Post on 15-Apr-2017
A Brief introduction of Ancient Chinese Architecture
Yanbin ZHUO 22th Jan
• Timeline• Architects• Basic Features• Cases
Royal Palace of Tang Dynasty(ruined)
Shang-Yinca.1766—ca.1122BC
Chouca.1122—221BC
Qin221—207BC
Han206BC—220AD
Six DynastiesCa.220—581AD
Sui581—618AD
Tang618—907AD
Song960—1279AD
Yuan1279—1368AD
Ming1368—1644AD
Ch’ing1644—1912AD
1912—now
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
907—960AD
• Time line
Shang-Yinca.1766—ca.1122BC
Chouca.1122—221BC
Qin221—207BC
Han206BC—220AD
Six DynastiesCa.220—581AD
Sui581—618AD
Tang618—907AD
Song960—1279AD
Yuan1279—1368AD
Ming1368—1644AD
Ch’ing1644—1912AD
1912—now
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
907—960AD
• Time line
“ 建筑师” Architects
1 Li Jie, Song Dynasty, “Yingzao Fashi”( methods of construction) 2 Ch’ing Dynasty, “Gongcheng Zuofa Zeli”(regulations for building practice)
1 2
1 Liang Sicheng(1901-1972)Main hall of Fouguang Temple
“ 屋顶”( Wu’ding ) “ Roofs” : the Fifth Facade
Double eave-gable-hip roof)重檐歇山顶
Main ridge
Double eaveSlope
Gable
重檐 (Double eave roof)
庑殿顶 (hip roof)
歇山顶 (gable and hip roof)
卷棚 (round ridge roof)硬山 (flush gable roof)
悬山 (overhanging gable roof)
庑殿顶 (hip roof) 歇山顶 (gable and hip roof)
攒尖 (pyramidal roof)
圆攒尖 (round pavilion roof)
祈年殿 (Hall of Qinian)
“ 斗拱”( Dougong ) “ Bracket sets”
At corner, on top of columns, between columns
Bracket set• Connect columns and
roof, load transfer• Extend the eaves• Decoration• A structure resist the
force of earthquake
Arch
Pavilion models inside a hall of Huayan Temple (1038A.D.)
Restore scriptures and Buddha statues
“ 木构架”( Mugoujia ) “ Timber frame”
Structure of a pavilion
Structure of a hall (timber frame perspective of Foguang
Temple)
Tenon structures
Base
Column
Beam
Bracket --tenon
Cases
Meridian Gate
Gate of Supreme Harmony
Hall of Supreme Harmony
Hall of Supreme Harmony“ 太和殿” (1695A.D.)
Turret of Forbidden City“ 紫禁城角楼” (1420A.D.)
The Great Wall“ 八达岭长城” (1505A.D.)
Yu Tomb , Ch’ing Dynasty“ 裕陵” (1752A.D.)
Zhuanlunzang Pavilion, Longxing Temple , Hebei“ 河北正定隆兴寺转轮藏阁” (ca 975A.D.)
Hall of Moni, Longxing Temple , Hebei“ 河北正定隆兴寺摩尼殿” (ca 975A.D.)
Main Hall of Fuoguang Temple, Shanxi “ 山西五台山佛光寺大殿” (857A.D.)
The Sakyamuni Pagoda of Fogong Temple山西佛宫寺释迦塔 (1056A.D.)
Beijing Countyard北京四合院
Yao Cave, Loess Plateau, North China“ 下沉式窑洞”
Tradition residential building of An’hui “ 皖南民居”
Fujian Tulou/ Rural dwelling of the Hakka in the mountainous areas in southeastern Fujian“ 福建土楼”