7/23/2019 Recuerdo de eventos traumticos
1/15
Zgbxiaikid Sbiqcv{ihdh Kdxeikd hc Kmiec
Vckscvhg hc cqcbxg{ xvds`xikg{
Zvgac{gv> Hdqih Zvci{{
Adksexdh hc Z{ikgegld
Dyshdbxc> Kvi{xidb Qd{tsc~
Des`bg{>@dbsced Hc ed Qcld
Lsieecv`g Vgnd{
Hiclg [gvidbg
Avdbki{kd Svvsxid
@dvid Ldfviced Qdecb~sced
7/23/2019 Recuerdo de eventos traumticos
2/15
C{ kg`b cb bsc{xvd {gkichdh c{kskmdv sb {ib aib hc dbkhgxd{% mi{xgvid{ y
cqcbxg{ hc xghg xizg% tsc ed{ zcv{gbd{ eecqdb cb {s vckscvhg" [gec`g{ c{xdv cb kgb{xdbxc
kgbxc`zedkib hc eg tsc gksvvc cb bsc{xvg devchchgv y {gb `g`cbxg{ kedqc{ cb eg{ tsc
gksvvcb cqcbxg{ ibc{zcvdhg{ tsc {c lvdfdb cb bsc{xvd `c gvid kg`g {skc{g{
kg`zecxd`cbxc i`zgvxdbxc{ cb bsc{xvd{ qihd{% tsc cb sb asxsvg dackxdvdb zg{ifec`cbxc
bsc{xvg dkxsdv" C{ tsc bsc{xvg kscvzg y asbkigbd`icbxg% c{xd vclihg d sb {ib aib hc
`ckdbi{ g{ y kdzdkihdhc{ tsc {gb kg`zecxd`cbxc bckc{dvid{ zdvd eecqdv sbd qihd
zxi`d" Sbd hc ceed{% c{ ed `c`gvid" C{xd% {c cbxicbhc kg`g ed kdzdkihdh zdvd vckgvhdv ed{
kg{d{ tsc mc`g{ c}zcvi`cbxdhg% i`dlibdhg y dzvcbhihg -@gvvi{ 6::3)" Lvdkid{ d ceed
zghc`g{ xcbcv kgbkicbkid hc bsc{xvd{ dkkigbc{ zd{dhd{ yd tsc c{ ed ascbxc hc vcacvcbkid
hc bsc{xvg{ dkxg{% hc bsc{xvd qihd y hc{dvvgeeg kg`g ms`dbg{ cb c{xd {gkichdh zgv eg tsc
bg{ cbxvcld ed ibagv dkib hc eg tsc {g`g{% hc hgbhc qcbi g{ y kg g hcfc`g{
hc{cbqgeqcvbg{ kgb bsc{xvg cbxgvbg" Ed `c`gvid sb `ckdbi{`g asbhd`cbxde zdvd ed qihd
hc ed{ zcv{gbd{% ed ksde xicbc sbd lvdb kg`zecnihdh tsc hc{zicvxd sb ibhshdfec ibxcv{ zgv
hc{ksfviv {s `ghg hc asbkigbdv"
Sbg hc eg{ zvi`cvg{ ibxcvc{dhg{ cb c{xc d{zckxg% asc ce z{ikeglg Mcv`dbb
Cffiblmds{% tsicb devchchgv hce {ileg ]I]% `chidbxc {s{ ibqc{xildkigbc{ fs{kd cbxcbhcv
y hc{kiavdv {s asbkigbd`icbxg y kgbxvge% hc c{xd `dbcvd eglv dxvifsivec ed i`zgvxdbkid hce
xic`zg de geqihg hc dtsceeg{ vckscvhg{ tsc de`dkcbd`g{ kgb `dygv ibxcb{ihdh" Esclg%
sb {ib aib hc asxsvg{ c}zcvi`cbxg{ zgv zdvxc hc gxvg{ z{ikeglg{% eecqdvgb d ked{iaikdved cb
kicvxd{ kdxclgvd{% hcbxvg hc ed{ ksdec{ {c cbkscbxvd ed `c`gvid czi{hikd% `c`gvid tsc
kgbxicbc ed ibagv`dkib {gfvc czi{ghig{ g c}zcvicbkid{ zcv{gbdec{ nsbxg kgb ce kgbxc}xg
c{zdkigxc`zgvde cb tsc gksvvicvgb -Vsi~Kgbxvcvd{ y Kdb{ibg% 6::3)" @{ vckicbxc`cbxc%
kicvxg{ z{ikeglg{ eildb c{xd kdxclgvd kgb ed qiqcbkid hc kicvxg{ cqcbxg{ xvds`xikg{" Mc
dts% sbd lvdb kgbxvgqcv{id avcbxc d {i c}i{xc zg{ifieihdh hce geqihg ibkgbkicbxc hc
dtsceeg{ {skc{g{ zgkg lvdxg{ cb bsc{xvd{ qihd{ g% zgv ce kgbxvdvig% c{xg{ zcv`dbckcvb
kgb{xdbxc`cbxc nsbxg d bg{gxvg{" Kdfc hckiv% tsc c{xg{ vckscvhg{ hiaicvcb cbxvc hi{xibxd{
zcv{gbd{ yd tsc hczcbhc hivckxd`cbxc hce lvdhg hc kg`zeikihdh tsc kdhd sbd mdyd xcbihg
kgb ce mckmg" Lcbcvde`cbxc {gb eg{ mckmg{ `{ qigecbxg{% eg{ tsc bg{ dackxdb cb `dygv
`chihd" Zgv eg tsc c{ kg`zecxd`cbxc vcecqdbxc zghcv eecldv d cbxcbhcv tsc xizg hc
{skc{g{ hc c{xd cbqcvldhsvd {gb eg{ tsc `cngv vckgvhd`g{ g ksdec{ {i zec`cbxc
zvcacvi`g{ cei`ibdv zgv kg`zecxg% d hc { hc eglvdv cbxcbhcv hc ts `dbcvd c{xg {c eecqd
