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11/2/2013 Ging vin: Nguyn Xun Tng
B mn H thng ini hc Bch khoa H Ni
Email: [email protected]
H THNG HA & CP NHT KIN THCBO V RLE TRONG NH MY IN
(NH MY THY IN SNLA)
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Chng 01
3
My bin p dng in(dng cho h thng rle bo v ) Nguyn l hot ng Qui c cc tnh
S thay th - Sai s ca my bin dng in Bin dng in hot ng ch bo ha - Hin tng h mchth cp bindng
Phn bit bin dng dng cho o lng v bo v Kt cu ph bin ca BI u, nhc im
Phng thc o lng thnh phn dng in th t khng
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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Tn gi chung: BI, CT, TINhim v:
Bin i t l dng in s cp th cp (5Ahoc 1 A)Cch lymch s cp v th cpTo s phi hp dng in gia cc pha
4
My bin dng in
BI cao p BI h p S nguyn l{
Is cp*ws cp = Ith cp*wth cp
Nguyn l{ hot ng
CT: Current Transformer (ting Anh)
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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S thay th
Sais ca BIxut hin do tn ti ca dng t hain p xut hin pha th cpVth cp=Ith cp*(Zcun th cp+Zdy dn ph + Zthit b ni vo)Ti tng Vth cptng tng dng t ho Ie tng sai s ca BI
Xm: c gi tr t 100-10.000 (c gi tr ln vi cc BI ct s bin ln)
5
My bin dng in
V th cp
Z cun th cp
BI ltng
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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Sai s ca BI
Sais gc (angle error) Sais v ln (ratio error) Sais tng hp (composite error)
6
My bin dng in
V thcp
Z cun thcp
BI ltng
Sais hay cp chnh xcca BIc cho theo sai s tng hp
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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c tnh t ha ca BIQuan h gia dng in t ha cn thit (Ie) sinh ra mt inp h mch V
im gp VK:L mt im trn ng cong t haT : tng in p ln thm 10%cn tng dng t ha 50%
7
My bin dng in
in p im gp VK(Knee-point)
Vng lm vic tuyn tnh
Vng bo ha
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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c tnh t ha ca BITh nghim xc nh c tnh t ha
8
My bin dng in
B to dng
BI
Bng kt qu
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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Quic cc tnh (theo IEC 60044-1)Cn thit vi : bo v lm vic da theohng dng in.Cc tnh cng tn c nh du : hnhsao, chm trn, chm vung...
Trn bn v: cc tnh cng tn v cnhnhau. Xcnh nhanh cc tnh BI:
Coichiu dng in i t pha s cp qua
rle khng i chiu
9
My bin dng in
Rle
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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Khai bocc tnh ca my bin dng (rle s)10
My bin dng in
im u sao v pha ng dy im u sao v pha thanh gp
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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Qui c cc tnh11
My bin dng in
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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Hin tng h mch th cp BIGy qu in p nguy him
12
My bin dng in
BI ltng
H mch
o H mch th cp: ton b dng s cp lm nhim v t ha lio Li t b bo hao T thng tn ra ngoi li thp
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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Hin tng h mch BIDng sng in p u ra ca BI khi h mch
13
My bin dng in
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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S thay th khi BI b bo ha Dng khi tnh tonbo v so lch tng tr cao Khi BIb bo ha:
Dngu vo tng cao
Dngu ra c dng xung nhn gi tr hiu dng rt nhNh vy: c th coi l c dng u vo BInhng khng c dng ura dng u vo khp mch qua nhnh t ha tng ngvi vic tng tr nhnh t ha gim rt thp, coi nh xp x bng 0
14
My bin dng in
BI ltng
X
=0
Z s cp Z th cp
S thay th khi BIb bo ha
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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Hin tng h mch BIC cu ni tt mch dng khi tho thit b nh th
15
Rle,ng ho...
Rle,ng ho...
My bin dng in
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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Ti danh nh &Cp chnh xcMt BI: cnhiu cun th cp - phc v cc mc ch khcnhau.Ti danh nh v chnh xc ca cc cun th cp ny tuzthuc vo loi ti.
Ccdng c o (kW, KVar, A, kWh, kVArh):Yucu chnh xc trong ch ti bnh thng hoc nh mc.Phm vihot ng chnh xc trong khong 5120%ca dng in chnh xc thng l: 0.2 hoc 0.5 vi chun IECHoc 0.15 hoc 0.3 hoc 0.6 vi chun IEEE.
