The present perfect The present perfect continuous tense

G.Zolboo

UNIT 3

when we talk about a period of time that continues from the past until now , we use the present perfect.

Бид өнгөрсөнөөс одоог хүртэл үргэлжилж байгаа үйл явдлын тухай ярихдаа одоо төгссөн цагийг хэрэглэнэ.

THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE TENSE (FORM)

I / you / we / they have (= I’ve etc.)

He / she / it has (= he’s etc.)

finishedlostdonebeenread etc.

THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

Present perfect simple is have \ has + past participle. The past participle often ends in- end , but many important verbs irregular .

Одоо төгссөн цаг нь have \ has араас өнгөрсөн цагийн 2- р хэлбэрээр бичигдэнэ.Өнгөрсөн цагийн 2- р хэлбэр нь [ ed ] төгсгөлтэй байх боловч ихэнх чухал үйл үг нь дүрмийн бус хэлбэртэй байна.

PRESENT PERFECT

affirmative negative interrogative

I have played football.

I have not played football.

Have I played football?

I have bought a new dress.

I have not bought a new dress.

Have I bought a new dress?

Present perfect simple timeline

This month

/have done/

THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

We use present perfect for actions in the past which have a connections to the present. The time when these actions happened is not important.

For example :

I have already seen this move.

( Яг хэзээ нь тодорхой бус )

THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

We use the present perfect for recently completed actions.

For example :

We have just finished our home work.

( Дөнгөж саяхан дууссан үйл явдлыг илэрхийлнэ )

THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

We use present perfect for actions beginning in the past and still continuing.

For example :

He has been translator for 7 years.

( Өнгөрсөнд эхлээд одоо хүртэл үргэлжилж байгаа, цаашид үргэлжилж болох үйл явдлыг илэрхийлнэ. )

THE PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

The present perfect continuous tense is used to talk about an actions that started in the past and continued until recently or that continue into the future.

Одоо төгсөн үргэлжилж байгаа цаг нь өнгөрсөнд эхэлсэн үйл явдал болон саяханыг хүртэл үргэлжилсэн эсвэл цаашид ч гэсэн үргэжлэх үйл явдлын тухай ярихад хэрэглэнэ.

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS (FORM)

I / you /we / they Have (= I’ve

etc.)

He / she / itHas (= he’s etc.)

been

doing

watching

playing etc.

THE PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

Actions that started in the past and continue in the present.

For example :

I have been reading that book all month.

( Сүүлийн нэг бүтэн сарын турш үргэлжилсэн үйлдэл .)

THE PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

Action that have just finished but we are interested in the result .

For example :

He is the dirty. Because he has been playing football.

( Үр дүн нь харагдаж байгаа .)

TIME WORDS

Time expressions used with Present perfect and Present perfect continuous : just, ever , never, already, yet, always, how long, so far, recently, since, today, this week, month, etc.

TIME WORDS

Ever \ never

We use ever in questions and statement.

Have you ever visited Prague?

We use never in statement.

I have never visited America.

TIME WORDS

Just

We use just in statements to show that an action finished only a few minutes earlier.

A: Have you finished homework?

B: Yes I have just finished .

TIME WORDS

yet \already

We use already in statement and questions.

Have you done the washing up already?

Yes, I have . I’ve already done it.

We use yet in questions and negatives.

Have you done the ironing yet?

No, I haven’t done the ironing yet.

TIME WORDS

For \since

We use for the express duration.

I’ve worked here for seven years.

We use since to state a sharing point.

I’ve worked state since 1992.

EXERCISE TIME

Put the verbs in bracket into the correct tense.

1. We ….( always\want ) to see the pyramids.

2. He ….( not\travel ) by boat in last summer.

3. Marie …. ( learn ) English for 2 years.

4. I saw Tom yesterday but I…. ( not\see ) him today.

5. I….( try ) to stop smoking since 1998.

6. How long….( you\wait ) here?

EXERCISE TIME

Correct answer

1. We have always wanted to the see the pyramids .

2. He has not traveled by bout in last summer.

3. Marie has been learning English for 2 years.

4. I saw Tom yesterday but I haven’t seen him today.

5. I have been trying to stop smoking since 1998.

6. How long have you been waiting her ?

EXERCISE TIME

Underline in correct word.

1. A: Have you talked to Helen?

B: Yes ,I‘ve ever\just called her .

2. Gary hasn’t been abroad for\since last summer.

3. They have already\yet bought a computer.

4. Jim is in holiday. He has gone\ going to Italy.

5. Have you been play\playing tennis?

6. She has been painted\painting ceiling.

EXERCISE TIME

Correct answer.

1. A: Have you talked to Helen?

B: Yes ,I‘ve just called her .

2. Gary hasn’t been abroad since last summer.

3. They have already bought a computer.

4. Jim is in holiday. He has gone to Italy.

5. Have you been playing tennis?

6. She has been painting ceiling.