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SHALE GAS, THE FUTURE - UNCONVENTIONAL GAS
by :
Doddy Priambodo Wuryadi Sadirsan
Jakarta. Oktober 2012
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Nama : Doddy Priambodo
Tempat tgl lahir : 11 April 1961
________________________
Pendidikan : Geologi UGM
Geologi ITB
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Pengalaman Kerja :
1989 s/d saat ini : PT PERTAMINA
Jabatan Saat ini : Direktur Eksplorasi
. &.Pengembangan
. PT PERTAMINA EP
Nma : Wuryadi Sadirsan
Tempat tgl lahir : 22 Januari 1959
________________________
Pendidikan : Geologi ITB
Geologi ITB
_________________________
Pengalaman Kerja :
1989 s/d saat ini : PT PERTAMINA
Jabatan Saat ini : Manajer Regional .
. PT PERTAMINA EP
CURRICULUM VITAE
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UNCONVENTIONAL GAS
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Unconventional HC Resources
Source: “Unconventional Reservoirs” (Holditch et.al, 2001)
ROAD MAP PT Pertamina (Persero) MENUJU WORLD CLASS COMPANY
1000 md
10 md
0,1 md
0,01 md
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0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015
mb
op
d
Oil Production (mbopd) Oil consumption (mbopd)
Indonesia becomes net crude importer
Crude Supply-Demand Profile in Indonesia
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Central & East Java Demand
Will Be Triple By 2019
North Sumatra Demand
Will Be Quadruple By 2019
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PERTUMBUHAN JUMLAH KENDARAAN DI
INDONESIA (Data BPS 2006-2010 – Mobil penumpang, bis, truk, dan sepeda motor)
DATA GAIKINDO dan AISI:
• Jumlah kendaraan di Indonesia No. 1 di ASEAN
(Thailand 25,29 juta, Vietnam 14,51 juta, Malaysia 7,28 juta, serta Filipina 2,15 juta)
• Pertumbuhan Kendaraan bermotor 10-15% per tahun
• Pada 2014 diprediksi penjualan kendaraan bermotor mencapai 1 juta unit
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Characteristics of Shale Gas Plays Characteristics
•Well bounded and contains hydraulic fracture energy;
•Brittle;
•Moderate clay content (< 40 percent)
Specific Measures:
Source: Halliburton Website; /www.halliburton.com/public/news/source_files/Newsletters/KCNews/2006/Jan06PE_Shale_print.html
Characteristic Unit of Measurement Target Explanation
Maturity Ro (%) 1.1 to 1.4 Vitrinite Reflectance
Thickness ft / m > 100 / 30.5 -
TOC % > 3 % -
Gas content Scf / ton > 50 Preferably > 100
Porosity % > 3 Preferably > 5
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COMMON CHARACTERISTICS AMONG GAS SHALES
•High Gamma Ray
•High Resistivity
•High organic content (>1%)
•High maturity (late oil window or higher), Ro > 1%
•Brittleness (>40% Qz. content)
•Thickness (> 30 ft)
•Porosity (>4%)
•Deposited in marine environments
•Type II kerogen
•Presence of fracture barriers (usually carbonates)
•Low permeability (in nano darcy scale)
Shale Gas Parameters
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POTENTIAL IN USA & IN PERTAMINA EP
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U.S. Gas Shale Plays Gammon Shale
Williston Basin
Bakken Shale
Williston Basin
Green River Shale
Green River Basin
Mancos & Lewis Shales
Uinta & Piceance Basin
Devonian/Ohio Shales
Appalachian Basin
New Albany Shale
Illinois Basin
Floyd/Conasauga Shales
Black Warrior Basin
Antrim Shale
Michigan Basin
Barnett Shale
Fort Worth
Basin
Excello/Mulky Shales
Cherokee Basin
Niobrara/Pierre Shales
Denver Basin
Caney/Woodford/
Fayetteville Shales
Arkoma Basin
Barnett/Woodford Shales
Delaware Basin
Palo Duro/Cisco/Bend
Shales
Palo Duro Basin
Mancos/Lewis Shales
San Juan Basin
Cane Creek Shale
Paradox Basin
McClure Shale
San Joaquin Basin
Monterey Shale
Various Basins
Haynesville Shale
East Texas Basin
Woodford
Shale
Anadarko
Basin
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GAS SHALE BASIN BARNETT FAYETTEVILLE HAYNESVILLE MARCELLUS WOOD FORD EAGLE FORD
Basin Area, SqM (est) 54,000 9,000 9,000 95,000 11,000 3,800
Depth, ft 6,500‐8,500 1,000 ‐ 7,000 10,500‐13,500 4,000‐8,500 6,000‐11,000 0,500‐11,300
Net Thickness, ft 100 ‐ 600 20 ‐ 200 200 ‐ 300 50 ‐ 200 120 ‐ 220 300 ‐ 475
TOC, % 4.5 4 ‐ 9.8 0.5 ‐4 3 ‐ 12 1 ‐ 14 3 ‐ 5