16
Thng s ca my bin dng in
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung
Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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So snh BI dng choo lng bo v rle17
Thng s ca my bin dng in
Hng mc so snh BI dng cho o lng BI dng cho bo v rlePhm vi hot ngchnh xc
(0,051,2)x Inh mc(o dng ti bnh thng hoc qu ti chophp)
ti (10-20-30)x Inh mc(m bo o c dng s c)
Lit Bo ha nhanh bo v cc dngc o khis c, dng intng cao(bo ha trong khong 520 ln Im)
in p bo ha cao hn(VK)(kh b bo ha)
chnh xc chnh xc cao0.2 hoc 0.5 vi chun IEC0.15 hoc 0.3 hoc 0.6 vi chun IEEE
chnh cc thp hn 5P hoc 10P theo chun IEC
Thit b ni ti kW, KVar, A, kWh, kVArh Rle, b ghi s c
La chn cp 5P hay 10P tythuc loi bo vBo v so lch tng tr cao 3PBo v qu dng in 10P
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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BI cho bo v rleCng sut nh mcCp chnh xcC thm thng s ALF: h s giihn dng in theo chnh xc
18
V d thng s ca my bin dng in
5P20 30VA
Cp chnh xc 5P
P: dng cho mcch bo v rle
(Protection) H s gii hn dng: 20Ti 20 ln dng nh mc, BI vnm bo sai s theo tiu chun
Cng sut nh mc 30VA
BI cho o lng Cngsut nh mcCp chnh xc
30VA Cp chnh xc 0,5
Cp chnh xc 0,5
Cng sut nh mc 30VA
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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BIo lng19
Qui nh sai s BI
Theo tiu chun IEC 60044-1
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BIbo v20
Qui nh sai s BI
Theo tiu chun IEC 60044-1
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So snh ng cong t ha ca BIo lng v bo v21
Qui nh sai s BI
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Theo tiu chun IEEE C57.1322
Qui nh sai s BI
BI dng chobo v
BI dng choo lng
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Dng cho mc ch c bitBo v so lch thanh gp
C rt nhiu BICc BI phi c cng c tnh lm vic gim dng khng cn bng
Bin dng cp X: thng s c cho chi tit hnDng nh mcT s binin p im gp VKDng in kch t ng vi in p im gp
in tr ln nht cho php pha mch nh th
23
My bin dng in cp X (hay PX theo IEC)
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Thc t, mi BI c th c:1 hoc 2 cun th cp- Mc ch o lng2 ti 4 cun th cp-ng dng bo v rle.
24
My bin dng in
Cun s cp
Cc cun th cp
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Thit k BIph bin Li t v cun dy nm trong thng cha thp gn vi t(Dead tank type ), dy th cp chy un theo hnh ch U
Lit v cun dy nm trong thng cha pha trn nh (Livetank type), dy th cp thng chy thng qua li t.Loi hn hp
25
My bin dng in
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BI loi thng cha bn di (Dead tank)Trng tm thp, n nh v mt c kh
C th ch to vi li t loi to m khnggy qu ti v mt c kh i vi s cch
in
Dy s cp c chiu di ln nn gy phtnng nhiu hn hn ch v dng nnh nhit (ln nht 63kA/1 giy)
26
My bin dng in
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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BI loi thng cha bn trn (Live tank)Dydn s cp ngn, gim pht nhitC dng nh mc v dng n nh nhitcao hnTrng tm cao hn, km n nh v mt ckh so vi loi thng cha di (dead tank)Khi ch to vi li t ln c th gy titrng ln v mt c kh i vi s cchin.Kh lm mt cccun th cp
Loi hn hp
27
My bin dng in
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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Bin dng chn s (Bushing CTs)28
My bin dng in
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Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung
Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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Nguyn l:Dng BIt ti trung tnh ca MBA
Dngin chy qua trung tnh my bin p: I A+IB+IC = 3I0 Sais php o ch do mt BI gy ra:
chnh cao Tuy nhincn c dy trung tnh t BI
29
o lng dng in th t khng (3I0)
Ia+Ib+Ic=3I0 A
B
C
BItrung tnh 3I0 3I0
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Nguyn l:Dng 3 BI ringbit
Dos dng 3 BI ringbit nn s c sai s gia cc BI
ch bnh thng, pha s cp l i xng: lun c dng in chy quarle do sai s ca BICh s dng o dng chm t ln dng mng in c dng chm t ln:mng in trung tnh ni t trc tip
30
o lng dng in th t khng (3I0)
I a
I b
I c
RoleI a I b I c 3I 0 + + =
Role
3I 0
V rt gn
Ia+Ib+Ic=3I0
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Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung
Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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BI th t khngu ng: dy ni t v cp chy xuyn quali t
32
o lng dng in th t khng (3I0)
Rle
V kimloi ca cp
BI0
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BI th t khngNgc li - u sai: dy ni t v cp khng chy xuyn qua li t
Dng in chy qua v cp c th trit tiu dng in s c (honton hoc mt phn): rle c th khng nhn c thng tin s c.
