7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
1/60
Hadiah & Ganjaran
The Abel Prize,Scandinavia AwardsdanFields Medal(matematik)
The Archibald Award, Hugo Awards(pencapaian dalam penulisan sains fiksyen)
TheBooker Prize(penulisan novel baginegara-negara Komenwel)
The Pulitzer Prize Winner(pencapaiantahunan dalam bidang kewartawanan, drama
dan muzik yang diberikan oleh UniversitiColumbia sejak 1917) Polar Music Prize(pencapaian dalam bidang
muzik) The Longitude Prize (pencapaian dalam bidang
maritim) The Lasker Medical research Awards
(pencapaian dalam penyelidikan perubatan) The Orteig Prize (pencapaian dalam bidang
aeronautic) The Pritzker Prize(pencapaian dalam seni
bina) The Crafoord Prize(pencapaian dalam
astronomi, biosains, geosains, matematik) The Catherine Wolfe Bruce Medal
(pencapaian dalam astronomi) The Wolf Prizes (pencapaian dalam bidang
umum)
The Turing Award(pencapaian dalam bidangsains computer)
The Wollaston Medal(pencapaian dalambidang geologi)
The Rolf Schock Prizes (logic, falsafah,matematik dan muzik)
The Gregori Aminoff Prize(crystallography) The Templeton Prize(pencapaian dalam
bidang agama) The Schock Prize (pencapaian dalam bidang
logic, falsafah, matematik, lukisan dan senimuzik)
The Millennium Technology Prize (pencapaiandalam bidang teknologi)
The Right Livelihood Awards (hadiah Nobelalternatif dalam enam bidang)
The Astrid Lindgren memorial Award(pencapaian dalam kesusteraan remaja dankanak-kanak)
Malcolm Baldrige Award(pencapaian kualitidalam organisasi)
Innovative Pionner Award(inovasi dan rekacipta)
The ASEAN Scince and Technology Awards(pencapaian sains dan teknologi)
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
2/60
Kreativiti Saintifik
memerihalkan tentang penemuan, rekacipta dan inovasi yang diperolehi olehindividu @ kelompok individu dalam
R&Dnya. KS berkait rapat denganbagaimana proses LOGIK, Genius(kepintaran), Peluang (chance), model
mental (imaginasi, serendipity etc) danZeitgeist (persekitaran) merangsang,
mendorong saintis dalam menjalankanpenyelidikanDean Keith Simonton (2004)
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
3/60
Scientific creativity tends to be
fostered by philosophical systemsthat stress empiricalism,materialism, individualism and
determinism
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
4/60
Alfred Bernhard Nobel
(1833 1896)sekiranya saya mendapat seribu idea setahun danhanya satu yang berhasil saya telah berpuahati
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
5/60
Biografi ringkas
Lahir pada 21 Oktober 1833, Stockholm, sweden Bapa seorang jurutera
Dibesarkan di Sweden dan Rusia
Meminati bidang kimia, fizik dan kesusasteraan
Memiliki 90 kilang di 20 buah negara Menandatangani wasiat pada 27 November 1895
Memperoleh 355 paten
Meninggal dunia pada 10 Disember 1896
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
6/60
Hadiah Nobel:Sepintas Lalu
6000 penyertaan setiap tahun; 400disenaraipendek
Borang pencalonan mesti dihantar sebelum 31Januari
Februari Oktober penilaian dibuat olehjawatankuasa Pemenang akan diraikan sebelum dan selepas
hari penyampaian hadiah 10 Disember hari penyampaian pingat, diploma
dan ucap utama di Sweden dan Norway diStockholm Concert Hall
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
7/60
Fakta Hadiah Nobel Bermula pada 1901 (103 tahun)
Hadiah disampaikan pada 10 Disember setiap tahun
735 pemenang individu & organisasi
Hadiah bernilai USD1 juta (RM3.8 juta)
Pemenang berumur purata 40-an (termuda 25 & tertua87)
Ada pemenang yang menolak hadiah nobel atas pelbagaifaktor
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
8/60
6 Kategori Hadiah Nobel
Fizik
Kimia
Perubatan & Fisiologi (Institut Karolinska) Kesusasteraan (Swedish Academy)
Keamanan (Jawatankuasa Parlimen Norway)
Ekonomi (Swedish National Bank)
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
9/60
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
10/60
When the Nobel Prize is awarded, noshortlistof top candidates is ever announced. The
decision is final. Glaring mistakes or omissionshave been made, but no award is everreversed or altered, even disputes inside thecommittees occasionally erupt into public
sight
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
11/60
But new or old, the Nobel Prize stilloutrages them all. It was the first
important regular prize to include notonly the arts and sciences but politicsin the form of peace. It was
internationalprize(Feldman, 2000)
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
12/60
A Laureate is a personhonored forhigh
achievementin aparticularfield. A nobel laureate issomeone who awarded the
Nobel Prize.