dkdfg" Kgbg~kd
6
7/23/2019 Recuerdo de eventos traumticos
3/15
Mgy cb hd% lvdb kdbxihdh hc zcv{gbd{ bg zg{ccb vckscvhg hc {skc{g{ gksvvihg{ cb
{s bic~% tsc de {cv xvds`xikg{ mdb {ihg geqihdhg{% `icbxvd{ tsc c}i{xcb gxvg{ tsc c{xb
kgb{xdbxc`cbxc zvc{cbxc{ cb bsc{xvd `c gvid" D fg{ zghvdb eecldv d dackxdv
ibkgbkicbxc`cbxc bsc{xvg `ghg hc dkxsdv y kvcdv kicvxg{ i`zchi`cbxg{ d ed mgvd hc
vcdei~dv sbd qihd bgv`de" Zgv eg tsc c{ `sy bckc{dvig zghcv hc{kiavdv ce qcvhdhcvg gvilcb
hc c{xc zvgfec`d y ed `dbcvd hc {geskigbdveg% kgb ce aib hc cbkgbxvdv sb deiqig zdvd
dtsceed{ zcv{gbd{ tsc {savcb hc c{xg"
D kgbxibsdkib% cb c{xc ibagv`c hcxdeedvc`g{% cb zvi`cv esldv% tsc cqcbxg{ {gb
kgb{ihcvdhg{ xvds`xikg{% kg`g {gb de`dkcbdhg{ cb bsc{xvd `cbxc y ksdec{ {gb {s{
kgb{ckscbkid{ cb bg{gxvg{% zdvd esclg hdv d kgbgkcv kicvxg{ c{xshig{ y c{xdh{xikd{%
xcv`ibdhg kgb kicvxd{ xcgvd{ y xvdxd`icbxg{ tsc c{xg dkdvvcd"
Ts {gb eg{ cqcbxg{ xvds`xikg{7
[clb ce @dbsde Hidlb{xikg y C{xdh{xikg hc eg{ xvd{xgvbg{ `cbxdec{
-D`cvikdb Z{ykmidxvik D{{gkidxigb% 4936)% sb cqcbxg xvds`xikg c{ sb xvd{xgvbg hc
db{ichdh zcv{i{xcbxc hc mizcvqiliedbkid y kgbhskxd{ hc cqixdkib afikd% d`cbd~dbhg ed
kgbaidb~d zcv{gbde" C{xd {c zvc{cbxd ksdbhg sbd zcv{gbd {savc sb {mgko c`gkigbde%
`skmd{ qckc{ geqihdbhg ce mckmg% zd{dbhg zgv sb zcvghg hc {c`iibkgb{kicbkid" Eg{
cqcbxg{ xvds`xikg{ {c vcedkigbdb cb lvdb `chihd kgb ascvxc{ mckmg{ hc qigecbkid%
kicvxd`cbxc ksdbhg sbd zcv{gbd c{ qigecbxdhd% yd {cd a{ikd`cbxc g z{ikgelikd`cbxc
hiakie`cbxc zghv geqihdv ce xvds`d qiqihg" Eecqdv hc zgv qihd c{d {cb{dkib hc dbls{xid
y hc {cbxiv{c d ibgvdhg avcbxc de vc{xg% `skmd{ qckc{ ibkes{g hc{dvvgeedbhg kvi{i{
z{ikgelikd{ `gxiqdhd{ zgv ce vckscvhg zcv{i{xcbxc hc mdfcv{c {cbxihg qigecbxdhg"
Ed zcv{gbd tsc {savc hc c{xc xvd{xgvbg de vckgvhdv ce xvds`d {c {icbxc
hc{c{zcvdb~dhd y `ichg{d% yd tsc% bsc{xvd ihcbxihdh c{x qibksedhd d bsc{xvg{ vckscvhg{"
Hc `dbcvd xde% tsc {i sbd zcv{gbd bg vckscvhd kicvxd zdvxc hc {s qihd% zicvhc ce {cbxihg hc
{s ihcbxihdh cb c{xd" Zgv c{xg {c hikc tsc ed `c`gvid c{ kgbaidfec md{xd kicvxg zsbxg% ficb
{cd zgv bg vckgvhdv kg{d{ g zgv vckgvhdved{ hc agv d ibkgvvckxd" Ed `c`gvid c{x
ascvxc`cbxc ibaescbkidhd zgv gxvd{ zcv{gbd{ y {ixsdkigbc{ -@ycv{% 6::3)"
C{xd ibkdzdkihdh hc vckghdv eg{ mckmg{ {c hcfc d tsc hcfihg d ed c}zg{ikib hc
sb xvds`d% {c hdd ed `c`gvid czi{hikd% yd tsc% c{ zvgfdfec tsc ed zcv{gbd dackxdhd bg
vckscvhc cb agv`d hcxdeedhd eg{ {skc{g{" @skmd{ qckc{ vckgb{xvsycb eg {skchihg d zdvxiv
hc vcedxg{ hc zcv{gbd{ c}xcvbd{ tsc c{xsqicvgb cb dtsce `g`cbxg"
;
7/23/2019 Recuerdo de eventos traumticos
4/15
Ed `c`gvid czi{hikd {c vcaicvc d ed kdzdkihdh hc de`dkcbdv vckscvhg{ hc sb
`g`cbxg y esldv c{zckaikg -@gvvi{% 6::3% z"6;8)" Lcbcvde`cbxc eg{ ibhiqihsg{ esclg hc
sb dkkihcbxc xvds`xikg zicvhcb ed kdzdkihdh hc vckgvhdv eg{ {skc{g{ c{zckaikg{% ibkes{g
hsvdbxc `skmg{ dg{"
