Þxqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj fyf[kr nk'kZfud...

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266 lIre v/;k; lIre v/;k; lIre v/;k; lIre v/;k; Þxqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj fyf[kr nk'kZfud xh Þxqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj fyf[kr nk'kZfud xh Þxqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj fyf[kr nk'kZfud xh Þxqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj fyf[kr nk'kZfud xhr % r % r % r % rqyukRed v/;;uß rqyukRed v/;;uß rqyukRed v/;;uß rqyukRed v/;;uß izkLrkfod izkLrkfod izkLrkfod izkLrkfod - n'kZu'kkL=k izkphu ijaijk ls tqMk 'kkL=k gS ftles a ekuo thou ds dqN vuNq, igyqvksa dks mtkxj djus dk iz;kl gksrk gS A lkfgR; esa lekt dh os ?kVuk,¡ izfrfcafcr gksrh gaS tks vDlj fn[kkbZ nsrh gS fdarq dqN ckrsa] rRRo ,sls gksrs gSa ftudh vksj lkfgR;dkj vuns[kh djrs gaSA oLrqr% nk'kZfud i{k dks mtkxj djuk mruk vklku ugha gksrk gSA ekuo laosnuk,¡ euq"; thou dks ewyHkwr :i ls fu/kkZfjr djrh gaS vfirq mudk Lo:i fuf'pr gksrs gq, Hkh mUgsa vfHkO;Dr djus dh 'kSyh l'kDr gksus dh vko';drk gksrh gSA xqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj ,sls xhrdkj gaS ftUgksaus ekuo&thou] ekuo laosnukvksa ls tqMs+ ml lR; dk vUos"k.k vius xhrksa esa djus dk iz;kl fd;k vkSj mlds lkFk n'kZu tqM+k gqvk gSA thou dks lapkfyr djusokyh tks Hkh 'kfDr;k¡ gksrh gSa mUgsa n'kZu cy nsrk gSA thou dh lgh jkg fn[kkus ds lkFk&lkFk cqjh izo`fRr;ksa ls cpus dh lh[k gesa n'kZu ds n~okjk feyrh gS vkSj xqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj us ;g dke cMs+ l'kDrrk ds lkFk vius nk'kZfud xhrksa ds ek/;e ls fd;k gSA HkkSfrd lk/kuksa ds ykyp ds dkj.k vkt bUlku vkSj bUlkfu;r esa iM+ jgh njkjas fparu dk fo"k; cus gaSA ,sls le; bu xhrdkjksa ds nk'kZfud xhr gesa dqN ek=kk esa jkgr nsrs gSaA xyr izo`fRr;ksa dk Úgkl vkSj lekt ds LoLFk okrkoj.k dh dkeuk izLrqr xhrksa esa lkdkj gqbZ gSA le;≤ ij vius /kS;Z dks [kksusokys lekt esa thus dh ubZ yyd iSnk djus dk dk;Z bu xhrksa ds ek/;e ls gksrk gSA ;gh nk'kZfud xhrksa dh cM+h miyfC/k ekuuh gksxhA izLrqr v/;k; esa xhrdkj xqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj ds nk'kZfud xhr fofo/k vk;keksa ds lkFk gekjs lkeus izLrqr gksrs gaSA

Transcript of Þxqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj fyf[kr nk'kZfud...

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lIre v/;k;lIre v/;k;lIre v/;k;lIre v/;k;

Þxqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj fyf[kr nk'kZfud xhÞxqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj fyf[kr nk'kZfud xhÞxqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj fyf[kr nk'kZfud xhÞxqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj fyf[kr nk'kZfud xhr % r % r % r %

rqyukRed v/;;ußrqyukRed v/;;ußrqyukRed v/;;ußrqyukRed v/;;uß

izkLrkfod izkLrkfod izkLrkfod izkLrkfod −

n'kZu'kkL=k izkphu ijaijk ls tqMk 'kkL=k gS ftlesa ekuo thou ds dqN vuNq, igyqvksa

dks mtkxj djus dk iz;kl gksrk gS A lkfgR; esa lekt dh os ?kVuk,¡ izfrfcafcr gksrh gaS tks

vDlj fn[kkbZ nsrh gS fdarq dqN ckrsa] rRRo ,sls gksrs gSa ftudh vksj lkfgR;dkj vuns[kh djrs

gaSA oLrqr% nk'kZfud i{k dks mtkxj djuk mruk vklku ugha gksrk gSA ekuo laosnuk,¡ euq";

thou dks ewyHkwr :i ls fu/kkZfjr djrh gaS vfirq mudk Lo:i fuf'pr gksrs gq, Hkh mUgsa

vfHkO;Dr djus dh 'kSyh l'kDr gksus dh vko';drk gksrh gSA xqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj

,sls xhrdkj gaS ftUgksaus ekuo&thou] ekuo laosnukvksa ls tqMs+ ml lR; dk vUos"k.k vius xhrksa

esa djus dk iz;kl fd;k vkSj mlds lkFk n'kZu tqM+k gqvk gSA

thou dks lapkfyr djusokyh tks Hkh 'kfDr;k¡ gksrh gSa mUgsa n'kZu cy nsrk gSA thou dh

lgh jkg fn[kkus ds lkFk&lkFk cqjh izo`fRr;ksa ls cpus dh lh[k gesa n'kZu ds n~okjk feyrh gS vkSj

xqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj us ;g dke cMs+ l'kDrrk ds lkFk vius nk'kZfud xhrksa ds ek/;e

ls fd;k gSA HkkSfrd lk/kuksa ds ykyp ds dkj.k vkt bUlku vkSj bUlkfu;r esa iM+ jgh njkjas

fparu dk fo"k; cus gaSA ,sls le; bu xhrdkjksa ds nk'kZfud xhr gesa dqN ek=kk esa jkgr nsrs gSaA

xyr izo`fRr;ksa dk Úgkl vkSj lekt ds LoLFk okrkoj.k dh dkeuk izLrqr xhrksa esa lkdkj gqbZ gSA

le;≤ ij vius /kS;Z dks [kksusokys lekt esa thus dh ubZ yyd iSnk djus dk dk;Z bu

xhrksa ds ek/;e ls gksrk gSA ;gh nk'kZfud xhrksa dh cM+h miyfC/k ekuuh gksxhA izLrqr v/;k; esa

xhrdkj xqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj ds nk'kZfud xhr fofo/k vk;keksa ds lkFk gekjs lkeus

izLrqr gksrs gaSA

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7777----1 ^n'k1 ^n'k1 ^n'k1 ^n'kZu* % ifjdYiuk Zu* % ifjdYiuk Zu* % ifjdYiuk Zu* % ifjdYiuk −

ftl izdkj l`f"V dk fuekZ.k jgL;e; gS mlh rjg euq"; thou Hkh jgL;e; gSA ml

jgL; ;k lR; dh [kkst ^n'kZu* ds n~okjk gksrh gSA ;g lR; dh [kkst oSpkfjd Lrj ij gksrh gSA

'kf'k lgxy ds vuqlkj&Þn'kZu oSpkfjd Lrj ij lR; dk vUos"k.k djrk gSAß1 Hkkjr ds

euhf"k;ksa dh n'kZu ijaijk vR;ar le`n~/k jgh gSA osn] mifu"kn~] iqjk.k bldk Li"V izek.k gSA

Þv/;kReokn n'kZu dk izkjafHkd :i gSAß2 laLd`r&fganh dks'k ds vuqlkj&Þ^n'kZu* 'kCn laLd`r

ds ^n`';* /kkrq esa ^Y;qV* izR;; yxus ls cuk gS] ftldk vFkZ gS&ns[kukAß3 vFkkZr fo'ks"k n`f"V ls

thou dks ns[kukA n'kZu esa vkRek] ijekRek] izd`fr] bZ'oj] euq"; thou rFkk mlds jgL;ksa dk

fu:i.k fd;k tkrk gSA vk/kqfud ;qx esa n'kZu 'kCn lkekU;r% ekuo ds thou&n'kZu ds :i esa

gh vf/kd iz;qDr gksrk gSA y{ehukjk;.k 'kekZ ds vuqlkj&ÞO;fDr ds ân; esa thou vkSj txr

ds fo"k; esa tks tks ftKklk,¡ rFkk iz'u mRiUu gksrs gSa] mu ftKklkvksa] iz'uksa ,oa jgL;ksa dk og

vius O;fDrxr fo'ys"k.k ds mijkar tks fu"d"kZ izkIr gksrk gS ogh mldk thoun'kZu gSAß4 thou

vkSj txr dh oSpkfjd [kkst rFkk fpjaru lR; dh [kkst n'kZu dk eq[; /;s; gSA MkW- loZiYyh

jk/kkd`".ku us ekuo thou esa n'kZu dk egRRo fo'kn djrs gq, dgk gS&Þekuoh; crkZo ds fy,