33
o lng dng in th t khng (3I0)
Rle
V kim loi ca cp
BI0
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u ni BI lc thnh phn TTKng dng ca BI th t khng
Do ch s dng mt li tsai s o lng rt nhS dng cho cc mng in c dng chm t nh (mng in c trung tncch in hoc ni t qua cun dp h quang)
Do c 3 pha chy qua li tng knh li t ln kch thc BI lnthch hp trang b vi ng cp hoc u cc my pht in
34
o lng dng in th t khng (3I0)
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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Bo v chng chm t nhy cao (Aptomat chng git)35
ng dng dn dng ca BIth t khng
Nt bm th nghimin tr mch th nghim
Cun dy mch th nghim
Ti(VD:Bnh nng lnh) S c chm v(chm t)
Cun ly tn hiu dngchm t (dng so lch)
Cun ht ca Aptomat
Ngun cp
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Chng 01
36
My bin in p(dng cho h thng rle bo v ) Nguyn l hot ng Qui c cc tnh S thay th - Sai s ca my bin in p BU kiu t phn p u, nhc im Phng thc o lngthnh phn dng in th t khng
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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Tn gi: BU, VT, PT (potential transformer)Nhim v
Bin i t l in p s cp sang in p th cp theo tiu chun(100Vhoc 110V)Cch lymch s cp v cc thit b, ngi vn hnh bn th cp
Quic cc tnhCc tnh cng tn c nh du : hnh sao, chm trn, chmvung...Trn bn v: cc tnh cng tn v cnh nhau.
37
My bin in p (BU)
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in p danh nh s cp v th cpBU ngoi tri thng s dng in p pha:
in p danh nh ca cun s cp l in p danh nh ca li in.ng dng o lng: phm vi in p lm vic: 80120%ng dng bo v rle: t 0.05 1.5 hoc 1.9 ln in p danh nh.
38
My bin in p (BU)
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BU kiu tphn pBU loi cm ng in t thng thng
La chn kinh t nht i vi cp in p ti 145kVBU kiu t phn p (CVT Coupled Voltage Transformer)
La chn khi dng cp cao p
Thng c s dng kt hp vi h thng thng tin ti ba PLC
39
My bin in p (BU)
u cao p
in khng b
Tphn
p Mch dp dao ng cng
hng
BU cm ngthng thng
u ra
K{ hiu trn s
520kV
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Cu trc BU kiu tphn p1. Bnh gin du2. Cc t phn p5. in khng b7. BU loi cm ng thng thng
(in p thp)8. u cc cao p
40
My bin in p (BU)
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Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung
Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
BU kiu t phn pin khng b: c tnh ton trit tiu thnh phn dungkhng ca t phn p
Tng tr ngun nhn t pha ti l xp x 0 cng sut u ra ly raln nhtBdch pha do t phn p gy ra
Mch gim dao ng cng hng: l in tr ti, c th ni cun
tam gic h
41
My bin in p (BU)
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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S nguyn lca BUt phn p Siemens42
My bin in p (BU) Tham kho
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S nguyn lca BUt phn p GE43
My bin in p (BU) Tham kho
b
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Cc loi BUH s gii hn in p Vf
Khixy ra s c trong HT: U pha c th tng ln ti mt gi tr l Vf lnUdanh nh.Tiu chun IECa ra cc gi tr h s Vf nh sau:
1.9 i vi cc h thng c trung tnh khng ni t trc tip 1.5 i vi cc h thng c trung tnh ni t trc tip
Lit ca cc bin in p khng c php bo ho khi in p tngti cp in p gii hn theo h s Vf .
44
My bin in p (BU)
bi i ( )
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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Cp chnh xc theo tiu chun IEC 60044-2
Cng sut danh nh (cos=0,8)10, 15, 25, 30, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200, 300, 400, 500 VA
45
My bin in p (BU)
Cpchnhxc
Sai s gii hn
Ti % in pnh mc
Sai s ln%
Sai s gc pha(pht)
ng dng
Chun ha dng c otrong cng nghip
ng h o
Ti % ti nhmc
Phng th nghim
o m chnh xc
Bo v rle
Vf: H s gii hn in p
Bo v rle
o m tiu chun
l i h
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Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Nguyn l UA+UB+UC=3U046
o lng in p th t khng (3U0)
l i h
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Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung
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Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
S dng BUt ti trung tnh
Dng ba BUloi mt pha
47
o lng in p th t khng (3U0)
S cp
Th cp
M bi i (BU)
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B lc in p TTK (U0)Dng BU loi 3 pha 5 tr
in p TTK ly ra t cun tam gic h
48
My bin in p (BU)
Scp
Thcc p
3V 0
ABC
A B C N
o c in p th t khng:o Phi c ng dn cho t thng TTKo Cn thm 2 tr (khng qun dy)o Trung tnh cun s cp phi ni t (nu khng s ch o c thnh phn hi
N d i hi
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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Auxiliary power supplyCu hnh
49
Ngun t dng in p mt chiu
Anti-paralleling diodesFor preventing high circulating currents
If one battery be faulty The fullycharged battery cannot discharge into it
Float charger Charge a battery at a similar rate as a batteryself-discharges Thus maintaining a full capacity battery. Used where the battery rarely gets discharged
Boost charger Charge a battery at a high current forshortening charging time Enables the quick charging of depletedbatteries.