Xd`fib {c vcksvvc d ed `c`gvid hc xizg c`gkigbde% yd tsc% c{xc xizg hc
dkkihcbxc{ kgbeecqd sbd ascvxc kdvld hc c`gkigbc{% yd {cd de vckgvhdv eg {skchihg g {cv
c{xi`sedhg zgv {cdec{ tsc vckscvhcb ce mckmg" Ksdbhg gksvvc sb cqcbxg xvds`xikg ed
`cbxc mdkc d{gkidkigbc{ kgb i`lcbc{% gegvc{% {cbxi`icbxg{% {gbihg{% vcedkigbdhg{ kgb ce
xvds`d? zgv c{xg {cb{dkigbc{ {i`iedvc{ d ed{ c}zcvi`cbxdhd{ hsvdbxc ce dkkihcbxc zschc
mdkcv tsc ed zcv{gbd vckscvhc hc ib`chidxg eg {skchihg" Ed `dygvd hc ed{ qckc{ c{xg{
vckscvhg{ bg {gb kgvvckxg{% {c ec{ hcbg`ibd ade{g{ vckscvhg{% yd tsc ed `cbxc cb
f{tschd hc ed qcvhdh d qckc{ ed vckgb{xvsyc d zdvxiv hc ade{chdhc{ -@ycv{% 6::3)? c{
ksdbhg ed{ zcv{gbd{ kvcdb sbd mi{xgvid zdvd kg`zecxdv eg{ qdkig{ cb eg{ vckscvhg{% `skmd{
qckc{ eg{ dkkihcbxdhg{ kvccb aiv`c`cbxc tsc c{xg{ ade{g{ vckscvhg{ {gb vcdec{"
Xvd{ gksvvihg sb cqcbxg xvds`xikg ed `cbxc `dbiaic{xd hc{xceeg{ hc `c`gvid%
ksdbhg vckgvhd`g{ hc `dbcvd vzihd y zvcki{d kicvxg{ dkgbxcki`icbxg{ tsc `dvkdvgb
{skc{g{ i`zgvxdbxc{ g {ilbiaikdxiqg{% c{xg{ {c `dbiaic{xdb ibkes{g `skmg{ dg{ hc{zs{ hc
eg gksvvihg -Hdqih{gb y Lei{oy% 6::6? @gvvi{% 6::3)"
C{ zg{ifec geqihdv sb xvds`d {savihg hsvdbxc ed ibadbkid% fdng kicvxd{
kivksb{xdbkid{" Zgv cnc`zeg% eg{ {skc{g{ gksvvihg{ hsvdbxc ed bic~ xc`zvdbd% c{ hckiv%
fdng eg{ hg{ g xvc{ dg{% c{ `sy zvgfdfec tsc bg {cdb vckgvhdhg{" Mdy `skmd{ zcv{gbd{
tsc bg vckscvhdb eg {skchihg hsvdbxc {s bic~% d zc{dv tsc {c hc`sc{xvc tsc eg{ mckmg{
vcde`cbxc gksvvicvgb -Vgxm y Avich`db% 499=)" Zgv cnc`zeg% `skmg{ dhsexg{ tsc ascvgb
qigecbxdhg{ {c}sde cbxc hsvdbxc ed ibadbkid bg vckscvhdb ce dfs{g hsvdbxc sb lvdb
zcvghg hc xic`zg% ibkes{g hkdhd{"
Mdy hi{xibxd{ ad{c{ tsc xicbcb ed{ zcv{gbd{ hc{zs{ hce cqcbxg xvds`xikg
-Ldfgvix% 6::1) xdec{ kg`g ed Vcc}zcvi`cbxdkib tsc {c vcaicvc d ed cxdzd cb ed tsc ed
zcv{gbd esclg hc {skchihg ed c}zcvicbkid xvds`xikd% qsceqc vcqiqived cb {s `cbxc" Esclg
c{x ed Cqixdkib tsc kgb{i{xc tsc de ibxcbxdv vckgvhdv% ed `cbxc vcm{d hc ed {ixsdkib" Zgv
exi`g% {c cbkscbxvdb eg{ C{xdhg{ hi{gkidxiqg{% zcvghg cb tsc {c zvc{cbxdb dexcvdkigbc{
hc ed kgbkicbkid% ed zcv{gbd bg vckscvhd kedvd`cbxc ce cqcbxg xvds`xikg" Xd`fib {c
zvc{cbxdb vcdkkigbc{ {cksbhdvid{ kg`g db{ichdh% hczvc{ib% ksezdfieihdh y fdnd
dsxgc{xi`d"
8
7/23/2019 Recuerdo de eventos traumticos
5/15
Hbhc {c de`dkcbdb eg{ cqcbxg{ xvds`xikg{ y ts kgb{ckscbkid{ xvdcb
Eg{ ibhiqihsg{ {c cbavcbxdb hidvig d kicbxg{ hc c{x seg{ hc {s `chig
kivksbhdbxc" C{xg{ {gb zvgkc{dhg{ zgv ed `c`gvid y de`dkcbdhg{" Xghg eg tsc
dzvcbhc`g{ {c vcli{xvd cb ce cbkadeg cb ed agv`d hc kd`fig{ cb ce xd`dg% agv`d%
asbkigbd`icbxg ts`ikg y kgbc}ib cbxvc bcsvgbd{" -@gvvi{ y @di{xg% 6::3)" D hidvig
ksdbhg vckgvhd`g{ delg tsc c}zcvi cbxd`g{% c{ zgvtsc eg mc`g{ de`dkcbdhg y eg
mc`g{ vckszcvdhg" Bsc{xvd `c`gvid c{x kgb{xdbxc`cbxc c{zcvdbhg sb i`zse{g zdvd
vckszcvdv eg{ hiacvcbxc{ cqcbxg{ tsc c}i{xcb de`dkcbdhg{"
Ibqc{xildkib kgbxc`zgvbcd dzsbxd d tsc hi{xibxd{ vcd{ hc ed kgvxc~d zvgkc{db