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
13/60
Isotop, sebatian akrilik, hormon seks, vitamin C, vitamin B,
penghabluran enzim, sintesis amonia, teknologi polimer tinggi,kimia makromolekul, DNA, RNA, fuleren, molekul hidrokarbon,
NMR, sinar X, radioaktif spontan, optik jitu, spektoskopisinar X, teori kuantum, teori relativiti, neutron, sinaran
kosmik, positron, magnet proton, fizik tekanan tinggi, kebuk
awan wilson, teori meson, struktur spektrum hidrogen,semikonduktor, kesan transistor, antiproton, elektrodinamikkuantum, fizik zarah asas, pengembangan holografi, meson
psi, fizik suhu rendah, zarah kuasi, zarah w dan z, kesan Hallterkuantum, tau lepton, neutrino, penyerakan neutron, proton
sel dan asid nukleik, gerakbalas alergi, imunisasi,elektrokardiograf, vitamin K, penisilin, kitar krebs,metabolisme gula, vaksin demam kuning, kromosom danketurunan, perkembangan embrio, kod genetik, persepsi
tampak dll.
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
14/60
there can be no creativity if a
product is not strongly rooted in thepast, because in order for audience toeven understand the product, we must
have some frame of reference, and this
can only be supplied by the past.Without some sort of reference to the
past, there would be no coherence: Theproduct would make no sense to us.
Bailin (1984)
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
15/60
Nobel laureates are people who have doneextraordinary things. They are noted for theirdiscoveries, inventions and improvements to theexisting way of life. This requires CREATIVITY.
CREATIVITY helps in extraordinary efforts bylooking for new ways of doing things. It improvesthe present way of doing things
Ulf Larsson (2004)
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
16/60
H Kreativiti
(proses kreativiti)
P Kreativiti
Boden (1998)
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
17/60
Sublime creativity
Specific Creativity
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
18/60
creativity denotes a persons
capacity to produce new or originalideas, insights, inventions orartistic products which are
accepted by experts as being ofscientific, aesthetic, social or
technical value
Vernon (1989)
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
19/60
Nobel prize winners are proudly andgreedily claimed by their nations,
universities, hometowns, political causes,professional organizations and any
interested parties(Lee, 2002)
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
20/60
Hadiah Nobel &
Kecemerlangan Universiti Universiti Chicago, US(77 pemenang)
Universiti Columbia, US(71 pemenang)
MIT, US (56 pemenang) Universiti Harvard, US
(40 pemenang) Kolej Trinity, US (31
pemenang)
Universiti John Hopkins,US (30 pemenang) Universiti Caltech, US
(28 pemenang)
Universiti Cambridge, UK(80 pemenang)
Universiti Manchester,UK (21 pemenang)
Kolej Imperial, UK (4pemenang) Universiti Oxford, UK (24
pemenang)
