7/25/2019 Memoria de Castro Zaldivar 1883
1/19
NLNH]AK[\`a
l` slhr il`lbkih
L@LTK
K@ _\W]LNH BHMAL]Ft).
@ A NK.aa6f')r.a-a6'r.v Y6ah - - T 'f0Yasr/rs.P,
O K ` . ` . r . A6C _ KF Y K ( F Y J _ ? 'H A .T H _ K U \ R a s ) E ( ) .
;3_!)
7/25/2019 Memoria de Castro Zaldivar 1883
2/19
@ an k, Hotumrl ?7 il a33? .
_r. (Wrlsailftl il` Ohfsleh il N afastrhs y N afastrh il Eustaoak , Ou`th, Afstruooafy VMlfldaolfoak.
_, N.
Ylfbh l` chfhr il rlnatar k` ilspkoch il \_.kieuftk lstl hdaoah, `k N ln hrak lf `k qul ihyoulftk i _. L . l` Wrlsailftl il `k ] lpm`aok, il`ilslnplh il `ks ohnasahfls qul sl s arva lfoh
nlfikrn l lf `ks phoks f5ks iadoa`ls pkrk nalstrkWktrak.
Abuk`nlftl rlnath pkrk su lxknlf y kprhmk
oaf, `ks oulftks il `hs dhfihs qul ckf ohrraih in a okrbh, iurkftl `k phok qul lrk (Il`lbkih il`Bhmalrfh lf stk Okpatk`.
N a fhthrak lfdlrnliki y `k flolsaiki il qulsl ohnp`ltlf h.0 onfprhmkftls il k`btnhs bksths,ckf ilnhrkih, ffay i n a plskr, l` hphrtufh lfvail `k Nln hrak y ihounlfths il qul sl trktk.
_rvksl, puls, \_. ikr oulftk il` hmelth il lstkn a ohanafaokouf _. L . l` Wrlsailftl y trksn a
tarnl k rlsh`uoaf qul tlfbk i malf lxpliar.Iahs bukril i \_.
ekfkfh ]kstrh Vk`mkr.
7/25/2019 Memoria de Castro Zaldivar 1883
3/19
N L N H ] A K[ \ L L @ _ L _ H ] I L @ L B K I H
).nn aK_YH UK@a'K]L@LTK K@ _\raALa`H BHMAL]FH.
HJJKIH phr T. L . ohf l` okrbh il Kblftl Ohfdailfoak`, y ilspus ohf `hs ihIl`lbkih lf lstk okpatk` y W`lfaph
tlfoakrah lsploak` pkrk l` keustl il `kpkz : orlh ih f ilmlr nkfadlstkr T. L., `k vlz qul na prhdufih rlohfhoanalfth phr `ks rlatlrkiks prulmksqul nl ck ikih il a`anatkik ohf`akf-zk, `k nkflrk ohnh `h cl ``lvkih rk
mh, lsploak`nlftl lf `ks ihs pranlrks ohnasahfls (pal
ckf ohftramuaih prlpkrkr, `lftk y brkiuk`nlftl, l`p`kusam`l rlsu`tkih il vlr d`knlkfih l` pkml``f fkoahfk` lf l` vksth tlrrathrah qul kylr ooupkmku `kskrnks il Oca`l: y ih ckmlr pulsth, ohf lsh cloch, `kpranlrk palirk il uf phrvlfar ih rlblflrkoaf, qul`k darnlzk y `hs prhpsaths il _. L . sloufikihs phr
7/25/2019 Memoria de Castro Zaldivar 1883
4/19
thik, `k ]lpm`aok, skmrf ohrhfkr ohf l` xath nks
mra``kftl.@k ehrfkik il _kf Wkm`h, qul ia uf traufdh `ks
krnks fkoahfk`ls y uf iak il b`hrak k` Wlr, ohfvlfoa saf lnmkrbh Q. ` . , ohf `hs clochs qul prlslfoaknhs sumsabualftls, `k mktk``k, il qul `hs'pul-m`hs il `k ]lpm`aok, ftls tkf rlsul`ths skoradaoahs
il ufk bulrrk `krbk y orul` l.stkmkf yk phslihs illsl ilsk`alfth qul sul`l kphilrkrsl kuf ih `hs fanhs nks tlnp`kihs, oukfih vlf salnprl sh`h `k kivlrsaiki, ohnh trnafh dktk` ih sus clrhaohs lsdulrzhs.
K trkvs il` cunh il lsh ohnmktl sl iavaskmkf yk `hschrrhrls il ufk vlfbkfzk arrlsastam`l il` lflnabh,qul fh sl cazh lspltkr nuoch: y `hs nasnhs afalm`hs
qul fhs ckmakf `kfzkih `k prhslouoaf il `k bulrrk,fh sl slftakf okpkols il anatkr l` skoradaoah il `kcastraok Funkfoak. Lsths clochs rhmustloalrhf `kohfvaooaf il T. L. ilqul `k pkz hrk `k afaaok sk`vkoaf il `k Wktrak. @k pkz qul T. L . du l` `uanlrh lfkohfslekr ilsil l` ;9 ih Lflrh il ;33;.
_u oh`kmhrkihr lf `k bulrrk, quasl slr`h tknmaf
lf `k iadoa` hmrk il `k sk`vkoaf: y kolpt busthsh l`okrbh il Kblftl Ohfdailfoak` qul nl ohfda lu Eu`ahil ;33=: qul ilmak il ilslnplkr lf lst okpatk`, `kqul nl trks`ki afn liaktkn lftl, pkrk lstua`akr `ksatukoaf y `hs nliahs qul ilmakf dkoa`atkr `k rlk`azkoaf il` p`kf qul fhs ckmknhs trkzkih.