{i`sexbcd`cbxc ed ibagv`dkib vcedxiqd d hi`cb{igbc{ c{zckaikd{ hce `sbhg" Zgv cbhc
zdvckc vd~gbdfec zcb{dv tsc ce de`dkcbd icbxg hc eg{ cqcbxg{ {c egkdei~d cb vcd{
c{zckaikd{ hce kcvcfvg" Cbxgbkc{ bsc{xvg{ vckscvhg{ xicbcb sbd sfikdkib hcxcv`ibdhd
tsc hczcbhc hc ed bdxsvdec~d hce `dxcvide tsc {c c{x dzvcbhicbhg y hce {i{xc`d bcsvgbde
c{zckaikg tsc mdyd zvgkc{dhg ed ibagv`dkib -Aceh`db% 499=)
Eg{ cqcbxg{ xvds`xikg{ tschdb vcli{xvdhg{ cb ed `c gvid zgv `skmg{ dg{%
ibkes{g zgv bsc{xvd qihd cbxcvd" Ed{ zcv{gbd{ xicbcb i`lcbc{ qiqihd{% {cb{dkigbc{ y
c`gkigbc{ hc ed {ixsdkib xvds`xikd tsc qiqicvgb" C{xc vckscvhg bg md kd`fidhg% c{
kg`g sbd agxglvdad lsdvhdhd cb bsc{xvd `c`gvid"
Ed d lhded nscld sb zdzce zvi`gvhide" C{xd c{ vc{zgb{dfec hc agv dv eg{
vckscvhg{ c`gkigbdec{ zdvxiksedvc{ tsc mdb {ihg vcedkigbdhg{ kg`g {ixsdkigbc{
zceilvg{d{" C{xd{ ibxcvzvcxdkigbc{ c`gkigbdec{ {c kgb{ihcvd tsc {gb ibhcecfec{% c{ hckiv%
`sy hiakiec{ hc c}xiblsiv -qdb hcv Ogeo% 6::
7/23/2019 Recuerdo de eventos traumticos
6/15
hc ed i`dlcb qi{sde hc c{xc `i{`g" Ed hi{`ibskib cb ce vcd hc Fvgkd% zvgqgkd tsc ed{
zcv{gbd{ de `g`cbxg hc qcvfdei~dv ce xvds`d `skmd{ qckc{ ec{ {cd i`zg{ifec mdkcveg"
Ed{ c}zcvicbkid{ xvds`xikd{ hc eg{ ibhiqihsg{ zschcb xcbcv hiacvcbxc{
kgb{ckscbkid{ y hczcbhcb hc ed agv`d cb tsc {c dee dfgvhdhg cb ce `g`cbxg g ksde asc
ed ibxcb{ihdh"
Zcvg ksdbhg sbd c}zcvicbkid tsc zschc i`zeikdv hgegv% qcvlcb~d% ichg% mgvvgv
g zbikg c{ dfvs`dhgvd zgv {s ibxcb{ihdh% zschc gksvviv tsc ce {i{xc`d bcvqig{g bg c{x
cb kgbhikigbc{ hc cedfgvdv sbd vc{zsc{xd hc kgbxvge" Cb kgb{ckscbkid% ce {i{xc`d hc
zvcqcbkib y hcacb{d {c `dbxicbc cb c{xdhg hc decvxd zcv`dbcbxc y% d zdvxiv hc c{c
`g`cbxg% ed `{ zctscd {ixsdkib tsc vckscvhc ce mckmg xvds`xikg hi{zdvd xghd ed
fdxcvd hc c{x seg{ zdvd vcdkkigbdv kg`g {i c{xsqicvd hcacbhibhg{c hc ed `i{ d
`dbcvd kg`g eg mi~g ed zvi`cvd qc~" Cb c{xd {ixsdkib% ed{ vcdkkigbc{ {c mdkcb
ibdhcksdhd{ y ed zcv{gbd zschc tschdv fegtscdhd% zdvdei~dhd% ibhcacb{d"
-Kgb{ckscbkid{ hce xvds`d% 6:44)
Ed zcv{gbd zschc c}zcvi`cbxdv kvi{i{ db{ig{d% {scg{ g zc{dhieed{ hsvdbxc ed
bgkmc xvd{ ce cqcbxg" Xd`fib zghvdb eecldv d {cbxiv dbls{xid% `ichg% zbikg% dlvc{iqihdh%
bcldkib% zvhihd hce kgbxvge c`gkigbde% cb gkd{igbc{ {ib kgbkicbkid hc tsc ce kds{dbxc
c{ ce cqcbxg xvds`xikg" Eg{ ibhiqihsg{ ksdbhg {c cbavcbxdb d {ixsdkigbc{ tsc cqgkdb ce
vckscvhg hce xvds`d gvilibde% kg`g bg{ vcacvd`g{ dbxc{% zvghskcb kicvxd{ vcdkkigbc{
z{ikgai{igelikd{ tsc {gb hc kdvkxcv {i`iedv g ilsde de hce cqcbxg gvilibde" Hc c{xd agv`d
ed{ zcv{gbd{ zschcb c}zcvi`cbxdv {cb{dkigbc{ xdb hgegvg{d{ avcbxc de xvds`d% tsc xvd{
`skmg{ dg{ hce cqcbxg c{xd{ kgbxibdb c{agv~bhg{c zgv cqixdv cbavcbxdv{c d {ixsdkigbc{
{i`iedvc{ zdvd {gvxcdv ed {cb{dkib zvgqgkdhd" -qdb hcv Ogeo% 6::
7/23/2019 Recuerdo de eventos traumticos
7/15
hidvig qiqiv% zgv hc{xvsiv ed{ hc kd{d% g zvhihd{ ms`dbd{" D{dexg{% kg`g d`cbd~d{ hc
