Smart Grid Architectures and Applications for Consumer Sectors
Tariq Samad, Ph.D.Corporate Fellow Honeywell Automation and Control SolutionsMember, NIST SGIP Governing [email protected]
Sophia Antipolis, 6 April 2011
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• Smart grids “beyond the meter”: the consumer connection• Successful applications in commercial and industrial sectors• Smart grids and the home• Conclusions
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Smart grid conceptual diagrams
Central Power Plant
NIST Smart Grid Interoperability Panel
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Offices
Storage
Virtual Power Plant
Wind Turbines
Fuel Cells
CHP
Houses
Micro-turbines
Industrial Plants
SmartGrids European Technology Program
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Smart Grids and Consumer Sectors
• End-use applications – energy efficiency– direct load control– demand response– . . . and others (EVs/PHEVs, distributed generation, microgrids, . . .)
• Substantial benefits being realized today
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• Substantial benefits being realized today– with existing infrastructure– utility / third-party / consumer system architectures– primarily, but not exclusively, for large commercial and industrial
• Lack of standardization limiting deployments in many cases
Next steps: standardization, expansion, residential and small commercial sectors
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• Smart grids “beyond the meter”: the consumer connection• Successful applications in commercial and industrial sectors• Smart grids and the home• Conclusions
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Energy Efficiency and Peak Reduction• Honeywell Novar keeps energy consumption
and costs low for multi-site businesses and reduces peak loads for utilities
– 6 GW of load in U.S.
• Novar multi-site customers include:– Walmart, Office Depot, Home Depot, Carrefour
• Internet and standard protocols used
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• Typical results– 20 – 40% improvement in energy efficiency and
maintenance costs– 10 – 20% reduction in peak use
• Analysis and feedback– comparison between buildings and to baseline– root cause analysis– maintenance and operational recommendations
Secure cloud-based energy management with existing communication infrastructure
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 10050
100
150
200
250
300
KW
Interval
Site: 89, comparison against model, unusual usage highlighted
8/29/2009
ReferenceModel
High Usage
www.novar.com
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Automated Demand Response (OpenADR Protocol)
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OpenADR standardization underway: SGIP PAP 09 (DR and DER signals)
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• Project Implementation• Operating Center
• Customer Acquisition and Deployment
• Reporting
• CPP Tariff Creation• System Planning• Event Notification• Incentive Payment
2009 American Recovery & Reinvestment Act (ARRA) Sm art Grid Grant $11.4M DOE-funded; $22.8M total project
DOE Smart Grid Investment Grant Award
Southern California Edison (SCE)
U.S. Department of Energy
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• Reporting• Incentive Payment• Regulatory Reporting
700 SCE Customers (80 MW – Auto-DR)• > 200KW Use
• Program Participation Agreement• DR Specific Programming Change to BAS• Individual Event Participation or Opt Out
JACE Controllers• Integration with
Existing BAS• Customer Dashboard
DR Automation System (DRAS)
• Event Control• Information Dashboards
• Reporting
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Industrial smart grid application (1)
Internet
FacilityESI
C&I smart grid example:On NYISO request, a Lafarge cement processing plant in NY shuts down rock crushers—up to 22 MW.
NYISO
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EMS
Load-1 Load-n. . .
Met
er*
ESI
Rock crushers
down rock crushers—up to 22 MW. Plant production can continue with stockpiled crushed rock. EMS calculates load curtailment and submissions to NYISO; payment can occur automatically. Lafarge also participates in NYISO’s Day-Ahead Demand Response Program—scheduling maintenance during high-priced periods. $2M additional revenue (by early 2005). Proc. 27 th Industrial Energy Technology Conf., 2005
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C&I smart grid example:Alcoa Power Generation, Inc. participates in the MISO wholesale market by providing regulation of
Industrial smart grid application (2)
Internet / ISDN /
Tel.Midwest ISO
FacilityESI
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market by providing regulation of up to 25 MW as an ancillary service through control of smelter loads at Alcoa’s Warwick Plant (Indiana). APGI is reimbursed for load modulation as if the energy was generated. Total facility load is 550 MW. More than15 GW of regulation capability is available in U.S. industry. Additional capability exists for other ancillary services. http://info.ornl.gov/sites/publications/files/Pub13 833.pdf
EMS
Load-1 Load-n. . .