,d y{; [kkstus esa] ekuoh; eu ds mPprj iz;klksa ds fy, ,sD; izLFkkfir djkus esa n'kZu ;FkkFkZ

foKkuksa dh vis{kk dgha vf/kd lgk;d gSAß5 LIk"V gS fd thouewY;ksa dks tkuus ds fy, n'kZu

lgk;d gksrk gS vkSj n'kZu esa fparu ij vf/kd tksj fn;k tkrk gSAekuo thou rFkk l`f"V ds

laca/k esa euq"; ds eu esa fofo/k izdkj ds iz'u [kMs gksrs gSa] mUgsa lqy>kus dk iz;kl n'kZu ds

n~okjk gksrk gSA xfr'khy rFkk ifjorZu'khy ekuo thou ds thouewY;ksa ds lkFk n'kZu tqM+k gqvk

gSA euq"; dk lq/kkj rFkk ekuorkokn dks n'kZu ls cy feyrk gSA

1- lgxy 'kfDr & u;h dfork esa ewY; cks/k] i`- 126

2- MkW- 'kqHky{eh & vk/kqfud fganh dkO; esa jk"Vªh; psruk] i`- 93

3- vkIVs f'kojke okeu & laLd`r&fganh dks'k] i`- 450

4- y{ehukjk;.k 'kekZ & ujsanz 'kekZ vkSj mudk dkO;] i`- 89

5- East and West in religion – S. Radhakrisnnan, page -98

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7777----2 nk'kZfud xhr 2 nk'kZfud xhr 2 nk'kZfud xhr 2 nk'kZfud xhr −

n'kZu dk eq[; mn~ns'; ekuodY;k.k jgk gSA blh mn~ns'; dh iwfrZ ds fy, l'kDr

lk/ku ds :i esa nk'kZfud xhr mi;ksx esa vkrs gSaA euq"; thou dks xfr nsus] lgh fn'kkfunsZ'k

djus rFkk thou dks lkFkZdrk iznku djus gsrq n'kZu dke esa vkrk gS vkSj nk'kZfud xhrksa ds

ek/;e ls ;g dk;Z lQy :i ls laiUu gksrk gSA nk'kZfud xhrksa esa thou&n'kZu dks dsanz ekudj

foospu fd;k tkrk gSA xfr'khy rFkk ifjorZu'khy ekuo thou ds thouewY;ksa ds lkFk&lkFk

thou ds lR; rFkk vuNq, igyqvksa dks nk'kZfud xhrksa ds ek/;e ls vfHkO;Dr fd;k tkrk gSA

bu xhrksa esa [kkldj thou dk n~oan~o] lalkj dk ;FkkFkZ] lekt] txr rFkk bZ'oj laca/kh /kkj.kk,¡

izLrqr gksrh gSaA euq"; dk lq/kkj rFkk ekuorkokn ij nk'kZfud xhrksa esa cy fn;k tkrk gSA lkjs

lekt esa leUo;kRed n`f"V] loZ/keZ leHkko vkSj jk"Vªh;rk vkfn fopkj/kkjk,¡ Hkh nk'kZfud xhrksa

esa fufgr gksrh gSaA

7777----3 xqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj fyf[kr nk'kZfud xhr 3 xqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj fyf[kr nk'kZfud xhr 3 xqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj fyf[kr nk'kZfud xhr 3 xqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj fyf[kr nk'kZfud xhr −

xqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj ds xhrksa esa nk'kZfud :i dk Li"V n'kZu gksrk gSA muds

nk'kZfud xhrksa esa thou&n'kZu] izklafxd laosnukRedrk] oSpkfjdrk] LokuqHkwfrewydrk] bZ'oj

laca/kh fopkj] HkkX;okn] lkekftdrk rFkk leUo;kRed n`f"V dk lekos'k gksrk gSA euq"; us vga

dk R;kx dj viuh varjkRek rd igw¡pus rFkk lkjs fo'o esa ,drk LFkkfir djus ds iz;kl ds