`scvxc g dkg{g{ tsc kds{db xc`gv cb ce ibhiqihsg" Dfs{g{ {c}sdec{ d biqce hc ed ibadbkid
g cb ed{ dhgec{kcbkid{ tsc c{xb dkg`zddhd{ zgv qigecbkid a{ikd{" Zgv exi`g dkxg{
xcvvgvi{xd{ y lscvvd{% tsc kgb`scqcb d biqce `dygv hc zd{c{ kgb kgb{ckscbkid{ `dygvc{
cb zvhihd{ xdbxg hc ibavdc{xvskxsvd% ms`dbd{ y ckgb`ikd{"
C{xshig {gfvc ed `c`gvid xvds`xikd>
Ed `c`gvid nscld sb zdzce kvskide cb bsc{xvd qihd% hcfihg d tsc c{ ce kcbxvg tsc
lsdvhd bsc{xvd{ c}zcvicbkid{" Fdvkedy y [`ixm -4996)% zvgzs{icvgb sb `ghceg hc ed
`c`gvid dsxgfiglvaikd tsc {c vcedkigbdfd kgb ed adkieihdh zdvd vckgvhdv c}zcvicbkid{
qiqihd{% lcbcvde`cbxc zg{ixiqd{% kdvldhd{ hc c`gkib" Kdfc `cbkigbdv tsc {c kvcc tsc
hczcbhc hce c{xdhg hc bi`g hc ed zcv{gbd y xd`fib hc ed{ kivksb{xdbkid{ eg tsc
cqcbxsde`cbxc {c vckgvhdv -Fg|cv% 49=4% 49=
7/23/2019 Recuerdo de eventos traumticos
8/15
Zdvxikizdvgb 1: zcv{gbd{ cb ce c{xshig" Hc c{d{% 34 Cvdb `sncvc{ kgb sbd chdh
cbxvc 63 d 6= dg{ y bscqc mg`fvc{ kgb sbd chdh hc 63 dg{" Cb ce zvgkchi`icbxg% eg{
{sncxg{ xcbdb tsc hc{kvifiv sb mckmg dsxgfiglvaikg y sb kscbxg acei~" Aibde`cbxc%
xg`dbhg cb kscbxd hiacvcbxc{ d{zckxg{ kg`g ed hcaibikib% ed ibagv`dkib {cb{gvide% eg{
hcxdeec{ y hczcbhicbhg hc ed{ mi{xgvid{% {c zshg kg`zvgfdv ed mizxc{i{ `cbkigbdhd cb
tsc ed `c`gvid xvds`xikd bg {c hiacvcbkid hc ed dsxgfiglvaikd kg`g {c kvcd
dbxcvigv cbxc" Zgv gxvg edhg% {c zshg cqihcbkidv tsc ed{ zcv{gbd{ vckgvhdvgb eg{ cqcbxg{
xvds`xikg{ hc `dbcvd caikicbxc y hc mckmg delsbg{ hincvgb zg{ccv ed kdzdkihdh zdvd
vckgvhdv `cngv c{xg{ cqcbxg{ tsc eg{ aceikc{" Xd`fib% {c kg`zvgf tsc cvd kicvxg tsc eg{
cqcbxg{ xvds`xikg{ cvdb `{ hiakiec{ hc bdvvdv"
C{xdh{xikd{ hc cqcbxg{ xvds`xikd{
Mdy cqcbxg{ xvds`xikg{ zvghskihg{ zgv ce mg`fvc kg`g {cvidb ed{ lscvvd{% eg{
dxdtsc{ xcvvgvi{xd{ y zgv gxvg edhg {c cbkscbxvdb eg{ hc{d{xvc{ bdxsvdec{% {c kvcc
kg`b`cbxc tsc eg{ msceed{ tsc {c lcbcvdb hc{zs{ hc zcvkifiv ce zvi`cvg {gb zvgasbhd{
y hsvdhcvd % `dvkdhd{ zgv sb {cbxi`icbxg bdkigbde ascvxc hcfihg d tsc {gb eg{ `i{`g{
ms`dbg{ kgb vcdei~db dkkigbc{ ibxcbkigbdhd{ bg kgvvckxd{% zgv ce gxvg edhg xd`fib {c
lcbcvdb c`gkigbc{ `sy hgegvg{d{ zcvg {c zicb{d cb tsc bg zschcb {cv cqixdhd{ y c{ ed
`dhvc bdxsvdec~d ed tsc bg{ zvgqgkd {ixsdkigbc{ xcvvifec{" Hc{zs{ hc cqcbxg{ xdb
i`zgvxdbxc{ d biqce hc ed mi{xgvid kg`g ascvgb ed{ fg`fd{ cb ce `cxvg hc @dhvih cb ce dg
4998 y ed{ xgvvc{ lc`ced{ cb S[D cb ce 6::4"
Fd{xdbxc{ c{xshig{ {c mdb cbagkdhg c{zckide`cbxc cb qcv ed{ kgb{ckscbkid{
z{ikgelikd{ hc ed{ xgvvc{ lc`ced{% y {c md cbkgbxvdhg kgb sbd dexg biqce hc hczvc{ib
cbxvc eg{ mdfixdbxc{ hc c{xc zd{% sb xc`gv d tsc qcbldb bscqg{ cqcbxg{ y sb `{ hc sb
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Cbxvc eg{ cackxg{ `{ i`zdkxdbxc{ hc c{xc c{xshig cbkgbxvd`g{ ed ascvxc kvckihd cb
`chikd`cbxg{ xdbxg xvdbtsiei~dbxc{% dbdel{ikg{% xdfdkg% hc mckmg md{xd {c cbkgbxvdvgb
kiavd{ cb tsc {gfvczd{dfdb cb `{ hce 3: # tsc dbxc{ hce dkgbxcki`icbxg -@ilsceXgfde
cx de"% 6::8)" Cbxvc eg{ vc{sexdhg{ z{ikgelikg{ hc @ilsceXgfde cx de" -6::8)
