?9"09$"1."6.-$*1;G$. 1K)"3S. C9GJ/.$9";19)"
19" 7.*.*1I" -$9" 1+)" %(-A)%$9" 09$" 1+)" %7$D%$0)(J/%)+" 0919)J+*+" 97J" 1."
7G.*K7$0J"7.("19"*1%6%F8)%$<
Y1."*F;/9"O"97.D?D%19$" D$9-G9//91$0I" $09).7.?+*+" 1K)"*(//%1%FJ)1K)"
97J"1+)"%R(7+GA1+*+"*1+"-G9//91%?9"09$"*1."6.-$*1;G$. 1K)"3S.
0R3B5(e\"S09).7.?+*+"1K)"*(//%1%FJ)1K)"97J"1+)"%R(7+GA1+*+"*1+
-G9//91%?9"09$"*1."6.-$*1;G$. 1K)"3S
Y1.)" 7?)909" 17 Q9?)%19$" +" $09).7.?+*+" 1K)" %R%19*'A)1K)" *19" 3S" *%"
D$IQ.G%:"79G9/A1G.(:<"
41
VJ)."1."��5O�"1K)"%R%19*'A)1K)";19)"7.6&"K:"76;GK:"$09).7.$+/A).$"
97J"1+)"09'9G$J1+19"1K)"F8GK) 1K)"3S. P9"9)1?*1.$F9"7.*.*1I"-$9 1+)"
*().6$0;"%$0J)9"1K)"(7+G%*$8)";19)"65,4% 09$"1+)"%$0J)9"1K)"(7.D./8)"
1." _^5��<" PA6.:5 7.6&" K:" 76;GK:" $09).7.$+/A).$" 97J" 1." *&).6." 1.("
7G.*K7$0.&";19) 1."�O5_�"1K)"%R%19*'A)1K)"*19"3S<
!D45I5:(=7: S09).7.?+*+"1K)"%R%19*'A)1K)"*19"3S"*%"D$IQ.G%:"79G9/A1G.(:
!KF6(9I546J69MBA469(CDFLC(5JK(LM(FO4689I3(C9IK45 '52K86O #DG6 *NICLQ !687 !83NH:
!687(^(!83NH:(
(%) a9'9G$J1+19"F8GK) n 3 17 41 65 64 % 1,6 8,9 21,6 34,2 33,7 67,9 CK:"9R$.6.-%?1%"1$:"(7+G%*?%: n 1 6 56 61 58
% 0,5 3,3 30,8 33,5 31,9 65,4 CK:"9R$.6.-%?1%"1."7G.*K7$0J n 0 7 32 69 82
% 0,0 3,7 16,8 36,3 43,2 79,5 CK:"9R$.6.-%?1%"1$:"(7.D./A: n 1 21 62 67 34
% 0,5 11,4 33,5 36,2 18,4 54,6
&I546J6DMFM(LH4(FOBBCLCRK4LH4(5JK(L6(F74686(LH4(OJMNCF9P4] 2$9" )9" %6%-F'%?" +" *().6$0;" $09).7.?+*+" 1K)" 9*'%)8)" 97J" 1$:"
79G%FJ/%)%:"(7+G%*?%:"D+/$.(G-;'+0%"A)9"*().6$0J"score $09).7.?+*+:"
1." .7.?." 7G.A0(H%" 97J" 1+)" I'G.$*+" 1K)" E9'/.6.-$8)" 1K)" %7$/AG.(:"
%GK1;*%K)"WT�09'J6.("$09).7.$+/A).$"AK:"_�"76;GK:"$09).7.$+/A).$X<"
P."score /7.G%?")9"7IG%$"1$/A: 97J"TO"AK:"O�5"/%"1+) (H+6J1%G+"1$/;")9"
*+/9?)%$ /%-96&1%G+" $09).7.?+*+<",7.6.-?*1+0%"+"*().6$0;" $09).7.?+*+"
1K)"*(//%1%FJ)1K)5"+".7.?9"7%G$-GIQ%19$"*1.)"7?)909 18.
P."score %?F%"/A*+"1$/;"?*+"/%"��5T"WSD=12,9).
42
!D45I5:(=8\"S09).7.?+*+"1K)"%R%19*'A)1K)"*19"3S"97J"1."*&).6."1K)"(7+G%*$8)
0O4689I3(9I546J6DMFM
36IF$*1+"1$/; 40,0 VA-$*1+"1$/; 92,0 VA*+"1$/; 77,1 SD 12,9
0OFRAL9FM( LM:( 9I546J6DMFM:( BC( EMB6GN5V9I67:( J5NQG64LC:( I59(J5NQG64LC:(J6O(FRCLDU64L59(BC(L9:(J5N6RA:(L6O(46F6I6BCD6O] Y1.)" 7?)909" 19 D?D%19$" +" *(*FA1$*+" 1+:" *().6$0;: $09).7.?+*+" 1K)"
%R919*'A)1K)" *19" 3S" /%" D+/.-G9Q$0.&:" 79GI-.)1%:" 09$" /%" 79GI-.)1%:" 7.("
*F%1?U.)19$"/%"1$:"79G.FA:"1.(").*.0./%?.(<
!D45I5:(=9\"Y(*FA1$*+"1+:"*().6$0;:"$09).7.?+*+:"1K)"%R%19*'A)1K)"*19"3S"/%"D$IQ.G%:"/%19E6+1A:
!5NQBCLN69(5T968KGMFM:
0O4689I3(9I546J6DMFM
P Mann-
Whitney %AFM(L9B3 SD
[786 I)1G%: 77,1 12,9 0,988 -()9?0%: 76,6 13,4
189ID5 20-40 74,6 13,5 0,062* 40-60 77,4 13,1 >60 83,1 10,0
0OBJ8MNHFM(L6O(C4L7J6O 97J"1.)"?D$."1.)"9*'%); 76,7 14,1 0,622
97J"*().DJ 75,8 10,6
'8CDF5LC(L6(N54LCS67 1+6%QK)$0I 77,5 13,0 0,221
*1."-G9Q%?."1.("44= 73,6 13,0
$J98AT5LC(L6(G95LNK(J6O(F5:(CTAL5FC\
JF$ 75,5 11,1 0,169 )9$ 77,6 13,5
'52OFLCN3F5LC(45(CTCL5F2CDLC(FC(FRAFM(BC(L6(N54LCS67(F5:\
JF$ 78,8 12,1 0,010 )9$ 71,2 14,3
$4MBCNH23I5LC(G95(L64(J9254K(8KG6(I52OFLANMFM:
JF$ 68,6 11,8 0,549 )9$ 71,4 19,2
$TCL5F23I5LC(RHND:(N54LCS67 JF$ 76,9 13,4 0,990 )9$ 77,5 11,6
$TCL5F23I5LC(BCLQ(5JK(J5N5J6BJ3(5JK(L6(&5LNCD6($JC9GK4LH4(JCN9FL5L9IP4;
JF$ 77,6 12,9 0,241
)9$ 74,6 12,8 *Kruskal-Wallis test
43
!"*191$*1$0;"9)I6(*+"AD%$R%"J1$".$"%R%19*'A)1%:"*19"3S"7.("D%)"09'(*1AG+*9)"
)9" %R%19*'.&)" *1." FG.)$0I" 7G.09'.G$*/A)." G9)1%E.&" 1.(:" %?F9)"
*+/9)1$0I" (H+6J1%G+" *().6$0;" $09).7.?+*+" *%" *&-0G$*+" /%" 1.(:"
*(//%1AF.)1%:" 7.(" 1%6$0I" 09'(*1AG+*9) )9" %R%19*'.&)" *1."
7G.-G9//91$*/A)."G9)1%E.&"1.(:.
P."%&G+/9"9(1J"Q9?)%19$"D$9-G9//91$0I"*1."*F;/9"TN<"
0R3B5(=<\"*(*FA1$*+"1+:"*().6$0;:"$09).7.?+*+:"/%"1."9)"09'(*1AG+*9)")9"%R%19*'.&)".$"%R%19*'A)1%:"*19"3S"*% *FA*+"/%"1."G9)1%E.&"1.(:
44
Y1.)"7?)909"20 %/Q9)?U%19$ +"*().6$0;" $09).7.?+*+" 1K)"*(//%1%FJ)1K)"
9)I6.-9"/%"1."%RK1%G$0J"$91G%?."*1.".7.?."97%('&)'+09)<
!D45I5:(20: *().6$0;"$09).7.?+*+"1K)"%R%19*'A)1K)"*19"D$IQ.G9"3S"
0C(J696($THLCN9IK(95LNCD6(3(CNG5FL3N96(CTCL5F23I5LC\
0O4689I3(9I546J6DMFM %AFM(L9B3 SD
�%$G.(G-$0J 77,7 9,0
=--%$.-�KG90.F%$G.(G-$0J 78,1 13,0
#%G/91.6.-$0J 91,0 1,4
29*1G%)1%G.6.-$0J 80,9 9,4
3)D.0G$).6.-$0J 74,1 12,4
2()9$0.6.-$0J 76,1 16,5
C9$D$91G$0J 79,0 12,7
C9'.6.-$0J 66,3 8,6
C)%(/.).6.-$0J 83,0 11,5
LD.)1$91G$0J 73,0
4%(G.6.-$0J 84,8 8,8
LG'.7%D$0J 73,5 13,3
LQ'96/.6.-$0J 73,7 10,3
L(G.6.-$0J 73,5 16,9
�%(/91.6.-$0J 82,9 11,0
�(F$91G$0J 67,0
b�� 75,5 16,8
!"*(-0G$1$0;"9)I6(*+"AD%$R%"J1$".$" %R%19*'A)1%:"*1."79'.6.-$0J"3S ;19)"
*+/9)1$0I" 6$-J1%G." $09).7.$+/A).$" 97J" 1.(:" *(//%1AF.)1%:" 7.("
%R%1I*'+09)" *1." -9*1G%)1%G.6.-$0J5" *1." )%(G.6.-$0J" 09$" *1."
G%(/91.6.-$0J"$91G%?."Wp=0,007, p�N5NMN"09$"p�N5NMM"9)1?*1.$F9X<"
L" E9'/J:" 1+: *().6$0;: $09).7.?+*+: 9)I6.-9" /%" 1." $91G%?." 7.("
%R%1I*'+09)".$"*(//%1AF.)1%: 97%$0.)?U%19$"*1."*F;/9"11.
45
0R3B5(=1: ."E9'/J:"*().6$0;:"$09).7.?+*+:"*19"D$IQ.G9"3S
V%6%1;'+0%" +" 7$'9);" *(*FA1$*+" /%19R&" 1+:" *().6$0;:" $09).7.?+*+:" 1K)"
%R%19*'A)1K)" *19" 3S" 09$" 1K)"KG8)" 9)9/.);:5" 966I" D%)" 7G.A0(H%" *191$*1$0I"
*+/9)1$0;"*(*FA1$*+"W7?)909: 21).
