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The ultimate goal of science:
Defensible explanatory accounts of the way the natural
world works.
The ultimate goal of science:
Defensible explanatory accounts of the way the natural
world works.
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How do various forms of scientific knowledge contribute
to this goal?
How do various forms of scientific knowledge contribute
to this goal? Theories Laws Models Hypotheses
Theories Laws Models Hypotheses
Models:generators of ideas to testModels:generators of ideas to test The most broadly applied of all forms
of knowledge They are representations of how
something is structured or how something works
They are the “testable” subsets of theories
Note! People typically believe models are only the outcome of investigation, but their primary purpose in science is to generate novel and productive ideas to test.
The most broadly applied of all forms of knowledge
They are representations of how something is structured or how something works
They are the “testable” subsets of theories
Note! People typically believe models are only the outcome of investigation, but their primary purpose in science is to generate novel and productive ideas to test.
increases
negatively impacts
?
increases
positively influences
Human
activity
Soil
compaction
Nutrient
content
Drainage
Insect
population
diversity
Aeration
Available
oxygen for
respiration
Hypotheses-- Are testable “pieces” of models
Hypotheses-- Are testable “pieces” of models
If, in my current model, _____ is true, then I would expect ____ to happen in
my study because________.
If, in my current model, _____ is true, then I would expect ____ to happen in
my study because________.
increases
negatively impacts
?
increases
positively influences
Human
activity
Soil
compaction
Nutrient
content
Drainage
Insect
population
diversity
Aeration
Available
oxygen for
respiration
Theories= explanation/ causeTheories= explanation/ cause Explanations of how
some aspect of the natural world works (statements of cause or underlying mechanisms)
They make statements that go beyond what is directly observable
Explanations of how some aspect of the natural world works (statements of cause or underlying mechanisms)
They make statements that go beyond what is directly observable
Laws=descriptionLaws=description Descriptions of relationships in systems in
the natural world Laws do not offer explanations Note! Theories never “become” laws, but
theories can help explain why laws seem to “work”
Descriptions of relationships in systems in the natural world
Laws do not offer explanations Note! Theories never “become” laws, but
theories can help explain why laws seem to “work”
Theories Laws
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