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Chng 02
50
Cc nguyn lbo v trong HT Nguyn l bo v qu dng/qu dng ct nhanh/ chm t /c hng Nguyn l bo v so lchdng in c hm Nguyn l bo v tng tr thp (BV khongcch)
Cc nguyn l bo v khc
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51
Nguyn lbo v qu dng Nguyn l bo v qu dng c thi gian (51):
o
Dng in khi ng- Thi gian t o c tnh lm vic (c lp vs. ph thuc)
Nguyn l bo v qu dng ct nhanh (50)o Nguyn l m bo chn lc - Dng in khi ng
Nguyn l bo v qu dng th t khng c thi gian/ ct nhanh
(50/50N)o Dng in khi ngo nhy
Nguyn l bo v qu dng in c hng(67)
Chng02
N l{ b d thi i
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Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung
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Bo v qu dng (I>hoc 50 & 51):Chng li cc dng s c qu dng mt pha, hai pha & ba pha v s cchm t.
Bo v khi ng khi:Dng in ca mt pha, hai pha hoc c ba pha vt qu mt gi tr c ci t trc trong rle.
Cth lm vic vi thi gian tr m bo tnh chn lc
Thi gian tr c th l c lp so vi dng in hoc ph thucvo dng in hai loi c tnh thi gian tc ng
52
Nguyn l{ bo v qu dng c thi gian
Ng l{ b d g thi gi
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Bo v qu dng vi c tnh thi gian c lp:Thi gian lm vic (tr) ca bo v khng ph thuc vo ln dngn mch
53
Nguyn l{ bo v qu dng c thi gian
+
Iqua r le
Thi gian lm vic
Ikhi ng
t lm vickhng i theo dng in
Ng l{ b d g thi gi
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung
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Bo v qu dng vi c tnh thi gian ph thuc:Thi gian lm vic: ph thuc t l nghch vo ln ca dng ingn mchTrong thc t th thi gian tc ng t l vi t sIngn mch / Ikhi ng
54
Nguyn l{ bo v qu dng c thi gian
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Tnh ton thi gian lm vic
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Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung
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m bo tnh chn lc gia cc bo v bng phn cp thi gian Tn gi: bo v qu dng lm vic c thi gian (I> hay 51) Nguyn tc:
Khi cs c c th nhiu bo v cng khi ngTuy nhin, bo v gn ch s c nht s phi tc ng trc
S c ti N2: BV2khi ng & BV1 cth cng khi ng cngm thi gianBV2phi tc ng loi tr s c, BV1 khi s tr v t thi gian
tBV2 I>1 2
N2
Tnh ton thi gian lm vic
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BV2phi tc ng loi tr s c, BV1 khi s tr v t thi giantBV2
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Nguyn tc: m bo tnh chn lcbng phn cp dng inS c ti phn on no: ch bo v ti c php khi ng
Ccbo v khng cn phi hp thi gianThi gian tc ng t xp x 0 giy (thng t 50 80ms) tn gi:bo v qu dng ct nhanh (50 hay I>>)Do cchchn lc bng dng in dng in khi ng tnh theo:
Ik=Kat*Ingn mch ngoi vng max (H s Kat=1,1 1,2)
Khngbo v c ton b i tng khng s dng lm bo vchnh
58
Nguyn l{ bo v qu dng ct nhanh (50 hay
Nguyn l{ bo v qu dng ct nhanh (50 hay
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Vngc bo v ct nhanhIk=Kat*Ingn mch ngoi vng max (H s Kat=1,1 1,2)
Dngngn mch gim dn khiim ngn mch i xa ngun ln dng ngn mch ph thuc vo ch ca h thngV ng cong biu din dng ngn mch Inmax & Inmin dc ng dy
59
Nguyn l{ bo v qu dng ct nhanh (50 hay
L(km)
I> I>1 2
IN
Inmax
Inmax
Ik BV1
Ik BV2
Lct nhanh min
Lct nhanh max
Lct nhanh min=0
Lct nhanh max
Phn bit chc nng I> & I>> (51 & 50)
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Bo v qu dng
60
Phn bit chc nng I> & I>> (51 & 50)
Khi ng khi:Ingn mch >Ikhi ng
Bo v qu dng c thi gian(I> hay 51)
Dng khi ng tnh theo dnglm vic ln nht (Ilvmax)Khi xy ra s c c th c bov ti ch v bo v pha trncng khi ngm bo tnh chn lc: phihp phn cp thi gian (t)C th dng lm bo v chnh
