Post on 15-Jun-2015
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The Need to Educate for Character
The Need to Educate for Character
© 2002 International Educational FoundationIEF is responsible for the content of this presentation only
if it has not been altered from the original.
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Best of the 20th CenturyBest of the 20th Century
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Worst of the 20th CenturyWorst of the 20th Century
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Spouse andchild abuse
Infidelity
Divorce
Spouse andchild abuse
Infidelity
Divorce
Family in CrisisFamily in Crisis
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Youth in Crisis
Youth in Crisis
Sex Dru
gs STD
s Cri
me
Sex Dru
gs STD
s Cri
me© IEF 6© IEF 6
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19501950 19901990
4. Peers
5. TV
4. Peers
5. TV
1. Home
2. School
3. Church
1. Home
2. School
3. Church
1. Peers
2. TV
1. Peers
2. TV
3. Home
4. School
5. Church
3. Home
4. School
5. Church
Source: Michigan State University Study, 1990Source: Michigan State University Study, 1990
Strongest Influences on StudentsStrongest Influences on Students
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Source: William J. Bennett et al., “Index of Leading CulturalIndicators,” Empower America, Mar 1993
Source: William J. Bennett et al., “Index of Leading CulturalIndicators,” Empower America, Mar 1993
1940s School
Problems
1940s School
Problems1.Talking out of turn
2. Making noise
3. Improper clothing
4. Littering
1.Talking out of turn
2. Making noise
3. Improper clothing
4. Littering
1.Drug abuse
2. Alcohol abuse
3.Pregnancy
4. Assault
1.Drug abuse
2. Alcohol abuse
3.Pregnancy
4. Assault
1990s School
Problems
1990s School
Problems
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U.S. SpendingU.S. SpendingSocial ProblemsSocial Problems
U.S. from 1960 — 1990U.S. from 1960 — 1990Source: William J. Bennett, “Is Our
Culture in Decline?” Education Week, April 1993
Source: William J. Bennett, “Is Our Culture in Decline?” Education Week, April 1993
Up 500%
Up 500%
Crime —Up 500%Divorce — Up 400%Fatherless Children — Up 300%
Crime —Up 500%Divorce — Up 400%Fatherless Children — Up 300%
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Source: Arnold Toynbee, British Historian, Civilization on Trial
Source: Arnold Toynbee, British Historian, Civilization on Trial
“ The greater our material power, the greater our need for spiritual insight and virtue ...”
“ The greater our material power, the greater our need for spiritual insight and virtue ...”
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MindMind
BodyBody
Two Dimensions ofa Human Being
Two Dimensions ofa Human Being
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Two Dimensions of ValueTwo Dimensions of Value
MindMind
BodyBody
Truth Beauty Goodness Love
Truth Beauty Goodness Love
Food Shelter Wealth Comfort
Food Shelter Wealth Comfort
InnerSatisfaction
InnerSatisfaction
PhysicalWell-beingPhysical
Well-being
HappinessHappiness
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Two Dimensions of EducationTwo Dimensions of Education
Truth Beauty Goodness Love
Truth Beauty Goodness Love
Education for
Character
Education for
Character
Education for
Career
Education for
Career
Food Shelter Wealth Comfort
Food Shelter Wealth Comfort
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MindMind
BodyBody
Education forCharacter
Education forCharacter
Education forCareer
Education forCareer
Priority of Educating for CharacterPriority of Educating for Character
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Passing on knowledge & cultural values
Teaching moral standards and social responsibilities
Preparing good citizens
Passing on knowledge & cultural values
Teaching moral standards and social responsibilities
Preparing good citizens
Traditional Role of EducationTraditional Role of Education
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1960s— Breakdown of Traditional Values
1960s— Breakdown of Traditional Values
Adult Authorit
y
Adult Authorit
y
Individualism& Moral
Relativism
Individualism& Moral
Relativism
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“Values-Neutral” Perspective“Values-Neutral” Perspective
Pluralism as moral equivalence
Decline of religion
Distrust of authority
Romanticism
Pluralism as moral equivalence
Decline of religion
Distrust of authority
Romanticism
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Characteristics ofValues Clarification
Characteristics ofValues Clarification
Values neutral
Feelings and process
Student choice
Values neutral
Feelings and process
Student choice
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Characteristics of Values Clarification
Characteristics of Values Clarification
Teacher asfacilitator
Ignorestraditional morality
Discountsparents’ role
Teacher asfacilitator
Ignorestraditional morality
Discountsparents’ role
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Early Appeal ofValues Clarification
Early Appeal ofValues Clarification
Interactive Treats students as
individuals Pro–tolerance
Interactive Treats students as
individuals Pro–tolerance
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Participatory Students as
agents of own learning
Effective withinmoral framework
Participatory Students as
agents of own learning
Effective withinmoral framework
Interactive MethodologyInteractive Methodology
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Limitations ofValues Clarification
Limitations ofValues Clarification
No moral standards
Encourages mediocrity
Not character-building
No moral standards
Encourages mediocrity
Not character-building