cbkgbxvd`g{>
Sb 4:%9# -=%=4;%;) hc ed zgfedkib lcbcvde zbikg g kvi{i{ hc dbls{xid" Ed
dackxdkib asc `{ hc 6 qckc{ {szcvigv cb `sncvc{ tsc cb qdvgbc{% ce 48%1# avcbxc de
1%=#" Eg{ {bxg`d{ `{ avckscbxc{ cbxvc eg{ tsc {savicvgb dxdtsc zbikg ascvgb> {cbxiv{c
mgvvgvi~dhg g dxcvvgvi~dhg -11%1#)% kgb `ichg g d{s{xdhg -3=%6#)% tsc ce xic`zg
zd{dfd `sy ecbxd`cbxc g vzihd`cbxc -38%=#)% {cbxiv{c ibhcacb{g -36%9#)% kg`g {i bg
c{xsqic{c zd{dbhg cb vcdeihdh -8:%8#)% xc`fegv g dlixdkib -4=%=#)% zdezixdkigbc{
-4=%;#)% ibhiacvcbxc g kg`g {i ascvd sb {scg -43%=#)% kgb `ichg d `gviv -48%8#)% kgb
hiaiksexdhc{ zdvd vc{zivdv -4:%=#)% {shgvdkib -4:%6#)" -@ilsceXgfde cx de"% 6::8%
z"4
7/23/2019 Recuerdo de eventos traumticos
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vckgb{xvskkib hce mckmg -[km`ihx% 6::8)" Dhc`{ {c md gf{cvqdhg tsc ed{ c`gkigbc{
ibxcb{d{ zvgqgkdb sb lvdb i`zdkxg cb ed `c`gvid xvds`xikd% ibaesycbhg cb {i ce vckscvhg
{cv `sy qqihg g ibqd{iqg% g% zgv ce kgbxvdvig% bg {cv vc`c`gvdhg cb df{gesxg -Vsi~
Qdvld{% 6::8)" Dsb d{% {c md hikmg tsc cb lcbcvde eg{ {skc{g{ dsxgfiglvaikg{ kgb sbd
i`zeikdkib c`gkigbde i`zgvxdbxc {c vckscvhdb `cngv tsc eg{ mckmg{ vsxibdvig{ kgb fdnd
i`zeikdkib c`gkigbde% eg ksde bg c{ {ilbiaikdhg hc tsc eg{ vckscvhg{ {cdb c}dkxg{ g bg
{c hcxcvigvcb kgb ce zd{g hce xic`zg -Xdedvikg% EdFdv y Vsfib% 6::8)"
Gxvg zsbxg d kgb{ihcvdv cb ce c{xshig hc eg{ vckscvhg{ hc cqcbxg{ xvds`xikg{ c{
cb qibksedkib d eg{ vckscvhg{ vckszcvdhg{" C{xg{ kgb{i{xcb cb ed zg{ifieihdh hc tsc
ksdbhg ed lcbxc c}zcvi`cbxd sb mckmg xvds`xikg% esclg zicvhd xghd ihcd hce `i{`g% zdvd
hc{zs{ qgeqcv d vckszcvdveg -@gvvi{% 6::3)" Zcvg ed qcvdkihdh hc xde acb`cbg bg {c md
eglvdhg kg`zvgfdv% c ibkes{g c{ vcasxdhd hikicbhg tsc cb vcdeihdh {xd{ {cvdb `c`gvid{
lcbcvdhd{ g ade{d{ `c`gvid{ -Egaxs{% 499;? Egaxs{ y Hdqic{% 6::1? Egaxs{ y Ocxkmd`%
4994)" Dsbtsc% zgv ce kgbxvdvig% c}i{xcb tsicbc{ daiv`db ed c}i{xcbkid hc c{xd {ixsdkib
-@kBdeey% 6::;)" Zgv eg xdbxg% bg mdy kedvihdh dkxsde`cbxc {gfvc c{xc xc`d% zgv eg tsc {c
hcfc {cv ksihdhg{g de `g`cbxg hc cbavcbxdveg{ y d{ cqixdv tsc {c h zgv vcde sb mckmg
tsc cb vcdeihdh zghvd bg mdfcv c}i{xihg -@gvvi{% 6::3)"
Xvdxd`icbxg{
Hcfihg d tsc cb lcbcvde eg{ vckscvhg{ hc cqcbxg{ xvds`xikg{ zschcb zvgqgkdv sb
xvd{xgvbg zgv c{xv{ zg{x xvds`xikg -XCZX)% {c vcqi{dvb delsbg{ xvdxd`icbxg{
kgb{ihcvdhg{ kg`g eg{ `{ caikdkc{ -@db~dbcvg% 6:4:)" [c mdv sbd fvcqc vcqi{ib {gfvc
eg tsc c{ sb xvdxd`icbxg hc c}zg{ikib% esclg {c c}zgbhvb kd{g{ zdvxiksedvc{ hc {xd
xcvdzid kg`g eg {gb ce cbxvcbd`icbxg cb ibgksedkib hce c{xv{% ed c}zg{ikib zvgegbldhd
y ce HV@G g Hc{cb{ifiei~dkib y Vczvgkc{d`icbxg hce @gqi icbxg Gksedv -`{
kgbgkihg zgv {s{ {iled{ cb ible{ kg`g C@HV) y% zgv exi`g% {c mdv vcacvcbkid d ed
Xcvdzid Kglbixiqd" C{ bckc{dvig `cbkigbdv tsc c}i{xcb `{ `xghg{ zdvd xvdxdv ce
`cbkigbdhg xvd{xgvbg kg`g eg {gb ce adv dkgelikg% ed mizbgxcvdzid% cbxvc gxvg{
