De invloed van vermogenselektronica in de scheepsbouw
Pieter Vos
IHC Drives & Automation B.V.
Inhoud
• Self Propelled Cutter Suction Dredger “Al Bahar C/D Huta 12”
• Single Line
• Design challenges
• Limited space
• High short circuit current
• Harmonic distortion
• DC grid?
SP CSD Al Bahar C/D Huta 12
Physical properties
Length (OA): 122,5 m
Width: 21,7 m
Depth: 6,8 m
Draft (loaded): 5 m
Speed: 9 knts
Cutter power: 3500 kW
Total power: 23545 kW
Dredging depth: 28 m
Animation CSD IHC8527
SP CSD Al Bahar C/D Huta 12
Dredging automation
• Test field near Haringvlietbrug
• Accuracy: 0,1 m
Single line Huta 12
6
G2G1 G4G3
Inboard
Dredge
Pump
Propulsion /
Subm Dredge
Pump
Winch
Drive
Cabinet
AuxInboard
Dredge
Pump
Propulsion /
Cutter
400V
Consumers
Em
400V
Consumers
400V
Consumers
PS
Shore
Supply
PS SB
AUX SWB
400V
EM SWB
400V
MAIN SWB
690VSB
230V
Distribution
230V
Distribution
BT_MSB
BT_AUX
Single line Huta 12
7
G2G1 G4G3
Inboard
Dredge
Pump
Propulsion /
Subm Dredge
Pump
Winch
Drive
Cabinet
AuxInboard
Dredge
Pump
Propulsion /
Cutter
400V
Consumers
Em
400V
Consumers
400V
Consumers
PS
Shore
Supply
PS SB
AUX SWB
400V
EM SWB
400V
MAIN SWB
690VSB
230V
Distribution
230V
Distribution
BT_MSB
BT_AUXMain switchboard
• Limit of 690V system, due to short circuit switching capacity
• All consumers on Main Switchboard are 6-pulse rectifiers
• High harmonic distortion (>15%)
• No transformers
The Huta 12 project: Systems on board (1)
• Power generation 23 MW:
• 2 Main diesel engines with control system: 4 generators
• 1 Auxiliary diesel engine with control system: 1 generator
• 1 Emergency diesel engine with control system: 1 generator
• Power distribution: 5 switch boards, 9 distribution boards, 3 transformers;
• Main consumers:
• Propulsion system: 3.180 kW: 2 motors, 2 frequency converters;
• Dredge pumps: 10.600kW: 3 motors, 3 frequency converters;
• Winches: 1.500kW: 4 motors, 4 frequency converters;
• Cutter system 3.500kW: 2 motors, 2 frequency converters;
• Board net 400V: 1.500kW: 1 frequency converter, 1 transformer
8
The Huta 12 project: Systems on board (2)
• Hydraulic systems
• Cooling water systems
• Fuel oil systems
• Lubrication oil systems
• HVAC system
• Fresh water system
• Grey and black water system
• Bilge system
• Galley and pantry equipment
• Fire detection and fire fighting system
• Lighting system
• Navigation system
• External communication system
• Internal communication system
(telephone, intercom)
• Infotainment system (television, radio)
• Platform Automation system (VMS,
PMS, AMS, PCS) (1500 I/O)
• Dredging Automation system (1000 I/O)
• Office computer systems