Bo v qu dng ct nhanh(I>> hay 50)
Dng khi ng tnh theo dngngn mch ngoi ln nht(In ngoi max)
Khi xy ra s c: ch bo v tiphn on s c khi ngKhng cn phi hp thi gian(ct nhanh)Khng bo v c ton b i
tng ch l bo v d phng
Bo v qu dng th t khng (I> hay 51N)
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S dng b lc dng in th t khng
Tnh ton dng khi ngch bnh thng:
Lthuyt: dng qua rle bng 0Thc t : do cc BI c sais dng in qua rle khc 0 rle khng tc ng: t dng khi ng ln hn dng in sinh ra do sais ny
Gitr ci t: Ikhi ng 51N =(0,10,3)I nh mc BI
Ch s c: dng in qua rle tng gp nhiu ln bo v tcngDo gitr khi ng t thp bo v c nhy cao
61
Bo v qu dng th t khng (I0> hay 51N)
I a I b I c 3I 0 + + =
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V d: bo v qu dng cho mt ngn l
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64
V d: bo v qu dng cho mt ngn l
A
B
C
I> I> I>
I>> I>> I>>
I0>
I0>>
S c hai pha N(2)
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Bo vqu dng c hng(67)
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66
Bo v qu dng c hng (67)
I> = I> + WI>
+
-
I> 1 I> 5I>4 I>6I> 3I>2HT1 HT2
Gii php: s dng bo v qu dng loi c nh hngBo v qa dng c hng ch tc ng khi:
Dng in chy qua bo v theo hng qui nh (hng dng-thng qui c t thanh gp ng dy)Dng in vt qua gi tr khi ng ca bo v
C th phn chia ra 2 nhm bo v
Bo vqu dng c hng(67)
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V phng din bo v rle: ng dy hai ngun cphaimch hnh tia
67
Bo v qu dng c hng (67)
I> 1 I> 5I>4 I>6I> 3I>2HT1 HT2
I> 1 I> 5I> 3HT1
I>4 I>6I>2 HT2
tBV5tBV3=tBV5+ ttBV1=tBV3+ t 0,511,5
tBV2 tBV4=tBV2+ t tBV6=tBV4+ t0,3 0,8 1,3
Bo vqu dng c hng(67)
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Kim tra s lm vic ca bo v:68
Bo v qu dng c hng (67)
I> 1 I> 5I>4 I>6I> 3I>2HT1 HT20,511,5 0,3 0,8 1,3
N1
I> 1 I> 5I>4 I>6I> 3I>2HT1 HT20,511,5 0,3 0,81,3
N2
Phn t nh hngcng sut
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Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung
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Phn t nh hng cng sut:Vecto in p thng c dng lm i lng tham chiu
69
Phn t nh hng cng sut
S u ni b phn nh hng
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Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung
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B nh hng cng sut:S dng in p lm i lng tham chiuc u ni m bo: rle c nhyv tc ng ng trong mi trng hp.S u ni tiu chun i vi cc rle
s v rle tnh l s 900
Chitit phng thc u ni: Dngin t mt phain p dy ca hai pha cn li
Gi thit cos=1 hay =00 th in p thamchiu v dng in to vi nhau gc 900chnh l tn gi ca s
70
S u ni b phn nh hng
S u ni b phn nh hng
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Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung
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L dochn in p l i lng tham chiu:Khixy ra s c ba pha: in p gim thp, nu s dng in p phath rle nh hng c th khng nhy, s dng in p dys tng c gi tr in p a vo rle.
Khixy ra s c pha-pha v d gia pha 1 & 2: in p U12 c th rtthp (c th bng 0 nu s c gn bo v) rle nh hng khng nhy, trong khi in p U23 vn cn ln phi s dngin p dy vi pha khng s c cn li lm in p tham chiu.
71
S u ni b phn nh hng
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72
Nguyn lbo v so lch Nguyn l bo v so lch dng in (87) Nguyn l bo v so lch dng in c hm
o Nguyn l hot ngo La chn h s hmo Ni t BI
Nguyn l bo v so lch tng tr cao (87H)
Nguyn l bo v so snh pha dng in
Chng02
Nguyn l{ bo v so lch dng in
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Thit b
So snh tng dng in i vo &i ra ca i tng c bo
v: tng dng in ny khc 0bo v tc ng.