46
!D45I5:(21: Y()1%6%*1A:"*(*FA1$*+:"1.("Spearman /%19R&"1+:"*().6$0;:"$09).7.?+*+:"09$"1K)"KG8)"9)9/.);:
0O4689I3(
9I546J6DMFM !KFC:(MBANC:(JN94(LM4(CTAL5FM(I8CDF5LC(L6(N54LCS67\ r 0,01
P 0,902 *4(I52OFLCN3F5LC(45(CTCL5F2CDLC(FC(FRAFM(BC(L6(N54LCS67(F5:X(JKFM(PN5(3L54(M(I52OFLANMFM
r -0,05
P 0,799 *4(CTCL5F23I5LC(RHND:(N54LCS67X(!KFM(PN5(JCN9BA45LC\ r -0,20
P 0,294 *4(CTCL5F23I5LC(BCLQ(5JK(J5N5J6BJ3(5JK(L6(&5LNCD6($JC9GK4LH4(JCN9FL5L9IP4X(JKFM(PN5(JCN9BA45LC\
r -0,38
P 0,202
47
0L]( !5NQBCLN69( 8C9L6ONGD5:( L6O( &5LNCD6O $JC9GK4LH4(!CN9FL5L9IP4 189ID5 CTCL5F2A4LH4\" !" 76%$.H+Q?9" ;19)" I1./9" /%19R&" MN-^N" %18)"
W_�5��X5"$D?K:"(79R$K/91$0.?"WM^�X<
0OR4KLML5(CJDFICWM:(FL6 &$!\"VJ)."1."MN5��"1.("D%?-/91.:"7G.*;6'%"*1."44="-$9"7G81+"Q.GI5"%)8 1."^^5_�"1."%?F%"%7$*0%Q'%?"*1."79G%6'J)"
97J"T-_"Q.GA:<
!78M( C9FKE6O( FL6( ))*\" !" 76%$.H+Q?9" 1K)" *(//%19*FJ)1K)" 7.("%R%1I*'+09)"*1."S3C %$*;6'%"97J"1+)"%?*.D."1.("44="97J"1+)"7&6+"1.("
V%1GJ"(63%).
%AFM(E9QNIC95(J5N5B643:(FL6(&$!(/AFG$"1+)"9GF$0;"%RA19*+: 52,5±87,1
6%71I
%AFM( E9QNIC95( J5N5B643:( FL6( &$! W/AFG$" 1+)" 9)9F8G+*+" ;" 1+)"
%$*9-K-;"*1."44=X\"3,2h`X;(PNC:] $4MBANHFMa( /J)." 1." ^^5�� 1K)" %R%19*'A)1K)" %)+/%G8'+09)" -$9" 1+)"9$1?9"1+:"09'(*1AG+*+:
*N92BK:( 5F2C4P4( FLM4( 5D26OF5( 545B643:( JN94( L64( CTCL5F2A4L5a(VJ)."1."TM5^�"1.("D%?-/91.:"%R%1I*'+0%"I/%*9"6J-K"/+"&79GR+:"I66K)"
9)9/%)J)1K) 9*'%)8)<" P." ^�5��" 1K)" %R%19*'A)1K)" %R%1I*'+0%" /%1I"
9)9/.);"I66K)"�-TN"9*'%)8)<
>+,-./.0(#() ,/4) &.) /6.#1/'+4) &(*) 56,22,&30,*-8.5'#&(60.") &.")>EF P." 7.*.*1J" 1K)" 7.6&" K:" 97J6(19" $09).7.$+/A)K)" 9*'%)8)" 7.("
%R%1I*'+09)"*1."S3C"97J"1."7G.*K7$0J"1+:"-G9//91%?9:-6.-$*1+G?.("1.("
S3C" ).*+6%&'+09)" -$9" 1$:" 9)1?*1.$F%:" 79G9/A1G.(:" 7.(" %G%();'+09)"
;19)\ $OGA4C95: 66,7% '5L54KMFM: 65,1% $TOJMNALMFM: 64,2%
48
!"-.8'+9)>+,-./.0(#()&1-)3<3&,#D%-&1-)#&.)>EF P." 7.*.*1J" 1K)" 97J6(19" ;" 7.6&" $09).7.$+/A)K)" 9*'%)8)" 7.("
%R%1I*'+09)"*1."S3C";19)\ $JD8OFM(L6O(JN6S83B5L6:(OGCD5:: 72,7%
'525N9KLML5(RPNH4: 59,2%
*T968KGMFM(OJMNCF9P4: 67,5%
*T968KGMFM(JN6FHJ9I67: 82,4%
*T968KGMFM(OJ6E6BP4: 39,8%
%AFM(L9B3(9I546J6DMFM:: 64,5±13,6 (17-83)
Y1." *F;/9" TM D?)%19$" +" $09).7.?+*+" 1K)" *(//%1%FJ)1K)" 97J" 1$:"
(7.D./A:5"9)I6.-9"/%"1."1/;/9"1.("44="7.("97%('&)'+09)<
0R3B5 12: S09).7.?+*+"1K)"*(//%1%FJ)1K)"97J"1$:"(7.D./A:"9)I6.-9"/%"
1."1/;/9"1.("44="7.("1.(:"%R(7+GA1+*%
49
F,675.-&3*)/.")3/(6%,#,-)&.-)G,D24)'+,-./.0(#(* Y+/9)1$0J1%G9"7%G$**J1%G."$09).7.$+/A).$";19)\"
9"=(1.?" 7.(" J19)"7G.*;6'9)" EG;09)" )9" 7%G$/A).()" *1." S3C" T-�" I66.$"
9*'%)%?:<
E<"=(1.?"7.("7%G?/%)9)")9"%R%19*'.&)"6$-J1%G."FGJ).
50
51
0+-'>&01( ,?)( *!",$#$0%*,?)( ,10( $>$+)*0(&'*)"!"&1010( *0/$)?)( *!"( ,"( ))*( %$( *+,* *##?)($>$+)?)(0$()"0"'"%$&*(,10(*,,&'10 3?)9$"7GJD+6."J1$"-$9")9"9R$.6.-;*%$"09)%?:"19"97.1%6A*/919"1+:"AG%()9:"
$09).7.?+*+:" 1K)" FG+*18)" 1K)" 79G%FJ/%)K)" (7+G%*$8)" 97J" 1." 44="
7GA7%$" )9" *(-0G?)%$" 1.(:" D%?01%:" $09).7.?+*+:" 7.(" 0919-GIQ+09)" *1+)"
79G.&*9" AG%()9" /%" 9(1.&:" 7.(" EGA'+09)" *%" 9)1?*1.$F%:" /%6A1%:" 7.("
A-$)9) *%"I669"4.*.0./%?9"1+:"=11$0;:.
=7J" 1+)" AG%()9" 1+:" E$E6$.-G9Q?9:" EGA'+09)" .$" D&." 79G90I1K"
D+/.*$%(/A)%:"/%6A1%:\
T<"!"/%6A1+"1K)"4<"C.6&U.("09$"*()%G-918)"/%"1?16."@Y(-0G$1$0;"9)I6(*+"
/%6%18)" $09).7.?+*+:" 9*'%)8)" *%" 4.*.0./%?9" *1+)" =11$0;B" W=GF%?9"
366+)$0;:" S91G$0;:" MNN_5" MM(3):284-MO_X<" Y1+)" /%6A1+" 9(1;" 9)96&.)19$"
*(-0G$1$0I" 19" %(G;/919" AG%()9:" *%" 3R%$D$0%(/A)." /+" 0%GD.*0.7$0.&"
F9G901;G9"4.*.0./%?."WJ7K:"1."b)I*%$."a9GD$.F%$G.(G-$0J"aA)1G.X""09$"
*%"A)9")%.*&*191."#+/J*$."4.*.0./%?."WJ7K:"1."4.*.0./%?."@=11$0JBX<
M<"!"/%6A1+"1K)"`<"C979-$9))J7.(6.("09$"*()%G-918)"/%"1?16."@VA1G+*+"
1+:" $09).7.?+*+:" 97J" 1$:" 79G%FJ/%)%:" (7+G%*?%:" *%" 79$D$91G$0J"
4.*.0./%?."1+:"=11$0;:B"W=GF%?9"366+)$0;:"S91G$0;:"MNN�5"M_WTX\��-82).
=)" 09$" .$" 79G97I)K" /%6A1%:" AF.()" D$9Q.G%1$0.&:" *1JF.(:" 09$"
/%'.D.6.-?9" AG%()9:" -$9" 1.(:" ).*+6%(J/%).(:" 9*'%)%?:" W7?)909:" 22),
(7IGF.()" 7.66I" %(G;/919" 7.(" %7$1GA7.()" 1+)" *&-0G$*+" 1.(:" /%" 9(1I"
1+:"AG%()9:"7.("A-$)%"*1."44=<
=)1?*1.$F9"EGA'+0%"/?9"AG%()9"7.("9Q.GI"1+)"$09).7.?+*+"9*'%)8)"7.("
%R%1I*'+09)"*19"3S"W7?)909:"23).
52
!D45I5:(22: Y1.$F%?9 %G%()8)"$09).7.?+*+:").*+6%(J/%)K)"9*'%)8)"*%"4.*.0./%?9"1K)"='+)8) )6F6I6BCD6 $TC9E9ICOBA46(BM(
ICNE6FI6J9I67(R5N5IL3N5()6F6I6BCD6
.MBKF96(-C49IK()6F6I6BCD6
!59E95LN9IK()6F6I6BCD6
))*
*N92BK:(FOBJ8MNHBA4H4(CNHLMB5L686GDH4
378 108 700 232
@N649I3(JCND6E6:(ANCO45: �%EG.(IG$.:"–=7G?6$.:"MNNN 4.A/EG$.:"MNN�"– S9).(IG$.:"
2004
S9).(IG$.:"– VIG1$.:"
2004
L018EG$.:"– 4.A/EG$.:"
2009
189ID5 35-70 20-70 18-92 (44,1% 20-40)
[786 �T�"I)DG%:5"TO�"-()9?0%: ^N�"I)DG%:5"�N�"-()9?0%: *().D.?"79$D$8) ���"I)DG%:5"���"-()9?0%:
.6B3(I59(JCN9CRKBC46(CNHLMB5L686GDH4
#+/.-G9Q$0I"*1.$F%?95"%?D.:"
).*+6%?9:"09$"TN"E9*$0A:"
%GK1;*%$:
- #$9D$09*?9"%$*9-K-;:
- Y()';0%:"D$9/.);:
- `9'/J:"$09).7.?+*+: 97J"
*?1$*+
- `9'/J:"$09).7.?+*+:"97J"
$91G$0A:5").*+6%(1$0A:"09$"
D$.$0+1$0A:"(7+G%*?%:
- I669
#+/.-G9Q$0I"*1.$F%?9"09$"�"
%)J1+1%:"%GK1;*%K)
- %$0J)9"1.("4.*.0./%?.(
- 9)197J0G$*+"7G.*K7$0.&
- 7G.*.F;"*1+)"7%G?71K*;"
*9:
- *(F);"09$"0919).+1;"
%7$0.$)K)?9
- (7+G%*?%:"FKG?:"6I'+"09$"
*1+)"8G9"1.(:
- %(-%)$0J"09$"A/7$*1."
