SEMINARIO TECNOLOGÍAS 4G Y 5G
Msc. Eng. Henry A. Vásquez
.Femtoceldas y small-cells .Interworking: Que es? y como trabaja. - Offloading: Trafico de Datos Móvil a Wi-Fi .Recomendaciones, requerimientos para 5G IMT-2020, Tecnologías potenciales, soluciones. .Aspectos de la Arquitectura de 4G que pueden ser considerados por 5G
Femtocells / small-cells
WIRELESS NETWORK OF THE PRESENT WIRELESS NETWORK OF THE FUTURE . Insufficient Spectrum . Capacity Constrained . Competitive Alternative to Wireline for Some
. Balanced Portfolio of Licensed and Unlicensed Spectrum
. Significantly Greater Capacity
. Competitive Alternative to Wireline for Many
NETWORK DESIGN: • Larger cells on average • Some small cells • Some advanced radio methods • Wi-Fi and cellular mostly operate independently • Limited sharing of spectrum with government • Frequencies: current cellular (600 MHz to 2.5 GHz) • Total spectrum used: approximately 1GHz
NETWORK DESIGN: • Smaller cells on average • Many small cells • Many advanced radio methods (smart antennas, etc.) • Wi-Fi and cellular work together in integrated network • Selective sharing of spectrum with government • Frequencies: current cellular bands and higher frequencies, including mmWave • Total spectrum used: many GHz
Macro Cells Will Continue to Provide Coverage Wi-Fi Adds Capacity but Only in Subset of Coverage Area Small Cells at Higher Frequencies for Capacity
HetNet (Heterogeneous Networks ) Architecture
http://www.3gpp.org/hetnet
Type and applications for Small cells
Source : Small Cell Forum
Type and applications for Small cells
Source : Small Cell Forum
Small cell characteristics resume
Covers all Angles on all use Cases for Small Cells
Source : Small Cell Forum
Covers all Angles on all use Cases for Backhaul Small Cells
Source : Small Cell Forum
Urban Small Cell Backhaul Example Overview
Small Cell & Backhaul Deployment Process
Source : Small Cell Forum PoP : Point of Presence TCO : Total cost of ownership
Interworking - Offloading
How Interworking Works : Four Key Challenges at the Wi-Fi/Cellular boundary
Premature Wi-Fi Selection
3GPP cell
Dat
a R
ate
[Mb
ps]
Distance to cell
Unhealthy choices
Lower capabilities Ping-Pong
3GPP cell
Fiber XDSL (Ex: 10/2 Mbps)
50 vs 2 Mbps)
Home
Office
Private Wi-Fi Public Wi-Fi Cellular
WISP#1
WISP#1
H-PLMN
V-PLMN
Multiple Services Providers
Wi-Fi to Wi-Fi Roaming
Trusted Wi-Fi Offload
Indirect Wi-Fi Offload International
Roaming
Backhaul technologies with varing throughput, latencies, costs etc (Ethernet, DSL, FTTC, FTP)
Multiple Backhaul Providers
802.11 abgn 2.4 Ghz 5 Ghz 2.4 Ghz 802.11n 802.11n 802.11bg
HSPA/HSPA+ LTE Femto
Radio interfaces with varing QoS, security, throughput, admission control capabilities
Multiple Radio Technologies
Multiple Devices Types
Multiple Credentials
Interworking Scenarios Between Mobile and WLAN access
Wireless Internet Service Provider = WISP
How Interworking Works We will focus on discussing how the Wi-Fi protocols will achieve the benefits that are casually mentioned in many industry articles:
How is the network discovery and selection process by a
client device improved? How does a client device or user positively and reliably
identify specific networks and their owners/operators? How does a mobile device or user know about the
roaming partnerships, agreements, and possibly costs associated with a specific Wi-Fi network?
What other contextual insight can a mobile device obtain about each Wi-Fi network, and how does it do so?
How do these protocols fix the many security and privacy problems with today’s Hotspots and public networks?
How will Wi-Fi handle QoS for operator networks? What about emergency services?