Ch bnh thng:Dng in chy qua rle nh hnh vDng chy qua rle: l dng chnh lch do sai s ca BI cc pha
73
Nguyn l{ bo v so lch dng in
Bnh thng
Irle= +
Nguyn l{ bo v so lch dng in
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Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung
Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Ch s c ngoi vng:Dng in l dng s c c gi tr lnsai s BI ln hnPhn b dng in tng t ch bnh thngDng in chy qua rle s lnchnh nh rle khng tc ng
dng khi ng ln, gim nhy
Vng bo v:gii hn bi v tr t cc BI
74
Nguyn l{ bo v so lch dng in
S c ngoi
Thit b
Nguyn l{ bo v so lch dng in
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Ch s c trong vng:Dng in chy qua rle bng tng dng hai phac gi tr lnrle s tc ng ngay
75
Nguyn l{ bo v so lch dng in
S c trong vng
Thit b
Irle= +
Nguyn l{ bo v so lch dng in
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Tng kt:76
Nguyn l{ bo v so lch dng in
Irle= +
S c trong
Thit b
Irle= +
S c ngoi
Irle= +
Bnh thng
Dng in chy qua rle l do sai s BIDng in chy qua rle l tndng s c
Nguyn l{ bo v so lch dng in c hm
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Bo v rle so lch thng thngcc rle c th tc ng
nhm do:Sai s ln ca cc BI khi ngn mch ngoiChuyn u p...
Bo v so lch c hm:hot ng da theo t hp ca hai loi
dng in so lch (Isl ) & hm (Ih):S c ngoi vng: dng hm c gi tr ln dng so lch nhS c trong vng: dng hm nh- Dng so lch ln.
77
Nguyn l{ bo v so lch dng in c hm
Nguyn l{ bo v so lch dng in c hm
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Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
T hp dng in cho bo v rle so lch c hmS dng cc bin dng trung gian (BITG)T hp thm ra dng in hm (Ih)
78
Nguyn l{ bo v so lch dng in c hm
Nguyn l{ bo v so lch dng in c hm
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T hp dng in cho bo v rle
so lch c hm
Vit phng trnh cn bng sc tng cho cc BITG
79
Nguyn l{ bo v so lch dng in c hm
BITG2 BITG1I1*w1-I2*w1=Isl*w2Chn w
1=w
2Isl=I1 - I2
I1*w3+I2*w4=Ih*w5Chn w
3= w
4= w
w5=2*w Ih=0,5*( I1 + I2)
Tng qut:Ih=K h*(I1+I2)K h: h s hm, c th iu chnhthayi theo s vng cun w5
Nguyn l{ bo v so lch dng in c hm
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Bng cch s dng BI trung gian, cth to ra t hp Xts vn hnh Bo v so lch c hm
80
guy { bo v so c d g c 1 2
1 2
=( )
( ) sl
h h
I I I
I K I I
I 1 I 2
I sl
I h=K h* (I 1+I 2 )
100% (I 1+I 2 )
I 1
I 2
I sl
I h=K h* (I 1+I 2 )
100% (I 1+I 2 )
(I h)> (I sl ) bo v khng
tc ng
(I h)< (I sl ) bo v tc
ng
Ch bnh thng hoc s c ngoi Ch s c trong vng
Nguyn l{ bo v so lch dng in c hm
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La chn h s hmTng h s hm (Kh): rlehm tt nhy tcng ca rle km i.Hiu ng ngc li khi gimh s hm
H s hm c th c iuchnh bng cch thay i svng dy cun w5.
81
g y { g
I sl
I h=K h* (I 1+I 2 )
100% (I 1+I 2 )
I 1
I 2
I sl
I h=K h* (I 1+I 2 )
100% (I 1+I 2 )
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Bo v so lch c hm
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Ni t BI
83
Ni t ti mt im
Ccrle c: c lin h trc tipv in gia cc pha
Phi ni t ring tng mch
Ccrle s: mch dng ca ccBI cch lyv mt in
Vn ni t BI vi bo v so lch
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Ni t BI
84
Bo v so lch MF
Bo v so lch MBA
BI trunggian
BI trung gian Rle c
Rle s
Bo v so lch c hm
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Ni t BI
85
Bo v so lch tng tr cao
Rle
Bo v so lch c hm
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Ni t BI
86
Bo v so lch tng tr cao
Nguyn l{ bo v so lch tng tr cao (87H)
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Bo v so lch c th tc ng nhm khi BI b bo ha
V d hin tng bo ha ca cc BI vi bo v thanh gp
87
g y g ( )
Vng bo v
S c trong vng bo v
Vng bo v
S c ngoi vng bo v
Bo ha
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Nguyn l{ bo v so lch tng tr cao (87H)
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Xts n gin: thanh gp ch gm hai ngn l90
g y g ( )
IBI1
BI2
Bo ha
IBI1Ltng
Z s cp Z th cp
X
>> 0 X =0
Z s cpZ th cp
BI2Ltng
Gi tr rt ln(coi lhmch)
Gitr xp x 0(ni tt)
Nguyn l{ bo v so lch tng tr cao (87H)
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Xts n gin: thanh gpch gm hai ngn l91
g y g ( )
IBI1Ltng
Z s cp Z th cp Z s cpZ th cp
BI2Ltng
Nhnh song song
BIb bo ha: khng c dng th cp BI cnli: dng cp ra khp mch qua rle v tng tr th cp BIb boha c dng qua rle rle s tc ng (tc ng sai)Gii php: hn ch dng qua rle bng cch ghp ni tip mt in trc gi tr ln rle so lch tng tr cao
I
Z th cp Z th cp
R>>
Rle so lch tng tr cao
Nguyn l{ bo v so lch tng tr cao (87H)