• Power, signal and communication cable
(approx, 95km)
9
The Huta 12 project: location of equipment
10
Engine room SWB rooms
Cutter & SDP motors
Side winches
Ladder winches
The Huta 12 project: location of equipment
11
Main engines-
generators
Propulsion
system Dredge
pumps Dredging
Pipe line
The Huta 12 project: Generators and switch boards
12
Main Engines Generators
MSB 690V
Aux Generator
Em Generator
Em Switchboard
Aux Switchboard
The Huta 12 project: Dredging mode
13
Frequency
Converters
Inboard Dredge Pumps
Cutter Motors
Submerged Dredge Pump
Winch Motors
The Huta 12 project: Design challenges (1)
• Very limited space available
for all electrical equipment
14
400V Aux, SWB
690V Main SWB
Frequency converters
Board net transformer 690/400Vac
Cable routing
16
Input power
Cable connections
System
control
section
Liquid
cooling unit
4 frequency
drives connected
to 1 motor
Dredge pump drive cabinet: 4200kW
Connection inboard dredge pump drive 4200kW
The Huta 12 project: Design challenges (2) • High short circuit power:
• Main generators 690Vac, 4500KVA, In=3765A per generator
18
In=3765A In=3765A In=3765A In=3765A
The Huta 12 project: Design challenges (2) • High short circuit power:
• Main generators 690Vac, 4500KVA, Xd”=13%
19
Short circuit
Ik”=29kA
Ip=72kA
Ik=28,5kA
Is=72,6kA Ik=28,5kA
Is=72,6kA
Ik”=29kA
Ip=72kA
Ip=290kA
The Huta 12 project: Design challenges (2) • High short circuit power:
• Main generators 690Vac, 4500KVA, Xd”=13%
20
Short circuit
Ik”=29kA
Ip=72kA
Ik=28,5kA
Is=72,6kA Ik=28,5kA
Is=72,6kA
Ik”=29kA
Ip=72kA
Ip=290kA
𝐼𝑘" =100 ∗ 𝐼𝑛
𝑋𝑑"
𝐼𝑘" =100 ∗ 3,765
13= 29 𝑘𝐴
𝐼𝑝~ 2 ∗ 1,75 ∗ 𝐼𝑘”
𝐼𝑝~ 2 ∗ 1,75 ∗ 29 = 72𝑘𝐴 /generator
𝐼𝑝 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 4 ∗ 72 = 288𝑘𝐴
IEC61363 (Marine)
𝑖𝑝(𝑡) = 2 ∗ 𝑖𝑎𝑐 (𝑡) + 𝑖𝑑𝑐 (𝑡) 𝑖𝑎𝑐 (𝑡) = (𝐼𝑘" − 𝐼𝑘′)𝑒−𝑡/𝜏" + (𝐼𝑘′ − 𝐼𝑘) 𝑒−𝑡/𝜏′
𝑖𝑑𝑐 (𝑡) = 2(𝐼𝑘" − 𝐼0 sin 𝜗)𝑒−𝑡/𝜏𝑑𝑐
The Huta 12 project: Design challenges (2) • High short circuit power:
• Main generators 690Vac, 4500KVA, Xd”=13%
21
Short circuit
Ik”=29kA
Ip=72kA
Ik=28,5kA
Is=72,6kA Ik=28,5kA
Is=72,6kA
Ik”=29kA
Ip=72kA
Ip=290kA
𝐼𝑘" =100 ∗ 𝐼𝑛
𝑋𝑑"
𝐼𝑘" =100 ∗ 3,765
13= 29 𝑘𝐴
𝐼𝑝~ 2 ∗ 1,75 ∗ 𝐼𝑘”
𝐼𝑝~ 2 ∗ 1,75 ∗ 29 = 72𝑘𝐴 /generator
𝐼𝑝 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 4 ∗ 72 = 288𝑘𝐴
IEC61363 (Marine)
𝑖𝑝(𝑡) = 2 ∗ 𝑖𝑎𝑐 (𝑡) + 𝑖𝑑𝑐 (𝑡) 𝑖𝑎𝑐 (𝑡) = (𝐼𝑘" − 𝐼𝑘′)𝑒−𝑡/𝜏" + (𝐼𝑘′ − 𝐼𝑘) 𝑒−𝑡/𝜏′
𝑖𝑑𝑐 (𝑡) = 2(𝐼𝑘" − 𝐼0 sin 𝜗)𝑒−𝑡/𝜏𝑑𝑐
Maximum currents AC circuit breakers:
ABB : Emax E6V:
Rated service voltage: Ue 690 V
Max rated uninterrupted current: size 6300 A
Rated ultimate braking capacity: icu (Ik”) 100 kA
Rated making capacity (peak value): icm (Ip) 220 kA
