PlaySmartwithSmartphoneNeurosisRevisitedDamianB.Kim,M.D.(김병석)
SNUCMAAUSAJune2016
DamianB.Kim,M.D.
• PsychoanalyticFellowofAmericanAcademyforPsychoanalysisandDynamicPsychiatry
• AssociateClinicalProfessorofSt.GeorgeUniversitySchoolofMedicine.
• AssistantClinicalProfessor,StateUniversityofNewYorkatDownstateMedicalSchool.
• Director,OutpatientDivisionofPsychiatryatConeyIslandHospital.
DISCLOSURE
• Noconflictofinteresttodisclose.
• IsthereNARCISSISM(자기도취증) Epidemic?
Doyouseemoderndayyouthlikethis?– Highself-admiration.(자기칭찬에바쁘다)– Egocentric. (자기중심적이다)– Entitled. (무엇이던거저먹으려한다)– Outspoken– Disrespectful.– Arrogant.– Undisciplined.– Irritable.– Un-empathetic.– Materialistic.– Unethical.– Belittlesconventionalvalues.
Introduction.
• Sure,theanswerisyes.Manyagreeitishappening.Butnonehasclearanswerastowhatreallyishappeningandwhyitishappeningandsothereisnoanswerwhattodoaboutit.Herearemytheories.
• ThosearethesymptomsofNarcissism.• NarcissismisonesymptomofCharacterNeurosis.(성격노이로제)• Butnarcissismalonecannotbedevelopedwithoutaccompanyingneuroticsymptoms.
• So,Itisimportanttounderstandneurosis.
WhatisNeurosis?ADefinition.
• Amentaldisorder,createdbyintrapsychicdynamicprocesses.• Exhibitpsychologicalandfunctionalimpairment.• Interpersonalrelationshipisstrained.• Nodelusionorhallucinationasinpsychosis.• Nodisturbanceinthecapacitytograspreality.• Nodenialofrealitybutdistortionofreality.• Serioussymptomsbutarewithinsociallyacceptabletolerablerange.
TheExistenceofNeurosis• ‘Neurosis’hasbeenanofficialnameofamentaldisease.• Theuseofthisterminologyhasbeendeclinedinmoderndaysamongmentalhealthprofessionalsandinthesociety.
• ThereasonforthisdeclineisduetotheremovalofthisterminologyfromDiagnosticStatisticalManual-IIIin1980.
• Thereasonforthisremovalisduetothereorientationofpsychiatrists‘viewingmentaldisordersfrometiologyorientedapproachtosymptomorientedapproach.
• Thereasonforthisreorientationistohavemorepsychiatristsagreewithsamediagnosis.
TheExistenceofNeurosis-Continued
• Astheresult,thesymptomslistedunderneurosesarescatteredaroundasanxietydisorders,depressivedisorders,etc.
• InInternationalClassificationofDisease(ICD-10),thetermneurosisstillexists.
• ThisactionbyAmericanpsychiatriststochangeDSM-III,isabigmistake.
• Becausethischangepavedtheroyalroadtopsychopharmacologyandbehaviortherapydominationandincreaseofneuroses.
TheExistenceofNeurosis-Continued
• HasneurosesdisappearedbecauseofthischangeinDSM?• Tothecontrary,Neurosesnotonlycontinuedtoexistbutthrivingandthenumberofpeopleafflictedwithneurosisareincreasingdrastically!
• Theproblemistheafflictedpeoplearenotawareoftheproblemuntiltheydevelopsometangiblesymptoms.
• Whathappenedwasthemodernmentalhealthworkersbecameignoranttoidentifythesepatients,failedtoprovideproperandefficienttreatmentandperpetuatingtheirsuffering.
TheExistenceofNeurosis-Continued
• Mentaldiseasecanbedividedintotwomajorcategoriesbasedontheprecipitatingfactors.
First;biologicallyprecipitatedmentaldiseasesasschizophrenia,bipolardisorder,autism,etc.geneticalinoriginandendocrine,metabolic,organpathologicalinorigin.
Theprimarytreatmentforthesediseasesarebiologicaltreatmentssuchaspharmacotherapy,ECT,etc.
