Factors affecting on semen quality

ผศ.น.สพ. ชยัวฒัน์ จรสัแสงภาควชิาศัลยศาสตรแ์ละ

วทิยาการสบืพนัธ ุ์

•ใหนั้กศึกษาอธบิายปัจจยัท่ีทำาใหเ้ชื้ออสจุิตายมา 1 ตัวอยา่ง

References• Barth A.D and Waldner C.L. 2002. Factors

affecting breeding soundness classification of beef bulls examined at the Western College of Veterinary Medicine. Can Vet J 43(3):274-284

• Hafez.E.S.E and Hafez.B. 2000. Reproduction in farm animals 7 th edition. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 509pp

• http://vet.kku.ac.th/chaiwat/teaching/teaching2010

Objectives• บอกสาเหตท่ีุมผีลกระทบต่อเชื้ออสจุไิด้

• สามารถอธบิายปัจจยัจากตัวสตัวต่์อคณุนำ้าภาพของเชื้อ

• สามารถชีใ้หเ้หน็ถึงอิทธพิลของสิง่แวดล้อมท่ีมผีลต่อคณุภาพนำ้าเชื้อ

• สามารถบอกถึงปัจจยัท่ีอาจมผีลต่อคณุภาพนำ้าเชื้อในขัน้ตอนการผสมเทียม

Breeding soundness evaluation

Pedigree

Progeny test

- Long time - More costly

Breeding soundness evaluation

Breeding Index

(USA TPI=Type production index) (Canada LPI= Lifetime profit index)

(New Zealand BV’S = Breeding values) (Japan NTP=Nippon total index)

Terminology of semen

•PTA (ETA) : Predicted or estimated transmitting ability

•EBV : Estimated breeding value (Canada)

•PTAT : Predicted transmitting ability of type traits

•Reliability

Factors on Semen quality

•Bulls effect•Feeding •Diseases•Semen collection management

•Environmental effects

Bulls affecting • Age• Scrotal circumference• Breeds• Body condition score• Physical abnormalities• Frostbite ???

Effect of Age

Effect of Breeds

Effect of BCS

Effect of Physical abnormalities

Effect of Scrotal circumference

Minimum Recommended Scrotal Circumference in Centimeters by Age for Bulls

Age (months) Scrotal Circumference (cm) 15 30>15-18 31>18-21 32>21-24 33>24 34

Effect of scrotal frostbite

- Puberty --> scrotal circumference

- semen

collection time- 6Bull > years- Boar > 3

years- Stallion > 20

years

Feeding on semen quality

Feeding

R RRRRRRR R RRRRRRR( )

Young animals- -- Low energy > delay semen production- --R> less affecting- High energy ---> low libido

Thailand

-- > Late puberty

- roughage- climates

Low feeding

- Testosterone --> decrease- low libido- Obesity -->

low libido and sexual activity

Vitamin A

Pituitary gonadotropins

Testicular degeneration

Vitamin E ---> Male organ

Vitamins

Minerals

- -- Iodine > poor libido- Copper- Cobalt- Zinc- Manganese

Toxins - -- High gossipol > epididymal cell

- radiation --> spermatogenesis

- --- estrogen feed > failure of sperm transport in the female tract

Diseases

- Virus (IBR, BVD, FMD)

- Bacteria (Brucellosis)

- Parasite (Blood parasites)

Semen collection management

- Training- - Frequency 1 2 per week- hoof problem

--> electro-ejaculator

Environmental effects 1. Temperature- Motility - Temperature shock

- Heat shock- Cold shock

2 . Photoperiod & seasonLong time --> Longevity sperm

3. Oxygen ionO 2 --- > H2O2

4. AciditypH 6.7- 6.9Sperm metabolism --> Lactic acids

---> Buffers5. Osmostic pressure

Permeabili ity 6. Metal

Lead, Mercury 7 . Bacteria 8 . Detergent&Toxin

1. Semen collection

2. Storage and freezing

3 . Storage and transportation

4 . Thawing and insemination

Risk of environment factors

Bulls prepare- Shower- Wash prepuce with NSS 0.9 %

Material prepare- Detergent- Sterile

Collection time- Light- Temperature

Semen collection

Storage and freezing

1. Freezing 37 C 5 C - 20 C - 79 C -196 C

2. Extender

- protection cold shock and cryo-protectant- Energy source- Buffering- Osmotic pressure- Bacteria inhibition

- Extender Egg Yolk Tris

- --- Tris > buffers- -- citric acid > buffers- -- Glucose > energy, osmotic pressure- Penicillin, Streptomycin, Polymixin B- Gl -- - ycerol > cryo protectant- - -- -Egg yolk > cyro protectant

Storage and Transport

Semen bank tank- coding- liquid nitrogen

AI center tank- liquid nitrogen--> 2 weeks

Inseminator tank- liquid nitrogen --> day by day

Transports- Liquid nitrogen- Tank to tank

- Canister - Straw (0.25 French mini-straw

0.5 ml USA)- < 15 second- forceps

Thawing and Insemination

Thawing- canister level- forceps- 35-40 C 30 second

AI- AI gun --> clean & dry

AI technique

- - Sperm death 10 20 %

- Live sperm 6- 8 m. / straw

-Progressive motile drop - 515%

-Limited of bulls

-Health control

•จะเกิดอะไรขึน้ถ้ามนี้ำ้าปนเปื้ อนในขัน้ตอนการรดีน้ำ้าเชื้อ ???