Post on 01-Jan-2016
description
Daily Entry
• 1. A specialized cell that functions in sending chemical and electrical signals is?
• 2. A living plant specialized cell that transports sugar?
• 3. Blood cells with nuclei are referred to as?• 4. A specialized cell that has a lot of
mitochondria and a flagellum for movement?• 5. An unspecialized cell?
Video
(Both links are to the same video, try the other if one doesn’t work)
• http://www.eurostemcell.org/films/a-stem-cell-story/English
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2-3J6JGN-_Y
What is a stem cell?
Identical stem cells
Stem cell
SELF-RENEWAL(copying)
Stem cell
Specialized cells
DIFFERENTIATION(specializing)
Stem cell= an undifferentiated cell that has not been given a specific job or function yet, once it is given a specific job it is then differentiated/specialized
1 stem cell
Self renewal - maintains the stem cell pool
4 specialized cells
Differentiation - replaces dead or damagedcells throughout your life
Why self-renew AND differentiate?1 stem cell
Where are stem cells found?
1. embryonic stem cellsblastocyst - a very early
embryo
2. tissue stem cellsfetus, baby and throughout life
Embryonic stem (ES) cells:Where we find them
blastocyst
outer layer of cells= ‘trophectoderm’
cells inside = ‘inner cell mass’
embryonic stem cells taken fromthe inner cell mass
culture in the labto grow more cells
fluid with nutrients
Embryonic stem (ES) cells:What they can do
embryonic stem cells
PLURIPOTENT- capable of developing into any type of cell, these are very important to research
all possible types of specialized cells
differentiation
neuronsgrow under conditions B
Embryonic stem (ES) cells:Challenges
embryonic stem cells
skin
grow under conditions A
blood
grow under conditions C
liver
grow under conditions D
?
Tissue stem cells:Where we find them
muscles
skin
surface of the eye brain
breast
intestines (gut)
bone marrow
testicles
Tissue stem cells:What they can do
MULTIPOTENT-can give rise to other types of cells but it is limited in its ability to differentiateEx:Bone marrow also contains multipotent stem cells that give rise to all blood cell types but not any other type of specialized cells
blood stem cell
found in bone marrow
differentiation
only specialized types of blood cell:red blood cells, white blood cells,
platelets
Pros vs. Cons
• Transplant organs• Discovery of new
medicine/drugs• Cure for diseases
– Cancer
• Skin grafts• Genetic disorders• Injuries and healing
– Spinal
• Cloning
• Ethical/emotional issues– abortion
• Religious beliefs• Fear of cloning• Against human
experimentation• Long term side affects are
unknown and still in progress
• Multipotent• Expensive
Think-Pair-Share
• Think: President Obama recently overturned a ban on federal funds for stem cell research. Should stem cell research be federally funded?
• Are you for or against stem cell research?• Pair: Turn to your neighbor and share your
thoughts
Left-side Activity
• Create a public announcement, newspaper article, flyer, advertisement, t-shirt design ect. Representing your opinion on stem cell research
• Include– What a stem cell is– The two types of stem cells– Where stem cells come from– How they can be used – Illustration