7G.*K7$0J
- -%)$0;"$09).7.?+*+
�9G901+G$*1$0I"1.("
D%?-/91.:
- 9R$.6J-+*+"(7+G%*$8)"
9)I"091+-.G?9
- D$9D$09*?9"%$*9-K-;:
- E9'/J:"$09).7.?+*+:"
97J"$91G$0A:5").*+6%(1$-
0A:"09$"D$.$0+1$0A:"
(7+G%*?%:
- D$9D$09*?9"%)+/AGK*+:
- 19F&1+19"%R(7+GA1+*+:
- %(-A)%$9"7G.*K7$0.&
#+/.-G9Q$0I"*1.$F%?9"09$"5
%)J1+1%:"%GK1;*%K)
-E9'/J:"$09).7.?+*+:"97J"
$91G$0A:5").*+6%(1$0A:"09$"
D$.$0+1$0A:"(7+G%*?%:
-E9'/J:"$09).7.?+*+:"97J"
6.$7A:"(7+G%*?%:"09$"
(7.D./A:
- Y().6$0J:"E9'/J:"
$09).7.?+*+:
- V?9"9).$01;"%G81+*+"
53
!D45I5:(23: Y1.$F%?9 %G%()8)"$09).7.?+*+:"%R%19*'A)1K)"*19"%RK1%G$0I"$91G%?9"*%"4.*.0./%?9"1K)"='+)8) )6F6I6BCD6 .MBKF96(-C49IK()6F6I6BCD6 ))*
*N92BK:(FOBJ8MNHBA4H4(CNHLMB5L686GDH4(
412 216 -$9"19"%RK1%G$0I"$91G%?9
T^T"-$9"1."$91G%?."%7%$-J)1K)"7%G$*191$08)
@N649I3(JCND6E6:(ANCO45: S.&6$.: 2003 – VIG1$.: 2004 L018EG$.:"– 4.A/EG$.:"MNNO
189ID5 20-70 20-82 (59,2% 20-40)
[786 _T�"I)DG%:5"^O�"-()9?0%: �_�"I)DG%:5"�_�"-()9?0%:
.6B3(I59(JCN9CRKBC46(CNHLMB5L686GDH4
#+/.-G9Q$0I"*1.$F%?9"09$"�"E9*$0A:"%GK1;*%$:
T"9).$01.&"1&7.("%G81+*+
#+/.-G9Q$0I"*1.$F%?9"09$"5 %)J1+1%:"%GK1;*%K)
-D$9D$09*?9"G9)1%E.&
-FGJ).:"9)9/.);:
-E9'/J:"$09).7.?+*+:"97J"$91G$0A:5").*+6%(1$0A:"
09$"D$.$0+1$0A:"(7+G%*?%:
-E9'/J:"$09).7.?+*+:"97J"6.$7A:"(7+G%*?%:"09$"
(7.D./A:
- *().6$0J:"E9'/J:"$09).7.?+*+:
- /?9"9).$01.&"1&7.("%G81+*+"
54
0OGIN9L9IQ(ECE6BA45(G95(46FM8CO2A4LC:(5F2C4CD: [7K:"Q9?)%19$"*1.)"7?)909 24 19"7.*.*1I"$09).7.?+*+:"97J"1$:"$91G$0A:"
(7+G%*?%:" 1.( 44="EG?*0.)19$" /%19R&"9(18)" 1.(" %R%$D$0%(/A).(" 09$" 1.("
#+/J*$.("4.*.0./%?.(<
[/K:".$" D%?01%:" $09).7.?+*+:"97J" 1$:" $91G$0A:" (7+G%*?%:"*1."44=" %?)9$"
7.6&" 0.)1I" *%" 9(1A:" 1.(" 3R%$D$0%(/A).(" 4.*.0./%?.(" 09$" *+/9)1$0I"
(H+6J1%G.$" 9(18)" 1.(" #+/J*$.(" 09$" 1.(" C9$D$91G$0.&" 4.*.0./%?.("
(7?)909:"25).
86,686,677,377,395,195,1'5L54KMFM'5L54KMFM
83,483,4$4E95VAN64$4E95VAN64
88,688,691,891,895,795,7$OGA4C95$OGA4C95
89,489,475,375,385,485,4"EMGDC:"EMGDC: G95G95 LMLM 2CN5JCD52CN5JCD5
81,981,971,371,392,792,7$4MBANHFM$4MBANHFM G95G95 LMLM 4KF64KF6
))*))*.MBKF96.MBKF96)6F6I6BCD6)6F6I6BCD6 **
$TC9E9ICOBA46$TC9E9ICOBA46)6F6I6BCD6)6F6I6BCD6 **
J83NH:J83NH: 3(J687(9I546J69MBA469(5JK(LM4(95LN9I3(VN64LDE5(3(J687(9I546J69MBA469(5JK(LM4(95LN9I3(VN64LDE5((%)(%)
* * !687U6:!687U6: )](I59(FO4(*NRCD5($88M49I3:(&5LN9I3:(;<<b\;;(f_ga;d`)](I59(FO4(*NRCD5($88M49I3:(&5LN9I3:(;<<b\;;(f_ga;d`--;eb(fANCO45(;<<`g;eb(fANCO45(;<<`g
ANCO4C:ANCO4C: 9I546J6DMFM:(46FM8COKBC4H4(5F2C4P4(FC(9I546J6DMFM:(46FM8COKBC4H4(5F2C4P4(FC()6F6I6BCD5(LM:(*LL9I3:)6F6I6BCD5(LM:(*LL9I3:
!D45I5:(24\"C.*.*1I 7.6&"K:"97J6(19"$09).7.$+/A)K)"9*'%)8)"97J"
1+)"$91G$0;"QG.)1?D9"*%"1G?9 4.*.0./%?9"1+:"=11$0;:
55
3,83,8
3,93,93,73,73,73,7
!59E95LN9IK!59E95LN9IK)6F6I6BCD6)6F6I6BCD6
4,54,53,73,7'5L54KMFM'5L54KMFM
4,54,53,83,8$4E95VAN64$4E95VAN64
4,64,64,04,04,64,6$OGA4C95$OGA4C95
4,64,64,04,04,74,7"EMGDC:"EMGDC: G95G95 LMLM 2CN5JCD52CN5JCD5
4,54,54,14,14,64,6$4MBANHFM$4MBANHFM G95G95 LMLM 4KF64KF6
))*))*.MBKF96.MBKF96)6F6I6BCD6)6F6I6BCD6 **
$TC9E9ICOBA46$TC9E9ICOBA46)6F6I6BCD6)6F6I6BCD6 **
95LN9I395LN9I3 VN64LDE5a(ECDILC:(9I546J6DMFM:VN64LDE5a(ECDILC:(9I546J6DMFM:
ANCO4C:ANCO4C: 9I546J6DMFM:(46FM8COKBC4H4(5F2C4P4(FC(9I546J6DMFM:(46FM8COKBC4H4(5F2C4P4(FC()6F6I6BCD5(LM:(*LL9I3:)6F6I6BCD5(LM:(*LL9I3:
* * !687U6:!687U6: )](I59(FO4(*NRCD5($88M49I3:(&5LN9I3:(;<<b\;;(f_ga;d`)](I59(FO4(*NRCD5($88M49I3:(&5LN9I3:(;<<b\;;(f_ga;d`--;eb(fANCO45(;<<`g;eb(fANCO45(;<<`g
** ** !5J5G95446J6786O!5J5G95446J6786O Z](I59(FO4(*NRCD5($88M49I3:(&5LN9I3:(;<<d\;bf=gac_Z](I59(FO4(*NRCD5($88M49I3:(&5LN9I3:(;<<d\;bf=gac_--d;(fANCO45(;<<jgd;(fANCO45(;<<jg
!D45I5:(25\"D%?01%:"$09).7.?+*+:").*+6%(J/%)K)"9*'%)8)"97J"1+)"$91G$0;"QG.)1?D9"*%"1A**%G9 4.*.0./%?9"1+:"=11$0;:<
C9GJ/.$9"%?)9$"09$" 19"%(G;/919"-$9"1+)" $09).7.?+*+"-$9"1$:"79G%FJ/%)%:"
).*+6%(1$0A:"(7+G%*?%:<"P9"7.*.*1I"7.6&"K:"97J6(19" $09).7.$+/A)K)"
9*'%)8)"*1."44="EG?*0.)19$"7.6&"7$."0.)1I"*]"9(1I"1.("3R%$D$0%(/A).("
4.*.0./%?.("09$"096&1%G9"9(18)"*1."#+/J*$."4.*.0./%?. (7?)909:"26).
!"D$9Q.GI"*1.(:"D%?01%:"$09).7.?+*+:"97J"1+)").*+6%(1$0;"QG.)1?D9"*1."
44=" %?)9$" *+/9)1$0I" (H+6J1%G+ 9(18)" 1.(" #+/J*$.(" 4.*.0./%?.( 09$"
79GJ/.$9"9(18)"1.( 3R%$D$0%(/A).( 4.*.0./%?.( (7?)909:"27).