The Specification : 802.11u
Before 802.11u
After 802.11u
3GPP: TS 23.402 and TS 33.402
EAP Extensible Authentication Protocol TTLS Tunneled Transport Layer Security AKA Authentication and Key Agreement SIM Subscriber Identity Module
How Interworking Works : Authentication Example
[ TS 33.402 ]
AAA : Authentication, Authorization, Accounting
Offloading : Wi-Fi Mobile
1.Mobile Data Demand Mobile
broadband connections
Mobile broadband
usage x Total mobile
data traffic =
2.Mobile Data Supply Global
installed base
Local installed
base x
Data users / cell sites
Data users penetration / cell sites
Data users consumption/ cell sites
3.Mobile Infrastructure Cost
Wi-Fi outdoor & Indoor locations
Wi-Fi CaPex & OpEx
x Wi-Fi Infrastucture cost
= 4.Savings from Wi-Fi
offload Wi-Fi & LTE costs with
offload
Wi-Fi costs
+ Total mobile data traffic
=
Cost / subscriber /
Gb
Mobile data consumption
x HSPA & LTE costs without offload
HSPA & LTE costs with offload
=
=
HSPA & LTE costs without
offload
- Source: Cisco IBSG, 2013
1) defining the size of the mobile broadband market
2) identifying the required mobile infrastructure to serve projected demand
3) estimating costs to build HSPA, LTE, and Wi-Fi infrastructures
4) estimating savings CaPEX & OpEx from mobile data offload
Offloading : Wi-Fi Mobile Case : Saudi Arabia market
Each offload scenario revealed potential savings. The 30 percent scenario showed that Saudi mobile operators could save up to $901 million by 2017
Sou
rce:
Cis
co IB
SG, 2
01
3
Estimated total HSPA and LTE infrastructure costs for Saudi mobile operators were $3.318 million by 2017. Estimated Wi-Fi infrastructure costs were $94.6 million with 30 percent mobile data offload
Recomendaciones, requerimientos para 5G IMT-2020, Tecnologías potenciales, soluciones
To support user-determined, always-on, on-demand, intelligent and limitless access to mobile broadband applications, the architecture of next-generation networks must support a lower cost per megabyte, as well as being highly scalable and flexible to support a wide range of user requirements. Furthermore, the network must support access to multiple types of content by many different types of device simultaneously. Key to achieving these objectives is reducing network latency to support high-data-rate symmetrical user applications, as well as improving network efficiency so that the right amount of bandwidth is allocated to the right application at the right time.
Source : IMT-2020(5G)Promotion Group
Service Requirements
Sou
rce
: IM
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02
0(
5G)
Pro
mo
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n G
rou
p
Major Challenges of Future IMT Systems
Actual Dimensioning Workflow Example
Future IMT Technology Framework
Technology innovations in areas of wireless transmission and wireless networking (including access network and core network)
Key Technologies
Sou
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: IM
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5G)
Pro
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REQUIREMENTS FOR 5G
USER-DRIVEN REQUIREMENTS
Battery Life Per-user Data Rate and Latency Robustness and Resiliency
Mobility Seamless User Experience Context-Aware Network
NETWORK-DRIVEN REQUIREMENTS
Scalability Network Capacity Cost Efficiency
Automated System Management and Configuration Network Flexibility
Energy Efficiency Coverage Security: Integrity and Confidentiality
Diverse Spectrum Operation Unified System Framework
5G Evolution Concept
3GPP TR 36.932 version 12.1.0 Release 12
5G Evolution Concept
Sou
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: IM
T-2
02
0(
5G)
Pro
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n G
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5G Radio Acccess = Enhanced LTE RAT + new RAT
DOCOMO’s 5G radio accesss concept
5G Design Principles
5G Radio Acccess = Enhanced LTE RAT + new RAT
The key radio access technologies to enable 5G radio access concept are as follows: Integration of lower and higher frequency bands o Phantom cell concept (C/U plane split) o Flexible duplex Exploitation of higher frequency bands o Numerology and waveform design o Massive MIMO Further cellular enhancements in lower frequency bands o Non-orthogonal multiple access(NOMA)
ASPECTS OF 4G NETWORK ARCHITECTURE THAT CAN BE ENHANCED BY 5G
Enhancement of Networking Flexibility
Additional support for essential functions as fundamental attributes of networking layer
Providing more flexible mobility solutions
Expanded form of Multi-RAT integration and management
Enhanced efficiency for short-burst or small-data communication
Expanding context information known to the network
5G Radio Acccess = Enhanced LTE RAT + new RAT Phantom cell Centralized Radio Access Network (C-RAN)
A single master base station of C-RAN can connect multiple Remote Radio Heads (RRH), so that BTS controls are centralized.
