© EnerNOC Inc.
Data Driven Retro-Commissioning &
Monitoring Based Commissioning
Vivek Ghosh, Shane Russell
September 12, 2012
2
Agenda
Introduction
Retro-Commissioning
– Steps & Best Practices
Monitoring Based-Commissioning
– Continuous CommissioningTM
– Data-Driven
Conclusions and Questions
3
Agenda
Introduction
Retro-Commissioning
– Steps & Best Practices
Monitoring Based-Commissioning
– Continuous CommissioningTM
– Data-Driven
Conclusions and Questions
4
Agenda
Introduction
Retro-Commissioning
– Steps & Best Practices
Monitoring Based-Commissioning
– Continuous CommissioningTM
– Data-Driven
Conclusions and Questions
5
Agenda
Introduction
Retro-Commissioning
– Steps & Best Practices
Monitoring Based-Commissioning
– Continuous CommissioningTM
– Data-Driven
Conclusions and Questions
6
Introduction to Commissioning
New Building Commissioning
The process of assuring that new buildings are designed and constructed
to meet the owner’s project requirements
Retro-Commissioning (RCx)
Testing and adjusting building systems to meet the original design intent
and/or optimize systems to satisfy current operational needs
Monitoring Based-Commisioning (MBCx)
Track BMS points in real-time to identify energy efficiency and operational
improvement opportunities as they occur
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Introduction to Commissioning
Commissioning Goals
Verify that the facility satisfies the owner’s functional needs
Ensure energy efficient operation
Improve space comfort and indoor air quality
Reduce O&M emergency calls
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Retro-Commissioning
Planning Phase Pre-Investigation
Phase
Investigation Phase Implementation
Phase
Handoff Phase
Develop
MBCx Plan
Develop
Findings Log
Template
Kick-off
Meeting
Initial Site
Survey
Develop
M&V Plan
Evaluate/Calibrate
Existing Monitoring
System
Recommend
Additional Monitoring
Systems
Setup Sample
Trends/Collect
Sample Data
Assess Data Quality
Populate Findings
Log
Collect Baseline
Data
Establish Baseline
Conduct
Pre-Functional Tests
Update Findings Log
Conduct Functional
Testing
Update Findings Log
Support Client with
Implementing PFT
Improvements
Support Client with
Implementing FT
Improvements
Verify Improved
Operation
Update Findings
Log
Develop MBCx
Report
Develop Ongoing
Diagnostics
Complete Training
Develop MBCx
Systems Manual
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Planning Phase – Key Actions
Request building
mechanical and
electrical construction
documents
Initial site survey
Measurement and
verification plan
RCx plan
10
Pre-Investigation Phase – Key Actions
Install/calibrate building
electric and BTU meters
Test EMS trending
capabilities
Assess data quality
Begin populating
findings log
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Investigation Phase – Pre-functional tests
Ensure equipment
operates correctly in
isolation
Point-to-point testing
Common findings:
– Damper actuator
disengaged
– Supply fan VFD
operating in hand
– Miscalibrated
temperature sensors
Update findings log
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Investigation Phase – Functional tests
Ensure EMS operates building systems as a whole in an
efficient manner while meeting occupant needs
Testing sequence of operations
Field based functional tests:
– Custom field tests designed to observe functional
performance
– Calibrate sample of VAV terminals
Trend based functional tests
– Sequence of operations verified through trends during
occupied usage
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Investigation Phase – Functional tests
In field-based tests:
Adjustments are typically made by an operator at the
BAS workstation.
Actions are observed by commissioning team
member(s) at the equipment.
In trend-based tests:
Adjustments are primarily caused by the environment
and regular facility use.
