Post on 01-Mar-2018
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K.12 RP 2015-2016
Utility
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Utility Unit:
supporting unit in the plant
preparing, supplying, and distributing sup
materials needed for the plant
Supporting materials to handle:
1.Steam
2.Water3.Electricity
4.uel
!."efrigerant
#.$Waste treatment%
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Estimation of supporting materialssupplied by Utility UnitSteam:
&here are t'o (inds of steam uthe chemical plants:
a%superheated steam ) for rea
and for turbine po'erb%saturated steam ) for heating
&hey are both supplied at 1**+'ith allo'ance of 1*2*+
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Water
&he use of 'ater in the chemical plan
-rocess ooling
/oiler feed
0omesti(
-rocess
mount of 'ater for reaction, s
absorber, etc
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ooling
0epend on the cooling system, once through or recirculati
nce through system: supplied at 1**+ and 1*2*+ allo'
"ecirculation system: supplied only for cooling 'ater lost
to'er. ooling 'ater lost at cooling to'er can be estimated as:
Eaporation loss, We *.***5! Wc$&1) &2%
0rift loss, Wd *.1*.2+ Wc
/lo' do'n, Wb
- Wc circulated 'ater, 'ith unit of or for W, consisten
- &1and &2 cooling 'ater temperature at inlet and out
to'er in 6.
- cycles , usually cycles used is 3!.
Estimation by 7urita, cooling 'ater lost in cooling to'er a
1+ for eery !.56 temperature drop.
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/oiler feed
0epend on the use of the steam
a%Steam for reactant $superhsteam% ) supplied at 1**+ rateallo'ance of 1*2*+.
b%Steam for heating $satusteam% and8or for tu$superheated steam% ) suponly for /W ma(e up due to
losses in the steam traps and
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0omestic0omesti( 'ater usage
ces
;aboratory
-ublic facilities
aybe 1 pile $1! ltr% a day, or 1 ?errican $2! ltr% a day
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-ublic facilities
antine
>usholla
antine:
0epend on the amount of customer. &he labothe facility may be of @!+ of total labour.
Each person may need 'ater at ! ltr a day.
>usholla:
0epends on the amount of labour using the
&his might be estimated at @!+ of total labothe need of 1* ltr er erson a da .
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Electricity
>otor: pump, coneyor, elcompressor, blo'er, fan, apparatus, crusher, grinder, mills, setc
Cllumination: degree of illumi
illumination area, type of lamp$home 'or(: electricity needeilluminate control room, housingsplant area%
Cnstrumentation and control s
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uel
Energy conersion 9 efficiency
or boiler, D 5*+ or generator, D
D 2!+, gas fuel
D 3!+, liuid fuelD 3!+, solid fuel $coal%
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"efrigerant $home 'or(% "ate of refrigerant recycled: , , , etc., conertei.e. Rf
0etermination of the amount of refrigerarefrigerator:
ssume 1 cycle, i.e. 1! mins
mount of refrigerant in a refrigerator racycle $1!% (g
"efrigerant is recycled 9 some lea(ings
;ea(ing by time: 1**+ at serice life $i.e. 2* yr
Supply