TheExistenceofNeurosis-Continued
– Second;psychologicallyprecipitatedmentaldisordersasallanxietydisorders,depressivedisordersexceptbipolardepression,etc.
Theprimarytreatmentforthesediseasesshouldbepsychologicaltreatmentssuchaspsychotherapyesp.dynamicpsychotherapyandpsychoanalysis.
TheExistenceofNeurosis-Continued
• Neurosisisapsychologicallyprecipitateddisease.
• Therefore,psychotherapyshouldbetheprimarytreatmentandmedicationandbehaviortherapyshouldbeanadjuncttopsychotherapy.
• Medicationwillnotchangehumanemotionsandthinkings.
TheExistenceofNeurosis-Continued• From1950to1980,psychoanalyticpsychotherapydominatedpsychiatrictreatment.
• From1980topresent,psychopharmacologydominated.
• Mentalhealthworkersrealizedthatonetypeoftreatmentisnot‘fitforall’forallmentaldisease.
• It’stimetopicktheappropriateprimarytreatmentmodalitydependingonwhattriggeredtheproblem.
Evidenceofneurosisincreasing• Thereisnoresearchorstatisticalreportofthisfactthatneurosishasincreasedbecausetheterm‘neurosis’isnotinclinicaluseanymore.
• Thereareclinicalevidenceofneuroticsymptomsincreasing.
• Thereareabundantreportsthatthereis‘Narcissism’epidemicinUSAandworldwide.
• Narcissismisoneofthesymptomsofcharacterneurosis.
Evidenceofneurosisincreasing- cont.
• TwodifferenttypesofNarcissismaretobeconsidered.
• 1.PathologicalNarcissisticPersonalityDisorder.– Thisisararecondition,probablygeneticinorigin.
• 2.Narcissisticelementinnormalgeneralindividual.– Thisisthefocusofconcernbyprofessionalsaswellasbythepublicandthispresentation.
Evidenceofneurosisincreasing-cont.A).Symptomsofneurosisareincreasing.
1.ThenumberofAnxietyDisordersisincreasing;Panicdisorder,Generalizedanxietydisorder,Phobias,OCD,etc.inclinicalpractice.2.ThenumberofDepressiveDisorderisincreasing;Dysthymia(Persistentdepressivedisorder),Majordepressivedisorder,etc.inclinicalpractice.
3.Theadditionof“Disruptivemooddysregulationdisorder”inDSM-5under DepressiveDisorder.Anoteworthyhappening.Thisisoneofthesymptomsof CharacterNeurosis.4.Narcissismisincreasingamongnormalindividuals.(Itisnotpathologicalnarcissisticpersonalitydisorderbutacharacterneurosissymptom.)
Evidenceofneurosisincreasing-cont.B)Indirectevidencesofneurosisincreasing.
1.Thehoaxof“Selfitis”.Aproofofincreasedaddictiontocomputer,SNS(SocialNetworkSystem)andotherdigitalsystems.2.Thesuiciderateamongyouthandmiddleagedissteadilyincreasing.3.Thenumberofdrugandalcoholabuseisincreasing.4.Thenumberofautomobileaccidentanddeathfromitamongyouth isincreasing.(bydistractionandnarcissism).5.Disregardingconventionalvalueisincreasingamongyouths. (Insteadofrespectingtraditionalvalues,ratherworshipmoderndigitalculture.)6.MarkedincreaseofCosmeticSurgeries.7.Explosionofuniquenames.
CausesofNeurosisIncreasing• Therearesixfactorsconsidered.1. Educationissues.Tooself-enhancingandpermissiveeducationwithout
accompanyingmoral/ethical/mannereducationanddisciplining.2. Parenting:Relinquishingtheirauthority,spoilingthemas‘youarethe
best’,overprotectiveofthem,toomuch‘freedom’and‘equality’withoutaccompanyingresponsibility.Encouragechildrentousedigitalsystem.