Total Porosity, % 4 ‐5 2 ‐8 8‐9 10 3 ‐9 7 ‐ 10
Thermal Maturity, Ro 2.2 1.5 ‐ 4.0 1.0 ‐ 2.5 1.1 ‐ 3.0 1.0 – 1.2 7
IP Rates, MMCFD 4 2.8 14 5 4.5 9 + Cond
Avg. Lateral Length, ft 2,500 ‐ 3,500 1,500 ‐ 5,000 3,500 ‐ 3,800 2,500 2,500 ‐ 5,000 3,800 - 5,500
Well Spacing, Acres* 60 ‐ 160 80 ‐ 160 40 ‐560 40 ‐ 160 640
Proj.OGIP, TCF (Bsn) 327 52 717 1,500 23
Expected RF, % (Bsn) 20 ‐ 50 30 30 20 ‐ 40 50+
Rec. Resources, TCF 44 42 251 2 62 11 21
•Averages ‐ depends on Lateral Length, Frac & Reservoir Characteristics
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Shale gas production
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Break even point
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Comparison data of Shale Gas in US and Purpose WK Pertamina
9.33-16.96 3.51– 21.17
Asset Overview – Shale Gas Parameter
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Gas Shale Rankings vs Initial Production Vertical Wells
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
40 50 60 70 80 90
Gas Shale Score Ranking
Init
ial P
rod
uc
tio
n (
MC
FD
)
Barnett
Haynesville
Woodford
Woodford Caney
Marcellus
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Major Source Rock Type of The Hydrocarbon Productive Basin of Indonesia
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Quartz + Feldspar
Carbonate Clay
North Sumatra Basin
Palembang subbasin
North West Jawa Basin
BaritoBasin
KutaiBasin
Salawati Basin
Jambi subbasin
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ADMINISTRATIVE MAP OF
SHALE GAS NAD
LEGEND :
District Border
River
WK Block Existing PEP
City/Town
Sub District
INDEX MAP
TOTAL AREA = 6.257 km² (NW) WK = 4.392 km² (SE) WK = 1.865 km²
1672 sq km
2720 sq km
3537 sq km
1865 sq km
Intres area of L Baong FM.
Intres area of Bampo FM.
OUTCROP OF OLD SEDIMENT
AND BASEMENT
Asset Overview – Location Map
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PERTAMINA STRATEGY
PERTAMINA’S BLUE PRINT OF NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY (NRE)
PERIOD
HC BASE
(Unconventional)
Non HC BASE
2010 - 2013 2014 - 2017 2018- 2021 2022 - 2025
•CBM •Shale Gas/oil
• Geothermal
•CBM •Shale Gas/oil • Tight Sand Gas ??
• Geothermal • Wind • Algae
• Geothermal • Wind • Algae • Solar cell • Nuclear
• Geothermal •Wind •Algae •Solar cell •Nuclear •Hydrogen
•CBM •Shale Gas/oil • Tight Sand Gas ?? • Oil / Gas Sand
•CBM •Shale Gas/oil • Tight Sand Gas ?? • Oil /Gas Sand • Coal-Synthetic Gas
NATIONAL ENERGY
COMPANY
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CONSTRAINs
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Comparison data of Shale Gas in USA
9.33-16.96 3.51– 21.17
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PROBABILITY GEOLOGICAL SUCCESS FOR SHALE GAS MODIFIED FROM JAVIER AND OTIS
PARAMETER TEMPLATE
Lacustrine - marine
18 -98 ft
0.56 – 1.96
18.5 -91.7
1 -9
6,500 – 10,000
396 – 1,398
F. Baong – F Bampo
Aru – Langkat North Sumatra
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GAS SHALE PRODUCTION
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POSITIVE VALUE
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LOKASI KEGIATAN OIL/GAS SHALE
PUSAT SUMBER DAYA GEOLOGI
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Dst -5 Sumur Pagardewa 5
di lapisan shale F Gumai
kedalam 1400 m
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Unconventional gas
Gas production
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Conclusion
1. Shale gas is unconventional gas, high price and high technology.
2. Potential in Pertamina EP is different of age, facies and brittleness from those in USA
3. Constrain in Shale Gas development is number of wells, horizontal wells and water treatment.
4. The positive value of Shale Gas is abundant, and promising.
5. Pertamina will expoit gas shale to support national energy stability after economics is achieved
6. Government support is needed in incentive land clearance, customs tax, social effect.
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Exploration : the biggest gamble in oil & gas business
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Thank you
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