Actions are monitored and then stored. The trend data
is then evaluated by the commissioning provider,
typically, at a later date
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Implementation Phase
Implement measures
identified
Perform verification
testing
Perform measurement
and verification M&V
plan
http://www.energydesignresources.com
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Handoff and Training Phase
Develop ongoing
diagnostic test plan
Conduct onsite training
Update RCx Findings
Log
Update and submit final
RCx Report
Develop RCx Systems
Manual
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Issues and Pitfalls: Planning Phase
Building drawings not available
Equipment data not available
Sequences of operation not available
System drawings not available
Energy metering equipment failed or non-existent
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Issues and Pitfalls: Pre-Investigative Phase
Inadequate funds/resources to implement proper energy metering
Trend data analysis issues
– Inability to store data
– Limited ability to trend a large quantity of points
– Limited data storage capacity
– Inability to retrieve data
– BMS not capable of trending hardware or software points
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Issues and Pitfalls: Investigative Phase
Problems arise during baseline energy monitoring phase
Resources not available to perform tests
Funds/resources not available to implement repairs to issues
identified in prefunctional tests
Trend data issues
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Issues and Pitfalls: Implementation Phase
Funds/resources not available to implement recommended
improvements
Resources not available to retest corrected/improved systems
Time not available to implement improvements due to program
constraints
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Monitoring-Based Commissioning
… and delivered in detailed
energy dashboards and
scorecards with savings
recommendations
Thousands of data
points from throughout
the facility…
…. are collected and
analyzed by EnerNOC…
Data is captured at the meter and behind the meter, then software continuously looks for
equipment-level savings opportunities.
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Walkthrough/Audit/RCx
Customized based on
customer need
Walkthrough is limited in
duration focusing on
simple O&M changes
Greatest value with full
Retro-Commissioning
– Sequence review and
pre-functional testing
provides greater insight
into systems
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MBCx Connectivity
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Equipment & Meters
BMS Integration
Connectivity
Meter Integration
Internet
Firewall
Network Data & Results
Query Gateway
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Baselining
Obtain Energy Data
Develop a predictive
energy consumption
profile
– Based on pre-
implementation phase
usage
– Select relevant
independent variables
Track usage with
respect to baseline
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Fault Detection
Collect, store, analyze
BMS data on 5-minute
basis
Filters and diagnostics
automatically generate an
issues list
– Analyst able to further
investigate and quantify
issue
25
Workflow for Energy Efficiency Measures
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EnerNOC
Review &
Validation
Engineering
Analysis
Monthly
Scorecard
Review
M & V
• SiteSMART alerts
analysts based on
Automatic Filters
• Dedicated analyst
reviews issue and,
if appropriate,
creates EEM
• EEM is explored
and sized for
energy and $
savings impact
• EEM is presented
to customer for
approval
• Continuous
monitoring of EEM
to ensure savings
• If EEM is due to
fault, verification
that fault is fixed
• Rejected
• Under Review
• In Progress
• Implemented
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Common EEMs: Scheduling
Programming change
caused fan to be
enabled 24/7
Large savings from
reducing energy spend
– Fan energy
– Chilled water
– Heating hot water
fan speed
fan status
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Common EEMs: Leaky CHW Valve
Supply temperature
below setpoint
Mixed air cooled
approximately 10° F
when CHW valve closed
Increased occupant
comfort
Chilled water and reheat
savings
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Common EEMs: Simultaneous Heating &
Cooling
Valves open
concurrently
– No humidity control
Improper sequences
lead to excess
heating/cooling
Lockout valves such
that only one is
modulating
hot water
valve
Simultaneous
heating &
cooling
chilled water
valve
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Common EEMs: Economizer Leakage
MAT does not follow OAT
when outside air damper
position is fully open
Return air leaking into
mixed air plenum
Faulty Sensors
– Check during RCx
portion
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Deliverables – Efficiency Scorecard Opportunities are summarized in a regular report so that the user can focus on the
highest value opportunities that fit into the capital budgeting process
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Implementation
• Common picture of overall energy use
• Actionable insight for the on-the-ground team
• Ready identification of energy efficiency opportunities
• Management of all measures to completion or disqualification
• Continuous M&V of Persistent Commissioning measures
Reduce energy consumption
Prioritize maintenance issues
Enhance occupant comfort
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Issues and Pitfalls: MBCx
Understanding/defining points on customer’s BMS
Low points count on BMS
– Fault detection is limited with fewer BMS points
Limited resources to implement measures
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Years
10%
20%
30%
0
Pe
rcen
t o
f E
ne
rgy W
aste
d
Impact of Commissioning
Source: Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Benchmarking Analysis of monitoring-based commissioning
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Cxa Savings
RCx Savings
MBCx
MBCx
Savings
RCx and Insight can combine to deliver up to 30% savings
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Vivek Ghosh
Energy Engineer
275 Sacramento St., Suite 300
San Francisco, CA 94114
(415) 490-0550
Shane Russell
Senior Manager of Engineering
500 Ygnacio Valley Rd., Suite 450
Walnut Creek, CA 94596
(925) 826-1603
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