Na krramh lstk oauiki ``lf il afqualtui na lspratu: puls `ehs il lfohftrkr korranhs pkrtaikrahs il`k bulrrk, dlrvalftls sh.stlflihrls il `k pkz, `h qullfohftr du, ilsk`alfth, aforliu`aiki, oksa afiadlrlfoak phr `k sulrtl il` pkas.
@hs nkflehs il` Bhmalrfh orlkih pkrk `k pkz, y su
9
7/25/2019 Memoria de Castro Zaldivar 1883
5/19
ohslock (`l ilslfbkhs, ckcak dhrnkih lf ufhs, `k ohf
vaooaf il qul Oca`l fh ilslkmk l` trnafh il `k bulrrk: y lf htrhs, `k il qul, il `k kfkrquk lf qul vavknhs fh phiak rlsu`tkr `k pkz (pal, ilmak slr l`rlsu`tkih il` nhvanalfth uffanh il` pks lf tk`slftaih. @h oalrth ls qul fkial sl houpkmk il `k pkz, plskr il qul thihs slftkf su flolsaiki kmsh`utk, koksh phrqul `k orlkf ufk ksparklahf arrlk`azk
m`l._af lnmkrbh ih qul lstks oaroufstkfoaks iadaou`tk
mkf na ohnasaf, `k @ afqulmrkftkm`l qul cl nkftlfaih y nkftlfbh lf `hs duturhs ilstafhs il `k Wktrak shstuvalrhf na lftlrlzk: y `k pranlrk ia`ablfoakqul rkl prhpush daf'- afvlstabkr l` prhpsath il Oca`l,phr nliah il su W`lfaphtlfoakrah slhr ihf EhvauhFhvhk.
Ilspus il `akolr`l ohfholr l` ^uatrataoh plfsknalfth il Q. L., ( e a a l ohfsastak lf l` keustl il ufkpkz ilohrhsk, y prafoapk`nlftl lf ohhplrkr lsl rlsu`tkih, saf slauar il hmstou`h, ouk`qualrk qul dulrkl` okuia``h qul `k ``lvkrk trnafh, hmtuvl il kqul`
rlspltkm`l okmk``lrh ufk rlspulstk sktasdkothrak, lf `kqul, rlohfho ilsil l` pranlr nhnlfth prhdufiksafolraiki y `lk`ls prhp('6saths il karamkr lsl rlsu `tkih.
Ohfhoaik `k vh`uftki il Oca`l il ``lbkr `k pkz,rlbrls Okekrkkrlk ``lvkfih k` aftl`ablftl oauikikfhihu .Eu`ah _. Clrffilz qul ilmak prlstkr `k okusk
anphrtkftls slrvaoahs: y ihspuls il ohfdlrlfoakr ohuT. L . rlsploth `k afvlstabkoaf qul nh ckmk lfohnlfikih: tuvh malf lxphflr !k Fkoaf su rlsh`uoaf y sus prhpsaths lf l` brkvl y trksolfilftk`
nkfadalsth il Nhftkf, qul du `k oh`unfk il brkfath
7/25/2019 Memoria de Castro Zaldivar 1883
6/19
lf qul sl rlohst ilsil lfthfols `k dktabkik `alp-
m`aok.K tkf anphrtkftl ihounlfth ilmak slbuar ohnh
ohfsloulfoak `k rlufaf il `k _hmla'kfk Ksknm`lk il`Fhrtl: ilmalfih lstk afstk`krsl, nl dul' prloash kuslftkrnl il lstk oauiki pkrk ilslnplkr l` pulsthil ]lprlslftkftl phr l` olrokih ih Okeknkrof, ohfqul sl nl `akmak `ahurkih lf ufaf il` slhr ihothr
ihf Kfthfah Krlfks.Ck``mknl ilslnplkfih nas ilmlrls il Caputk-
ih, oukfih dua ilsabfkih phr T. L. pkrk `hs l`lvkihsokrbhs il Il`lbkih il` Bhmalrfh lf lstk okpatk`, y ilsu Nafastrh W`lfaphtlfoakrah kftl l` Bhmalrfh ilOca`l.
Ohfhoalfih na afsudaoalfoak=
6krk l` ilslnplh il`kmhrls tkf iadoa`lsfufok ohnh lfthfols tkf lrazkiks il pl`abrhs y lsoh``hsy rhilkih il afnlfsksrlsphfskma`aikils, ilm vkoa`kr ftls ih lockr phmrlnas ima`ls chnmrhs tkf brkvl plsh: plrh, qu lrkyh kftl `k Wktrak kmrunkik phr `k nks orul` il `ks kivlrsaikils8 ]lsh`v lf na fanh l` skoradaoah il na
plrshfk aftlrlsls, sa ` lrk flolskrah pkrk `k sk`vkoaf il` Wlr.Kolpt `k ihm`l nasaf ohf qul sl nl afvlstk) y
prhvasth il `ks afstruooahfls y philrls flolskrahs nlohfstatu lu lstk okpatk` lf Lflrh il` Vrlslftl kh.
_abualfih l` oursh il `ks ohfdlrlfoaks ohf l` slhrNafastrh ih Oca`l y lf thiks `ks ouk`ls sh caoalrhf fh
tkm`ls su drkfqulzk y `lk`tki: nl lxpush iltk``kiknlftl qul, tkfth flolsatkmk `k pkz Oca`l ohnh o`Wlr: plrh qul kqul``k ]lpm`aok sh`h `k keustkr`kohf uf Bhmalrfh plrukfh, qul dulrk `k lxprlsafil` pkas il su nkyhrk: y qul orlak aftlrprltkr
7/25/2019 Memoria de Castro Zaldivar 1883
7/19
dal`rklfth l` plfsknalfth il su Bhmalrfh k` kslburkr qul lstkmk darnlnlftl rlsul`th fh lftlfilrslhdaoak`nlftl ohf l` slhr Bkrok Ok`ilrf fa ol`lmrkr fafbf trktkih ohf ` phr vlftkehsh qul dulsl pkrk Oca`l.
