Articulation of Rhythm: A Multilanguage perspective Donna
Erickson Kanazawa Medical University & Sophia University Thanks
to many people: Mark Tiede, Jangwon Kim, Pascal Perrier, Christophe
Savariaux, Shigeto Kawahara, Ian Wilson, Jeff Moore, Atsuo
Suemitsu, Caroline Menezes, Caroline Smith, Osamu Fujimura, J.C.
Williams, Yoshiho Shibuya, & Japan Society for the Promotion of
Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) #25370444.
Haskins Laboratories, June 11, 2015
Slide 3
Outline Jaw displacement patterns of different languages L2
productions F0 and jaw Metrical structure and jaw
Slide 4
Vatikiotis-Bateson and Kelso (1993): patterns of jaw
displacements vary for different languages
Slide 5
French
Slide 6
Japanese
Slide 7
? I saw five bright highlights in the sky tonight
Slide 8
? Dakara Mana wa atama ga sara sara da
Slide 9
? Nata cha nattachapassonchat pacha qui sechappa
Slide 10
? A na val sara a casa blancamana na
Slide 11
? Ja1 ja1 ba3 ba4 ba ma1ma xia4 pa4 la? Jiajia has made father
and mother frightened ?
Slide 12
Brief summary 1. Presence/absence of initial and final
prominence 2. French, Japanese, Chinese: final prominence 3.
Japanese also: initial prominence 4. Direction of jaw opening
pattern: overall increase or decrease (or no change) 5. English
(Germanic languages) is different: jaw opening varies according to
prominence value of each syllable.
Slide 13
L2 productions
Slide 14
I saw five bright highlights in the sky tonight Japanese E
French E English
Slide 15
Nata cha nattachapassonchat pacha qui sechappa American F
French American F
Slide 16
Dakara Mana wa atama ga sara sara da Japanese English J Dakara
manawa atama ga sara sara da Dakara manawa atama ga sara sara da
Dakara manawa atama ga sara sara da
Slide 17
Comments When we learn L2, we start with our own language When
we become better, we change our patterns
Slide 18
Independence of Jaw & F0 English: I SAW a dog (high or low
F0 ok) Japanese: hashi ga aru (There is a bridge) hashi ga aru
(There are chopsticks) hashi ga aru (There is an edge) Spanish:
Mama valsara a casablanca manana Ana valsara a casablanca manana
Chinese: same tone, different jaw displacement
Slide 19
Slide 20
Spanish
Slide 21
Slide 22
A na val sara a casa blancamana na
Slide 23
Spanish Ma ma val sara a ca sablanca ma na na
Slide 24
Spanish. Jaw and F0
Slide 25
Mandarin Chinese Eat 3 tasteless eggs
Slide 26
F0 and Jaw independent Maybe F0 has been over-rated
Slide 27
Metrical structure English Japanese Chinese? Spanish?
French?
Slide 28
Working Hypothesis each language has a pattern of jaw
displacements which reflects the prosodic/metrical structure of
that language. English
Slide 29
Japanese metrical structure 1. Pitch and mandible lowering are
independent. 2. Initial syllables within each phrase receive some
kind of stress, which Prof. Fujimura often refers to as stress.
From Fujimura (2000)
Slide 30
Slide 31
Mandarin Chinese Eat 3 tasteless eggs
Slide 32
Mandarin M ma m m Mother curses the horse
Slide 33
Summary 1. Each language has systematicity in terms of jaw
movement. 2. All languages have a pattern of jaw displacement 3.
This pattern reflects the phrase structure (metrical structure) of
that language. 4. When we learn a second language, we start with
our own language. 5. When we become better, we change the pattern
(at least to some extent) 6. F0 is over-rated.
Slide 34
Future Work 1. Do acoustic analysis (F0, duration, intensity,
formants, voice quality) 2. Metrical analysis of Spanish, French,
Chinese 3. Applications to second language learning Somatosensory
training with L2 speakers