3. Mediacultureofenhancingnarcissisticelements,suchasshallow,blownuphighlightedcelebrityprograms.
4. Injudiciousexcessspendingduetoeasycredit.(toomuchdebts).5. Digitalinternetculture,especiallySocialNetworkSystem.6. Decreasingawarenessofmind,especiallyunconsciousmind.
Causesofneurosisincreasing-cont.
• Inthispresentation,onlytwolastfactorswillbediscussed.
1. Digitalinternetculture,especiallySocialNetworkSystem.
2. Decreasingawarenessofmind,especiallyunconsciousmind.
Causesofneurosisincreasing.SocialNetworkSystem
• ModernDigitalcivilizationmadehumanlifedrasticallyconvenientandcomfortable.Thepositivecontributionmayoutweighthenegatives,butthenegativeaspectsareoutofcontroltoignore.
• Itinstigatesnarcissisticelementsenhancementanddeprivespeopleoftimetolookattheirownmind.
• Peoplearetoobusytolookatthefaceofsmartphone,computerscreen,i-pad,readingFacebook,Linked-IN,Twitter,KakaoTalk,textingeachother,etc.andboastingthemselvesdirectlyandindirectly.
TheExistenceofNeurosis• ‘Neurosis’hasbeenanofficialnameofamentaldisease.• Theuseofthisterminologyhasbeendeclinedinmoderndaysamongmental healthprofessionalsandinthecommunity.
• ThereasonforthisdeclineisduetotheremovalofthisterminologyfromDSM-IIIin1980.
• Thereasonforthisremovalisduetothereorientationofpsychiatrists‘viewingmentaldisordersfrometiologyorientedapproachtosymptomorientedapproach.
• Thereasonforthisreorientationistohavemorepsychiatristsagreewithsamediagnosis.
Causesofneurosisincreasing.SocialNetworkSystem-cont.
• ThecontentsofFacebook,Twitter,Linked-in,Kakaoaremainlysomethingtobragaboutoneself,andseekingapprovalofothersabouthisthinkingandorhisactions,tryingtosatisfytheneedforpopularity.
• Someexamplesarethewebsitecalled“Invisibleboyfriend”,“SecondLife”.Recently,‘VirtualReality’gadget.(Goodmovietowatch;“Hur”).
• Thisindicatesthepostingpersonisstrugglingwithortoestablishhisidentity(개체성) orboosthisself-esteem.
• SNSprovidesthepersonwiththespacetoactoutallhisneuroticneeds.
Causesofneurosisincreasing.SocialNetworkSystem-cont.
• ThismaycreateCharacterNeurosis,Expansivetype.(SimilartoNarcissisticpersonality.)Or,
• EnforceorElevatehisownexistingNarcissisticelement.Or,
• MobilizehisdormantNarcissisticelement.
Causesofneurosisincreasing.SocialNetworkSystem-cont.
• Ontheotherhand,SNSwillincreaseInferiorityfeelingformanyotherpeople,whocompareselfwithothersandfeel‘whydon’tIhaveanythingtobragabout’,‘whycan’tIaffordthat?’,etc.
• Ifhispostingisrejectedorcriticized,hemaydeveloplowself-esteemorself-hate.
• Ifhebecomesacyber-bullyingtarget,hewillbecomedevastated.
• ThesewillleadthepersontoneuroticsymptomsofDepression,Anxiety,Jealousy,etc.andincreases SNSusetoaddictiveleveltorestorehisloweredself-esteemthroughSNSandbecomesmoreneurotic.
Causesofneurosisincreasing.ComputerGame
• ComputerGameisanotherdigitalculturerapidlyspreading.• Itprovidestheopportunitytosatisfyhisunfilledneedsinimagination inthevirtualworld.
• ThiswillcontributetoboostinghisneuroticprideandNarcissisticelements.
• InDSM-5SectionIII,therenowisanewdiagnosticentitytobeconsideredandresearched,“InternetGameDisorder”.
Causesofneurosisincreasing.Inattentiontomind
• AccordingtoFreud’sThreeFundamentalPsychoanalyticTheories,minddeterminesallhumanthinking,feeling,andbehavior (Psychicdeterminism.壹體唯心造).
• TheUnconsciousmotivationdeterminesmostofconsciousthinking,feelingandbehaviors.
