資優親職面面觀資優親職面面觀 (( 一一 ))

如何鑑定及培育資優及如何鑑定及培育資優及潛能未展學生潛能未展學生

(2004(2004 年年 1111 月月 55 日日 ))

滄海遺珠 滄海遺珠 ??資優兒童的鑑別與培育資優兒童的鑑別與培育

Understanding the Nature & Nurture of Gift

ed ChildrenJoyce KWOK郭燕薇校長郭燕薇校長CCC Kei San Secondary School中華基督教會基新中學中華基督教會基新中學

Objectives of this SeminarObjectives of this Seminar1. Intelligence Classification2. Assessment of Giftedness in HK3. Definition of Giftedness4. Guidance of Gifted Child5. Role of the teacher / Parent

I. What is Intelligence ?

Two types of Intelligence : R. Gregory

• Potential intelligence– Intelligence of stored knowledge– Contained ready made answers

to practical problems– In books, tools, minds– skills

Two types of Intelligence : R. Gregory

• Kinetic Intelligence– Intelligence of processing,

problem solving– Inherited as rich potential

intelligence build up over generations

– I.Q.

Potential / Kinetic Intelligence

Intelligence is hard to define and descriptions are generally beset with paradoxes.

Thus intelligence is attributed to :those who have to think because they

do not know a lot, and to those who know a lot and so do not

have to think. -- Richard Gregory

II. Terminology…… Guildford , I.Q. definition

Terminology

• English : gifted, talented, high ability• Hong Kong : 天才，資優• Mainland China : 超常• Taiwan : 資優• Singapore : 高材• Japan : 英才

Classification of Intelligence Level

130+ Very Superior 1.6 %120-129 Superior 6.6%110-119 High Average (Bright) 18.7%90-109 Average 50.0%80-89 Low Average (Dull) 15.7%70-79 Limited or Borderline 4.9%69 & below Mentally Deficient 2.7%

III. Identification & Assessment

Assessment of the Gifted & Talented in Hong Kong

1. Behavioral Checklist2. Intelligence Assessment3. Amplitude / Academic

Performance Assessment4. Creativity Assessment

Self-reflectionGiftedness vs Intelligence

• What are the difference ?

• Which one is better ? – Being gifted– Being Intelligent

• What do scholars say ?

IV. Traits of Giftedness ….

What do scholars say ?

Basic Need of Gifted Children

Barbara Clark, Growing Up Gifted,1992

Intuitive直角感知力

Thinking思考力

Feeling感覺、情緒

Sensing官能辦識力

Creativity

Multiple Intelligence

• Linguistic : Word Smart• Logical-mathematical : number smart / logic smart• Spatial : picture smart• Bodily-Kinesthetic : body smart• Musical : music smart• Interpersonal : people smart• Intra-personal : self smart• Naturalist : nature smart

Learning the Way You Learn Best –Multiple

Intelligence• Linguistic Learner -- “ Word Smart”

– Good at reading, writing and speaking– Likes humor & word play– Learn best through saying out loud,

repeating, etc.

Learning the Way You Learn Best –Multiple

Intelligence• Logical / Mathematical Learner -- “Number Smart”

– Good at interpreting data, sorting things out and reasoning

– Likes numbers, solving problems, etc. – Learn best by looking for patterns,

arranging things in order

Learning the Way You Learn Best –Multiple

Intelligence• Spatial Learner -- “Art Smart”

– Good at visualizing– Can make mental pictures and images– Learn best through visual presentation,

color, mind maps

Learning the Way You Learn Best –Multiple

Intelligence• Kinesthetic Learner -- “ Body Smart”

– Good at sport– Well coordinated (limbs & hands)– Learn best by doing, hands on

experiences, often needs to learn on the move

Learning the Way You Learn Best –Multiple

Intelligence• Musical Learner -- “Music Smart”

– Has a feel for rhythm, melody, pitch,tones

– Likes background music– Learn best through rhythm, rhymes,

melody, song

Learning the Way You Learn Best –Multiple

Intelligence• Inter-personal Learner -- “ People Smart”

– Sensitive– Good at social understanding– Tuned in to other’s feelings– Learn best through working with others, co-

operative learning : “social engineering”

Learning the Way You Learn Best –Multiple

Intelligence• Intra-personal Learner -- “Self Smart”

– Knows themselves well (self-knowledge)

– Likes to work alone -- independent– Learn best working at own pace on

individual projects

Learning the Way You Learn Best –Multiple

Intelligence• Naturalistic Learner -- “Environment Smart”

- Sensitive to natural phenomenon- Expertise in the recognition & classification of

the numerous species- Learn best through natural studies, connection

to living things & natural phenomena

Three Ring Concept Joseph Renzulli, 1978

•Above average Above average intelligenceintelligence

•Task CommitmentTask Commitment

•CreativityCreativity

吸收經驗，學習遷移Acquisition

知而能行，行而有方Performance

綜合企劃，策略評選Executive

R.J.Sternberg, 1985R.J.Sternberg, 1985

V. Individual Differences

Discussion

• Do I know any gifted children with different– Personality style ?– Behavioral style ?– Response style ?

• Can low achievers be gifted ?

Transactional Analysis

AdultChild

Parent

Dilemma in Guidance of the Gifted 吳武典

1. 通才 偏才通才 偏才2. 2. 表現的資優 潛在發展表現的資優 潛在發展3. 3. 情意發展 認知發展情意發展 認知發展4. 4. 環境適應 尋求卓越環境適應 尋求卓越 (( 一般化一般化 ) ( ) ( 特殊化特殊化 ))

Gifted with Special Problems 吳武典

•低成就的資優•問題兒童的資優•慢條斯理的資優•文化貧乏的資優•殘障的資優