Principles of ChemistryAgenda

•Review names and collect homework•Review elements•Safety Review•Class notes on Chemistry

Homework

Pass down signed safety contract!

H

hydrogen

Mg

magnesium

Li

lithium

Ca

calcium

Na

sodium

Ba

barium

K

potassium

Be

beryllium

Sr

strontium

Mg

magnesium

Li

lithium

Sr

strontium

Na

sodium

Be

beryllium

K

potassium

Ba

barium

Ca

calcium

H

hydrogen

Safety Rules Review

• Where is the fire extinguisher?• Where is the eye wash?• Where do we meet in case of a fire?• Where is the shower?• Where is the fire blanket?• Where is the phone?• Where is your nearest exit?

CHEMISTRY

Date:

Chemistry

• Definition: is the study of matter and the changes that it undergoes.

• Rewrite this definition in terms that an elementary student would understand.

What is matter?

• Provide your best definition.• Anything that has mass and takes up

space.

Mass vs. Weight

• What’s the difference?• Mass is constant. It depends on the

amount of matter present.• Weight varies depending on the pull of

gravity

Branches of Chemistry• Analytical* • Studying substance to determine what they

are made of (Laboratory work) ex. Food nutrients and quality control

• Physical • the physics behind changes of matter & the

related energy changes. ex: Reaction rates and reaction mechanisms.

• Biochemistry • the biology of matter and processes of living

organisms. ex: metabolism, fermentation

• *Inorganic • the study of the periodic table - This Class

ex: metals, metalloid and nonmetals• Organic • the study of carbon containing compounds.

ex: pharmaceuticals and plastics.

AP BIO

Select an A and B person

• Without referencing your notes, person A explain the five branches to person B. Person B check for accuracy by referencing notes.

• Switch roles

Scientific Method• Write the 6 steps to the scientific method.• Compare with others. Did you get them all?

1. State the problem2. Gather information3. Hypothesis4. Experiment5. Record and Analyze Data6. Conclusions

Hypothesis

• Define.• A tentative explanation of some regularity

of nature.

Scientific Method CONT

• A theory is a TESTED explanation of basic natural phenomena.– Watch out! Society uses “theory” as scientists

define hypothesis.• A Scientific law is a theory proven correct

and there are no exceptions.

Scientific Method CONT

• Jack-Jack Attack!

Qual vs. Quant.

• Observations made could be – qualitative – describe color, odor, shape,

etc. – quantitative – measured data:

temperature, pressure, volume, mass, length

Variables may be…

• independent – controlled variable (time, temperature) (X-axis).

• dependent – changes depending on independent variable (Y-axis).

• Need a control – a standard to compare to.