56
66,366,3$4MBANHFM G95(46FM8COL9IA:(JNQTC9:
85,585,568,468,491,991,9$TOJMNALMFM
85,585,575,075,091,691,6'5L54KMFM - JN62OBD5
87,687,684,484,492,792,7$OGA4C95
72,472,494,394,3!CN9J6DMFM-VN64LDE5
))*))*.MBKF96.MBKF96)6F6I6BCD6)6F6I6BCD6 **
$TC9E9ICOBA46$TC9E9ICOBA46)6F6I6BCD6)6F6I6BCD6 **
J83NH:J83NH: 3(J687(9I546J69MBA469(5JK(LM4(46FM8COL9I3(3(J687(9I546J69MBA469(5JK(LM4(46FM8COL9I3(VN64LDE5(fkgVN64LDE5(fkg
* * !687U6:!687U6: )](I59(FO4(*NRCD5($88M49I3:(&5LN9I3:(;<<b\;;(f_ga;d`)](I59(FO4(*NRCD5($88M49I3:(&5LN9I3:(;<<b\;;(f_ga;d`--;eb(fANCO45(;<<`g;eb(fANCO45(;<<`g
ANCO4C:ANCO4C: 9I546J6DMFM:(46FM8COKBC4H4(5F2C4P4(FC(9I546J6DMFM:(46FM8COKBC4H4(5F2C4P4(FC()6F6I6BCD5(LM:(*LL9I3:()6F6I6BCD5(LM:(*LL9I3:(
!D45I5:(26\"C.*.*1I 7.6&""K:"97J6(19"$09).7.$+/A)K)"9*'%)8)"97J"1+)"
).*+6%(1$0;"QG.)1?D9"*%"�"4.*.0./%?9"1+:"=11$0;:
3,43,43,43,43,43,43,43,4
!59E95LN9IK!59E95LN9IK)6F6I6BCD6)6F6I6BCD6
$TOJMNALMFM$TOJMNALMFM
4,54,53,83,84,74,7'5L54KMFM'5L54KMFM -- JN62OBD5JN62OBD5
4,54,53,93,9$OGA4C95$OGA4C95
4,54,53,93,94,64,6!CN9J6DMFM!CN9J6DMFM--VN64LDE5VN64LDE5
))*))*.MBKF96.MBKF96)6F6I6BCD6)6F6I6BCD6**
$TC9E9ICOBA46$TC9E9ICOBA46)6F6I6BCD6)6F6I6BCD6**
* * !687U6:!687U6: )](I59(FO4(*NRCD5($88M49I3:(&5LN9I3:(;<<b\;;(f_ga;d`)](I59(FO4(*NRCD5($88M49I3:(&5LN9I3:(;<<b\;;(f_ga;d`--;eb(fANCO45(;<<`g;eb(fANCO45(;<<`g
** ** !5J5G95446J6786O!5J5G95446J6786O Z](I59(FO4(*NRCD5($88M49I3:(&5LN9I3:(;<<d\;bf=gac_Z](I59(FO4(*NRCD5($88M49I3:(&5LN9I3:(;<<d\;bf=gac_--d;(fANCO45(;<<jgd;(fANCO45(;<<jg
)6FM8COL9I3)6FM8COL9I3 VN64LDE5a(ECDILC:(9I546J6DMFM:VN64LDE5a(ECDILC:(9I546J6DMFM:
ANCO4C:ANCO4C: 9I546J6DMFM:(46FM8COKBC4H4(5F2C4P4(FC(9I546J6DMFM:(46FM8COKBC4H4(5F2C4P4(FC()6F6I6BCD5(LM:(*LL9I3:)6F6I6BCD5(LM:(*LL9I3:
!D45I5:(27\"D%?01%:"$09).7.?+*+:").*+6%(J/%)K)"9*'%)8)"97J"1+)"
).*+6%(1$0;"QG.)1?D9"*%"1A**%G9 4.*.0./%?9"1+:"=11$0;:
57
65,165,173,673,690,190,1'5L54KMFM'5L54KMFM -- JN62OBD5JN62OBD5
66,766,773,773,791,791,7$OGA4C95$OGA4C95
64,264,277,877,889,389,3$TOJMNALMFM$TOJMNALMFM
))*))* (($T$T. . &5LN&5LN.).).MBKF96.MBKF96)6F6I6BCD6)6F6I6BCD6 **
$TC9E9ICOBA46$TC9E9ICOBA46)6F6I6BCD6)6F6I6BCD6 **
J83NH:J83NH: 3(J687(9I546J69MBA469(5JK(L9:(E969IML9IA:(3(J687(9I546J69MBA469(5JK(L9:(E969IML9IA:(OJMNCFDC:(fkgOJMNCFDC:(fkg
* * !687U6:!687U6: )](I59(FO4(*NRCD5($88M49I3:(&5LN9I3:(;<<b\;;(f_ga;d`)](I59(FO4(*NRCD5($88M49I3:(&5LN9I3:(;<<b\;;(f_ga;d`--;eb(fANCO45(;<<`g;eb(fANCO45(;<<`g
71,371,375,275,291,191,1-C49I3-C49I3 C4L7JHFMC4L7JHFM
70,670,688,888,895,495,4'525N9KLML5'525N9KLML5 EHB5LD6OEHB5LD6O
57,357,338,538,585,385,3!69KLML5!69KLML5 V5GML67V5GML67
))*))* ((46FM846FM8)).MBKF96.MBKF96)6F6I6BCD6)6F6I6BCD6 **
$TC9E9ICOBA46$TC9E9ICOBA46)6F6I6BCD6)6F6I6BCD6 **
ANCO4C:ANCO4C: 9I546J6DMFM:(46FM8COKBC4H4(I59(CTCL5F2A4LH4(9I546J6DMFM:(46FM8COKBC4H4(I59(CTCL5F2A4LH4(FL5(CTHLCN9IQ(95LNCD5(5F2C4P4(FC()6F6I6BCD5(LM:(*LL9I3:FL5(CTHLCN9IQ(95LNCD5(5F2C4P4(FC()6F6I6BCD5(LM:(*LL9I3:
!D45I5: 28\"C.*.*1I"7.6&""K:"97J6(19"$09).7.$+/A)K)"9*'%)8)"97J"1$:"D$.$0+1$0A:"09$"6.$7A:"(7+G%*?%:"*%"1G?9 4.*.0./%?9"1+:"=11$0;:. Y1+)""AG%()9"1.("44="D%)"(7;GF%"%G81+*+"*1.(: ).*+6%('A)1%:"-$9"1+)"$09).7.?+*+"1.(:"97J"1$:"D$.$0+1$0A:"(7+G%*?%:5"966I"(7;GF%"*F%1$0;"
%G81+*+"/J)."-$9"1.(:"%R%19*'A)1%:"*19"%RK1%G$0I"$91G%?9<
Y1.)" 7?)909" 28 Q9?).)19$" 19" *(-0G$1$0I" 97.1%6A*/919" 1K)" 7.*.*18)"
7.6&"K:"76;GK:"$09).7.$+/A)K)"9*'%)8)"97J"1$:"D$.$0+1$0A:"(7+G%*?%:"
1K)" 1G$8)"4.*.0./%?K)" 1+:"=11$0;:<"Y1. 44="(7;GF9) *1.$F%?9" -$9" 1+)
9R$.6J-+*+" 1K)"D$.$0+1$08)"(7+G%*$8)"/J).)"-$9" 1.(:"%R%19*'A)1%:"*19"
3S" 09$" JF$" -$9" 1.(:" ).*+6%('A)1%:" 9*'%)%?:< CI)1K:" 19" 7.*.*1I"
$09).7.?+*+:"97J"1$:"D$.$0+1$0A:"(7+G%*?%:5"A*1K"-$9"/+"9)I6.-."D%?-/95"
%?)9$"7.6&"F9/+6J1%G9"97J"9(1I"09$"1K)"D&."I66K)"4.*.0./%?K)<
58
�D$9" %(G;/919" D%?F).()" 09$" 19" 7.*.*1I" $09).7.?+*+:" 97J" 1+)"
09'9G$J1+19"09$" 1+)"-%)$0;"%$0J)9"1.("4.*.0./%?.(<"P."44="Q9?)%19$")9"
(7.6%?7%19$"*+/9)1$0I"A)9)1$"1K)"D&."I66K)"4.*.0./%?K)<
=)1?'%19" +" 7.$J1+19" 1.(" Q9-+1.&" -$9" 1.(:" 9*'%)%?:" 9R$.6.-;'+0%" K:"
096&1%G+"9(1;:"1.( #+/J*$.( 4.*.0./%?.(5"966I"(7.6%?7%19$"9(1;:"1.("
3R%$D$0%(/A).("4.*.0./%?.(<
0OGIN9L9IQ(ECE6BA45(G95(L5($& L$"*1JF.$"09$"19"%GK1+/91.6J-$9"*1+)"D$9'A*$/+"AG%()9"-$9"1+)"6%$1.(G-?9"
1K)"3S"*%"A)9"#+/J*$."4.*.0./%?.";19)"D$9Q.G%1$0.?"9(18)"1.("44="09$"
K:" %0" 1.&1.(" D%)" (7IGF.()" 7.66I" *1.$F%?9" *&-0G$*+:<" Y(-0G?'+09)" 19"
D$9'A*$/9" %(G;/919" 9R$.6J-+*+:" 1.(:" $D?.(:" /;)%:" 1+:" AG%()9:"
WL018EG$.:-4.A/EG$.:X"09$"19"%(G;/919"Q9?).)19$"*1.)"7?)909"MO<
P9"7.*.*1I"7.6&"K:"97J6(19"$09).7.$+/A)K)"9*'%)8)"1.("44=";19)\"
-/%-96&1%G9"-$9"1+)"$91G$0;"QG.)1?D9"W�_5O"A)9)1$"�N5_�X
-/$0GJ1%G9"-$9"1+").*+6%(1$0;"QG.)1?D9"W��5�"A)9)1$"O_�X
-/$0GJ1%G9"-$9"1."D$.$0+1$0J"7G.*K7$0J"W�T5O"A)9)1$"�^5_�X<
L" /A*.:" JG.:" %1;*$9:" *().6$0;:" $09).7.?+*+:" W7.6&" K:" 76;GK:X" *1."
#+/J*$."4.*.0./%?." ;19)" �^�5" /%" D$90&/9)*+" *1.(:" /;)%:" %)J:" A1.(:"
97J" _��" L018EG$.-4.A/EG$." AK:" TNN�" 1.)" S.&6$.<" !" /A*+" 1$/;" 1.("
D%?01+" *().6$0;:" $09).7.?+*+:" *1." 44=" 1.(:" /;)%:" L018EG$." 09$"
4.A/EG$."WJF$"1."�"7.*.*1JX";19)"��5T"/%"D$90&/9)*+"97J"^N-92.
Y1."*(-0%0G$/A).")%J1%(01."#+/J*$."4.*.0./%?."+"$09).7.?+*+"97J"1+)"
09'9G$J1+19";19)"97J6(1+"WTNN�X5"%)8"-$9"1."44="��5O�
59
P." /A*." 7.*.*1J" 09'(*1AG+*+:" -$9" %RA19*+" *19" 3S" %)J:" #+/J*$.("
4.*.0./%?.("9Q.G.&*%" 1."�T�"1K)"7G.-G9//91$*/A)K)"G9)1%E.&5" %)8"
1."9)1?*1.$F."7.*.*1J"*1."44=";19)"/J)."MN5^�<
71,9%71,9%74,5%74,5%.969IML9IK JN6FHJ9IK
83,7%83,7%95%95%)6FM8COL9IK JN6FHJ9IK
85,9%85,9%80,5%80,5%&5LN9IK JN6FHJ9IK
67,9%67,9%100%100%'525N9KLML5
ECDILM:ECDILM:71,171,184%84%0O4689I3 9I546J6DMFM
))*))*.MBKF96.MBKF96)6F6I6BCD6)6F6I6BCD6 **
J83NH:J83NH: 3(J687(9I546J69MBA469(5JK(L5($&3(J687(9I546J69MBA469(5JK(L5($&
* * !687U6:!687U6: )](I59(FO4(*NRCD5($88M49I3:(&5LN9I3:(;<<b\;;(f_ga;d`)](I59(FO4(*NRCD5($88M49I3:(&5LN9I3:(;<<b\;;(f_ga;d`--;eb(fANCO45(;<<`g;eb(fANCO45(;<<`g
ANCO4C:ANCO4C: 9I546J6DMFM:(CTCL5F2A4LH4(FL5($&(FC(9I546J6DMFM:(CTCL5F2A4LH4(FL5($&(FC()6F6I6BCD5(LM:(*LL9I3:()6F6I6BCD5(LM:(*LL9I3:(
20,4%20,4%71%71%'52OFLANMFM CTAL5FM:
!D45I5: 29\"C.*.*1I"7.6&""K:"97J6(19"$09).7.$+/A)K)"9*'%)8)"97J"19"3S"%)J:"#+/J*$.("4.*.0./%?.("09$"1.("44="1.(:"/;)%:"L018EG$."09$"
4.A/EG$.<
0OGIN9L9IQ(ECE6BA45(G95(L5($& Y+/%$8)%19$" J1$" D%)" EGA'+0%" *1+" E$E6$.-G9Q?9" /%6A1+" $09).7.?+*+:" 97J"
19"P/;/919"37%$-J)1K)"7%G$*191$08)"8*1%")9"*(-0G$'.&)"/%"19"%(G;/919"
1+:"/%6A1+:"1.("44=<
L$" *+/9)1$0J1%G.$" 79GI-.)1%:" 7.(" '%KG.&)19$" 09'.G$*1$0.?" -$9" )9"
%R+-;*.()"-$91?"1."%7?7%D. $09).7.?+*+:"1K)"9*'%)8)"%?)9$"7.6&"(H+6J"
60
97J 1." %R%$D$0%(/A)." /+" 0%GD.*0.7$0.&" F9G901;G9" 4.*.0./%?.5" J7K:"
%?)9$"1."b)I*%$."a9GD$.F%$G.(G-$0J"aA)1G. 7.("6%$1.(G-%?"K:"4CS#5"%?)9$:
9<"�%$1.(G-%?"/%"$D$K1$0..$0.)./$0I"0G$1;G$9"FKG?:"1.(:"7%G$.G$*/.&:"1.("
D+/.*?.(" 6.-$*1$0.&" -$9" %R.76$*/J" 09$" 6%$1.(G-$0A:" D97I)%:. Z1*$" 7<F<5"
%7$6A-%$"A)9"D$%')8:"7$*1.7.$+/A)."*()%G-%?."09'9G$*/.&"/%"%R%$D?0%(*+"
*1+)"09'9G$J1+19").*.0./%?K)"9)%RIG1+19"9)"1."0J*1.:"%?)9$"(H+6J5"*%"
*FA*+"/%"19"*()%G-%?9"7.("FG+*$/.7.$.&)"19"#+/J*$9"4.*.0./%?9"09$"1."