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
21/60
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
22/60
Elemen Universiti Bertaraf Dunia
1. Kualiti program yang ditawarkan2. Bilangan dan kualiti ahli akademik
3. Sarjana tersohor dalam sesuatu disiplin.
4. Kualiti pelajar yang diterima masuk.
5. Kemudahan P&P.
6. Jumlah paten yang diperolehi daripada inovasi.
7. Dana bagi R&D.
8. Pusat kecemerlangan yang berasaskan R&D (Centre ofexcellence)
9. Dana dan peranan alumni.
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
23/60
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
24/60
School claims any piece of a laureate theycan. If the laureate studied there, studiedthere, taught there, did some researchthere, or somehow affiliated, plaques orbronze scroll or even oil portraits are aptschools reputation can rise or fall
thereby.(Feldman, 2000)
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
25/60
Universiti Eropah & Asia
Universiti Utrecht,Jerman (12 pemenang)
Universiti Sorbonne,Perancis (7 pemenang)
Universiti Zurich,Switzerland (3 pemenang) Universiti Leiden, Belanda
(3 pemenang) Universiti Helsinki,
Findland (1 pemenang) Universiti Nagoya, Jepun(1 pemenang)
Universiti Vienna, Austria(2 pemenang)
Universiti Culcutta, India Universiti Moscow, Rusia
(2 pemenang) Universiti Kebangsaan
Australia (1 pemenang) Universiti Rom, Itali(1
pemenang)
Universiti Madrid,Sepanyol(1 pemenang)
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
26/60
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
27/60
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
28/60
Onething is certain: The creative age is a wide opengame. No single country or region had a lock on it.While many assume that the United states has anunbeatable edge, its position is more tenous thancommonly thought. The U.S certainly has many assetswith which to compete. Over the past century and a
half, it built the most powerful and dynamic economyin the world, and it did so largely by building creativestrength: by eagerly fostering the birth of newindustries, by maintaining a free and open society, by
making massive investments in creativity (such as inhigher education, scientific research and culture) andmost of all, by drawing waves of enegetic, intelligentpeople from all over theworld(Florida, 2004)
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
29/60
Hadiah Nobel &
Kecemerlangan Negara Amerika Syarikat (270pemenang)
United kingdom (100pemenang)
Jerman (77 pemenang) Perancis (49 pemenang) Switzerland (15
pemenang) Sweden (17 pemenang) Rusia (12 pemenang)
Belanda (13 pemenang) Denmark (9 pemenang) Itali (14 pemenang) Kanada (10 pemenang)
Jepun (9 pemenang) Belgium (5 pemenang) Norway (3 pemenang) Argentina (2 pemenang)
India (3 pemenang) China (2 pemenang) Afrika Selatan (2
pemenang) Taiwan (1 pemenang) Burma (1 pemenang) Tibet (1 pemenang) Austria Sepanyol Vietnam
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
30/60
Amerika Syarikat dan negara-negara Eropahmendahului negara-negara lain. Laporan TheSutton Trustmenyatakan sejak 1970 rakyatAmerika Syarikat memenangai 48% daripada
keseluruhan penerima hadiah Nobel. Ini diikutioleh Britain (14%), Jerman (12%), Negara-negara Eropah Eropah seperti Switzerland,Itali, Austria, Hungary, Sepanyol, Norway,
Belgium, Belanda, Sweden (22%), Jepun (1%),
negara-negara lain seperti Vietnam, Burma,India, Tibet, China, Taiwan, Kanada, Afrika
Selatan dan sebagainya (2%).
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
31/60
Faktor-faktor
PenyuburanKreativiti Saintifik
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
32/60
KepintaranPengetahuan
Pembolehubah Kemahiran teknikalKognitif Domain khusus
Faktor politik-agama
Pembolehubah Faktor budayaPersekitaran Faktor sosioekonomi
Faktor pendidikan
Motivasi dalaman
Pembolehubah KeyakinanPersonaliti Non-conformitySifat-sifat kreatif
H.J Eysenck (1970)
Pencapaian
KREATIVITITINGGI
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
33/60
Motivasi
Studies of personalities of highly creativepeople have described them as being
totally absorbed in and devoted to their
work and people who doing what theyloved were more creative in their
pursuits.
Collins dan Amabile (1999)
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
34/60
Masa
As in any field, one has to be creative.You dont solve problem unless you spend alot of time on it. Nothing comes easily, and
creators in the sciences and mathematicsdomains work very hard and have will tosucceed
(Piirto, 2004)
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
35/60
Kepintaran Kognitif
memiliki memori yang baik dalam matematikdan sains
memiliki kebolehan menyelesaikan masalah dan
kadang-kadang memiliki kebolehan intuitifuntuk memperoleh penyelesaian mempunyai kemampuan untuk menganalisis
proses taakulan sains kebolehan mencipta masalah dan
menyelesaikannya
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
36/60
is that highly intelligentpeople are more likely to be
creative than are people withlower intelligence.