Lf vkraks ohfdlrlfoaks qul sl sabualrhf, y lf vartui il ikths afdhrnls kuthrazkihs qul nl sunafas
tr l` lxprlskih Nafastrh, nl ohfvlfo p`lfknlftlilqul l` vlfolihr musokmk rlk`nlftl `k pkz.@k hpafaf pa'am`aok plrnkflok vkoa`kftl: thihs il
slkmkf `k pkz, ohnh sl ilslk uf brkf malf qul ls iadoa` k`okfzkr, plah fkial tlfak l` sudaoalftl vk`hr nhrk` pkrk prho`knkr`k kmalrtknlftl. Ohftramuk lstltlnhr oalrth runhr ilsdkvhrkm`l il `ks nksks ouyk
abfhrkfoak lxpah`kmkf mkma`nlftl iltlrnafkihs orou`hs ph`taohs qul nlirkmkf lf `k prh`hfbkoaf il `kok`knaiki pm`aok, 4 lf su ohfo`usaf ohf iltlrnafkih okuia``h. Cumh plrshfks qul pkrk ilsprlstabakrnas trkmkehs, y lfthrplolr `ks hplrkoahfls il T. L.,prhpk`kmkf fhtaoaks kmsuriks rl`ktavks krrlb`hs ohfl` slhr Bkrok Ok`ilrf, kuf ilspus il h`vaikih
y phspulsth lstl, ohnp`ltknlftl phr h` Bhmalrfh ilOca`l.
K `ks iadaou`tkils fkturk`ls il `k lnprlsk, sl kbrlbkmkf htrhs nuochs hmstou`hs qul `ks nk`ks pksahfls hdrlolf lf thih talneah lf ikh ih `ks mulfksokusks: prlrh dhrtadaokik okik vlz nks na d, y kphykik lf l` kuxa`ah il `k Iavafk Wrhvailfoak prhslbuna hmrk.
Hmliloa-auuh @a ausaruooahuls ul T. L ., qul ilslkmk ohfsu`tkr l` nkyhr koalrth lu `ks flbhoaklah-uls il `k pkz, nl iarae ihs oauikikfhs a`ustrkihsy lsplranhftkihs ou l` nkfleh il `hs flbhoahs pnm`a-
2
7/25/2019 Memoria de Castro Zaldivar 1883
8/19
lhs', qul dulrhf `hs slhrls ihf Ehs Kfthfah @kvk``l y l` ihothr ihf Ehs Kfthfah Bkroak y Bkrok. L `slhr @kvk``l, ouyh pktrahtasnh `ak pktlftazkih su`tan k `kmhr, ]olptkfih ilsil l` pranlr nhnlfth l`pulsth k` qul `h ``knkmk, nl ohftlst lquh phr `h nasnh qul ohnprlfiak `hs pl`abrhs qul rhilkmkf `hspkrtaikrahs il `k pkz, fh trlpaikmk lf pkrtaoapkr il
laahs, ilsil qul kmrabkmk l` ohfvlfoanalfth il qulslrvaknhs malf `hs aftlrlsls il` pkas." Lf ohfsloulfoak sh`aoat y hmtuvl su `amlrtki, kshoafihfhs lf l`ilslnplh il `k @lbkoalf kftl l` Bhmalrfh il Oma`l,il `k qul iknhs oulftk phr slpkrkih.
Ohnh nliah afiasplfskm`l il prhpkbkfik, ``lv okmh `k pum`aokoaf il` iakrah L` Wulm`h" dufikih
phr l` slhr ihf @uas N. Iukrtl, y dul rllnp`kzkih lu`k rlikooaf phr l` slhr ihothr ihf D. Lu`hbah Okshs: qualfls aftlrprltkfih ``l`nlftl na plfsknalfth y `k flolsaiki ph`taok qul ``lfkmkf, `hbrkrhf dulrzk il trkmkeh bkfkr l` dkvhr il` pm`aoh qul, ohftramuy nks tkril suplrkr `ks iadaou`tkils il htrh
Hrilf qul sl prlslftk`6kf pkrk su shstlfanalfth.Wkrk ufadaokr `k hpafaf il` pkas nl iaraea plrshfks fhtkm`ls ih lstk okpatk` y il `ks ilnks prhvafoaks il` ilpkrtknlfth, ksa ohnh `hs ohnkfikftlsna`atkrls il` Olftrh, nkfadlstfih`ls na slburaiki ihhmtlflr uf trktkih `h nlfhs hflrhsh k` eakas: y `uialfih lsths `tanhs uaak susplfsaf il chsta`aikils iu
rkftl `kV ohfdlrlfoaks. Ohf l` nasafh daf prlpkr ufkohnasaf il suelths rhspltkm`l.s qul, ilmak lftlfilrsl ohf l` Bafnk` Ooorls, `k qul fh puih ``lvkr kokmhsu hmelth phr ckmlrsl pal.slaatkih aaohaavlfalftls afsuplrkm`ls.
\fk il nas pranlrks nliaiks du prhvllr il kuth-
X 3
7/25/2019 Memoria de Castro Zaldivar 1883
9/19
y
`aiaails `hs Ilpkrtknlfths qul il k`bufk nkflrknkfadlstkmkf su kiclsaf `k okusk il `k pkz. LfDlmrlrh `tanh du fhnmrkih Wrldloth il` Ilpkrtknlfth il `lk l` pktrahtk oauikikfh ihf Ehs Nkful` Kbuarrl, qualf trksnat `ks rlsplotavks afstruooahfls. Lstl Wrldloth nhil`h, sloufikih phr l` _um-prluoth ih lsl Olrokih ihf Liukria) ;;. Mlrfkh`k,
fhnmrkih tknmaf phr `k Il`lbkoaf, `hbr ufaEalkr`k hpafaf y rlstkm`lolr `k ohf`akfzu, dkoa`atkfih `kilshoupkoaf il su tlrrathrah phr `ks dulrzks lflnabks, ohsk qul puil ohfslbuar hphrtufknlftl, elstah-`akfih lf lstk okpatk` kuth `k kuthaaiki rlsplotavk.