44=.
E<" ZF%$" 09).)$*/J" 6%$1.(G-?9:" *&/QK)." /%" D$%')%?:" 7G.D$9-G9QA:" /+"
%R9G18/%)." 97J" 09).)$*/.&:" 09$" 7%G$.G$*/.&:" 7.(" $*F&.)" *1." 3Y," ;"
*1$:"Z).76%:"#()I/%$:<
-<" 37$6A-%$" 1." $91G$0J5" ).*+6%(1$0J" 09$" D$.$0+1$0J" 7G.*K7$0J" /%" EI*+"
(H+6.&"E9'/.&"0G$1;G$9"09$"D$9D$09*?%:"9R$.6J-+*+:"%01J:"=Y3C<
D<" P." 7G.*K7$0J" D%)" %?)9$" /J)$/.5" %?)9$" %7$6%-/A)." 09$" %6%-FJ/%)." 09$"
(7IGF%$" +" D()91J1+19" 97./I0G()*+:" 1K)" /+" 9)197.0G$)J/%)K)" *1$:"
7G.D$9-G9QA:"09$"1.(:"09)J)%:"6%$1.(G-?9:"1.("4.*.0./%?.(<
%<"=7J" $DG&*%K:" 1.(" %Q9G/JU%$"7G.-G9//91$*/A)."7%G$.D$0J" A6%-F."09$"
D$9F%?G$*+" 7.$J1+19:" 09$" AF%$" *1.F%(/A)9" %079$D%(1$0I" 7G.-GI//919"
%7$0.$)K)?9:"09$"*(/7%G$Q.GI:"-$9"J6."1."7G.*K7$0J<
P9" F9G901+G$*1$0I" 9(1I" D$09$.6.-.&)" 97J6(19" 1." /%-96&1%G9" 7.*.*1I"
$09).7.?+*+:"1K)"9*'%)8)5"97J"9(1I"1.("44="*1.".7.?."D%)"$*F&.()"19"
79G97I)K"F9G901+G$*1$0I<"
37$76A.)5" 90J/+" 09$" *19" #+/J*$9" 4.*.0./%?9" (7IGF.()" /%G$0I"
6%$1.(G-$0I"76%.)%01;/919"A)9)1$"1.("44=<"Z1*$"7<F<5"1."7G.*K7$0J"%?)9$"
/J)$/."/% *(-0%0G$/A)+"%G-9*$90;"'A*+"*1."4.*.0./%?.5"*(F)I"-$9"J6."
1.)" %G-9*$90J" E?.5" 8*1%" )9" 97.D?D%$" 096&1%G9 6J-K" %/7%$G?9:5" %)8" 1."
7G.*K7$0J" 1.(" 44=" /%190$)%?19$" 09$" /%191?'%19$<" =0J/+" 09$" +"
D$9'%*$/J1+19"/J)$/.("*()%G-%?.("09'9G$*/.&"97.1%6%?"A)9"76%.)A01+/9"
-$9"1."#+/J*$."4.*.0./%?.<
61
*)*#+01(,?)(*!",$#$0%*,?)(- 0+%!$>*0%*,* L"1&7.:"09$"+"/%'.D.6.-?9"1+:"AG%()9:"*1."44="%?)9$"(H+6.&"%7$7AD.(5"
966I" %?F%" .G$*/A)9" /%'.D.6.-$0I" 7G.E6;/919" 7.(" D%)" %7A1G%H9)" 1+)"
76;G+"9R$.6J-+*+"97JD.*+:"1K)"06$)$08)5"1K)"%RK1%G$08)"$91G%?K)"9)I"
%$D$0J1+19" 09$" 1+:" 0I'%" ).*+6%(1$0;:"71AG(-9:" FKG$*1I" W/$0GJ:" 9G$'/J:"
D%?-/91.:"09$"/+"7G.*D$.G$*1A9"9)197J0G$*+"1K)"D$09$.&FK)"7.("A69E9)"
19"%GK1+/91.6J-$9, 966I"D%)"19"AG$R9)"*1+)"0I67+X<
3)"1.&1.$:"19"97.1%6A*/919"1+:"AG%()9:"%7$1GA7.()"-$9"7G81+"Q.GI"1+)"
9*Q96;"7.$.1$0;"%01?/+*+"1K)"79G%FJ/%)K)"(7+G%*$8)"97J"1."44="09$"
1+)" *&-0G$*+" .G$*/A)K)" D%$018)" /%" 9(1.&:" I66K)" 4.*.0./%?K)" 1+:"
=11$0;:<
P9"97.1%6A*/919"1+:"AG%()9:"%6A-F.("1+:"7.$J1+19:"1K)"(7+G%*$8)"1.("
44=".D+-.&)"*19"79G90I1K"*+/9)1$0I"*(/7%GI*/919.
9. 69( ECDILC:( 9I546J6DMFM:( 5JK( L9:( 95LN9IA:( I59( 46FM8COL9IA:(OJMNCFDC:(CD459(J687(OWM86D(I59(FOGIN9L9IQ(BCG587LCN69(5OLP4(C4K: .MBKF96O( )6F6I6BCD6O( I59( OJ68CDJ64L59( C8QR9FL5( 5OLP4( C4K: CTC9E9ICOBA46O( )6F6I6BCD6O 7.(" AF%$" %7$6%-/A)." 09$" %R%$D$0%(/A)."
$91G$0J" 09$" ).*+6%(1$0J" 7G.*K7$0J<" P9" 7.*.*1I" 7.6&" K:" 97J6(19"
$09).7.$+/A)K)" 9*'%)8)" 97J" J6%:" 1$:" 79G9/A1G.(:" $91G$0;:" 09$"
).*+6%(1$0;:"QG.)1?D9:"%?)9$"7.6&"(H+6I"-$9"1.(:").*+6%('A)1%:"09$"1.(:"
9*'%)%?:"7.("%R%1I*'+09)"*19"3S<
E<" 2%)$0I" FC( K8C:( L9:( J5N5BALN6O:( 5T968KGMFM:( 69( 46FM8CO2A4LC:(5F2C4CD:(3L54(JCN9FFKLCN6(9I546J69MBA469X(FC(FRAFM(BC(5OL67:(J6O(CTCLQF2MI54(FL5($&(I59(FL6(&$!. !"D$97?*1K*+"9(1;"7GA7%$")9"'%KG+'%?"
9)9/%)J/%)+"09$"?*K:"%?)9$"7$."G%96$*1$0;5"%7%$D;"Q9?)%19$")9"*F%1?U%19$"/%"
1+) /%-96&1%G+" +6$0?9" 1K)" 9*'%)8)" 9(18) 09$" 1+)" /%-96&1%G+" %/7%$G?9"
97J" 1+)" 79G91%19/A)+" 79G9/.);" *1." 4.*.0./%?.5" 9Q.&" .$" )%J1%G.$"
62
9*'%)%?:"%?)9$"7$."9(*1+G.?"*1+)"0G$1$0;"09$"AF.()"6$-J1%G%:"%/7%$G?%:"97J"
1$:"(7+G%*?%:"(-%?9:.
-<" !CNDJ6O( 69( B9F6D( 5F2C4CD:( JCNDBC454( FO4689IQ( I587LCNC:( L9:(OJMNCFDC:( J6O( J5NARC9( L6( ))*<" a9$" *1+)" 79GI/%1G." 9(1;" .$").*+6%('A)1%:5" K:" 7$." $09).7.$+/A).$5 7%G?/%)9)" 7$." I*F+/%:"
79G%FJ/%)%:"(7+G%*?%:.
D<" !" FO4689I3( 9I546J6DMFM( LH4( 5F2C4P4( 5JK( L6( ))* CD459(9I546J69ML9I3X(588Q EC4(CD459( 9E95DLCN5(OWM83 KJH:(M( 9I546J6DMFM(5JK( L9:( 95LN646FM8COL9IA:( OJMNCFDC:. Y(-0G$/A)9" 1." /A*." score
*().6$0;:"$09).7.?+*+:";19) ^O5T"/%"(H+6J1%G."1."_�"09$"F9/+6J1%G. 1."
12. �9?)%19$" J1$" *1+" D$9/JGQK*+" 9(1;:" 1+:" %$0J)9:" *(//%1AF.()" I66.$
79GI-.)1%:"76+)"1K)"$91G.).*+6%(1$08)"(7+G%*$8)"09$"*(-0%0G$/A)9".$"
D%?01%:" $09).7.?+*+:" 97J" 1$:" 6.$7A: (7+G%*?%: 09$, 0(G?K:, 97J" 1$:"
(7.D./A:"1.("4.*.0./%?.("-%)$08:<"Y+/%$8)%19$"7<F<"J1$"1+)"7%G?.D."1+:"
AG%()9:" ;19)" 9)9/%)J/%)+" +" /%$K/A)+" $09).7.?+*+" 97J" 1$:" (7.D./A:"
9Q.&" .$" 9)%60(*1;G%:" 0.$).&" ;19)" *();'K:" %01J:" 6%$1.(G-?9:" 7G$)"
9)1$0919*19'.&)" 9G-J1%G9<" CGI-/91$" +" *().6$0;" $09).7.?+*+" 97J 1."
7G.*K7$0J" 1.("44="%?)9$" 096&1%G+"9(1;:"97J" 1$:" 6.$7A: (7+G%*?%: 09$"
1$:"(7.D./A:.
%<" P." TT5��" 1.(" *()J6.(" 1K)" %GK1+'A)1K)" 7%G$A-G9H%" $D$.F%?GK:
79G91+G;*%$:5" *FJ6$95" %66%?H%$:, 9)%7IG0%$%:, *(*1I*%$:" 09$" 7G.1I*%$:5"
L6(bX=k(COBC43(FRK895(G95(L6())*(I59(BK46(L6(=Xbk(EOFBC43(FRK895.
