ܐ
ʾʾalaph
(silent; can have value of a or e)
ܒ
b
bet
ܓ
g
gamal
ܕ
d
dalat
ܗ
h
het
ܘ
w or v
waw / vav
Can also have value of o, u
ܙ
z
zayn
ܚ
h
het
( pronounced “ch” as in “loch”)
ܛ
t
tet
(a hard, emphatic “t”)
ܝܝܝ
y
yodh
ܟܟ ܟ
k
kap
Medial (L) and final (R) form
ܠ
l
lamad
ܡ
m
mim
ܢܢ ܢܢܢ
n
nun
medial (L) and two final (R) forms
ܣ
s
semkat
ܥ
ʿʿe
(pronounced in back of throat; “ghey”);transliterated with backward apostrophe
ܦ
p
pe
(pronounced, “pay”)
ܨ
s
sade
(“ts” sound as in “jets”)
ܩ
q
qop
ܪ
r
resh
ܫ
S
“sh” sound; shin
(“sheen”)
ܬ
t
taw / tav