GENERAL ORIGINS Chemistry CO 2 + H 2 O H 2 CO 3 H + + HCO 3 - H
+ + CaCO 3 Ca 2+ + (HCO 3 ) - CaCO 3 + H 2 O + CO 2 Ca 2+ + 2HCO 3
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Climates
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Rainfall
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Bedrock High purity: limestone and dolostoneHigh purity:
limestone and dolostone Compactness: highly durable of mechanical
weatheringCompactness: highly durable of mechanical weathering
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KARST FEATURES AND LANDFORMS Karst ValleysKarst Valleys
Allogenic valleysAllogenic valleys Blind and dry valleysBlind and
dry valleys Pocket valleysPocket valleys
(1)(1) A huge thickness of limestone (2)(2) A layer of alluvium
overlying the limestone of a karst plain (3)(3) A water table that
is stable and is maintained at the level of the karst plain (4)(4)
Major inflows of water and clastic sediment that can recharge and
maintain the alluvial plain (5)(5) Slow tectonic uplift that
matches surface denudation (6)(6) Equilibrium between rates of
surface lowering and lateral planation Requirements for
FenglinRequirements for Fenglin