*1<"!"9)I6(*+"1+:"$09).7.?+*+:"97J"1$:"6.$7A:"(7+G%*?%:"AD%$R%"R5BM83(9I546J6DMFM( FLM4( J69KLML5( L6O( V5GML67, 7.(" %?)9$" /%)" /%-96&1%G+"9(1;:" %)J:" #+/J*$.(" 4.*.0./%?.(5" 966I" *+/9)1$0I" F9/+6J1%G+" 9(1;:"
63
%)J:" %R%$D$0%(/A).(" ).*.0./%?.(<" 0RCL9IQ( R5BM83( CD459( 9I546J6DMFM(5JK(L9:(J5N5BALN6O:(I525N9KLML5:(L6O())*5"+".7.?9"%?)9$"*+/9)1$0I"F9/+6J1%G+" 1K)" I66K)" 4.*.0./%?K)<" =)1?'%19" +" 9I546J6DMFM( 3L54(OWM83( 5JK( LM4( FOBJCN9V6NQ( LH4( CNG5U6BA4H4( FLM4( E9546B3(V5GML67(I59(FLM4( (I525N9KLML5]($JDFM:(OWM83(3L54(M(9I546J6DMFM(5JK(L6(GN5VCD6(ID4MFM:(5F2C4P4.
U<" L$" 0&G$%:" D$97$*18*%$:" 97J" 1+)" 6%$1.(G-?9" 1K)" %RK1%G$08)" $91G%?K)"
*().H?U.)19$"K:"%R;:\
(1) 69( JCN9FFKLCN69( 5F2C4CD:( I8D46O4( N54LCS67( LM8CVH49IQ, I5LQ(BAF6( KN6( ;j( MBANC:( JN945" 966I" /%" /%-I6%:" D$90(/I)*%$:" 1.(" FGJ).("9)9/.);: -$9"%RA19*+<"P."7GJE6+/9"091A-G9H%"$D$.F%?GK:"K:"*+/9)1$0J"
09$"1."M�"1.("*()J6.("1K)"%GK1+'A)1K).
(2) M( J8C964KLML5( LH4( 5F2C4P4( CJA8CTC L6( G95LNK 7.(" '9" 1.(:"
%R%1I*%$
(3) M(J8C964KLML5(LH4(5F2C4P4(CTCLQUCL59(FL6(RN649IQ(I526N9F2A4(N54LCS675"966I"L6(;<X`k(CTCLQF2MIC(I5LQ(BAF6(KN6(BC(I52OFLANMFM(BD5: PN5: I59(BK46(L6(`<k(5JK(5OL67:(C4MBCNP2MIC -$9"1+)"9$1?9"1+:"09'(*1AG+*+:" 9(1;:< P." 7.*.*1J" 9(1J" %?)9$" 7.6&" /$0GJ1%G." 1.("
9)1?*1.$F.("7.("EGA'+0%"-$9"A)9"#+/J*$."4.*.0./%?.<
(4) Y+/9)1$0J"%&G+/9"1+:"AG%()9:"7.("%7$E%E9?K*%"1+)"7G.�7IGF.(*9"
%)1&7K*+"%?)9$"J1$"J6886D 5F2C4CD: CTCLQU64L59(FL5($&(RHND:(N54LCS67(W0(G?K:" A)*1.6.$X" W1." M�5M�" 1.("D%?-/91.:" 1+:" AG%()9:X5" /%" /A*." FGJ)."
9)9/.);:"-$9"1+)"%RA19*+"^�5_ 6%71I"09$"/%-I6+"*19'%G;"97J06$*+<
W_X" L" /A*.:" FGJ).:" 9)9/.);:" -$9" A01901+" %RA19*+" *19" 3S" /%1I"
79G97./7;"97J"1." S3C"%?)9$"7%G?7.("/?9"8G95"966I 1."7.*.*1J"9(18)"
1K)"9*'%)8)"%?)9$"/$0GJ<
W�X"L"S52BK:( 9I546J6DMFM:( LH4(5F2C4P4(5JK( L6(JN6FHJ9IK( LH4(E969IML9IP4( OJMNCF9P4( LH4( $&( fGN5VCD6( N54LCS67X( GN5BB5LCD5X(
64
86G9FL3N96g( CD459( FRCL9IQ( 9I546J69ML9IK: (7.6&" K:" 76;GK:" 7%G?" 1."
70%)5"966I"BQ8864(BALN96:(5JK(L9:(869JA:(OJMNCFDC:(I59(OJ6E6BA:. P9" %(G;/919" 97J" 1+)" AG%()9" *%" A)9" #+/J*$." 4.*.0./%?." ;19)" *F%1$0I"
096&1%G9<
(7) 1(FO4689I3(9I546J6DMFM(LH4(CTCL5UKBC4H4(FL5($&(CD459(BQ8864(BALN95 W/A*."score 71,1 /%"%6IF$*1."1."^N"09$"/A-$*1."1."OMX<"1(FO4689I3(9I546J6DMFM( CT5NLQL59( FMB54L9IQ( 5JK( LM4( I52OFLANMFM( G95( LM4(CTAL5FM( FC( FRAFM( BC( LM4( JN6GN5BB5L9FBA4M( PN5( L6O( N54LCS67 f588Q(KR9(5JK(L64(RNK46(I52OFLANMFM:g. (8) =)"09$"."S52BK:(9I546J6DMFM:(FC(6N9FBA45($&(CD459(J687(OWM8K:X(FL5( JCN9FFKLCN5( IOB5D4CL59( FC( 9I546J69ML9IQ( CJDJCE5 W7.6&" K:"
76;GK:"$09).7.$+/A).$"����X<
+<" L$" 0&G$%:" D$97$*18*%$:" 97J" 1+)" 6%$1.(G-?9" 1.(" S3C" *().H?U.)19$" K:"
%R;:\
(1) "9( CTCL5F2A4LC:( FL6( &$!( FC( K8C:( L9:( J5N5BALN6O:( CD459(FMB54L9IQ( ( 69( 89GKLCN6( 9I546J69MBA469( 5F2C4CD:( 5JK( K86O:( L6O:(RN3FLC:( LH4( OJMNCF9P4( L6O( ))*. =(1J" 9Q.GI" 1J*." 1$:"
$91G.).*+6%(1$0A:" (7+G%*?%:" J*." 09$" 1$:" 6.$7A:" (7+G%*?%:5" 1+"
09'9G$J1+195" 1$:" (7.D./A:5" 1+)" %)+/AGK*+ 09$" 1+)" /A*+" 1$/;"
$09).7.?+*+:<"
(2) "( S52BK:( 9I546J6DMFM:( LH4( 5F2C4P4( FL6( &$!( CT5NLQL59(FMB54L9IQ( 5JK L64( RNK46( 545B643:( G95( CTAL5FM5" D+69D;" 7G901$0I"97J" 1.)" 9G$'/J" 1K)" 9*'%)8)"7.(" ;D+"7%G$/A).()" 091I" 1+)" IQ$R+" %)J:"
)A.("9*'%).&:<"
W�X"C9GJ6."7.("CD459(BQ8864(I58K(L6(CJDJCE6(9I546J6DMFM:(5JK(LM4(CJD8OFM( L6O( 95LN9I67( JN6S83B5L6:( 7.(" .D;-+*%" 1.(:" 9*'%)%?: *1."S3C 6(BAF6:(RNK46:(J5N5B643:(BARN9(LM4(CTAL5FM(CD459(JCNDJ6O(BD5(
65
PN55"%)8"6(BAF6:(RNK46:(G95(LM4(LC89I3(5JKV5FM(L6O(RC9N9FB67(LH4(5F2C4P4(CD459(JCNDJ6O(LNC9:(PNC:.
*)*#+01(– 0@"#&*01(- 0+%!$>*0%*,* L" E9'/J:" $09).7.?+*+:" 1K)" 9*'%)8)" 97J" 1$:" $91G.).*+6%(1$0A:"
(7+G%*?%:" 1.(" 44=" %?)9$" (H+6J:" 09$" 096&1%G.:" 97J" A)9" #+/J*$."
4.*.0./%?. /%"1.".7.?."A-$)%"*&-0G$*+<"P."-%-.)J:"J1$".$"9*'%)%?:"%?)9$"
7%G$**J1%G."$09).7.$+/A).$"97J"9(1A:"1$:"(7+G%*?%:"%)J:"3R%$D$0%(/A).("
4.*.0./%?.("7.("6%$1.(G-%?"K:"4CS#5"(7.D+68)%$"J1$"1."%7?7%D."9(18)"
1K)" (7+G%*$8)" *1." 44=" /7.G%?" )9" E%61$K'%?" 7%G$**J1%G. /%"
79G%/EI*%$:"*%"'A/919"%7$0.$)K)?9:"7G.*K7$0.&-9*'%)8)-*(--%)8)"09$"
*19'%G;:"*1%6AFK*+:"06$)$08)5"%G-9*1+G?K)"09$").*+6%(1$08)"71%G&-K).
L" E9'/J:" $09).7.?+*+:" 97J" 19" 3S" %?)9$" /I66.)" $09).7.$+1$0J:5" 966I"
7GA7%$")9"E%61$K'%?"*%"1G%$:"79G9/A1G.(:\"
9<"Y1.)"FGJ)."9)9/.);:"-$9"G9)1%E.&5"7.("*%"/%G$0I"3S"%?)9$"7GI-/91$"
/%-I6.:5" $D?K:" J19)" .$" 9*'%)%?:" %7$6A-.()" *(-0%0G$/A)." -$91GJ" /%-I6+:"
U;1+*+:"
E<" Y1+)" *(/7%G$Q.GI" 09$" 1+)" 9)1$/%187$*+" 1K)" 9*'%)8)" 97J" 1."
7G.*K7$0J" 1K)" D$.$0+1$08)" (7+G%*$8)" W-G9Q%?9" G9)1%E.&5" -G9//91%?9"
09$"6.-$*1;G$."3SX"
-<" 1.)" .G'.6.-$0J1%G." FG.).6.-$0J" 09'.G$*/J" 1K)" G9)1%E.&" *19" 3S5"
8*1%" )9" 1+G%?19$" 1." KGIG$." 1K)" G9)1%E.&5" 966I" 19(1JFG.)9" )9"
%R(7+G%1.&)19$ FG.)$0I"*()1./J1%G9".$"7.66.?"9*'%)%?:"7.("AGF.)19$")9"
%R%19*'.&)" FKG?: G9)1%E.&, J7K:" .$" A)*1.6.$" 09$" .$" 79G97%/7J/%).$"
97J"1."S3C
Z)9"*+/9)1$0J"%&G+/9"1+:"AG%()9:5"7.("979$1%?"E%61$K1$0A:"79G%/EI*%$:5""
%?)9$" ." *+/9)1$0I" F9/+6J1%G.:" E9'/J:" $09).7.?+*+:" 1K)" 9*'%)8)" *%"
66
J6%:" 1$:" 79G9/A1G.(:" 6%$1.(G-?9:" 1.(" S3C" *%" *FA*+" /%" 1.(:"
).*+6%(J/%).(:" 09$" 1.(:" %R%19UJ/%).(:" *19" 3S5" 90J/+" 09$" 97J" 1."
$91G.).*+6%(1$0J" 7G.*K7$0J" 97J" 1." .7.?." .$" 6.$7A:" ./ID%:" 1K)"
9*'%)8)"%?)9$"7.6&"$09).7.$+/A)%:.