Advanced C-RAN architecture is already in development. The advanced architecture incorporates "Add-on Cell" which uses different frequency ranges to avoid interferences and even supports higher throughput
Advanced C-RAN Architecture
The new technology uses Carrier Aggregation, one of the key features of LTE-Advanced, and is extensible to the maximum downlink throughput of 3Gbps. With the capability to support up to 48 cells, C-RAN paves way for new possibility in mobile broadband.
Carrier Aggregation
Carrier Aggregation
Source : Nokia
Carrier Aggregation
Source : Nokia
Carrier Aggregation
Source : Nokia
Carrier Aggregation
Source : Nokia
Carrier Aggregation
Source : Nokia
5G Radio Acccess = Enhanced LTE RAT + new RAT
Phantom cell
5G Radio Acccess = Enhanced LTE RAT + new RAT Phantom cell DOCOMO proposed the concept of "Phantom cell" in the 3GPP RAN workshop on Release 12 and onwards. The concept of the Phantom cell is based on a multi-layer network architecture, wich splits the control (C)-plane and the user data (U)-plane between macro cells and small cells using different frecuency bands
[ 3GPP TR 36.932 ]
5G Radio Acccess = Enhanced LTE RAT + new RAT
Flexible duplex
5G Radio Acccess = Enhanced LTE RAT + new RAT
Numerology and waveform design
5G Radio Acccess = Enhanced LTE RAT + new RAT Numerology and waveform design
5G Radio Acccess = Enhanced LTE RAT + new RAT Massive MIMO
5G Radio Acccess = Enhanced LTE RAT + new RAT Non-Ortoghonal Multiple Accces (NOMA)
5G Architecture o Separation of hardware and software o SDN and NFV Flexibility o APIs to support application and service use cases
…physical resources of fixed-mobile converged …
Software Defined Networking D2D Device to Device Network Function Virtualization
5G network slices implemented on the same infrastructure o A "slice "contains all the network functionality to render a specific use case or service - Security, control plane and user plane profiles, traffic profiles, throughput , reliability, latency... o Multiple network slices can be supported simultaneously in the network
5G Spectrum
Source : SKT
5G Spectrum
Source : SKT
5G Spectrum
Source : SKT
Key Capability and Efficiency Requirements
POTENTIAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR 5G Massive MIMO RAN Transmission at Centimeter and Millimeter Waves New Waveforms Shared Spectrum Access Advanced Inter-node Coordination Simultaneous Transmission Reception Multi-RAT Integration and Management Device-to-Device Communications Efficient Small Data Transmission Wireless Backhaul/Access Integration Flexible Networks Flexible Mobility Context Aware Networking Information Centric Networking (ICN) Moving Networks
Filter-Bank Multi-Carrier (FBMC) transmission ADVANCED MULTI-CARRIER TRANSMISSION Universal Filtered Multi-Carrier (UFMC) transmission Generalized Frequency-Division Multiplexing (GFDM)
The ability of both the network and device to use context awareness can help further enhance the user experience
POTENTIAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR 5G Potential key technologies in wireless transmission
Potential key technologies in wireless networking
Aspects of 4G Network Architecture that can be Enhanced by 5G
Ongoing technology trends Improvement dimension Current trends
3GPP Release-12
(Coordinated Multipoint Transmission and Reception )
Self-Organising Network
Network Function Virtualization
Software Defined Networking
Fixed Mobile Convergence
Authentication, Authorization, Accounting
Application Programming Interface
ASPECTS OF 4G NETWORK ARCHITECTURE THAT CAN BE ENHANCED BY 5G
1. Enhancement of Networking Flexibility 2. Additional Support for Essential Functions as Fundamental
Attributes of Networking Layer 3. Providing More Flexible Mobility Solutions 4. Expanded Form of Multi-RAT Integration and Management 5. Enhanced Efficiency for Short-Burst or Small-Data
Communication 6. Expanding Context Information Known to the Network
Advanced Interference Management Massive MIMO Security Modulation Millimeter Wave
Radio
NFV
Security
M2M/IoT
Ubiquitous Storage & Computing
Core Security Context Aware Networking M2M/IoT D2D Apps
Apps
Cloud RAN Flexible Networks M2M/IoT
M2M/IoT World Wide Wireless Web Cloud
Spectrum Lawful Intercept Spectrum Sharing Emergency Services Resillency Regulatory
Modulation Context Aware Networking D2D
Devices IoT intenret of Things D2D Devide to Devide NFV Network Function Virtualization
5G is envisioned to have initial deployments around 2020.
Resume
Thanks
Msc. Eng. Henry A. Vásquez
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