Ls il fhtkr qul `k nkyhrak il `hs `akmatkuths il`ilpkrtunluth il `lk `akf nkfadlstkih il.sil l` praf
oapah su iloasaf phr `k okusk il `k pkz. Lstl clochtalfl slfoa``k lsaEaouoahf, sa sl ktalfil qul lskphm`koaf, lslfoak`nlftl auiustaahsk y trkmkekihrk,sh`h efhsplrk mkeh `k shnmrk il` aihu y ih `k trkfqua`aiki.
@k Blaaikrnlrak il `lk du hrbkfazkik, rlnatalfihuf oukirh, ohnp`lth il hdaoak`ls y sh`ikihs vh`uftk
rahs qul sl k`astkrhf mkeh `ks rilfls il` ohnkfikftl ihf Askko Ocknhrrh: y ohnh caoalrkf flolskrak `korlkoaf ih uf lsoukirf ih okmk``lrak k`bufks pkrtaiks il nk`mlo`ahrhs qul nlrhilkmkf lu lshs vk``lsiaspusl tknmaf su hrbkfazkoaf `)keh `ks rilfls l`ohnkfikftl ihf N. ..Vrrakbk. Lstks dulrzks sarvlf kotuk`nlftl il ufk nkflrk ounp`aik, y pulilf slr `k
mksl ih oulrphs il `flk.K` nasnh talnph qul fhnmr Wrldloth pkrk Ylk, il
sabfl pkrk l` ilpkrtknlfth il Kykouoch k` slahr ihfNkful` ]hm`ls, qualf sl prlst ``lfh ih vh`uftki ylftusaksnh.
7/25/2019 Memoria de Castro Zaldivar 1883
10/19
Ohnprlfialfih qul lrk ufk anaehrtkfth kiquasaoaf`k ih `ks lftrkiks il `k Kiukfk il Wasoh, qul salnprl ck saih prhiuotavk, pusl brkfil ia`ablfoak lf hmtlflr `k ilshoupkoatua il `k efhvauoak il Ocafock,ohfsabuafih`k l` iak 9 il` prlslftl rkls, fh saf lnp`lkr k`bufhs lsdulrzhs pkrk k``kfkr `ks iadaou`tkilsqul hok-ahfkmkf `ks pkrtaiks il nhfthflrhs qul mkstk
ckol=
6hoh, `akf knkbkih lshs pulm`hs. Yku `ulbhohnh sl vlradao `k ilshoupkoaf, l` Wrldloth slbf afstruooahfls qul tlfak pkrk l` oksh, prhvly afnliaktkn lftl `k Kiukfk il `hs lnp`lkihs prhva.sahfk`ls
qul flolsatkmk su slrvaoah._hstlfalfih drloulfol ohnufaokoaf ohf plrshfks
afd`uylftls il iavlrshs ilpkrtknlfths ohnh hs il `lk,
Kykouoch y A`ukfokvl`aok, ohf qualfls earholiak ilkoulrih lf `hs trkmkehs proeakrkthrahs, qul mhy lstfprhiuoalfih rlsu`tkihs dkvhrkm`ls, `hbrkmk (i fhnmrknalfth il kuthraikils prlstabahsks qul ktrkakf kilpths funlaushs anphrtkftls.
Fhnmr Wrldloth il Caafuoh k` slhr ihf Vdkffl`Narkfik, quaf sh ohfstatuy lf l` `ubkr il su ilstafh, kohnaaukih il uf oukirh il hdaoak`ls ohf `hs qulilmk dhrnkrsl uf mktk``f slbf afstruooahfls qul`l tlfk ikiks. _u krramh A`aafuoh dul nhtavh ilohnp`kolfoak pkrk `hs ckmatkftls: plrh ilsbrkoakiknlftl, oukfih sl orlk ohfsh`aikik su kuthraiki, i avlrsks pkrtaiks il nhfthflrhs, kzuzkiks y iaraeaiks
eahr `hs iasplrshs il `aau an uocuoh `h hm`abkrhf ilekrsu pulsth, phr okrlolr il krnks pkrk ohnmktar`hs.Brkvls iadaou`tkils `ak hdrloaih o` ilpkrtknlftl il
Effaf, ouyh Wrldloth ihothr ihf Kfirs Yfaeah, tuvlqul trks`kikrsl Ykank ohf `ks plqulks dulrzks ilqul iasphfk, kohskih phr iavlrsks aakrtaiks krnkiks
;7 -
7/25/2019 Memoria de Castro Zaldivar 1883
11/19
qul sl orlylrhf k` prafoapah slr `kk nasnks pkrtaiks
il nhfthflrhs qul ckmakf afvkiaih A`ufuoh. Nkstkril sh suph qul lrk uf nhvanalfth tlfilftl `kilphsaoaf il` Wrldloth quaf sl kouskmk il k`bufhskmushs. Cumalrk kuxa`akih hphrtufknlftl lsl dufoahfkrah ohftrk `hs nhfthflrhs, safh cumalrkf saihtkf lsokshs `hs rlourshs ih qul iasphfk `k Il`lbkoaf qul kplfks mkstkmkf pkrk sktasdkolr `hs pliaihs il krnks qul ckoakf il Aok, il` Fhrtl y il htrhspufths, qul lrk nks urelutl ktlfilr. _af lnmkrbh rlnat .`ufaf `hs qul nl du anphsam`l ohfslbuar ohftk` hmelth.