301$/I19$" J1$" .$" 0(G$J1%G.$" 79GI-.)1%:" 7.(" *(//%1AF.()" *1+)" /%$K/A)+"
$09).7.?+*+"1K)"9*'%)8)"*1."S3C"%?)9$".$"79G90I1K\
9<" !" $D$9$1%GJ1+19" 1+:" 9)I-0+:" 1K)" 9*'%)8)" -$9" A01901+-%7%?-.(*9"
I/%*+"%RA19*+.
E<" !" /$0G;" +6$0?9" 1K)" 7%G$**J1%GK)" 9*'%)8)" 7.(" *(//%1%?F9)" *1+)"
AG%()9"W/$0GJ1%G+"%/7%$G?95"/%-96&1%G%:"979$1;*%$:X<
-<"!"/$0G;"A019*+"09$"FG+*1$0;"9091966+6J1+19"1K)"F8GK)"1.("S3C<
D<" !" *1%6AFK*+" 1.(" S3C" 97J" /+" /J)$/+:" 979*FJ6+*+:" $91G$0J"
7G.*K7$0.&" 091I66+6+:" %079?D%(*+:" /%" 97.1A6%*/9" 1+)" *(F);"
D$%)AG-%$9" 7.668)5" *(F)I" I*0.7K)" -$9" A)9" %$D$0J D$9-)K*1$08)"
%R%1I*%K).
%<"!"09'(*1AG+*+"6;H+:"$91G$08)"97.QI*%K)"6J-K"09'(*1AG+*+:"97J"
1+)" 9)9/.);" 1K)" 97.1%6%*/I1K)" 1K)" 79G906$)$08)" %R%1I*%K)" 7.("
979$1.&)19$.
*1<" !" A66%$H+" %7$0.$)K)?9:-%)+/AGK*+:" 1K)" 9)9/%)J)1K)" 9*'%)8)" /%"
1."7G.*K7$0J"1.("S3C"-$9"1+)"9$1?9"1+:"09'(*1AG+*+:"-$9"1+)"%RA19*+<
U<"!"7.$.1$0;"9091966+6J1+19"09$" .$"*()%F%?:"9669-A:" 1.("7G.*K7$0.&"
-G9//91%?9:-6.-$*1+G?.( 1.("S3C.
+<" !" 091IFG+*+" 1+:" FG;*+:" *1." S3C" 7.(" 9(RI)%$" 1.)" 9G$'/J" 1K)"
9)9/%)J)1K)"7G.:" %RA19*+" W/%-I6.:"9G$'/J:"9*'%)8)"/%"/+"*+/9)1$0I"
7G.E6;/919"7GK1.EI'/$9:"7%G?'96H+:"J6."1."M^KG.X.
'<"!"/+"*()%F;:"79G.(*?9"09'9G$*1;.
3?)9$" 7G.Q9)A:" J1$" 979$1.&)19$" .(*$9*1$0A:" %7%/EI*%$:" *%" 'A/919"
(7.D./8)5"7G.*K7$0.&"09$"D$9D$09*$8), 8*1%")9"9(R+'%?"+"$09).7.?+*+"
1K)"9*'%)8)"7.("7G.*AGF.)19$"*1."S3C<
67
!"*F%1$0I" /A1G$9" $09).7.?+*+" 1K)" 9*'%)8)" 97J" 1$:" (7.D./A:" 1.("44="
1+)"*(-0%0G$/A)+"7%G?.D."1+:"AG%()9: /7.G%?")9"%?)9$"D$09$.6.-+/A)+5 *%"
A)9"E9'/J, 6J-K"1.("0.G%*/.&"1.("01$G$90.&"*(-0G.1;/91.:"1.("44="09$"
1.(:" %7? /90GJ)" %01J:" 6%$1.(G-?9:" 9)%60(*1;G%:" 0.$).&" 1+)" 7%G?.D."
%0%?)+5" 966I" 7GA7%$" )9" 6+Q'%?" (7JH+" +" -)8/+" 1K)" D$09$.&FK)" -$9"
%)AG-%$%:" E%61?K*+: 1+:"%$0J)9:"7.("1.(:"D+/$.(G-%?"1."44=<
=)"09$"+"$09).7.?+*+"1K)").*+6%(J/%)K)"9*'%)8)"%?)9$"096&1%G+"9(1;:"
%)J:" #+/J*$.(" 4.*.0./%?.(" 97J" 1+)" 7.$J1+19" 1.(" Q9-+1.&5" 7GA7%$" )9"
-?).()"E%61$K1$0A:"0$);*%$:<
P9" 7.*.*1I" $09).7.?+*+:" 97J" 1+)" *(/7%G$Q.GI" 1.(" 7G.*K7$0.&"
D$.$0+1$08)-(7.*1+G$01$08)" (7+G%*$8)5" J7K:" .$" 1G97%U.0J/.$" ;" .$"
09'9G$*1A:"%?)9$"$09).7.$+1$0I5"966I (7IGF.()"7%G$'8G$9"E%61?K*;:"1+:<
!"$09).7.?+*+"1K)"9*'%)8)"97J"1+)"09'9G$J1+19"1.("44="%?)9$"*F%1$0I"
F9/+6;5"90J/+"09$"97J"1."#+/J*$."4.*.0./%?."7.("%G%();'+0%<"L$"0&G$%:"
9$1?%:"9(1;:"1+:"091I*19*+:"%?)9$"+"97J"1G$%1?9:"/+"97JD.*+"1.("*F%1$0.&"
D$9-K)$*/.&5" +" FG+*$/.7.?+*+" /+" 7$*1.7.$+/A).(" *()%G-%?.(" -$9"
09'9G$*/J" 4.*.0./%?K)" 09$" .$" F9/+6.?" D$9'A*$/.$" 7JG.$" -$9" 1+)"
09'9G$J1+19"1.("44=. CGA7%$"J/K:")9"*+/%$K'%?"+"9(R+/A)+"9*()A7%$9"
FG+*18)" 09$" %7$*0%718)" 1.(" 44=" *1+)" 1;G+*+" 1K)" 09)J)K)"
09'9G$J1+19:"1K)"F8GK)"09$"1+:"FG;*+:"1K)"F8GK)"(-$%$);:<
301$/I19$"J1$, J7K:"7G.0&71%$"97J"1+)"AG%()9"9(1;5"+"-%)$0;"%$0J)9"1.("
44=" D%)" %?)9$" +" %7$'(/+1;" 97J" J6.(:" @IG$*1+»5" 966I" ." E9'/J:"
$09).7.?+*+:" 1K)" 9*'%)8)" 97J" 1$:" (7+G%*?%:" 7.(" 7G.*QAG%$" 1." 44=5"
97J" 1."7G.*K7$0J"09$"97J" 1$:"(7.D./A:" 1.(, D%)"D$09$.6.-.&)" 19"091I"
68
09$G.&:" 0(06.Q.G.&)19" D(*/%);5" 09$" JF$" *7I)$9" 979R$K1$0I5" *FJ6$9" -$9"
1."4.*.0./%?.5"19".7.?9"/I66.)"7GA7%$")9"97.D.'.&)"*1$:"$D$9$1%GJ1+1%:"
1K)"%0QG9*18)"1.(:
P."44="K:"4.*.0./%?."AF%$"D()9/$0;"6%$1.(G-?95"+"7.$J1+19"1+:".7.?9:"
%7+G%IU%19$"97J"1$:"%0I*1.1%"0.$)K)$0A:"09$".$0.)./$0A:"*(-0(G?%:5"966I"
90J/+" 09$" 97J" 1+)" FG.)$0;" 7%G?.D." 1.(" A1.(:" 7.(" -?)%19$" /$9 AG%()9"
7.$J1+19:.
Z1*$ 7<F<5" *1+)" 7%G?.D." 7.(" A-$)%" +" AG%()9" *1." 44=5" D%)" (7;GF9)" .$"
%66%?H%$:" *%" (-%$.)./$0J" (6$0J" *()%7%?9" 1.(" *.E9G.&" .$0.)./$0.&"
7G.E6;/91.:" 7.(" 9)1$/%1K7?U%$" 1." 4.*.0./%?." *1+)" 7%G?.D." *&)19R+:"
9(1.&"1.("%)+/%GK1$0.&"D%61?.(5".$".7.?%:"%?)9$"EAE9$."J1$"'9"/%?K)9)"1."
E9'/J" $09).7.?+*+:" 1K)" 9*'%)8) 9)" +" AG%()9" -$)J19)" *;/%G9<" P." ?D$."
$*F&%$" 09$" 97J" 1+)" /%-96&1%G+" FG;*+" 1K)" 4.*.0./%?K)" *%" 7%G$JD.(:"
.$0.)./$08)" D(*F%G%$8)" 1+:" 0.$)K)?9:" 7.(" 7%G$.G?U%$" 1+" FG;*+" 1+:"
$D$K1$0;:"$91G$0;:<""
PA6.:5" +" $09).7.?+*+" 1K)" 9*'%)8)" /%$8)%19$" *1.(:" F%$/%G$).&:" /;)%:"
9$F/;:" -$9" 19" 4.*.0./%?95" J7K:" 9(1;" 97.1(78'+0%" *1." #+/J*$."
4.*.0./%?."7.("*(-0G?'+0%"/%"1."44=<
69
'&)10$&0( !"+( $-&)*)( -&*( *)*Z*/%&01 ,10( #$&,"+>-&*0(,"+())* Y1."D$I*1+/9"/%1I"1+)"79G.&*9"AG%()9"A-$)9)"/%G$0A:"0$);*%$:"E%61?K*+:"
1K)"(7+G%*$8)"1.("44=5"+"97.1%6%*/91$0J1+19"1K)".7.?K)"'9"7GA7%$ )9"
9)96('%?"*%"/%66.)1$0A:"AG%()%:<"
Y1$:"0$);*%$:"9(1A:"7%G$69/EI).)19$\
9<" !" (6.7.?+*+" 1.(" /%-96&1%G.(" /AG.(:" 1K)" T�" DGI*%K)" 1.("
7G.-GI//91.:"@C3S�bB"7.("%QIG/.*%"1."44="/%"A-0G$*+"1.("234"-$9"
9)9EI'/$*+" 1K)"*FA*%K)"44=-D$09$.&FK)" W%)+/%GK1$0J" A)1(7."FG;*+:"
1K)" (7+G%*$8)" 1.("44=5" A)1(7." /%" 19" D$09$8/919" 09$" 1$:" (7.FG%8*%$:"
1K)" ).*+6%(./A)K)5" 1+6%.GI*%$:" /%" %)+/%GK1$0J" 7GJ-G9//9" *1.(:"
F8G.(:"9)9/.);:5"+6%01G.)$0J:".D+-J:"76.;-+*+:"*1."4.*.0./%?.X
E<" !" %-091I*19*+5" *1%6AFK*+" 09$" %R.76$*/J:" 1+:" EG9F%?9: ).*+6%?9:"
.-0.6.-$0.&"09$"9$/91.6.-$0.&"1/;/91.:"*%")A."091I66+6."F8G.