Nickerson & Perkins (1999)
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
37/60
Intelligence determines the upper limits of apersonsability to obtain and store information withoutactually being itself part of creativity. The degree ofcreativity depends upon the amount of noveltycreated in the processing of the information madeavailable byintelligence. Cropley (2003)
At some point in their lives, each of theseindividuals discovered the most important key to
creativity. They actively used their imaginations togo beyond theirknowledge.Gamez (2000)
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
38/60
Persekitaran Kreatif
Tokyo Vienna Paris Cambridge
Berkeley Chicago CERN, Swiss Pasteur Institute Basel Institute of Immunology Budapest Makmal Bell
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
39/60
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
40/60
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
41/60
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
42/60
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
43/60
The right milieu is important in more ways thanone. It can affect the production of novelty as
well as its acceptance; therefore, it is notsurprising that creative individuals tend to
gravitate toward centres of vital activity, wheretheir work has the chance of succeeding.
Csikszentmihalyi (1996)
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
44/60
Mentor-Mentee
Th R l f Ch i
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
45/60
The Role of Chance inDiscovery
insights of genius
the faculty of making fortunate discoveries byaccident.
Creative scientists are not passive recipientsof the unexpected, but actively create theconditions for discovering the unexpected andhave a robust mental toolkit that makesdiscovery possible
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
46/60
Domain Spesifik
Kebolehansintetik
Kebolehanpraktikal
Kebolehananalitikal
3
2
1
Komponen Sternberg (1990)
1. Hasil kerja & domainpengetahuan khusus2. Penemuan baru3. Pengiktirafan sosial
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
47/60
Motivasi
kepakaran
Kemahiran
kreativiti
Amabile (1999)
PERSEKITARAN
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
48/60
Umur & Produktivitiproduktiviti saintifik seseorang saintis akanbermula pada awal usia 20-an dan akan semakinperlahan pada usia awal 40-an. Ahli Botanidan pakar wabak sangat produktif pada usiaawal 30-an. Ahli bacteria, fisiologi, patologidan saintis perubatan am sangat produktif pada
usia lewat 30-an. Ahli kimia pula berada padatahap kemuncaknya pada lewat 20-an. Alimatematik dan fizik berada pada tahapkemuncak pada usia awal 30-an. Manakala ahligeologi dan ahli astronomi sangat produktifpada usia lewat 30-an. Menurut kajian yangdijalankan oleh Simonton menunjukkan saintisyang produktif pada awal usia 20-an akanterus menghasilkan penemuan saintifik. Merekajuga sangat aktif menerbitkan artikel,menghasilkan buku, monograf dan kertas
saintifik.
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
49/60
Mentor
One of the most common featuresabout the research careers of Nobel
laureates is that many have worked atsome point under former of future Nobel
laureate or with someone closelyassociated with laureate
Hargitaii (2002)
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
50/60
FIZIK
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
51/60
KIMIA
PERUBATAN & FISIOLOGI
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
52/60
PERUBATAN & FISIOLOGI
E E
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
53/60
KESUSASTERAAN
E
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
54/60
KEAMANAN
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
55/60
EKONOMI
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
56/60
Sarjana Islam
Algorism
Avicenna
Geber Alkindus
Thebit
Albategnius
Alhazen
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
57/60
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
58/60
Ibnu Sina
10 tahun hafal Quran 16 belajar perubtan 18 doktor istana Suka menggembara
kerana ilmu Meninggal dunia 57 tahun Karya-karya meliputi;
Logik Kesusteraan
Matematik Astronomi muzik
Menulis 50 halamansehari
Hasilkan 456buku/risalah(7 buku setahun)
Karya agungnya adalah;canon of medicine(14 jilid)
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
59/60
I challenge the Malaysian ScientificCommunity to produce a Nobel
Laureates by the year 2020
Mahathir Mohamad (2 Disember 98)
Hadiah Nobel & Cabaran
7/29/2019 Kreativiti Saintifik
60/60
Hadiah Nobel & CabaranSaintis Malaysia
Saya berpendapat kita masih belum mempunyaipersekitaran dan budaya ilmu yang mantap,termasuklah IPT dan pusat penyelidikan tempatan.Aktiviti penyelidikan, penerokaan dan
penjelajahan ilmu secara naluri bukan satufenomena lumarah di Malaysia. Kita berbuatdemikian, barangkali lebih banyak didorong (ataulebih tepat lagi dipaksa) oleh faktor kewangan,status sosial, pangkat dan sebagainya (Zaini,
2004)
Top Related