Wkrk afvlstabkr `h qul cumalrk il oalrth lf `ks kouskoahfls qul sl ckokf ohftrk l` Wrldloth il lsl il
pkrtknlfth. rlsh`v lfvakr uf ohnasahfkih qul sl afdhrnkrk il `hs clochs y prhpusalrk nliah il prholilrlf eustaoak: phrh fh puih rlk`azkrsl na prhpsath, phrfh ckmlr lfohftrkih qualf quasalrk ilslnplkr `kohnasahf.
A.k prhvafoak il Okftk du ufk il `ks pranlrks lfkicla arsl ohf l` nkyhr lftusaksn h k` Bhmalrfh `al-
blflrkihr. Kprhvlockfih tkf mulfks iasphsaoahfls,hrilf k` Ohrhfl` ihf Nkful` il `k L. Tlfth, Ohnkfikftl Blflrk` il` Olftrh, trks`kiksl `k ohstkk `hs vh`uftkrahs qul hrbkfazkmk lf lsk prhvafoak pkrk lnmkrokr`hs ohu iarlooaf _k`kvlrry, ihfil ilmkf kunlftkr l` ldlotavh il` leroath il` Fhrtl. L` =2il` prhxanh pkskih sl nl ohnufao su kprhxankoahf
Ockfoky ohf vh`uftkrahs qul dulrhf k`hekihs ynkftlfaihs lf lsl pulrth, K` prhpah talnph prlpkrkmk l` v k p h r 'Ockrruk" pkrk su ohfiuooaf, ckoafihsl l` bksth il rlpkrkoahfls lf l` iaqul, y il prhvasahfls: plrh k ``k f fihsl lfthfols `hs hmstou`hs qul
7/25/2019 Memoria de Castro Zaldivar 1883
12/19
rltkrikmkf `k vlfaik il T. L. k` pulrth flutrk` il
Kfof, ilmalfih slr sun kn lftl rpaih l` vakel, ytlfalfih phok okpkoaiki l` Ockrrk pkrk ckolr `ktrks`koaf il trhpks lf l` vakel il rlbrulsh, ohfiuoalfih il ufk vlz l` leroath, lnp`lkihs, lto., rlsh`vkmkfihfkr l` ohftrkth il lsl vkphr, ohfsu`tkfih `kohfvlfalfoak il `ks hplrkoahfls.
Lf koulrihs pravkihs rlk`azkihs lf lstk okaaatk` ohfplrshfks aaa`uydtls il `ks prhvafoaks il Cukrho`eary Okltl, il `hs ouk`ls ck rlsu`tkih, fh sh`h `k kiclsaf il lsks prhvafoaks, saf `k kotavk ohhplrkoafil `ks plrshfks y l` fhnmrknalfth ih kuthraikilsph`taoks y na`atkrls: sl ck ohfslbuaih ilsil l` prafoapah `k ilskpkraoaf il `hs nhfthflrhs, il `k pra
nlrk, y ilspuhs `k pkoadaokoaf y trkfqua`aiki il `kslbufik, lnp`lkfih nliahs ohfoa`akthrahs ohnh l`lfvh il ohnasahfkihs qul sl ckf lftlfiaih ohf `hs
eldls nks okrkotlrazkihs, hmtlfafihsl phr lstl nliah l` lhnZ?`lth shnltanalfth `k kuthraiki il T. L.
@hs trkmkehs ih `k I l`lbkoaf fh sl `anatkmkfsh`h `hs ilpkrtknlfths il` Olftrh, tknmaf sl ohf
trkkf `hs il` Fhrtl, y nuy lsploak`n lftl k` ih `k@amlrtki, ouyk ilshoupkoaf anphrtkmk pkrk l` Bhmalrfh ufk fulvk dulftl il rlourshs. Ylfak htrh aftlrs l` il `amlrtkr `hs vloafhs ih lsk rlbaf y suafiustrak il` hflrhsh tramuth il bulrrk qul pkbkmkf ` lflnabh, y qul tlfak qul ohfo`uar, kfr`kuihl` talnph, phr `k ruafk il `hs ufhs y `k nulrth il
`k htrk. Kotavrfhs`ks ohfdlrlfoaks qul lu ufaf il`slhr @kvk``l ohnh W`lfaphtlfoakrahs shstlfknhsohf l` slhr Nafastrh il Oca`l, y ufk vhz `alomhl` krrlb`h prl`anafkr, hmtuvanhs `k ilshoupkoaf.
Wkrk ihtkr ohf `ks dulrzks flolskraks l` ilpkrtk-
;=
7/25/2019 Memoria de Castro Zaldivar 1883
13/19
nlft ilshoupkih, k`ast y rlnat Yruea``h =77 vh
`uftkrahs, ouyh fnlrh cumalrk saih nkyhr, sa sa slhr Il`lbkih il` Fhrtl Ohrhfl` Taik` Bkroak yBkrok, fh nl cumalrk ohnufaokih tlflr ohnp`ltksu ihtkoaf.