fy, ;g xhr gesa izksRlkfgr djrs gSaA bu xhrksa esa ;qxhu okrkoj.k rFkk laLd`fr dk e/kqj feyu

fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA fdlh ckg~; izsj.kk ls ugha cfYd xqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj dk [kqn dk

thou&n'kZu gh mUgsa gj le; nk'kZfud xhrksa ds l`tu ds fy, izsfjr djrk jgk gSA mu nksuksa

ds nk'kZfud xhrksa ds fofo/k igyw bl izdkj gSa &

7777----3333----1 thou ehekalk fo"k;d xhr 1 thou ehekalk fo"k;d xhr 1 thou ehekalk fo"k;d xhr 1 thou ehekalk fo"k;d xhr −

euq"; dk thou tfVy vkSj xgjk gSA mlds ckgî :i ls T;knk mldk varjax gekjs

lkeus vusd iz'uksa ,oa ftKklkvksa dh l`f"V djrk gSA nk'kZfud xhrksa ds ek/;e ls ml thou ds

varjax i{k rFkk ekuo thou dh ehekalk djusokys fofo/k igyqvksa dks mtkxj fd;k tkrk gSA

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xqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj us nk'kZfud xhrksa esa thou ehekalk fo"k;d n'kZu dks i;kZIr ek=kk

esa vfHkO;Dr fd;k gSA

euq"; dks vius thou vkSj thou ds gj iy ds izfr ges'kk lrdZ jguk pkfg,A fdarq

euq"; gkFk esa vk;k gj iy fdlh dke esa fcrkus dh vko';drk gS tc fd og mls x¡okrk tk jgk

gSA xqytkj ^xksyeky^ fQYe ds ,d xhr ds ek/;e ls blh ckr dh vksj funsZ'k dj jgs gSa rFkk

euq"; dks lpsr dj jgs gaSA xqytkj dgrs gSa fd thou dk tks Hkh iy gekjs gkFk esa vkrk gS og

:dusokyk ugha gSA le; gekjs fy, :drk ugha gS vkSj u gh og dHkh Fkdrk gSA vfojr xfr ls

pyusokyk ;g le; dk pØ gekjs thou dh ifjØek dks iw.kZ djus ds fy, ges'kk dk;Zjr jgrk

gSA euq"; ds fy, ;g vko';d cu tkrk gS fd og gj le; viuh ftanxh dks ] vius gkFk esas

vk, gj iy dks th Hkj ds th,A ns[krs&ns[krs iy gekjs gkFk ls fudy tkrk gS tks <w¡<us ij Hkh

gesa iqu% izkIr ugha gksrkA oDr ds isM+ ls ,d&,d yEgk fxjrk gS ysfdu og gj yEgk ,d&,d

nkLrku esa cny tkrk gSA thou dks ihNs eqM+dj ns[kus ds ckn mu nkLrkuksa ds gesa n'kZu gksrs gSa

fdarq og chrs gq, yEgsa ughas fn[kkbZ nsrsA FkksMklk g¡lkdj vkSj FkksMklk :ykdj tkusokys bu

iyksa dh egRrk dks] ,d fojkV thoun'kZu dks xqytkj us vizfre :i ls bu 'kCnksa esa vafdr

fd;k gS &

Þvkusokyk iy tkusokyk gS

gks lds rks bl esa

ftanxh fcrk nks

iy tks ;g tkusokyk gS---

ns[kk rks ;gh gS

<w¡<+k rks ugha gS

iy tks ;g tkusokyk gS

vkusokyk iy---

bl ckj oDr ls

yEgk fxjk dgha

ogk¡ nkLrk¡ feyh

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yEgk dgha ugha

FkksMk&lk g¡lkds

FkksMk&lk :ykds

iy tks ;g tkusokyk gS

vkusokyk iy tkusokyk gS ß1

fQYeQsvj iqjLdkj izkIr mi;qZDr xhr esa mHkjk gqvk thou n'kZu gj euq"; dks fu'p; gh izsj.kk

nsusokyk] thou thus dh lgh lh[k nsusokyk izrhr gksrk gSA thou esa dqN u djusokyksa ds fy,

