Essa combinação de letras ‘OUGH’ é um dos mais
imprevisíveis para saber pronunciar pois há 6 variações
no inglês americano e 10 no inglês britânico 1
Orginalmente as palavras Anglo-Saxônicas eram escritas com a letra ‘H’
para indicar uma ‘fricativa velar surda’ em palavras
como ‘Bach’2
Mas ái no seculo 13 com a invasão dos franceses e a sua influência na língua inglesa… uma letra ‘G’ foi acrescentada na letra ‘H’ para representar
essa fricativa velar surda 4
Em algumas palavras, o som disapareceu completamente. Como nas palavras “through" e “bought".
Em outras, o som foi convertida numa ‘fricativa labiodental surda’
(entre os dentes) que agora soa como a letra ‘F’ em palavras como
‘cough’ e ‘enough’. 5
aboughtaforethoughtafterthoughtafterthoughtsalthoughbesoughtbethoughtboroughboroughsboughboughedboughpotboughpotsboughsboughtboughtenbreakthroughbreakthroughsbroughambroughamsbroughtchoughchoughscloughcloughscoughcoughedcoughercougherscoughingcoughsdogfoughtdoughdoughboydoughboys
doughfacedoughfacesdoughierdoughiestdoughlikedoughnutdoughnutlikedoughnutsdoughsdoughtdoughtierdoughtiestdoughtilydoughtinessdoughtinessesdoughtydoughydreadnoughtdreadnoughtsdroughtdroughtierdroughtiestdroughtinessdroughtinessesdroughtsdroughtyenoughenoughsforethoughtforethoughtfulforethoughtfullyforethoughtfulnessforethoughtfulnessesforethoughtsfought
foughtenfurloughfurloughedfurloughingfurloughsgunfoughthandwroughthiccoughhiccoughedhiccoughinghiccoughsinfoughtinterboroughinterboroughsinterwroughtloughloughsmerrythoughtmerrythoughtsmethoughtmisthoughtnoughtnoughtsoughtoughtedoughtingoughtsoutboughtoutfoughtoutthoughtoutwroughtoverboughtoverthoughtoverwroughtplough
ploughedplougherploughersploughingploughsreboughtrefoughtresoughtrethoughtrewroughtroughroughageroughagesroughcastroughcastingroughcastsroughdriedroughdriesroughdryroughdryingroughedroughenroughenedrougheningroughensrougherroughersroughestroughhewroughhewedroughhewingroughhewnroughhewsroughhouseroughhoused
roughhousesroughhousingroughingroughishroughlegroughlegsroughlyroughneckroughnecksroughnessroughnessesroughriderroughridersroughsroughshodsloughsloughedsloughiersloughiestsloughingsloughssloughysoughsoughedsoughingsoughssoughtsourdoughsourdoughsthoroughthoroughbassthoroughbassesthoroughbracethoroughbracesthoroughbred
thoroughbredsthorougherthoroughestthoroughfarethoroughfaresthoroughgoingthoroughlythoroughnessthoroughnessesthoroughpinthoroughpinsthoroughwortthoroughwortsthoughthoughtthoughtfulthoughtfullythoughtfulnessthoughtfulnessesthoughtlessthoughtlesslythoughtlessnessthoughtlessnessesthoughtsthoughtwaythoughtwaysthroughthroughitherthroughlythroughotherthroughoutthroughputthroughputsthroughwaythroughways
toughtoughedtoughentoughenedtougheningtoughenstoughertoughesttoughietoughiestoughingtoughishtoughlytoughnesstoughnessestoughstoughytroughtroughsunboughtunderboughtunfoughtunroughunsoughtunthoughtwherethroughwroughtyarboroughyarboroughs*
OUGH = /o / (Long O)ʊ• Dough• Furlough• Though • Thorough • Although
Pronunciadas como o som long da letra ‘O’ em palavras como 'toe‘, ‘no’ or ‘go’
I understand. Although I don’t think it’s a very
good excuse(Compreendo, apesar de não achar que é uma boa desculpa)
OUGH = /u / (Long U) ː• Through• Throughout• Throughput• Throughway
• Pronounced with the ‘Long U’ (oo) sound in words like ‘too’, ‘threw’, or ‘shoe’
They spent the day tryingto measure throughput
on the server(Eles passaram o dia tentando medir
os dados passando pelo servidor)
An accident prevented us from getting on
the throughway(Um acidente não nos permitiu subir na via Expressa)
OUGH / / = (AW sound) ɔː• Bought • Brought• Ought• Sought• Thought• Wrought
• Regularly used before the letter /t/ • One exception in the
word ‘Drought’
They sought new ways to increase productivity
(Eles buscaram novas formas de aumentar a produtividade)
OUGH = /a / (OW sound)ʊ• Bough• Plough• Drought
• Pronounced with the 'Ow' sound in words like 'cow‘, ‘now’ or ‘how’
OUGH = / f/ (ɒ OFF)• Cough (coff)• Trough (troff)
• Pronounced with the ‘Off' sound in words like ‘scoff‘or ‘stroganoff’
OUGH / f/ = (Uff)ʌ • Enough• Rough• Slough • Tough
• Prounced as ‘uff’ in words like ‘cuff’, ‘stuff’ or ‘buff’
Uma exceção que você pode encontrar por aí é a palavra ‘hiccup’ (soluçar) que você
pode ver escrito como ‘hiccough’ no inglês britânico
Bibliografia
1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ough_(orthography)2. http://www.howtospell.co.uk/gh-words3. https://www.quora.com/Pronunciation/How-did-gh-at-the-end-of
some-words-become-an-eff-sound4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oZ-g8iF3Fdk 5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oZ-g8iF3Fdk
More ESL Info on ‘OUGH’
• http://rachelsenglish.com/pronounce-ough/• http://www.pronuncian.com/Podcast/Default.aspx?Episode=205• http://
www.bbc.co.uk/learningenglish/english/course/intermediate/unit-9/session-1
Top Related