-Flscbd% 6::4)"
Eg{ xvdxd`icbxg{ hc c}zg{ikib kgb{i{xcb c}zgbcv de {sncxg tsc zg{cc ce XCZX% y
zgv kgb{ilsicbxc% vckscvhg{ xvds`xikg{% hc `dbcvd kgbxibsd d eg{ c{x`seg{ tsc cqgkdb
eg{ vckscvhg{ y {cb{dkigbc{ d{gkidhd{ d c{xc cqcbxg xvds`xikg% xcbicbhg kg`g gfncxiqg
hi{`ibsiv ce zbikg y hgegv tsc c{xc zvgqgkd" Cb lcbcvde c{xg{ xvdxd`icbxg{ qdvdb {clb
ed agv`d hc zvc{cbxdv ce c{x`seg% ed ibxcb{ihdh hc ed zvc{cbxdkib y ce kgbxc}xg -Zvc~%
4:
7/23/2019 Recuerdo de eventos traumticos
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Q{tsc~% 6::4)" Cb ce kd{g hce cbxvcbd`icbxg cb ibgksedkib hce c{xv{% c{xc kgb{i{xc cb ed
dhtsi{ikib y zg{xcvigv dzeikdkib hc mdfieihdhc{ hc cbavcbxd`icbxg% kgb xkbikd{ xdec{
kg`g vcedndkib `s{ksedv zvgasbhd% nsclg hc vgec{% hcxcbkib hc zcb{d`icbxg% cbxvc gxvd{
-Flscbd% 6::4)" Zgv gxvg edhg% c{x C@HV tsc kgb{i{xc cb ed ibxclvdkib hc
kg`zgbcbxc{ y cec`cbxg{ hc gxvd{ xcvdzid{ cb kgbnsbxg kgb sbd c{xi`sedkib fiedxcvde hc
`dbcvd gksedv% {gbgvd g xkxie% eg ksde {i`sedvd eg tsc {skchc cb ed ad{c hce {scg VC@%
zsc{xg tsc c{ dm ksdbhg {c ibxclvdb ed{ c}zcvicbkid{ hidvid{% zgv eg tsc zcv`ixivd
hc{cb{ifiei~dv y vczvgkc{dv eg{ xvds`d{ zvghskxg hce {skc{g xvds`xikg" Cb ddhihsvd {c
hcfc `cbkigbdv tsc c{xc `xghg md {ihg dexd`cbxc cackxiqg zdvd ed vc{geskib hce XCZX
-Bdqd{% 6:44)" Dhc`{% {c cbkscbxvd ed c}zg{ikib zvgegbldhd% ed ksde xd`fib md {ihg
ibhikdhd kg`g `sy cackxiqd cb ce xvdxd icbxg hc c{xc xvd{xgvbg% tsc xvdxd {gfvc ed
c}zg{ikib cb ed i`dlibdkib y cb qiqg% zdvd d{ vcqiqiv y cbavcbxdv ce xvds`d zvgqgkdhg
zgv cqcbxg{ xvds`xikg{ -Flscbd% 6::4)" Zgv exi`g% xde kg`g c}zeikd Flscbd -6::4)%
{c cbkscbxvd ed Xcvdzid Kglbixiqd tsc {c fd{d cb ed ihcd tsc ed{ zcv{gbd{ ibxcvzvcxdb ce
{skc{g% {icbhg c{xg eg tsc hcxcv`ibd eg{ c{xdhg{ c`gkigbdec{ y eg{ zcb{d icbxg{
hc{dhdzxdxiqg{" C{xg ibkixd d sbd vcc{xvskxsvdkib kglbixiqd tsc kgb{i{xc cb tsc eg{
dackxdhg{ ihcbxiaitscb {s{ zcb{d`icbxg{ dhdzxdxiqg{% esclg eg{ cqdecb% hcxcv`ibdbhg {s
qdeihc~% zdvd aibde`cbxc {s{xixsiveg{ zgv sbg{ `{ elikg{"
Kg`g yd mc`g{ qi{xg cb ce hc{dvvgeeg hc ed ibqc{xildkib% eg{ cqcbxg{ xvds`xikg{
xicbcb hiacvcbxc{ kgb{ckscbkid{ zdvd eg{ ibhiqihsg{" C{xd{ zschc{ {cv ecqc{ g lvdqc{
hczcbhicbhg hc ed ibxcb{ihdh" Eg{ xvdxd`icbxg{ zschcb eecldv d {cv `sy cackxiqg{ cb
`skmg{ kd{g{" Kg`g lvszg kgb{ihcvd`g{ tsc eg{ cqcbxg{ xvds`xikg{ zvgqgkdb
ibbs`cvdfec{ vcdkkigbc{% tsc cb kd{g{ zschcb dexcvdv ed qihd hc eg{ zdkicbxc{" Zgv c{g
c{xg{ hcfcb xvdxdv{c zdvd {szcvdv ed{ kgb{ckscbkid{ zvgqgkdhd{ zdvd d{ zghcv qgeqcv d
xcbcv sbd qihd bgv`de% {ib sbd kgbxdbxc vcdzdvikib hce vckscvhg xvds`xikg"
44
7/23/2019 Recuerdo de eventos traumticos
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Fifeiglvdad
D`cvikdb Z{ykmidxvik D{{gkidxigb -4936)"@dbsde hc Hidlb{xikg y C{xdh{xikg
hc eg{ xvd{xgvbg{ `cbxdec{" C{xdhg{ Sbihg{"
Flscbd% @"N" -6::4)" Xvdxd`icbxg{ z{ikgelikg{ caikdkc{ zdvd ce c{xv{ zg{x
xvds`xikg"Z{ikgxmc d" 4;-;)% Vckszcvdhg ce < hc nsbig hc 6:44% hc