Ilsil f ``lbkik lstk okpatk` nl pusl lf ohnufaokoaf ohf plrshfks fhtk`a`ls il` Ilpkrtknlfth ilWakrk. Fhnmrkih Wrldloth l` slhr ihf Dlrfkfih _lnafkrah, y prhvasth il k`bufhs l`lnlfths il bulrrk,lf oukfth sl phslsahf il` philr, kihpt ufk ph`taoklquvhok, qul `h ``lv ilspus ckstk ilsohfholr k`Bhmalrfh qul `h fhnmrkrk. Ohf tk` nhtavh k`bufhspulm`hs ilsohfhoalrhf su kuthraiki, sl krnkrhf y sliaspusalrhf ohnmktar`h mkeh `ks rilfls il` ohrh
fl` ihf Blfkrh Okrrksoh, y salfih yk afnaflftl h`ochqul lftrl clrnkfhq nh vk` il plrshfks afd`uylftls lf l` fanh il` Wrldloth, prhourkfih ufkrrlb`h ohfoa`akthrah qul tlfkf phr mksl `k ilshoupkoaf il` ilpkrtknlfth phr `ks dulrzks il` ohrhfl`Okrrksoh, qualf hrilfl' su trks`koaf @knmkyl-qul, y l` fhn mrknalfth il ufk plrshfk prlstabahsk
pkrk `k Wrldloturk il Waurk, fhnmrfihsl lftfols pkrk tk` okrbh k` slhr ihf Kubusth _lnafkrah y Tks-ohfls qul rlfl `ks ohfiaoahfls a'lqaalraiks, krrlb`hqul da` kprhmkih phr Q. L .: plrh l` rlml`il Wrldloth,`lehs il ounp`ar phr su pkrtl `h kohrikih, sl prlpkrk `k rlsastlfoak, y sunafastrkmk krnks y htrhs l`lnlfths k `ks pkrtaiks il nhfthflrhs qul, prltls-
th il `k bulrrk, `akf ksh`kih l` ilpkrtknlfth ih @krk-mkyhqul. @k hpafaf pm`aok qul salrkaarl `h dulilsdkvhrum`!' `h cazh rlsabfkr l` phil: lf afkfls fl`slhr ihf .Kubusth tlafaaakrah.
Houpkih ilspus hsh ilpkrtknlfth phr dulrzks lfl
;?
7/25/2019 Memoria de Castro Zaldivar 1883
14/19
nabks qul anpusalrhf uf dulrtl ouph y rliuelrhf fprasaf `hs oauikikfhs qul fh puialrhf pkbkr`hthtk`nlftl, nl dul sktasdkothrah hmtlflr ohfsailrkm`lrliuooaf lf su nhfth y `k `amlrtki il `hs iltlfaihs.
Lf su hphrtufaiki y lnp`lkfih `hs nasnhs nliahs qul lf okshs kf`hbhs, du fhnmrkih Wrldloth il`ilpkrtknlfth il @knmkylqul ihf Mk`tkzkr Bkroak
rrutak.Kuf oukfih `hs ilpkrtknlfths il` _ur ckf lstkihmkeh `k lstrlock aVrlsahf il `ks dulrzks qul hmlilolfk` Ohftrk-K`narkftl Nhftlrh, fh ckf saih afiadlrlftls `k okusk fkoahfk`
Lf oukfth k` ilpkrtknlfth il Adhqulbaak quli`amrl il lsk prlsaf, prho`kn rlsul`tknlftl `k pkz y
rlohfhoa `k kuthraiki il` W rldloth ihf @lks Mlolrrk, fhnmrkih kftaoapkiknlftl phr lstk Il`lbkoaf,il koulrih salnprl ohf `hs vloafhs fhtkm`lsohf qualfls cl nkftlfaih ohfstkftl ohrrlsphfilfoak.
Ls slburh qul oukfih l` rlsth il lsk pkrtl il `k]lpm`aok pulik lsprlskr `amrlnlftl su vh`uftki,sl kprlsurkr ohfsh`aikr j hmrk ih sk`vkoaf prh
o`knkik phr Q. L. y qul lst ``lvkfih okmh ohftkfth y koalrth y dl`aoaiki.
Ohfvlfaiks yk ohf l` slhr Nafastrh il Oma`l `ksmksls lslfoak`ls il` trktkih prl`anafkr ih pkz. sl ckoak afiasplfskm`l `k kprh.xankoahf ih Q. L . Ek ohstk, yk pkrk dkoa`atkr `k ohnffahkoahf, qul ilmak slr-nks drloulfth, yk pkrk qul, ilsplrtkfih su prl.slfoakl` lftusaksnh lf `ks phm`koahfls qul rlohraak, puialrkkqua`ktaar l` Bhmalrfh il Oma`l l` brkih ih phpu`kra-iai qul yk `akfak ohfslbuaih lf `h.s eaulm`hs a`l` Fhrtll` Ohmalrfh ]lblflrkihr. Wlrh `k dk`tk il krnks ylquaph anpliakaa `kn kromk il` her-oath fkoahfk`.
;9
7/25/2019 Memoria de Castro Zaldivar 1883
15/19
Wkrk dkoa`atkr `k rlnasaf il lshs ta`ls, pkrk hhc-dlrofoakr ohf Q. L. shmrh bakvls ksufths il ftlrlspm`aoh, y ^.a afoa^ !a`noftl, eakrk kohrikr `h rl`ktavh `k ilshoupkoaf il lstk Okpatk`, t nprlfi vakel Ok-
eknkrok lf ;'= il Eu`ah `tanh, lfokrbkfih prhvasahfk`nlftl l` ilslnplh il `k Il`lbkoaf k` slhr ihfEhs Kfthfah il @kvk``l, qualf ohf mulfk vh`uftki,
sl prlst) slrvar su pktrak lf lstk fulvk ohnasaf.A dkmalaaih rloamaih il T. L. fulvks ausaruooahuls,y prulmks il ohaa`akfzk, rlbrls lf su ohnpkaak mkstk `k oauiki il Yruea``h, ohftafukfih na vakel lstk Okpatk`, ihfil ilmak rlksunar l` lelroaoah il `k Il`lbkoaf.
