Department of ParasitologyLeiden University Medical Centre

Helminths

Nematodes (roundworm)• geohelminths• Strongyloides

Cestodes (tapeworm)• Taenia• Echinococcus

Trematodes (flukes)• Schistosoma• Food born trematodesLU

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Size range of human tapeworms (cestodes)

Taenia saginata/T. solium

2 - 8 meter

Hymenolepis nana

1.5 - 4 cm

dwarf tapeworm

large tapeworm

4 -10 meter

broad tapeworm

Diphyllobothrium latumLUMC-P

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Taeniasis

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Taenia solium - cysticercosis

• Human ingestion of eggs• Oncosphere develops into cysticerci

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Taenia solium - cysticercosis

• Human ingestion of eggs• Oncosphere develops into cysticerci• Muscles, subcutaneous• Brain => neurocysticercosis

• Time delay

• Imaging, serology, (antigen detection, PCR)

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Taenia solium - cysticercosis

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Taenia solium - cysticercosis

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Taenia saginata / Taenia solium• embryonated oncosphere, 6 hooks• radially striated brown shell (embryophore)• primary membrane (egg shell)

≈ 35 µm

Pollen artefact

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Taenia saginata / Taenia solium

Scolex with 4 suckers Scolex with 4 suckers + double row of hooks

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Taenia saginata - Taenia solium

• 15 to 20 branches on each side • 7 to 13 branches on each side

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Hymenolepis nana - dwarf tapeworm

Adult worms:

15 to 40 mm in length

The life span 4-6 weeks,

Autoinfections

Intestinal cysticeric

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Hymenolepis nana - dwarf tapeworm

52x40 µm

two membranes

4-8 polar filaments

Oncosphere: six hooksLUMC-P

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Other cestodes a.o.:

Hymenolepis diminuta rat tapeworm

Dipylidium caninumdog/cat tapeworm

Bertiella spp.tapeworm of non human primates

Diphyllobothrium latumbroad fish tapeworm

Echinococcus spp.dog tapewormfox tapeworm

65x60 µm

65x45 µm

artefact

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Diphyllobotrium latum

Knop Operculum

± 65x45 µm

Ned. Tijdschr Geneeskd(2005) 149(44): 2470LU

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€ 2.60 voor 6 st.

€ 0.90 voor 2 st. € 1.30 voor 2 st.LUMC-P

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<= taeniasis , 2e keuze PZQ

<= ???

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