Met
er*
ESI
Aluminum smelter loads
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• Smart grids “beyond the meter”: the consumer connection• Successful applications in commercial and industrial sectors• Smart grids and the home• Conclusions
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Smart Grid: Residential Perspective
Utility Home Energy Manager
ExistingNetwork
Infrastructure
Broadband, WiFi,Cellular, etc.
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Manager
GeothermalSolar PHEV
Simple, easy-to-use, secure and efficient solutions using existing infrastructure
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Residential Applications Today
Baltimore Gas & Electric residential Demand Response Infrastructure (DRI) program
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• Target participation:– almost 50 percent of eligible BGE customers– 450,000 homes with central air conditioning– 160,000 homes with electric water heaters
• Target reduction:– 600 MW of peak reduction– equivalent to a mid-sized power plant
Honeywell UtilityPRO – digital touchscreen thermostat designed for demand response programs
1GW peak load reduction achieved nationwide today
Demand response and load control for homes
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Home Energy Manager Concept
Security
HVAC
Occupancy/Activity
Current/ Forecast Weather
Internet
User Interface / Portals/ SmartPhones
Pool pump
H2O
Continuous Load(highly correlated with peak)
Zwave
ZigBee/Wifi Zwave
Zig
Bee
WiF
i
Cel
lula
r
Eth
erne
t
WiF
i
Zig
Bee
/WiF
i/Zw
ave
Home Energy ManagerHome Energy Manager
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Consumer Electronics
Smart Appliances
Security System
Utility
Wireless Outlet
Meters
Lighting
Utility Interface
1. Interoperable communications2. Intuitive user Interface3. Set-and-forget controls 4. Single interface for utility
Intermittent Load
ZigBee
ZigBee
Zwave
WiFi
Zigbee orProprietary
ZigBee or PLC
ZwaveZigBee/Wifi
HEM Characteristics
Renewables
Storage
Electric Vehicles
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• Smart grids “beyond the meter”: the consumer connection• Successful applications in commercial and industrial sectors• Smart grids and the home• Conclusions
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Promoting Consumer-Sector Standards• Energy Information Standards Alliance: Companies that provide products and
services in energy management systems and smart grid technologies– covering all end-use sectors– members include Cimetrics, Delta Controls, Echelon, Emerson Network Power,
Ingersoll Rand, Honeywell, Johnson Controls, Purdue University, Rockwell Automation
• Facilitating standardization activities within SGIP– SGIP PAP10, Standard Energy Usage Information
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– SGIP PAP17: Facility Smart Grid Information Standard– ASHRAE Standard Project Committee 201; information model for utility/customer
interactions
• Several use cases defined, e.g.:– Measure Present Demand, Energy Cost, Emissions and Consumption for Display– Balance Power Purchases between Utility and On-site Generation– Manage Power Demand to Minimize Cost– Load Control by an External Source– Response to Price Signal
www.eisalliance.org
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Conclusions
• The vast majority (90+ %) of electricity generated in developed economies is consumed in end-use sectors– more attention needed for the “beyond the meter” side of smart grids
• Commercial and industrial sectors are already demonstrating the value of smart grid applications– reliance on existing infrastructure, not AMI networks
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– reliance on existing infrastructure, not AMI networks– benefits realized for utilities, system operators, consumers
• International deployments underway as well– China, U.K., Australia, . . .
• Model architectures for the residential sector– .smart meter connectivity for near-real-time consumption data
• Custom protocols and architectures in many cases– standardization essential for broad-based deployments
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Questions?
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Tariq SamadHoneywell
+1 763 954 [email protected]
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