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Yucu i vi BICc BI c cngt s binNn s dng bin dng cp XBI chns c th s dng nu cc cun dy BIthuc loi qun phnb u
Cc BI nn c cngthit k in tr cun th cp BI nnchn nh nht c thKhng nnni cc thit b khc ti li dng cho 87Hin p im gp Vk phi ln hn t nht 2 ln in p khi ng carle:
Nu in p Vk chn thp hn: khi cs c, BIs sinh ra in p c th khng ln lm rle tc ng (chn ln hn 2 ln m bo nhy ti thiu l2)
92
in p im gp VK(Knee-point)
Nguyn l{ bo v so lch tng tr cao (87H)
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Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Hot ng vi s c ngoi93
BI ltng: khng bo ha BIb bo ha
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Nguyn l{ bo v so snh pha dng in
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Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Bo v so snh pha dng in (87PC)
Rle ch trao i thng tin v pha dng inCh trao i cho nhau hai trng thi: dng in ang chu kz m haydng (logic 0 v 1)Vi cc rle hin i: so snh ring bit ba pha (cp quang)
Khis dng knh truyn bng thng thp (v d: ti ba PLC):S dng cc thnh phn i xngHoc t hp cc thnh phn i xng theo t l nht nh
95
Nguyn l{ bo v so snh pha dng in
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Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Nguyn l so snh pha96
S c trong vng bo vS c ngoi vng bo v
khng trng khp khng trng khp0
0 01
1 trng hon ton trng hon ton
Nguyn l{ bo v so snh pha dng in
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Ccyu t nh hng
ch non ti hoc khng ti: dng in dung c th lm bo v tcng nhmGii php: s dng b phn pht hin s c (phn t qu dng) khi ngtruyn tin.
Vi cc rle k thut s: sai s v gc pha do vic ly mu tn hiuDo nh hng ca dng in dung: gc ci t cho BV solch phaphi tng ln
BV solch pha ch nn p dng cho ng dy ti 400km.Tnhti dao ng gc pha do nh hng ca dao ng in
97
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Nguyn l{ hot ng
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Bo v khong cch da trn cc gi tr dng in v in p ti
im t rle xcnh tng tr s c
Nu tng tr s c ny nh hn gi tr tng tr ci t trongrle th rle s tc ng rle tng tr thp Z< (hoc 21)
Tng tr gm hai thnh phn R & X: thun tin phn tch ss dng mt phng tng tr biu din s lm vic ca bov khong cch
99
R
jX
ZD
Rle khong cch loi in c n gin
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Nguyn l{ hot ng
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Xts n gin:
Tnh ton tng tr rle o c trong cc ch S c : v d ti 50%ng dy:ZR(sc)=ZDs c=50%ZD < ZD
im s c di chuyn vo ngtng tr ng dy
101
R
jX
50%Z D
ZD
ZD+Zpt
imlm viclc bnhthng
imlm vickhi s
c
Nguyn l{ hot ng
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c tnh lm vic ca rle khong cch
im lm vic lc bnh thng v khi s c: khi s c im lm vlun ri vo ng tng tr ng dyc th ch cn ch to ctnh tc ng ca rle l mt ng thng trng vi ng tng trng dy
102
c tnh tcng l mtng thng
R
jX
ZD
ZD+Zpt
imlm vic
lc bnhthng imlm vickhi s
c
Nguyn l{ hot ng
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Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung
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Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
c tnh lm vic ca rle khong cch
Do sai s, do s c c th xy ra qua cc tng tr trung gian nn gtr rle o c khi s c c th ri ra ln cn ng tng tr dy.Nu ch ch to c tnh tc ng l mt ng thng th rle c ts khng lm vic trong cc trng hp ny. khc phc th ccch to thng c { m rng c tnh tc ng v c hai pha cang dy tr thnh vng tc ng.
103
R
jX
100%Z D
ZDZD+Zpt
imlm viclc bnhthng
im s c ri rangoi rle khng
tc ng
c tnh tcng l mt
ngthng hp
im s c rivo vng tc ng
c tnhtc ngc m
rng
R
jX
ZDZD+Zpt
imlm viclc bnhthng
Nguyn l{ hot ng
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Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Cc dng c tnh thng gp
Thc t, c tnh lm vic c m rng theo nhiu dng khc nhaup ng tt hn vi mi loi s c v ch vn hnh ca h thng
104
ZD
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Ci t cc vng bo v
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Cc vng ci t ca bo v khong cch
Thng c chnh nh vi 3 vng tc ngVng I: tc ng tc thiVng II & III: tc ng c tr theo nguyn tc phn cp thi gian, phi hvi cc bo v lin k
106
Ci t cc vng bo v
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Vng 1 (Z1) : bo v khong 80-90%ng dy AB Khngth ci t bo v 100%ng dy:
Sais ca BI, BU: BI cth b bo ha v nh hng ti chnh xcca tng tro c.nh hng ca h s phn b dng inTnh ton tng tr da trn gi thuyt: b qua in dung ng dy, cc pha opha tun t...tuy nhin thc t iu ny khng th hon ton chnh xc.
