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Transition Metal Electron Configurations• The electron configurations of the transition elements (d
block) and inner transition elements (f block) exhibit trends that differ somewhat from those of the main-group elements.
• As we move to the right across a row in the d block, the d orbitals fill as shown below.
42
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Irregular Electron Configurations (2 of 2)
• Expected
• [ ] 2 4Cr Ar 4 3s d=
• [ ] 2 9Cu Ar 4 3s d=
• [ ] 2 4Mo Kr 5 4s d=
• [ ] 2 6Ru Kr 5 4s d=
• [ ] 2 8Pd Kr 5 4s d=
• Found experimentally
• [ ] 1 5Cr Ar 4 3s d=
• [ ] 1 10Cu Ar 4 3s d=
• [ ] 1 5Mo Kr 5 4s d=
• [ ] 1 7Ru Kr 5 4s d=
• [ ] 0 10Pd Kr 5 4s d=
43
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Trend in Atomic Radius: Main Group (2 of 3)
• Atomic radius decreases across period (left to right).– Adding electrons to same valence shell– Effective nuclear charge increases– Valence shell held closer
53
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Trend in Atomic Radius: Main Group (3 of 3)
• Atomic radius increases down group.– Valence shell farther from nucleus– Effective nuclear charge fairly close
54
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Periodic Trends in Atomic Radius
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Shielding and Effective Nuclear Charge (2 of 2)
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