-<" " !" 6%$1.(G-?9" %/EJ6$/K)" 3S" 8*1%5" J7.(" %?)9$" %Q$01J5" .$ 6?*1%:"
9)9/.);:")9"/+)"(7%GE9?).()"1$:"T_"+/AG%:<
D<" 9)9EI'/$*+" (-%$.)./$0.&" (6$0.&" /%"7G./;'%$9" *&-FG.)K)"Q.G%?K)5"
1G.F;691K)"9/9R$D?K)5"067<
%<"!"%Q9G/.-;"%1;*$.("%079$D%(1$0.&"7G.-GI//91.:"/%"*1JF.(:5"7AG9)"
1+:" $91G.).*+6%(1$0;:" %7$*1;/+:5" 1+)" %)+/AGK*+" 1.("7G.*K7$0.&"*1+)"
D$9F%?G$*+" Wmanagement) 09$"+-%*?9, 1+)" $91G.).*+6%(1$0;"76+G.Q.G$0;5"
8*1%" )9" 7(G.D.1+'%?" 1." %)D$9QAG.)" 1K)" %G-9U./A)K)" -$9" 1+)" *()%F;"
7GJ.D."1.("4.*.0./%?.(
*1<" !" (7.FG%K1$0;" 79G90.6.&'+*+" 97J" J6." 1." 7G.*K7$0J" 1.(" 44="
.01IKG.(" *%/$)9G?.(" %7$0.$)K)?9:" 09$" *(/7%G$Q.GI:" W0.$)K)$0;:" 09$"
*()9$*'+/91$0;").+/.*&)+X"/%"*1JF."1+)"E%61?K*+"1K)"%79Q8)"1.("/%"1.
0.$)J<
70
'&)10$&0( 0$( $l$#&l1 -&*( *)*Z*/%&01 ,10( #$&,"+>-&*0(,"+())* !" +-%*?9" 1.("C45" 1." 234" 09$" 1." 44=" AF.()" 9)96IE%$" 7.66A:" %)AG-%$%:"
7.("EG?*0.)19$"*%"%RA6$R+ -$9"1+)"9)9EI'/$*+"1K)"(7+G%*$8)"1.("44=<
L$"0(G$J1%G%:"97J"9(1A:"%?)9$\ 9<" !" %7A019*+" 09$" 9)90919*0%(;" 1K)" F8GK)" 1.(" S3C" /%" D+/$.(G-?9"
F8GK)"D$96.-;:5"9)I)+H+: 09$ EG9F%?9:").*+6%?9: 09$"+ 9)9EI'/$*+"1K)"
6.$78)" F8GK)" *(/7%G$69/E9)./A)+:" 1+:" GI/79:" 7GJ*E9*+:" 1K)"
9*'%).QJGK)
E<"!"/%6A1+"9)90919)./;:"FG;*+:"1K)"F8GK)"-$9"/%19Q.GI"1K)"3S"1.("
1.( .GJQ.(5" D+/$.(G-?9" EG9F%?9:" ).*+6%?9:" G%(/91.6.-$0.&5"79GI66+6+"
6%$1.(G-?9"7%G$**J1%GK)"F8GK)"3S"-$9"1$:"%$D$0J1+1%:"/%-I6+:"U;1+*+:<
-<" !" /%6A1+" /%19Q.GI:" 1K)" (7+G%*$8)" 1+:" #,L" %01J:" 44=" -$9"
%R.$0.)J/+*+"F8GK)"7G.:"D$I'%*+"-$9"3S"09$"%G-9*1;G$9<
D<"!"E%61?K*+"1.("*(*1;/91.:"%RK1%G$0;:"09$"%*K1%G$0;:"9*Q96%?9:"1.("
44=<
%<"!"76;G+:"9)90919*0%(;"09$"%7A019*+"1+:"2%)$0;:"V3�"/%"TN"06?)%:
*1<" !" %(G$*0J/%)." *%" 1%6$0J" *1ID$." %-091I*19*+" )A.(" 9$/.D()9/$0.&"
09GD$.6.-$0.&" %G-9*1+G?.(" W*1%Q9)$.-GIQ.:X" 09$" )A9:" 09GD$.6.-$0;:"
V3�.
U<"!"*()%F;:5".*.).&7K".6.06+G.&/%)+5"7G.8'+*+"1+:"6%$1.(G-?9:"1.("
*(*1;/91.:"/+F9).G-I)K*+:"@�?6$77.:B"*%"J69"19"1/;/919"1.("44=.
71
!>",*0$&0( !$>*&,$>?( Z$#,&?010( ,?)( +!1>$0&?)( ,"+())* %$(Z*01(,1)(!*>"+0*($>$+)* !" AG%()9" 9(1;" ADK*%" -$9" 7G81+" Q.GI" /$9" 7G9-/91$0;" %$0J)9" 1.("
%7$7AD.(" 7.$J1+19:" 1+:" 6%$1.(G-?9:" 1.(" 44=" 09$" 9)AD%$R%" 9D()9/?%:5"
%66%?H%$:" 09$" D(*6%$1.(G-?%:" -$9" 1+)" %7?6(*+" 1K)" .7.?K)" '9" 7GA7%$" )9"
-?).()" *1.F%(/A)%:" 76A.)" 79G%/EI*%$:" /%" EI*+" 1$:" D+/.*$.)./$0A:5"
D()91J1+1%:"09$"1+)"D()9/$0;"%)%G-.7.?+*+:"1.("9)'G87$).("79GI-.)19"
-$9"97.1%6%*/91$0;"%G-9*?9"09$"7GJ.D.5"7.("J/K:"%R9G1I19$"I/%*9"97J"
1+)"0.$)K)$0; 09$"7.6$1$*1$0;"*(-0(G?9<"
301$/I19$"J1$" .$" $91G.).*+6%(1$0A:"966I"09$" D$.$0+1$0A:"(7+G%*?%: /7.G%?"
)9"E%61$K'.&)"/%\"
9<"7G.-GI//919"*()%F$UJ/%)+: %079?D%(*+: 1.("7G.*K7$0.&"*%"'A/919"
%7$0.$)K)?9:5" *(/7%G$Q.GI:" 09$" 7G.9-K-;:" 1+:" *FA*+:" -$91G.&-
9*'%).&:-*(--%)8)<
E<" 7G.*7I'%$9" D$91;G+*+:" D$9FG.)$0I" *19'%G;:" 09'+/%G$);:"
*1%6AFK*+:" J6K)" 1K)" P/+/I1K)" /%" 091I66+69" %7$6%-/A)." 09$"
%079$D%(/A)."7G.*K7$0J"-$9"0I'%"'A*+"%G-9*?9:"-$9"/%-96&1%G."FG.)$0J"
D$I*1+/9.
-. FG.)$0I".G'.6.-$0J1%G+"6%$1.(G-?9"1K)"3S"-$9"/%-96&1%G."7%G$.G$*/J"
1+:"09'(*1AG+*+:"-$9"%RA19*+"/%";"FKG?:"G9)1%E.&"
D. 9)9EI'/$*+"1.("%7$7AD.("1K)"$91G$08)"(7+G%*$8)"1.("S3C"/A*K"1+:"
*1%6AFK*;: 1.("/%"/%-96&1%G+:"%/7%$G?9:"09$"%079?D%(*+:"7G.*K7$0J"
%<" /%?K*+" 1.("FGJ).("79G9/.);:"9*'%)8)"*1." S3C"/%" %7$1IF()*+" 1+:"
D$90?)+*+:"%R%1I*%K)" - 97.1%6%*/I1K)"/%" 1." 0%)1G$0J" %G-9*1;G$."/A*K"
*(*1;/91.:"9G)+1$0;:"7?%*+:
*1< %Q9G/.-;" 1+:" *1G91+-$0;:" %$*9-K-;: 9*'%)8)" 7.(" FG%$IU.)19$"
FG.).EJG9"D$%G%&)+*+"*1."S3C<
72
U<" D$%G%&)+*+" 1.(" 1GJ7.(" 7.$.1$0;:" E%61?K*+:" 1.(" Q9-+1.&" 1K)"
).*+6%(./A)K)
+<"D$%G%&)+*+"1.("1GJ7.("E%61?K*+:"1+:"09'9G$J1+19:"1.("4.*.0./%?.(
'. .G-I)K*+"/J)$/.("/+F9)$*/.&"%)+/AGK*+:"1K)"D$09$.&FK)"-$9:
(1) 1$:"D$9D$09*?%:".G';:"FG;*+:"1K)"(7+G%*$8)"1.("44=
(2) 1.(: 09)J)%: 6%$1.(G-?9:"1.("44="
(3) 1+)" 97.Q(-;" %7$QJG1$*+:" 1.(" 44=" /%" (7+G%*?%:" 7GK1.EI'/$9:"
7%G?'96H+:5" $D?K:" 1.(" S3C5 7.(" /7.G.&) )9" 9)1$/%1K7$*'.&)" %&0.69"
%01J:"44="
W^X" 1+)" %)+/AGK*+" -$9" 19" 1GAF.)19" 09$" 091I" 09$G.&:" 9)9D(J/%)9"
6%$1.(G-$0I"7G.E6;/919"1.("4.*.0./%?.(
$. '%*/.'A1+*+" 37$1G.7;:" C.$J1+19:" 1.(" 44=, 7.(" /%" D$9D.F$0A:"
AG%()%:"'9"79G90.6.('%?"D$9FG.)$0I"1+)"7.$J1+19"J6K)" 1K)"(7+G%*$8)"
1.("4.*.0./%?.(<"!"0?)+*+"9(1;"%?)9$"*+/9)1$0;"-$91?"091I"1.(:"%$D$0.&:"
9)96(1A:" 19" (H+6I" 7.*.*1I" $09).7.?+*+:" 97J" 1." %R%$D$0%(/A)."
).*.0./%?.5"96I"09$"97J"1."#+/J*$.5"*%"A)9"E9'/J5 7.("*(-0G?'+09) /%"
1." 44=" *F%1?U.)19$" /%" 1+)" FG+*$/.7.?+*+" 1.(" *(*1;/91.:" %6A-F.(" 09$"
D$9F%?G$*+:"1+:"7.$J1+19:"-$9"/%-I6."D$I*1+/9<"
$9<"%)%G-.7.?+*+"1.("%)D$9QAG.)1.:"1.("7G.*K7$0.&"09$"FG+*$/.7.?+*+"
1.(" *(*1;/91.:" D$9F%?G$*+:" 1+:"7.$J1+19:"97J" 1.(:" %G-9UJ/%).(:, 7.("
091I"1.(:"%$D$0.&: 9(RI)%$"09$"1+) $09).7.?+*+"1K)"9*'%)8)<"
$E. %79)I6+H+" 1+:" AG%()9:" $09).7.?+*+:"*%" 1901I" FG.)$0I" D$9*1;/919"
-$9" %01?/+*+" 1+:" 97.1%6%*/91$0J1+19:" 1K)" D$9QJGK)" E%61$K1$08)"
79G%/EI*%K)5" 091I"7G.1?/+*+" 97J" %$D$0%(/A)."Q.GA9, J7K:" 1."3')$0J"
S)*1$1.&1."a.$)K)$08)"3G%()8)"7.("9);0%$"*1."C9)%7$*1;/$."='+)8)5"/%"
7GJE6%H+"0I6(H+:"1.("*F%1$0.&"0J*1.(:.
73
b:" %7?6.-.:" 1.(" 79GJ)1.:" %)+/%GK1$0.&" '9" /7.G.&*%" )9" %?)9$" +"
QGI*+"1.("Y%)A09\"
mEC4(OJQNRC9(67N96:(Q4CB6:(G9n(5OLK4(J6O(EC4(G4HNDUC9(J6O(JMG5D4C9o