• Theunconsciousmotivationsdrivingusareemotionalforces.• Therealityofmindweareconsciousislikethetipoficeberg.• Littletimetolookatownmind,orcommunicatewithrealpersontograspandcorrecthisthinking,feeling,andbehaviorbecauseofSocialNetworkSystemandComputerGames.
• ThisdepriveshimoftheopportunitytopreventthedevelopmentofNeurosis.
ClassificationofNeuroses.
• NeurosisislargelyDividedintotwo:
- SymptomNeurosis.(증상노이로제)
- CharacterNeurosis.(성격노이로제)
SymptomNeuroses
I. AnxietyDisorders:- GeneralizedAnxietydisorder.- PanicDisorder.- Phobias.- PostTraumaticStressDisorder.- ObsessiveCompulsiveDisorder.
SymptomNeuroses-cont.II. DepressiveDisorders:
- MajorDepressiveDisorders.
- Dysthymia.(PersistentDepressiveDisorder)
-DisruptiveMoodDysregulationDisorder.(NewadditiontoDSM-V)
III Behindtheseneuroticsymptoms,therealwaysareCharacterNeuroses.
CharacterNeurosis.
• Apsychiatricdisorderthatdoesnotexhibitanysymptomsbutexhibitscharactertraits(성격특성) asifthosearehisspecificpersonalitymake-up(성격구조) andthereforeisnotperceivedasadiseaseandissociallytoleratedandaccepted.
• Examplesare;beingperfectionistic,aggressive,irritable,compliant,ingratiating,indifferent,self-sufficient,etc.
CharacterNeurosis-cont.
• Characterneurosisisdifferentfrompersonalitydisorder.
• Personalitydisorderisafixedstyleofreactiontotheenvironmentandinterpersonalrelationship,andthereisnointrapsychicpsycho-dynamicprocess initsgeneration.Probablygeneticinorigin.
• Characterneurosisisthecreationandmanifestationofintrapsychicpsycho-dynamicprocess.
CharacterNeurosis-cont.
• Theterm‘CharacterNeurosis’ispresentedbyFranzAlexandertodesignateneurosiswithoutsymptoms.
• KarenHorneyadoptedthistermtodifferentiateherneurosistypefromsymptomneurosis,thatis‘characterneurosis’.
• KarenHorneyemphasizesthatthepresenceorabsenceofsymptomshouldnotbethecriteriatodifferentiateneuroses.
CharacterNeurosis-cont.
• KarenHorneydiscoveredthat‘characterneurosis’seriouslyobstructhumanpsychicgrowthandinducefunctionaldisturbance.
• Presentedhertheoryof‘characterneurosis’,itsdevelopmentandwaystoovercome‘characterneurosis’.
Characteristicsofcharacterneurosis.• Thereactiontoeverydaylifematterisdeviatedfromgenerallyknownnorm.
• Compulsive.
• Self-centered.
• Theachievementisusuallylowerthanhispotential.
• Theresolutionofpsychologicalconflictisunsatisfactoryincomparisontonon-neuroticpersonandtheprocessisverystressful.
Thedevelopmentofcharacterneuroses-cont.
• KarenHorneydivided“self”intothree.
• First:RealSelf.
• Second:ActualSelf.
• Third:IdealizedSelf.
Thedevelopmentofcharacterneuroses-cont.
• Actualself:Theall-inclusiveselfasoneis,atapointoftime,healthyorneurotic.
• Idealizedself:Theselfcreatedbyone’sownirrationalimaginationandbyinflated(orneurotic)pridethatdictateshowoneshouldbe.(ThisiswhatgoesoninNarcissism)
Thedevelopmentofcharacterneuroses
• InordertounderstandthedevelopmentofKarenHorney’stheoryofcharacterneurosis,itisessentialtounderstandtheconceptof‘RealSelf’.
Thedevelopmentofcharacterneuroses-cont.RealSelf.
• ThebeginningandthecenterofKarenHorney’stheoryisReal-Self.
• DefinitionofReal-Self:Everyoneisbornwithit,butuniquetotheindividual,andtheoriginalforceofgrowthandfulfillmentandconstructivecreativity.