L` krramh il K. ;;. Yruea``h, `ks lxf`n`aiks nkfa
dlstkoahfls ih qul dul6 hmelth lf lsk oauiki, y `ks lsphftflks nulstrks il ma hpafaf pm`aok qul yk `hrhilkmk, ilnhstrkrlf k` lflnab`k kolptkoaf blflrk` il` Bhmalrfh il T. L. y `hs aforl'iu`hs. qul ckm`k ohna)`ltk slraliki lf `hs krrlb`hs ohu Oca`l.
Wkrtalfih ih lsths mlo`ahs, sh`aoatknhs `k afnliaktk ilshoupkoaf il @ank y l` Ok``kh, `h qul lstankmk oh
nh l` ohnp`lnlfth ih `k `kmhr ohfmu`k na pktrahtasnh: prhnlsk dhrnk` qul hmtuvanhs il `ks kuthraikils o`aa`lnas ilspus il suplrkr afnlfsks iadaou`tkilsqul sl prlslftkmkf.
Wrloapatfihsl y ilslfvh`vafihsl okik ik nks `hskohftloanalfths, y mkmafihsl lfohnlfikih !k Il`lbkoaf `ks `kmhrls il `k eldkturks ph`taoks, ouyk suprlsaf sl hrilf phr iasphsaoaf suprlnk il Eufah`tanh: `ks `kmhrls a`l `k slorltkrak il na ilspkoch lfohnlfikik ilsih l` ^)rafoapah k` oauikikfh I. EhsBrlbhrah K`leak, sudralrhf uf brkf rlokrbh. Wurk ktlfilr ilmaiknlftl `ks fulvks flolsaikils il` slrvaoah,
;4
7/25/2019 Memoria de Castro Zaldivar 1883
16/19
X AB
iasaausl lf ;. ih Eu`ah `aa hrbkfazkoaf il trls slooahfls `akrk `hs iavlrshs rknhs il kinafastrkoaf, ouyhplrshfk` y ihtkoahfls ohnufaapai k` Bh`aalrfh hphrtufkn lftl. L` oulrph il lnp`lkihs ck lstkih `kk`turk il `k `kmhr qul sl `l lfohnlfikrk il ufk nkflrk iabfk il `k ohu.stilrkoahf il` _u|arlnh Bhmalrfh.
aakualui hdrloaih pkrk ak _lorltkrak sus slrvaoahsl` Ir. I. Kfthfah I. Jlyfu, `hs kolpt, tlfalfihlf oulftk qul thik ohhplrkoaf dkoa`atkmk `k ohfslouoaf il` daf pktrataoh qul plrsr:btaaknhs.
Ohfstkftl kfcl`h na y iu` chfhrkm`l slhr @k-vk``l du ohfslbuar `k `amlrtki il fulstrhs ohnpktrahtks prasahflrhs lf Oca`l, y fh cumh ohfdlrlfoak
hoksaf qul sl fhs prlslftkrk, qul fh `k kprhvll`a- rknhs paialfih su `amlrtki: puialfih `ashfelkrfhsohf ckmlr ohfslbuaih `k vul`tk il nuochs il l``hsk` slfh il `k pktrak.
Lsoksh il dhfihs l` Bhmalrfh fh puih prhvllrnlil fafbufk o`ksl il rlourshs pkrk o` ilslnplh il `kIl`lbkoaf: y kufqul sl nl kuthraz phr `ly il Lflrh
il` prlslftl kh, skfoahfkik phr `k Ksknm`lk _hmlrkfk il` Fhrtl, pkrk `lvkftkr uf lnprstath, thiksnas ia`ablfoaks sl lstrl``krhf ohftrk `k ilsohfdakfzkqul afsparkmk l` fkoalftl Bhmalrfh Llblflrkohr: phrouyh nhtavh nas dhfihs pkrtaou`krls lstuvalrhf k` slrvaoah il `k okusk fkoahfk` mkstk qul, lf vsplrks illftrlbkrsl `ks kuthraikils fkoahfk`ls `k kiukfk
il _k`kvlrry, puil flbhoakr uf lnprstath ohf oksksil ohnlroah il lstk okpatk`, lnplkfih na oriathplrshfk` y lstapfakfih l` rllnmh`sh il ahs pranlrhsafbrlshs il iaock Kiukfk. Ilspus cl ohfslbuaihplqulhs prstknhs, il thihs `hs qul `al ikih oulftk
7/25/2019 Memoria de Castro Zaldivar 1883
17/19
Q . L . phr slpkrkih, y ohfstkf, tknmaf, iltk``kiknlftl lf `k oulftk blflrk` il `k Il`lbkoaf, qul prlslfth sudaoalftlnlftl ohnprhmkik lf `k dlock. Ilml tlflr prlslftl T. L. qul ohf rlsploth lsths lnprstaths, l` Lstkih fh talfl nks hm`abkoaf qul `k il ilvh`vlr `k okftaiki `quaik qul rloama.