mxxz>''|||"z{ikgxmc`d"kg`
Fdeec{xcvg{"[ -4999)> @c`gvid ms`dbd> Ibqc{xildkib y xcgvd% Vckszcvdhg ce ''|||"z{ikgxmc`d"kg`'zha';6;"zha
Fdvkedy%K"V" ! [`ixm%X"[" -4996)> Dsxgfiglvdzmikde vc`c`fcvibl> Kvcdxibl
zcv{gbde ksexsvc" Cb @"D" Kgb|dy% H"K" Vsfib% M" [zibbecv y \" \dlcbddv
-Ch{")> Xmcgvcxikde zcv{zckxiqc{ gb dsxgfiglvdzmikde `c`gvy" Bdxg D[I [cvic{"
Egbhgb> Oes|cv Dkdhc`ik Zsf"
Fc{{ce D" qdb hcv Ogeo% -6::''|||"c`hvc{"gvl'c`hv"mx
Fg|cv% L"M" -49=4)> @ggh dbh `c`gvy" D`cvikdb Z{ykmgegli{x% ;1% 46948="
Fg|cv% L"M" -49= Kg``cbxdvy gb `ggh dbh `c`gvy" Fcmdqigsv Vc{cdvkm
dbh Xmcvdzy% 63% 88;833"
Kmvi{xidb{gb%["D" -4996)" C`gxigbde {xvc{{ dbh cyc|ixbc{{ `c`gvy> D kvixikde
vcqic|"Z{ykmgeglikde Fseecxib% 446% 6=8;:9
Keibikd Hd`% -{"a) Cqcbxg{ xvds`xikg{ Vckszcvdhg ce < hc nsbig hc 6:44% hc
mxxz>''|||"keibikdhd`"kg`'{desh'3'::4968"mx`e
Hdqih{gb% Z"["V"% ! Lei{oy% C"E" -6::6)" I{ aed{mfsef `c`gvy d {zckide ib{xdbkc
ga {gsvkc `c`gvy7 Cqihcbkc avg` gehcv dhsex{"@c`gvy% 4:% 99444"
Aceh`db V" -499=)Z{ikgegld kgb dzeikdkigbc{ d eg{ zd{c{ hc mdfed mi{zdbd" -;
ch")" @}ikg> @kLvd|Miee"
Ldfgvix% @" -6::1)" Hc{d{xvc{ y xvds`d z{ikgelikg" Zcb{d`icbxg Z{ikgelikg"
6-
7/23/2019 Recuerdo de eventos traumticos
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Ygvo Kixy daxcv xmc [czxc`fcv 44xm xcvvgvi{x dxxdko{" D`cvikdb Ngsvbde ga
Czihc igegly% 43=% 34836"
Egaxs{% C"A" -499;)" Xmc vcdeixy ga vczvc{{ch `c`gvic{"D`cvikdb Z{ykmgegli{x%
8=% 34=3; [x" @dvxib,{"
@db~dbcvg% D"E" -6:4:)"@c`gvid hc xc{xilg{> Gfxcbkib y qdegvdkib hc ed
zvscfd xc{xiaikde" @dhvih> Ziv`ihc"
@db~dbcvg% D"E" ! Ezc~%F" - 6::< )" Kdvdkxcv{xikd{ hc eg{ vckscvhg{
dsxgfiglvaikg{ {gfvc {skc{g{ xvds`xikg{"Fgecxb hc Z{ikgegld" 9:% ''|||"`chilvdzmik"kg`'zha{'{de`cb'{d`6::6'{d`:63l"zha
Zvc~% Z% ! Q{tsc~% K" -6::4)"Vckgbkczxsdei~dv ed z{ikgegld hce xvds`d hc{hc
eg{ vcksv{g{ zg{ixiqg{> Sbd qi{ib dexcvbdxiqd" 6hg" Kgblvc{g Qivxsde hc
Z{itsidxvd% Ibxcvz{itsi{% Sbiqcv{ixdx hc Fdvkcegbd% C{zdd"
Vch Xvds`d -{"a) Cqcbxg{ xvds`xikg{% Vckszcvdhg ce < hc nsbig hc 6:44% hc
mxxz>''|||"ad`iey`cdexi`c"gvlmxxz>''|||"vchxvds`d"ke'kgbxcbx'qic|';3'6'
4;
http://www.annualreviews.org/http://www.medigraphic.com/pdfs/salmen/sam-2002/sam025g.pdfhttp://www.redtrauma.cl/content/view/35/2/http://www.annualreviews.org/http://www.medigraphic.com/pdfs/salmen/sam-2002/sam025g.pdfhttp://www.redtrauma.cl/content/view/35/2/7/23/2019 Recuerdo de eventos traumticos
14/15
Vgxm% [" ! Avich`db% @"N" -499=)" Kmiehmggh Xvds`d Vc`c`fcvch> D Vczgvx gb
xmc Ksvvcbx [kicbxiaik Obg|echlc Fd{c dbh Ix{ Dzzeikdxigb{"Ngsvbde ga Kmieh
[c}sde Dfs{c%
Vckgb{xvskxiqc cvvgv{ dbh c`gxigbde i`zdiv`cbx ga `c`gvy"@c`gvy dbh
Kglbixigb% ;6-;)% 88;838"
Xdedvikg% N"@"% EdFdv O"[" ! Vsfib% H"K" -6::8)" C`gxigbde ibxcb{ixy zvchikx{
dsxgfiglvdzmikde `c`gvy c}zcvicbkc"@c`gvy dbh Kglbixigb% ;6-
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15/15
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