UESBrightStudents:TheConservationGenerationPre­VisitPowerPointScriptforTeachers

Slide1–UES/BrightStudentsTitleSlideSlide2–EnergyIntroductionEnergy.It’sinyou,yourhome,yourenvironment‐it’sineveryoneandit’severywhere.Energyiswhatmovesus,whatmakeslifehappen.Slide3–ThankstoEnergyToday,thankstoenergywecan:surfthenet,chatwithfriendsanddohomeworkonacomputer,watchamovie,playvideogames,listentomusic,cookdinner,orjustturnonalight.Slide4­EnergyUseEnergyisalsousedtopowerschoolbuses,cars,planes,andtrains.Itisusedtoharvestfood,transportfoodtoourcommunities,andmanufacturethingssuchasclothing,toys,books,iPods,andfurniture.Infactalmosteverythinginourlivesrequiresenergyinsomeform.Eventhispresentationtakesenergy!

Questiontostudents(Questions1&2ontheStudentWorksheet):

Canyouthinkofsomethingyoudidorusedtodaythatrequiredenergy?Recordresponsesonchartpaperorontheboard.GivestudentstimetorecordselectedresponsesontheirStudentWorksheets.Canyouthinkofsomethingthatyouaredoingrightnowthatrequiresenergy?HavestudentsrecordtheirresponsesontheirStudentWorksheets.Slide5–HumansHarnessEnergyAlllivingthingsalsoneedenergyforlife.Oneamazingthingthatsetshumansapartfromotheranimalsisthatwehavelearnedtocapture,harnessandtransformenergytodoworkforus–toaccomplishgreatfeatsorsimplymakelifealittleeasier.Slide6­WhatisEnergy?(Question3ontheStudentWorksheet)Energyisdefinedastheabilitytodowork.Energycomesindifferentformsandeachformoffersauniqueabilitytodowork.Formsofenergythatpeoplearefamiliarwithinclude…lightenergyheatenergysoundenergychemicalenergyandtheenergyofmotion.

Questiontostudents(Question4ontheStudentWorksheet):

UESBrightStudents:TheConservationGenerationPre­VisitPowerPointScriptforTeachers

Canyouthinkofawayweuseeachoftheseformsofenergy?Slide7­KineticandPotentialAllformsofenergycanbeclassifiedintotwocategories:kineticorpotential.Slide8–KineticEnergy(Question5ontheStudentWorksheet)Kineticenergyistheenergyofmotionandincludesenergyformssuchas[CLICK]electrical(themovementofelectrons),[CLICK]thermal(movementofatomsandmolecules),[CLICK]radiant(themovementofelectromagneticwaves),[CLICK]motion(themovementofobjects)and[CLICK]sound(whichalsomovesinwaves).Slide9­PotentialEnergy(Question6ontheStudentWorksheet)Potentialenergyisstoredenergyortheenergyofposition.Formsofpotentialenergyincludechemical(energystoredinthebondsofatoms),storedmechanical(energystoredinobjectsbyapplicationofaforce),nuclear(energystoredinthenucleusofanatom),andgravitational(energyofposition–suchawaterheldbehindadamorarockontopofahill).Slide10­EnergyCanChangeForms(Question7ontheStudentWorksheet)AnimportantandamazingthingaboutenergyisthatITCANCHANGEFORMS!Hereisanexample:Whenyoueatbreakfastinthemorning,youareeatingaformofchemicalpotentialenergy(measuredincalories).Yourbodiestransformthechemicalenergyoffoodintomechanicalenergythatallowsyoutomoveanddoworklikeridingabike.

Slide11:EnergyTransformations–RadianttoChemicalEnergytransformationisabasiccharacteristicofenergy.Becauseenergycanchangeforms,wecanputittoworkforus.Someotherexamplesofenergytransformationinclude:

Radiantlightenergyischangedintochemicalenergybyplantsduringphotosynthesis.

Slide12:EnergyTransformations–ElectricaltoRadiantandThermalElectricalenergychangestoradiantandthermalenergywhenweturnonalightbulb.

Questiontostudents(Question8ontheStudentWorksheet):

Canyouthinkofanotherwaywetransformenergytodoworkforus?

