Post on 13-Dec-2015
English Grammar English Grammar in Usein Use
present simple ; present continuous;
past simple; past continuous;
future
情景语法 1:一般 & 进行时
Present continuous
Present continuous
(Ann is in her car. She is on her way to work.)
• She is driving to work.
• TOM: I'm reading an interesting book at the moment. I’ll lend it to you when I've finished it.
Remember…
Often the action is happening at the time of speaking:
not ‘I work’
not ‘'she has a bath’
not ‘'it doesn't rain’
1. Please don't make so
much noise. I'm working.
2. 'Where's Margaret?' 'She's
having a bath.'
3. Let's go out now. It isn't
raining any more.
Remember…
Often the action is happening at the time of speaking:
not ‘do you enjoy’
4. (at a party) Hello, Jane. Are you enjoying the party?
5. I'm tired. I'm going to bed now. Goodnight!
Remember…
But the action is not necessarily happening at the time of speaking:
but perhaps she isn't learning Italian exactly at the time of speaking
2. Catherine wants to work in Italy, so she is learning Italian.
1. Some friends of mine are building their own house. They hope it will be finished before next summer.
Alex drives a bus. Alex is a bus
driver
present simplepresent simple
Alex is a bus driver, but now he is in
bed asleep. So: He is not driving a
bus. (He is asleep.) but He drives a
bus. (He is a bus driver.)
Remember…
something is true in general ; something happens all the time or repeatedly
1.Nurses took after patients in hospitals.
1.Nurses took after patients in hospitals.
2. I usually go away
at weekends.
2. I usually go away
at weekends.
3. The earth goes round
the sun.
3. The earth goes round
the sun.
1 You don’t seem very happy today.
2 What are you doing? I'm thinking.
3 Who does this umbrella belong to?
Mozart He lived from 1756 to 1791. He started composing at the age of five and wrote more than 600 pieces of music. He was only 35 years old when he died.
past simple
past simple
At 10.30, they were playing tennis.
(Yesterday Karen and Jim played
tennis. They began at 10 o'clock and
finished at 11.30. )
past continuous
past continuous
past
simple 1.I work in a travel agency now. Before that I worked in a shop.
2. We invited them to our party but they decided not to come.
3. The police stopped me on my way home last night.
4. She passed her examination because she studied very hard.
past
continuous 1. This time last year I was living in Brazil.
2. What were you doing at 10 o'clock last night?
3. I waved to her but she wasn't looking.
I ______ (meet) Tom and Ann at the airport a few weeks ago. They ______ (go) to Berlin and I ______ (go) to Madrid. We ______ (have) a chat while we ______ (wait) for our flights.
I ______ (meet) Tom and Ann at the airport a few weeks ago. They ______ (go) to Berlin and I ______ (go) to Madrid. We ______ (have) a chat while we ______ (wait) for our flights.
met ... were going ... was going ... had ... were
waiting/waited
I ______ (cycle) home yesterday when suddenly a man ______ (step) out into the road in front of me. I ______ (go) quite fast but luckily I ______ (manage) to stop in time and ______ (not/hit) him.
I ______ (cycle) home yesterday when suddenly a man ______ (step) out into the road in front of me. I ______ (go) quite fast but luckily I ______ (manage) to stop in time and ______ (not/hit) him.
was cycling ... stepped ... was going ... managed ... didn't hit
He is playing tennis on Monday afternoon.
He is going to the dentist on Tuesday morning.
He is having dinner with Ann on Friday.
(This is Tom's diary for next
week.)
In all these examples, Tom
has already decided and
arranged to do these things.
present tenses (I am doing / I do)
for the future
present tenses (I am doing / I do)
for the future
Remember…
Use the present continuous to say what you have already arranged to do. (Do not use the present simple I do):
not 'I go'
not 'what do you do'
1. A: What time is Cathy arriving tomorrow?
B: At 10.30. I'm meeting her at the station.
2. A: What are you doing on Saturday evening?
B: I'm going to the theatre.
Remember…
Use the present continuous to say what you have already arranged to do. (Do not use the present simple I do):
3.I'm not working tomorrow, so we can go out somewhere.
4.Ian isn't playing football on Saturday. He's hurt his leg.