Oukfih `k okusk afaoakik phr Q . L. ohnlfzkmk
oufiar ohf rkpailz y `ks plrshfks slfsktks, qul phrdl`aoaiki fh shf phoks, `k kphykmkf ohu su vhth: kou-iaku `hs iavlrshs `ubkrls yk lftrlbkihs kuthraikils plrukfks, nu`tatui il vh`uftkrahs ilslhshs illfrh`krsl lf `ks da`ks il` leroath: y lrk ih`hrhsh fhphilr kprhvlockr sus slrvaoahs phr dk`tk il krnks y
htrhs l`lnlfths. Wrlvlfaih phr T. L . pkrk `k kiquasaoaf il lsths ta`ls qul anpliaku l` kunlfth il suleroath, y skmlihr il qul lu lstk okpatk` hou`tkmkf`hs pkrtaou`krls nuocks krnks, qul dulrhf il` Lstkih:ohfsu`tkfih `k nkyhr okutl`k, kihpt thiks `ks nliaiks ohfiuolftls su kiquasaoaf phr nliah il ohnprk: y ksa `hbr rlufar uf rlbu`kr fnlrh ih krnks
il iavlrshs sastlnks, ls vlriki, lf nk` lstkih nuocksphr `k nkflrk il su hou`tkoaf, plrh salnprl mkehprloah: thih `h ouk` cazh flolskrak `k dhrnkoaf il uftk``lr qul ``lv okmh, ohf l` hmelth il qul dulrkfohfvlfalftln lftl rlpkrkiks. Wulstks lf kptatui ilslrvar, `ks rlnat T. L. y iavlrshs pufths ihfillrkf flolskraks, ohfdhrnl `h l.xabakf `ks oaroufs-
tkfoaks.@k kiquasaoaf il` vlstukrah, ok`zkih, nhfturks y
ilnks lquaph il trhpk sl ilml `aoatkoahfls pravkiksqul prhvhqu, ohfsu`tkfih pkrk l` Lasoh `k nks rbaiklohfhnk: puls `ks ohftrktks sl ialrhf `hs qul hdrloalrhf `ks vlftkeks il` nlfhr prloah, l` nlehr nkth-
;2
7/25/2019 Memoria de Castro Zaldivar 1883
18/19
rak`, y `ks slburaikils il `k ounp`aik lelouoaf.Yknmaf cl lfokrbkih phr ohfiuoth il ufk oksk
il ohnlroah ufk okftaiki orloaik il krnks y vlstukrahs il qul flolsatk l` Bhmalrfh, y oulftk il` ouk`ck rloamaih yk `k oksk ohftrktastk `k sunk il quafolna` sh`ls. Orlh ckmlr hmtlfaih lf lstl ohftrkth brkfils kchrrhs k` Lrkrah.
Ksaiuk ohfskbrkoaf y kotavaiki sl flolsatkmk pkrk `ks iadoa`ls `kmhrls il k`nkolfkel, rlnasaf y kohfiaoahfknalfth il `hs l`lnlfths il bulrrk kohpakihs.Wkrk ilslnplkr`ks fhnmr k` Eldl ih `k _looaf ilCkoalfik I. Qaothr Okstrh Ab`lsaks, saf rlnuflrkoafphr tkf fhtkm`l rlokrbh il ktramuoahfls: y lsth lnp`lkih nu`tap`aofihsl ohnh `h lxabkf `ks flolsa
ikils, ilslnpl su fulvk ohnasaf tknmaf ohffhtkm`l lxpliaoaf y ol`lraiki, ckoafih`h thih plrshfk`nlftl: puialfih iloarsl qul `h hphrtufh il `hsslrvaoahs lf lsl rilf, sl ilml lxo`usavkn lftl suafdktabkm`l `kmhrahsaiki.
Ckmafihnl nkfadlstkih `k Il`lbkoaf il` _uprl
nh Bhmalrfh lf l` Fhrtl, `k flolsaiki il tl`lbrkdastkspkrk l` mulf slrvaoah tl`lbrdaoh il `hs qaulm`hs il sunkfih: ohftrkt lf lstk oauiki `hs nks lxpliaths, ylfva k` Fhrtl uf plrshfk` ohnpltlftl qul mhy nasnhprlstkf sus anphrtkftls slrvaoahs.
K`bufhs, fh phohs vk`ahshs, aftlrlsls il` Lstkih clphiaih sk`vkr iurkftl na rl`koaf ohf l` _r. Nafastrh
il Oca`l, ouyk mulfk vh`uftki pkrk ktlfilr kqul``ks elstahfls `l lsthy kbrkiloaih, y `k il` _r. Blflrk` I. Wktraoah @yfoc , ohf qualf nl lftlfi ohf lsthnhtavh, phr pranlrk vlz.
Wrloapatfihsl l` krramh il T. L. lstk okpatk` phrvartui il` ilslfvh`vanalfth rpaih il `hs suolshs, y
;3
7/25/2019 Memoria de Castro Zaldivar 1883
19/19
fh prlstfihsl l` vkphr Ockrrk phr sus ohtaiaoah-fls pkrk l` ldloth il trks`kikr il ufk vlz k` pulrthil Kfof T. L ., eufth ohf su ohn atavk y leroath,d`lt l` vkphr Oh`hnmak, qul ilslnpl su ohnasafounp`aiknlftl lf l` talnew y nkflrk lstapu`kih.
Lstl du l` `tanh cloch lf qul nl houp ohnh Il`lbkih il` Bhmalrfh ilT. L. prlpkrkfih y dkoa`atkfih
su krramh lstk okpatk` qul salnprl lstan ohnh l`b`hrahsh lp`hbh il `k hmrk il su fkoanalfth ohnhBhmalrfh il` Wlr, mhy ohfsh`aikih y ohfdarnkih phr`k Hpafaf blflrk` il `k ]lpm`aok.
@krbk y plfhsk mk saih `k `kmhr qul T . L., nhlfohnlfikrk: nuy suplrahr nas ima`ls dulrzks,fufok lelroatkiks lf trkmkehs ph`taohs il tk` nkbfatui: lu su ilslnplh sh`h nl mk buakih ufk dafqulmrkftkm`l, na` vlols ohnmktaik, plrh salnprlvaothrahsk: y sa su daf fhs ohfiuol `k sk`vkoaf il`k Wktrak, ckrth rlohnplfskih y sktasdloch qulikr.
Whr `h ihnks thok T. L . thnkr lf ohfsailrkoaf`k nkflrk ohnh ml ilslnplkih `ks dufoahfls qul sl
sarva lfohnlfikrnl, y rlsh`vlr `h qul lstanh ohfvlfalftl.
@ank, ?7 il Hotumrl il ;33?.
Nkrakfh Okstrh Uk`iavkr.
;1
Top Related