;g xhr psruk iznku djrk gS rFkk mUgsa thou ds izfr lpsr djus esa Hkh dke;kc fln~/k gksrk gSA

gj fdlh dk thou pkgs og vehj gks ;k xjhc vusd djoVas ysrk jgrk gSA thou ds gj

eksM+ ij mls vyx gh thou&laxhr lqukbZ nsrk gSA [kq'kh ls clj gks jgh ftanxh dc xe esa vkSj

xe esa th jgs dc [kq'kh ik,¡xs dgk ugha tk ldrk vkSj ;gh thou dk cMk jgL; gSA fQj Hkh gj

fdlh dks thou ds izfr ldkjkRed n`f"Vdks.k j[krs gq, [kq'kh ls thou;kiu djus dh

vko';drk ij xqytkj ,d xhr ds ek/;e ls tksj nsrs gSaA ^[kV~Vk&ehBk^ fQYe ds ,d xhr esa

xqytkj thou dks vaxwj dk nkuk ekurs gSaA dqN dPpk rks dqN iDdk ysfdu tks Hkh thou th;k

gS mlesa [kq'kh <w¡<+rs gq, tks gkFk esa u vk;k mls [kV~Vk ekurs gaSA mudk ekuuk gS fd tks iy

gekjs gkFk esa u vk, mUgsa liuk le>dj Hkwy tkvks vkSj tks gkFk esa gS mldk lnqi;ksx djds

thou dks th ds ns[kks D;ksafd thusokys thou ds lkFk le>kSrk djds ;ksa Hkh thrs gSa rks gesa D;k

,srjkt gS \ thou esa jksuk iMs+ rks jks ds] FkksMk&lk gWalds dHkh :dds vkSj FkksMk&lk pydj

thou dk lQj r; djus dh ekWax djusokyk xqytkj dk ;g lqanj xhr gesa thou thus dh lgh

in~/kfr dh vksj fn'kkfunsZ'k bu 'kCnksa esa djrk gS &

;g thuk gS ] vaxwj dk nkuk

dqN dPpk gS] dqN iDdk gS

vjs] ftruk [kk;k ehBk Fkk

tks gkFk u vk;k [kV~Vk gSA

1- xqytkj & esjk dqN lkeku] i`- 63

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;g ?kwerk ifg;k] xksy :iS;k

gkFk u vk, js----

gkFk u vk, rks le>ks gS liuk

tsc esa gks rks I;kjs eky gS viuk

th ds ns[kks ] thusokys ;w¡ Hkh thrs gSa

fnu dh pknj QV tk, rks jkr dks lksrs gSaA

FkksMk&lk jks ds] FkksMk&lk g¡luk

FkksM+k&lk :duk] FkksM+k&lk pyuk

;g thuk gS] vaxwj dk nkuk---ß1

Li"V gS fd xqytkj dh utj esa thou flQZ nq%[k nsusokyk gh ugha gS rks mlesa ls dqN ,sls iyksa

dks Hkh gesa <w¡<+uk iMrk gS tks gesa ldwu ns ldsA thou ds izfr ;g ldkjkRed n`f"Vdks.k gh gesa

thou thus ds fy, ubZ ÅtkZ iznku djrk gSA

dqN yksx viuk thou cgqr xyr rjhds ls thrs gSaA lq[k dh ykylk ls gh muds gkFkksa

vusd xyr dke gksrs gSaA blds fy, og nwljksa dks nq%[k nsus esa Hkh ugha drjkrsA nwljksa ds lq[k

dks fNudj viuk lq[k <w¡<+us dh bl fod`r izo`fRr ds dkj.k gh lekt esa vusd cqjkbZ;ksa dk

lapkj gks jgk gSA xqytkj ,sls nq"V izo`fRr ds yksxksa dks ,d xhr ds ek/;e ls dky dh efgek ls

ifjfpr djk jgs gSaA xqytkj bu yksxksa ls dgrs gaS fd le; dc vkSj dgk vki dks ekr nsxk irk

Hkh ugha pysxk D;ksafd oDr ds lkeus vki dqN Hkh ugha gSaA rqe gok esa rSjrs jgrs gks] FkksMh&lh