UESBrightStudents:TheConservationGenerationPre­VisitPowerPointScriptforTeachers

Slide13–EnergyQuestionOfallthedifferenttypesofenergy,oneisusedmostoftenbyhumans.Itisanenergythatcaneasilybetransformedintoothertypesofenergyandweuseitdaily.Doyouknowwhattypeofenergythisis?Slide14–Electricity(Question9ontheStudentWorksheet)Electricity!Electricalenergy,orelectricity,istheflowofelectrons.Itisauniquelyversatileformofenergy.Itcanbeeasilytransformedintootherformsofenergy,suchasheat,light,ormechanicalenergy.Becauseofitsabilitytoeasilychangeforms,weuseelectricitytodomanythingsforus–weputittowork!Slide15­EnergyTransformationsLet’sthinkabouthowweputelectricitytowork.Considerwhathappenswhenyouturnonalight.Whatkindsofenergytransformationsoccurtomakethishappen?Slide16–PluggingintoCoal

Questiontostudents(Question10ontheStudentWorksheet):

Thefirstthingtoconsideris:whatistheoriginalsource?Whatkindsofenergysourcesareusedtogenerateelectricity?Brainstormwithstudentsenergysourcesthatareusedtoproduceelectricity(coal,oil,sun,wind,water,etc.).Slide17–HowaCoalPlantWorks–TransformingEnergyWhileelectricitycanbeproducedfromseveralsources,wewillusecoalasanexampletoshowtheenergytransformationsthatmusttakeplacetolightupthatbulb.

• Startingwithcoalatthesource(whichischemical,potentialenergy)…• Coalisburned,transformingitschemicalenergyintothermalenergy• Thethermalenergyisusedtocreatesteamwhichthenspinsaturbine

transformingthethermalintomechanicalenergy• Themechanicalenergyspinsmagnetswithincoilsofcopperwirewhich

transformsthemechanicalenergyintoelectricalenergy(thisistheelectromagneticeffect!)

• Theelectricitytravelsthroughwirestoourhomes…• Andfinally,electricityistransformedintoheatandlightenergyasweturnon

thelight!Slide18–EnergyTransformationsSummary

UESBrightStudents:TheConservationGenerationPre­VisitPowerPointScriptforTeachers

Sojusttoturnonalight,atleast4energytransformationsmusttakeplace!Butbecauseoftheseenergytransformations,wecanturnonalightusingthepotentialenergystoredincoal.

Questiontostudents(Question11ontheStudentWorksheet):

So,nowweknowtheenergytransformationsthatmusttakeplacetolightabulbfromtheoriginalenergysourceofcoal.FromyourlistofotherenergysourcesinQuestion10,describehowoneormoreoftheseenergysourcesmightbetransformedtolightabulb.Reviewwithstudentstheirresponsestothepreviousquestioninwhichtheybrainstormedthingsthatareusedtoproduceelectricity.Selectafewofthesesourcesanddiscusshowthesesourcesmightbetransformedtoproduceelectricity.Slide19­RenewableandNon­RenewableEnergySources(Question12ontheStudentWorksheet)Currently,yourcommunity’sprimarysourceforelectricityiscoal.However,thereareactuallymanyenergysourcesfromwhichelectricitycanbegenerated.Thesesourcesaregenerallyclassifiedasrenewableornon­renewable.Slide20­Non­RenewableEnergySources(Question13ontheStudentWorksheet)Non‐renewableenergysourcesarelimited,finiteresourcesthatdonot“renew”themselvesandthusonceused,aregone.Coalisanon‐renewableenergysourcebecauseasitismineditdoesnotreplenishitself.Othernon‐renewablesourcesincludenaturalgas,petroleum(oil),anduranium.Eachofthesesourcesmustbeminedfromtheearthandtheirsupplyislimited.Slide21­FossilFuels(Question13ontheStudentWorksheet)Coal,naturalgas,andoilarealsotermed“fossilfuels”becausetheydevelopedfromdecompositionofplantsandanimalsthatlivedhundredsofmillionsofyearsago.Thefossilizedremainsofthedeadplantsandanimalswereburiedandcompressedundermanylayersofsediment.Theincreasedpressureandtemperatureoverhundredsofmillionsofyearstransformedtheremainsintocarbon‐richpocketsofpotentialenergy.Thustheyarecalledfossilfuelsand,onceused,aregone–theyareliterally“non‐renewable.”Slide22­PollutionfromFossilFuels(Question14ontheStudentWorksheet)

UESBrightStudents:TheConservationGenerationPre­VisitPowerPointScriptforTeachers

Fossilfuels(asdescribedwithcoal)areburnedtogenerateelectricity.Unfortunately,thisprocessemitscarbondioxideandothergasesintotheatmosphere,whichpollutetheenvironmentandcontributetoglobalclimatechange.Aswell,theminingoffossilfuelscanhaveverydamagingimpacts.Andbecausefossilfuelsarenon­renewable,oursupplyislimited.Slide23­RenewableEnergySources(Question15ontheStudentWorksheet)Renewableenergysourcesareconsideredrenewablebecausetheyareneverending–theyareabletoreplenishthemselves.Theseincludehydropower(thepowerofwater),biomassenergy(alsocalledbioenergy‐fromlivingmatter),windpower(thepowerofmovingair),geothermalenergy(heatenergyfromtheearth),andsolarenergy(energyfromthesun).Theseenergysourceswillremainaslongasthereisflowingwater,livingmatter,wind,heatfromtheearth,andsunshine.