• Thisisthepartwhenwesay‘Self-discovery’.
• The‘realself’ispossibletoattainbut‘idealizedself’isimpossibletoattain.
Thedevelopmentofcharacterneuroses-cont.AlienatingFactorsfromRealself
• BasicAnxiety.Itisthefeelingofprofoundinsecurityandvagueapprehensioncausedbythefeelingofbeingisolated andhelplessintheworldperceivedaspotentiallyhostile.
• Thisfeelingiscausedbythewayhisparentswhothemselvesareneuroticraisehim.
Thedevelopmentofcharacterneuroses-cont.AlienatingFactorsfromRealself
• Theneedsforthefeelingofself-confidence andsafety,urgentlycallsfortheneedtoestablish
– Self-identitythattellsyouwhoyouareandmakeyourselfmeaningfultoyourself,givesyouafeelingofpowerandsignificance.
– Theneedtolifthimselfaboveothers.
Thedevelopmentofcharacterneuroses-cont.AlienatingFactorsfromRealself
• Inordertofulfillalltheseneeds,thepersonwillusehisbesttool,thatis,hisimaginationtocreateinhismindanidealizedimageofhimself.
• Thisprocessiscalledself-idealization.– Satisfyfeelingofsafety.– ProvidewithSelf-confidence.– ProvidewithFeelingofsuperiority.
ThissameprocesshappensinNarcissismbuildup.
Thedevelopmentofcharacterneuroses-cont.
• Bythisselfidealization,hisshortcomingsandflawsaredimmedorglorified.
• Throughtheprocessofidentification,idealizedimagebecomesidealized-self.
• Hefeelstheidealized-selfmorerealthanhisreal-self becauseitfulfillsallhisneeds.
Thedevelopmentofcharacterneuroses-cont.• Howaneuroticpersonwouldhandleasituationheisfacedwithandhehastomakeadecision,woulddependonhowlifeisreflectedonhim.
• Thisviewwilldeterminethetypeofcharacterneurosis.
• Therearethreereflectedviewoflifeinneurosis.– Islifeanythingtoconquer?– Islifeanythingtofillwithlove?– Islifeanythingtoseekforfreedom?
Typesofcharacterneurosis
1. EXPANSIVETYPE.
2. SELF-EFFACINGTYPE.
3. RESIGNEDTYPE.
Typesofcharacterneurosis-cont.
• Everyonecarriesallthesethreeelementsofneuroticcharacter.
• Thetypeofcharacterneurosisisdeterminedbywhichmovementisexaggeratedandcompulsive.
• Healthypersonwilluseallthesethreeelementsflexiblydependingonthesituation.Neuroticpersoncompulsively.
Expansivetype• Thisisthetypeselectedbythepersonwhoviewlifeassomethingtoconquer.
• IdentifieswithhisinnerShoulds.
• Believeshecandoanythingwell.
• Makeseffortsdependingonthedegreeofhisimagination.
• ContainsmanysimilarelementsofNarcissisticPersonalityDisorder.
Self-effacingtype
• Thisisthetypeselectedbythepersonwhoviewlifeassomethingtofillwithlove.
• Emphasizeshisinnershoulds neverbecomeanissue.• Tryingtohidehisownexistence.• Alwaysbehaveforothers’sakeandtryingtobecomealovingperson.
• Alwayscriticalofhimselfandlamentshehasnotreachedhisexpectation.
Resignedtype
• Thisisthetypeselectedbythepersonwhoviewslifeassomethingtosecurefreedom.
• Rebelsvehementlyagainsthisowninnerdictatesorshoulds.
• Exhibitsextremereactionagainstanyoneperceivedastryingtointerferewithhisopinion,feeling,andbehavior;thatishisfreedom.
Summary.• Thereisnodoubtthatnarcissismisincreasing.
• ItisnotjustnarcissismbutitisCharacterNeurosisthatisincreasing.
• Itisaffectingindividualsandentiresociety.
• Digitalcultureanddecreasedintrospectionarebigcontributingfactors.