[kq'kh ls Qqxs jgrs gks ysfdu rqEgsa ;g ekywe ugha gS fd ;g gok ughas vk¡/kh gS tks vkidks dqN gh

iyksa esa iyV ns ldrh gSA viuh tM+ksa dks gh vxj vki dkVus ij rqys gSa rks [kcjnkj! D;ksafd

dky dh dqYgkM+h bruh rkdroj gS fd mldh ekj ls vki /oLr gks tk,¡xs] tSls &

Þle; cjkcj dj nsrk gS le; ds gkFk esa vkjh gS

oDr ls iatk er ysuk] oDr dk iatk Hkkjh gS

1- xqytkj & esjk dqN lkeku] i`- 93

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272

lhax gok gS

uk idM+ks

tM++ksa ds Vk¡ds dV tk,¡xs

dky&dqYgkM+h uk idM+ks

dky dh] vjs dky dh ykB+h cM+h gh l[+r gSß1

mi;qZDr xhr esa xqytkj nq"V izo`fRr ds yksxksa dks dky ls cpdj jgus dh lykg nsrs gSa tks vkt

ds le; esa cM+h izklafxd yxrh gSA lekt esa c<+ jgs xyr O;ogkj vkSj yksxksa ds dkj.k gh

lekt vkt viuh vfLerk dks [kksrk tk jgk gSA

^fdukjk^ fQYe ds ,d xhr esa xqytkj thou esa dqN vPNk djds vius uke dks jks'ku

djus dh ckr dh vksj b'kkjk djrs gSaA thou ftruk fojkV gS mruk gh lhfer HkhA e`R;q ds ckn

gekjs lkFk dqN ugha vkrk gS vksj u gh ihNs {kf.kd lk/kuksa ds vykok dqN ugha jgrk gSA fdarq

vxj gekjk dqN vPNk dk;Z ihNs jgrk gS rks lkjk lekt vkidks e`R;q ds ckn Hkh ;kn djrk gSA

vki vxj lq[k ls oafpr jg jgs gSa rks Hkh nwljksa dks lq[kh ns[kus dh vkidh reUuk gh vkidh

ftanxh dks ldwu ls Hkj nsxhA ;g izo`fRr gj fdlh ds eu esa mtkxj gksus dh vko';drk gSA

lkjs lekt esa mtkyk QSykus ds fy, vkids mPp fopkj vkSj vkpkjksa dh ykS vkidks tykuh

gksxh rkfd tc Hkh dksbZ mnkl gks rks vkidh ;kn Hkh mls thou thus dh ubZ izsj.kk nsxh] tSls &

Þuke xqe tk,xk ] psgjk ;g cny tk,xk

esjh vkokt gh igpku gS] xj ;kn jgs

oDr ds flre de glha ugha

vkt gS ;gk¡ dy dgha ugha---

fnu <ys tgk¡ ] jkr ikl gks

ftanxh dh ykS ] m¡ph dj pyks

;kn vk, xj dHkh ] th mnkl gks

1- xqytkj & NSa;k&NSa;k] i`- 42

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esjh vkokt gh igpku gS] xj ;kn jgs ß1

uke vkSj psgjs cnyus ds ckotwn ml O;fDr ds drZRo ls mldh igpku ges'kk cuh jgrh gSA

gj fdlh us og igpku cukus dh] e`R;q ds i'pkr lekt esa vkn'kZ dh felky LFkkfir djusokyh

ckr dks xqytkj us izLrqr xhr esa mBk;k gSA

^flrkjk^ fQYe ds ,d xhr esa xqytkj us thou esa vkbZ vdsysiu dh O;Fkk ] fujk'kk vkSj

mlls mRiUu thou ds izfr udkjkRed n`f"Vdks.k dks n'kkZ;k gSA dqN yksx thou eas vdsys jgus

ds fy, vfHk'kIr gksrs gSaA ,sls yksxksa ds fy, thou fu:n~ns'; cu tkrk gSA izd`fr dh lkjh

vkHkk] lkjk lkSan;Z muds fy, dksbZ dke dk ugha gksrk gSA lekt esa QSys lkjs psgjs muds fy,

vutku gksrs gSa vkSj lkjh eaftysa dfBu yxrh gSaA Hkjh HkhM+ esa rugkb;ksa ds lk, esa thusokyksa dh