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“Values – neutrality” as norm
Pluralism precludes universal values
Values = religion
Pluralism = tolerance
“Values – neutrality” as norm
Pluralism precludes universal values
Values = religion
Pluralism = tolerance
Why Moral Education Went Astray
Why Moral Education Went Astray
Dubious assumptionsDubious assumptions
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U.S. federal funding for character education
U.S. federal funding for character education
Character Education — Rising Trend
Character Education — Rising Trend
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EasternEastern
TraditionalTraditional
SpiritualSpiritual
MaterialMaterial
WesternWestern
Contem-poraryContem-porary
UniversalValues
UniversalValues
Character EducationBased on Universal Values
Character EducationBased on Universal Values
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Universal Values CriteriaUniversal Values Criteria
Reversible Generalizable Compelling to
the conscience
Reversible Generalizable Compelling to
the conscience
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Universal Values CriteriaUniversal Values Criteria
Objective benefits Transcend cultures Embodied as virtues
Objective benefits Transcend cultures Embodied as virtues
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Common to All CulturesCommon to All Cultures
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“ Education has had two great goals: To help young people to become smart and … become good.”
“ Education has had two great goals: To help young people to become smart and … become good.”
Source: Thomas Lickona, Educating for CharacterSource: Thomas Lickona, Educating for Character
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Moral Goals of EducationMoral Goals of Education
1. Mature character
2.Loving relationships & family
3.Contribution to society
1. Mature character
2.Loving relationships & family
3.Contribution to society
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Good CharacterGood Character
Disposition to right conduct Attitudes & habits For loving well
Disposition to right conduct Attitudes & habits For loving well
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Different PersonalitiesUnited in Character
Different PersonalitiesUnited in Character
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Heart — Core of CharacterHeart — Core of Character
CharacterCharacter
HeartHeart
TrueLove
TrueLove
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Cultivation of the HeartCultivation of the Heart
Experiences of love
Moral examples
Practice of caring
Experiences of love
Moral examples
Practice of caring
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Moral Goal — Mature CharacterMoral Goal — Mature Character
Loving heart
Self-control
Lives for others
Words = Deeds
Loving heart
Self-control
Lives for others
Words = Deeds
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First Dimension of EducationFirst Dimension of Education
Mature CharacterMature CharacterCultivation of the HeartCultivation of the Heart
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Education in NormsEducation in Norms
Training in proper behavior Rules and responsibilities For respect & harmony
Training in proper behavior Rules and responsibilities For respect & harmony
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Education for Character — Balances Love & Rules
Education for Character — Balances Love & Rules
LoveLove RulesRules
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Strong marriages
Effective parenting
Ethical practice
Living for higher purpose
Strong marriages
Effective parenting
Ethical practice
Living for higher purpose
Moral Goal: Loving Relationships & Family
Moral Goal: Loving Relationships & Family
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Second Dimension of Education
Second Dimension of Education
Cultivation of the HeartCultivation of the Heart
Education inNorms
Education inNorms
Loving Loving RelationshipRelationships & Familys & Family
Loving Loving RelationshipRelationships & Familys & Family
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Academic education
Technical education
Education in the arts
Academic education
Technical education
Education in the arts
Education for MasteryEducation for Mastery
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Mastery Involves Moral StandardsMastery Involves Moral Standards
Business Ethics
Work Ethics
Environmental Ethics
Business Ethics
Work Ethics
Environmental Ethics
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Mastery InvolvesConcern for the Environment
Mastery InvolvesConcern for the Environment
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Technical achievement
Community service
Sustainableenvironment
Technical achievement
Community service
Sustainableenvironment
Moral Goal —Contribution to Society
Moral Goal —Contribution to Society
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Third Dimension of EducationThird Dimension of Education
Cultivation of the HeartCultivation of the Heart
Education inNorms
Education inNorms
Educationfor MasteryEducation
for MasteryContribContributionutionto to society.society.....
ContribContributionutionto to society.society.....
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Problem of Modern EducationProblem of Modern Education
Cultivation
of the Heart
Cultivation
of the Heart
Education
in Norms
Education
in Norms
Educationfor MasteryEducation
for Mastery
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Balanced EducationBalanced Education
Cultivation of the Heart
Cultivation of the Heart
Educationin NormsEducationin Norms
Educationfor MasteryEducation
for Mastery