Questiontostudents(Question16ontheStudentWorksheet):

Whataresomedifferencesbetweenrenewableandnon­renewableenergysources?DiscussanswerstothisquestionandgivestudentstimerecordtheiranswersontheirStudentWorksheet.Slide24­TurningaTurbinefortheElectromagneticEffect(Question17ontheStudentWorksheet)Likenon‐renewableenergysources,renewableenergysourcescanbetransformedtogenerateelectricity.Aswithfossilfuels,thepotentialenergyfromthesesourcesistransformedintomechanicalenergytoturnturbines…whichspinmagnetsincoilsofcopperwire…whichgeneratesanelectricalcurrent.Thisprocess–thisphenomenon‐‐isknownastheelectromagneticeffect.Slide25­SolarEnergy–SolarThermalSolarenergyisspecialbecauseitcanbeusedtogenerateelectricityintwoverydifferentways.Oneisthroughtheelectromagneticeffect,inwhichtheheatfromthesunisconcentratedandusedtogeneratesteamtospinaturbine.Slide26­SolarEnergy­PVInadditiontotheelectromagneticeffect,thereisanotherprocess–anotherphenomenon–forgeneratingelectricitywithsolarenergy.Thephenomenonisknownasthephotovoltaiceffect.‘Photo’meanslightand‘voltaic’meanselectricity‐‐so“photovoltaic”meanselectricitygeneratedfromlight.

UESBrightStudents:TheConservationGenerationPre­VisitPowerPointScriptforTeachers

Slide27–ThePhotovoltaicEffect­HowaSolarCellWorks(Question18ontheStudentWorksheet)Thephotovoltaiceffectoccurswhensunlightisshoneonspecialsubstancesandcauseselectronstoflow‐‐anelectriccurrent!Themainsubstanceinwhichthisoccursissilicon,whichisoneofthemostabundantmaterialsintheEarth’scrust.Siliconisusedtomakesolarcells,whichareusedtomakesolarpanels,whicharespecificallyfabricatedtodirectaflowofelectrons–thatis,togenerateelectricity!

Review“HowaSolarCellWorks”withstudentspointingoutthatsunlightiscomposedoftinyparticlescalledphotons.Photonsstrikeandexciteelectronsin

thesolarcell.Thisstartstheflowofelectrons–electricity!Slide28–GeneratingElectricitywithRenewableEnergySourcesWhetherthesourceissolar,wind,geothermal,hydroorbiomass,generatingelectricitywithrenewableenergysourcesavoidstheenvironmentalimpactsassociatedwiththeminingandburningoffossilfuels.Italsoallowsustoconservenon‐renewableenergysources.Slide29–Environment(Question19ontheStudentWorksheet)Animportantthingtorememberisthatallofourenergysources(renewableandnon‐renewable)areconsideredtobenaturalresources–thatistheycomefromnature–theworldaroundus–ourenvironment.Whenconsideringwhichenergysourcetouse,itisveryimportanttoconsidertheenvironmentaleffectsofusingthatsource.Howmuchpollutiondoesthissourceproducewhenitisusedtogenerateelectricity?Whataffectdoesminingorotherwiseextractingthissourcehaveontheoverallenvironment?Howmuchofthissourceisavailable?Theseandotherquestionsareimportanttoaskwhenconsideringenergysources!

Questiontostudents(Question20ontheStudentWorksheet):

Canyouthinkofsomeotherquestionstoaskwhenconsideringtheuseofanenergysource?DiscussanswerstothisquestionandgivestudentstimetorecordtheiranswersontheirStudentWorksheet.Slide30–QuestionofAbundanceSinceoneconsiderationregardingenergychoicesisitsavailability,whichofallthechoicesdoyouthinkismostabundanthereinArizona?