The Huta 12 project: Design challenges (2) • High short circuit power:
• Special circuit breaker reduces short circuit
current
22
Ik=29kA
Ip=72kA
Ik=28,5kA
Is=72,6kA Ik=28,5kA
Is=72,6kA
Ik=29kA
Ip=72kA
Short circuit
Ip=170kA
Schneider Electric
Masterpact UR
Ultra rapid 6000A circuit breaker
The Huta 12 project: Design challenges (2) • High short circuit power:
• Special circuit breaker reduces short circuit
current
23
Ik=29kA
Ip=72kA
Ik=28,5kA
Is=72,6kA Ik=28,5kA
Is=72,6kA
Ik=29kA
Ip=72kA
Short circuit
Ip=170kA
Schneider Electric
Masterpact UR
Ultra rapid 6000A circuit breaker
The Huta 12 project: Design challenges (3)
24
G2G1 G4G3
Inboard
Dredge
Pump
Propulsion /
Subm Dredge
Pump
Winch
Drive
Cabinet
AuxInboard
Dredge
Pump
Propulsion /
Cutter
400V
Consumers
Em
400V
Consumers
400V
Consumers
PS
Shore
Supply
PS SB
AUX SWB
400V
EM SWB
400V
MAIN SWB
690VSB
230V
Distribution
230V
Distribution
BT_MSB
BT_AUX
• Very high harmonic distortion on voltage and current:
Bureau Veritas (BV) Rules Harmonic Distorsion 2.4.2 For components intended for systems fed by static converters, and/or systems in which the static converter load predominates, it is assumed that:
• the single harmonics do not exceed 5% of the nominal voltage up to the 15th harmonic of the nominal frequency, decreasing to 1% at the 100th harmonic (see fig 1), and that
• the total harmonic distortion does not exceed 10%.
Figure 1
2.4.3 Higher values for the harmonic content (e,g, in electric propulsion plant
systems) may be accepted on the basis of correct operation of all electrical
devices,
Harmonic Distorsion Huta 12 Main Switchboard
n %THDv %THDi
1 100,00% 100,00%
5 12,56% 19,55%
7 6,76% 7,52%
11 3,65% 2,58%
13 3,55% 2,13%
17 2,92% 1,34%
19 2,33% 0,95%
23 1,83% 0,62%
25 1,87% 0,58%
29 1,59% 0,43%
31 1,37% 0,35%
35 1,27% 0,28%
37 1,26% 0,26%
41 1,10% 0,21%
43 1,01% 0,18%
47 0,95% 0,16%
49 0,94% 0,15%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
5 7 11 13 17 19 23 25 29 31 35 37 41 43 47 49
%THDv %THDi
% Load %THDv %THDi
10 3,5% 33,3%
25 6,8% 30,5%
50 10,9% 25,8%
75 14,0% 23,0%
100 16,9% 20,9%
𝑡𝑝𝑓 =𝑝𝑓
1 + 𝑇𝐻𝐷𝑖2
𝑝𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑟
= 0,96
𝑡𝑝𝑓 =0,96
1 + 0,2092= 0,94
DC-grid?
• Big difference between installed power and used power
• Energy recovery
• Special requirements
• Environmental
• Legislation
• Noise & vibration
• Emissions
• Huta 12 project:
• DC-grid for winches
Thank you
IHC Drives and Automation B.V.
Pieter Vos Senior Specialist T +31184431983 M +31623852442 [email protected]
P.O. Box 41, 3360 AA Sliedrecht Industrieweg 30, 3361 HJ Sliedrecht The Netherlands
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