DISCUSSION
1. TherearemanyarticlesabouttheuseofSocialNetworkSystemandmentalhealthissues.
2. Mostofthemaretryingtounderstandwhatdrivespeopletodoit.– ReasonsbehindtheseuseareSeekingforgratification.
• Self-presentation.• Relationshipbuilding.• Relationshipmaintenance.• Gainasenseofcommunity.• Informationseeking.• Diversion;eg.Entertainment,pleasure.
DISCUSSION-cont.
3.Thedrivingforcebehindare,– Needforpopularity.– Buildingupself-esteem.– Needtobelong.– Entitlement.– Narcissism.
DISCUSSION-cont.PsychodynamicUnderstanding
• MostofSocialNetworkSystembehaviorscanbeviewedasSELF-IDENTITY(자아의식) issues;– identityformation,– identityconfirmation,– identitybuildup,– identitymaintenance,– identitymodification.
DISCUSSION-cont.
• Functionofself-identityisadouble-edgedsward.
• positivefunction.
– Tellsyouwhoyouare.
– Makeyourselfmeaningfultoyourself.
–Givesyouafeelingofpowerandsignificance.
DISCUSSION-cont.
– Negativefunctionofself-identity.
• Tryingtomaintainestablishedidentitybyallmeans.
• Createsconflicts.
• CasesofArtificialIntelligence.Thedoomsdayiscoming.
• Buddha’sessentialteachingis,‘extinctself’(연기법).
DISCUSSION-cont.
• HowcanArtificialIntelligencebringondoomsday?• StephenHawkingjustsaidiffullhumanintelligenceisgiven.• But,theanswerisbygivingittheabilitytodevelop‘Selfawarenessandself-identity’.
• Theopposingviewstates,unlesshumanconsciousness,feelingandemotionscanbebuiltin,doomsdayisnotpossible.
• Iwouldliketoaddhere,‘unconsciousmind’.• IfunethicalneuroticpersonbuildtheAI,doomsdayispossible.(Thatis,‘HumanIntelligence’orHIcaninducedoomsday)
DISCUSSION-cont.Impactonhumancharacter
• Mostofall,SocialNetworkSystemtapsontheexpansiveelementthathasnarcissisticelements.
• Astheresult,SNSelevatestheexpansiveornarcissisticelementsintheperson.
• Mayhelpdevelopexpansivetypeofpersonalityoractivateexpansiveelementsmoretothesurface.
• MaycontributetodevelopSelf-effacingandResignedtypeaswell.
DISCUSSION-cont.Impactonhumancharacter
• TherearethreeelementsinExpansiveTypeofcharacterneurosis;
• thosearesameelementsinNarcissism.
– narcissistic,
– perfectionistic,
– arrogant-vindictiveelements.
DISCUSSION-cont.Impactonhumancharacter
• DSM-5descriptionofNarcissisticpersonalitydisorder.– Hasagrandiosesenseofself-importance.– Ispreoccupiedwithfantasiesofunlimitedsuccess,power,brilliance,beauty.– Believesthatheisspecialandunique.– Requiresexcessiveadmiration.– Hasasenseofentitlement.– Isinterpersonallyexploitative.– Lacksempathy.– Isoftenenviousofothersorbelievesothersareenviousofhim.– Showsarrogant,haughtybehaviorsorattitudes.
DISCUSSION-cont.Impactonhumancharacter
• Thecharacteristicsof‘Moderndigitalgeneration’.SimilartoKarenHorney’sExpansivetypeandNarcissisticPersonalityDisorder.– Egotistic.(narcissistic).Self-admiration,self-respect.– Egocentric.– Entitled.– Outspoken– Disrespectful.– Arrogant.– Undisciplined.– Irritable.– Un-empathetic.– Materialistic.– Unethical.– Belittlesconventionalvalues.
DISCUSSION
• Remediesfortheotherfactors(educationbyschoolandparents,media,easycredit)arebeyondmentalhealthworkers;weneedaleaderwhohasinsightintothesesocialissuesandhasvision abouthowtoremedythesedestructiveissues.Allocatingbigfundsfordigitalengineeringeducationshowsthefailureofgraspingtherealityofthisproblemandsenseofpriority.