UESBrightStudents:TheConservationGenerationPre­VisitPowerPointScriptforTeachers

Slide31–Arizona’sSolarPotential(Question21ontheStudentWorksheet)SolarEnergy!That’sright,ourstateisblessedwithanabundanceofclean,brightsunshine.Thismapshowstheamountofsolarenergy(inwatthourspersquaremeter)reachingthegroundperday.Thedarkerthered,themoresolarenergy.CanyouseethattheamountofsolarradiationreachingtheearthisveryhighinArizona?ThismeansthatArizonahassomeofthebestsolarenergypotentialintheUnitedStates.Slide32–Arizona’sEnergyUseToday(Questions22&23ontheStudentWorksheet)Evenwithourabundanceofsunshine,westillrelymostlyoncoalforourenergy,followedbynaturalgasandnuclearenergy.Renewablesourcescurrentlyprovideforonly2%ofourneeds.NewEEstandsfornewenergyefficiency,whichaccountsforenergynotusedthankstoenergyconservationandincreasedefficiencyoftheenergywedouse.Slide33–Arizona’sEnergyUseTomorrow(Question24ontheStudentWorksheet)Itisprojectedthatby2025,energyefficiencywillincreaseto7%.Also,Arizonawillincreasetheuseofrenewablesourcesofenergyto16%.Coalusewillbereducedto24%,nuclearincreasedto32%andnaturalgasto21%.Slide34­EnergyEfficiencyAsouruseofrenewableenergysourcesincreases,ourrelianceonfossilfuelswilldiminish.Sincefossilfuelsarenon‐renewableandpolluting,itmakessensetousemorerenewableenergy.Whatalsomakessinceisincreasingourenergyefficiency.Butwhatexactlyisenergyefficiency?Slide35–TechnologyBringsEnergyEfficiency(Question25ontheStudentWorksheet)Energyefficiencymeansaccomplishingthesameworkbutwithlessexpenditureoftimeand/oreffort.Simplyput,itmeansusingthingssmarterandusingsmarterthings!Aswemoveintothis21stcentury,technologywillbringusmoreefficientwaystogenerateelectricity.Thisbecomespossibleastechnologicaladvancesallowustoproducemoreelectricityfromagivensource.Italsomeansdevelopingandusingproductsthatrequirelessenergytooperate.Increasingenergyefficiencyreducesoverallenergycosts,reducesconsumptionof

UESBrightStudents:TheConservationGenerationPre­VisitPowerPointScriptforTeachers

non‐renewableresources,andminimizesenvironmentalimpacts.Beingmoreefficientwithourenergyuseissomethingeveryonecando.Slide36–InsuringaBrightEnergyFutureToinsureabrightenergyfuture,savenaturalresources,andreducepollutionitisimportantthatweincreasetheuseofrenewableenergysourcesaswellastoincreaseenergyefficiency.Atthesametime,thereissomethingelsethatwecanalldorightnow,somethingthatcananddoesmakeahugedifference.Canyouthinkofwhatthismightbe?Slide37­EnergyConservation!(Question26ontheStudentWorksheet):Wecanallconserveenergy!Conservingenergymeantouselessenergy.Thisreducespollution,savesnaturalresources,andalsosavesmoney!Slide38­BehaviorandProductsConservingenergymeanstopersonallymakesmartchoicesinourenergyuse.WhiletherearemanyBrightSolutionsforenergyconservation,wecanconserveenergyintwobasicways:wecanmodifyourbehaviorandwecanuseenergyefficientproducts.Slide39–ModifyingBehavior(Question27ontheStudentWorksheet)Modifyingourbehaviormeanschangingthewaywedothings.Inregardtoenergyuse,thismightmean:

• Loweringorraisingthethermostatafewdegrees(not“supercooling”roomsinthesummerorover‐heatingtheminthewinter)

• Wearingasweaterifyoufeelcoolinsteadofturningontheheater• Turningoffthelightswhenyouleavearoom• Takingashortershowertoreducehotwaterconsumption

Slide40­UsingProductsthatPromoteEnergyEfficientandConservation(Question28ontheStudentWorksheet)Wecanalsobuyproductsthatuseenergymoreefficientlyorhelpustobemoreconservative.Youcan:

• Buy“ENERGYSTAR”appliances(whichuselessenergytooperate)• Replaceincandescentbulbswithcompactfluorescentbulbs(CFLs)• Useatimertoturnonandofflights• Useapowerstripwithaswitchtoturnoffelectronics

Slide41–StudentsCanMakeaDifference

UESBrightStudents:TheConservationGenerationPre­VisitPowerPointScriptforTeachers

UESbelievesthatstudentscanmakeadifference!UESinvestsinyourfuturebyhelpingyoutolearnaboutenergy–whichiswhatwearedoingrightnow!AndUESwillbevisitingyourclassroomsoonafterthisprogram!Ifyouagreetoparticipate,youwillreceivesomecool,take‐home,energyefficientproducts.Slide42–BrightSolutionsandYou(Question29ontheStudentWorksheet)ApplyingBrightSolutionstodayensuresabrightenergyfuturefortomorrow.SomequestionsthepresenterfromUESwillaskyouis,“Whatareyoudoingtosaveenergy?”and“Areyouusingenergywisely?”UESwantstoknow:“WhatareyourBrightSolutions?”Teacherinstructionstostudents:It’stimetobrainstormwayswecanhelpwiththeenergyoutlookforthefuture.Workwithapartnertoshareanddiscussthreethingsyoulearned.WritedownyourideasonyourStudentWorksheets.