107
Ci t cc vng bo v
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Vng 2 (Z2) : t i thiu t 120-150% ZAB(gi tr ti thiu m bo s cst thanh gp B (F2, F3, F4) khng b ri vo vng 1 ca BV1)
Vng 2 ca BV1 l bo v d phng cho BV5 do :Vng 2 ca BV1 khng th bo v vt qu Vng 1 ca cc bo v lin k (BV5; BV7)Phi hp vi ng dy ngn nht (bo v ti 50% ca ng dy ngn nh)
108
Ci t cc vng bo v
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Vng 3 (Z3) : bao trm ng dy di nht t thanh gp B (ng dyBD) Tuy nhin khngc qu vng 2 ca cc bo v BV3; BV5; BV7
Vng 3: tnh ti kh nng nh hng ca ti nng v trng hp xy radao ng cng sut.
109
Ci t cc vng bo v
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Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung
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Cc vng ca bo v khong cch
Vng hng ngc (Z3R)Vng bo v gia tng hiu qu bo v.Bo v d phng cho thanh gpt khong 25% tng tr vng I
Vng III hng ngc (Z3KR) c th dng c tnh tc ng v hng(hnh trn).
110
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Ci t cc vng bo v
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Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung
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Minh ha112
Ngun
ng dy 1ng dy 2 ng dy 3
1015% 1015% 1015%Vng I Bo v 2 Vng I Bo v 3A B C D
Thanh gp B
Thanh gp A
Vng It = 0 giy Tng tr
ng dy
Vng IIt = t giy
Vng IIIt = 2t giy
Vng I Bo v 1
Thanh gp B
Thanh gp A
Vng It = 0 giy Tng trng dy
Vng IIt = tgiy
Vng IIIt = 2t
giy
Vnghngngc
f f
Thut ton tnh ton tng tr
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Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung
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Cc mch vng tnh ton tng tr
S c pha-pha: 3 mch vng tnh tonPht hin s c pha-pha: ch mch vng pha-pha c nh gi
S c pha-t: 3 mch vng tnh ton
Pht hin s c pha-t: ch mch vng pha-t c nh gi
113
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N X T D f El i P S H i U i i f S i d T h l115
Thut ton tnh ton tng tr
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Cc mch vng tnh ton tng tr
H s b th t khng K0
Rle o ng gi tr tng tr th t thun nu mt lng dng ibng (K-1)/3 c a thm vo dng in pha.L h s b dng in th t khng cn ci t
115
H s bth tkhng
Ng X T g D t t f El t i P S t H i U i it f S i d T h l g116
Thut ton tnh ton tng tr
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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Vi cc pha khng s c
Tng tr tnh ton c ln hn tng tr s cCh mang mt phn dng s cin p thng gim t hn
116
Fault Loop Equation
Single phase to groundAG, BG, CG
ZAG= VA / (1+k 0) IAZBG= V B / (1+k 0) IBZCG= V C / (1+k 0) IC
Three phase
ABC
ZABC = VA/B/C / IA/B/C
Double phase
AB, BC, CA
ZAB= (VA- VB) / I A- IBZBC= (V B- VC) / I B- ICZCA= (V C- VA) / I C- IA
Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology117
Phi hp lin ng cc bo v khong cch
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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Nu khng c s lin h phi hp gia cc bo v hai u
ng dy:S c ti 1015%cui ng dy mi pha s c loi tr vi thigian ca vng 2 (tr mt khong t)nh hng n n nh ca h thng
Khng th s dng h thng t ng li nhanh:My ct hai u khng c ct cng lcs c thong qua dthnh duy tr.
Khc phc: thc hin lin ng gia cc BVKC thng qua knhtruyn tng tc loi tr s c
117
HT11015%
A B
HT21015%
N1N2
Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology118
Phng thc lin ng bo v (Teleprotection)
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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Cc phng php
Zone 1 Extension Scheme Transfer Tripping Schemes
Direct Under-reach Transfer Tripping SchemePermissive Under-reach Transfer Tripping (PUTT) Scheme
Permissive Over-Reach Transfer Tripping (POTT) SchemeNgun yu (Weak Infeed)
Blocking Over-reaching schemeNgun yu
So snh s truyn tn hiu cho php v truyn tn hiu kh
118
Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology119
Phng thc lin ng bo v (Teleprotection)
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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Department of Electric Power System Hanoi University of Science and Technology
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Zone 1 Extensio