DISCUSSION-cont.Proposedremedialapproach.
• Asaphysician,keep inmindthatthereareabundantbutneglectedmentaldisordernamedneurosis,esp.characterneurosis.
• Whenevertreatingpatientswhopresentssymptomsofneurosis,suchasanxietydisorderanddepression(exceptbipolardepression),lookforthetriggers,suchasinjuredNarcissisticpride.
• AskabouttheuseofSocialNetworkSystem.• ExplaintheimpactofoveruseofSNSandtamingtheoverusewheneverpossible.
• KeepinmindthatthedifficultyindealingwithCharacterNeurosisisthefactthatthesymptomsareinsociallyacceptableandtolerablerange andsodifficulttomakediagnosisandthepatientdoesnotfeeltheneedforhelp.
DISCUSSION-cont.Proposedremedialapproach.
• Helppatientsbuildahabitoflookingattheirinnermind.
• Atanopportunetime,dealwithself-identityissuesifapplicable.
• Providepsychodynamicpsychotherapyforthesepopulationinadditiontomedicationand/orbehaviortherapy.Or,refertoapsychoanalyst/psychiatrist.
• RecommendMindfulnessMeditation.
FutureOutlook• CharacterNeurosisandnarcissisticelementswillcontinuetogrow.– Becauselittleattentionispaidforthisphenomena.– BecauseNeuroticparentswillcreateneuroticchildrenandtherealreadyareplentyofneuroticparentsandthosetobe.
ØWillseeincreasingnumberofpeoplewhoareanxious,irritable,depressed,abusedrugs,commitsuicide,andsoon.
ØManysocialproblemswillgrow,suchasdrugs,crimes,violence,bankrupsy,etc.
ØMentalHealthClinicwillbebooming.(NYCmayorstartedtopayunprecedentedattentiontomentalhealthissues)
AProposal
• RestoretheDiagnosticentityof“Neurosis”inDSM.
• Thiswillhelpprovidetreatmentaccordingtotheetiologyofthementalproblemandthatismoreappropriateandeffectivetreatmentapproach.
• Otherwise,treatmentwillbejustsymptomorientedlikedrugsandbehaviortherapyregardlesswhatcausedthesymptom.
References
• Itisallaboutbeingpopular:TheEffectsofNeedforPopularityandSocialNetworkSiteUse.SonjaUtz,Ph.D.etals.Cyberpsychology,Behavior,andSocialNetworking.Volume15,number1,2012
• ProblematicuseofSocialNetworkSites:TheInteractiveRelationshipBetweenGratificationsSoughtandPrivacyConcerns.Hsuan-TingChen,PhD,Yongwhan Kim,PhD.Cyberpsychology,BehaviorsandSocialNetworking,Vol16,Number11,2013.
• OnlineSocialNetworkingandMentalHealth.ByIgorPantic,M.D.Cyberpsychology,Behavior,andSocialNetworking.Vol.17,number10,2014
References-cont.
• CompulsiveUseofSocialNetworkingSitesinBelgium:Prevalence,Profile,andtheRoleofAttitudeTowardWorkandSchool.Rozane DeCock,PhDandetal.Cyberpsychology,BehaviorandSocialNetworking,volume17number3,2014.
• OnlineSocialNetworkingSitesandMentalHealthResearch.FrontiersinPsychiatry.March12,2015.
• OnlineSocialNetworkingandAddiction-AReviewofthePsychologicalLiterature.DariaJ.Kuss andMarkD.Griffiths.Int.JournalofEnvironment2011.
References-cont.
• “OnlineSocialNetworkingandAddiction”,byDariaJ.Kuss andMarkD.Griffiths.
• “TheNarcissisticEpidemic”byJeanM.Twenge,PH.D.andW.KeithCambell,PH.D.publishedbyAtria,March2013.
• “NeurosisandHumanGrowth”byKarenHorney,1950publishedbyNortonBooks.
• “카렌호나이의 분석정신”김병석저 2015년 4월하나의학사출판
• Anyquestions• and
• Comments?
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