ekufldrk dks xqytkj us bu 'kCnksa esa vfHkO;Dr fd;k gS&

Þ;g lk, gSa] nqfu;k gS ijNkb;ksa dh

Hkjh HkhM+ esa] [kkyh rugkb;ksa dh

;gk¡ dksbZ lkfgy&lgkjk ugha gS

dgha Mwcus dks fdukjk ugha gSA---

;gk¡ lkjs psgjs gSa ek¡xs gq,&ls

fuxkgksa esa vk¡lw Hkh Vk¡xs gq,&ls

cM+h uhph jkgsa gaS] Å¡pkb;ksa dh

;g lk, gSa ---ß2

var esa dguk mfpr gksxk fd xqytkj us ekuo thou ds gj igyq vkSj thou thus dh

lgh in~/kfr;ksa ls gesa ifjfpr djk;k gSA mUgksaus thou ds ldkjkRed vkSj udkjkRed

n`f"Vdks.k dks mtkdj fd;k gSA lkFk gh thou dh lgh jkg fn[kkusokyk mudk thoun'kZu

fu'p; gh mPpdksfV dk gS blesa lansg ughaA

ftl rjg dk thoun'kZu xqytkj ds xhrks esa vafdr gqvk gS mruk gh l'kDr

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1- xqytkj & esjk dqN lkeku] i`- 67

2- ogh] i`- 98

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thoun'kZu txnh'k [kscwMdj ds xhrkssa esa vfHkO;Dr gqvk gSA muds dbZ fQYeh xhr gSa ftlesa

mUgksaus thoun'kZu dks mtkxj fd;k gSA mudk thoun'kZu lq[k vkSj nq%[k esa ?khjs yksxksa dh

ekufldrk dk c;ku djrk gSA euq"; ds lkeus bl fuLlkj lalkj esa vusd pqukSfr;k¡ gksrh gSaA

nqfu;k ftruh vPNh gS mlls dbZ T;knk cqjh gS ftlds dkj.k thou;kiu djrs le; mlij

vusd ladVksa ds izgkj gksrs gSaA txnh'k [kscwMdj dkeuk djrs gSa fd mu ladVksa ds ] nq%[kksa ds

izgkj >syus ds fy,] mlds f[kykQ la?k"kZ djus ds fy, gesa cy feysa] tSls &

Þlq[k FkksMa nq%[k Hkkjh

nqfu;k gh Hkyh cqjh

?kko clya ?kkokojh

Lkkslk;yk >aqtk;yk vaxh cGa ;sÅ nsß1

dguk xyr ugha gksxk dh mi;qZDr iafDr;ksa esa txnh'k [kscwMdj dk [kqn dk thoun'kZu gh

>ydrk gS]ftldk izfrfcac gh bu iafDr;ksa esa mHkjdj vk;k gSA

ekuo thou esa fdrus gh jgL; fNis gq, gSaA Hkfo"; ls vutku euq"; lq[k vkSj nq%[k ds

Qsjs esa dc vkSj dgk¡ vk tk, irk Hkh ugha pyrk A /kwi vkSj Nk¡o dh rjg lq[k nq%[k dh

ijNkb;k¡ gSa A dksbZ lq[k dk Hkkxh curk gS rks dksbZ nq%[k dks gh >syus ds fy, vfHk'kIrA

ekrk&firk viuh larku dks vPNs laLdkj nsdj c<+k djrs gSaA fdlh dh larku vius

?kj&ifjokj dk uke jks'ku djrh gS rks dksbZ larku vius ek¡&cki dk ân; Hkh rkj&rkj dj nsrh

gSA dHkh fdlh dks I;kl yxus ij ve`r Hkh izk'ku ds fy, fey ldrk gS rks fdlh ds lkeus ls

ijkslk gqvk [kkuk Hkh fu;rh ds n~okjk fNuk tk ldrk gSA blh dkj.k txnh'k [kscwMdj dgrs gSa

fd euq"; dks lq[k&nq%[k ges'kk vkrs jgsaxs ckotwn blds mls vius thou esa R;kx dh Hkkouk dk

Lohdkj djuk pkfg, ftls ,d cgqr cM+k uSfrd lEeku izkIr gSA ^iSt^ fQYe ds ,d xhr dk

;g thoun'kZu bu 'kCnksa esa O;Dr gqvk gS &

Þ,desdka ftadk;ph iSt ykxyh ja

lq[k&nq%[k Åulkoyh ja-

1- txnh'k [kscwMdj & fp=kxaxk Hkkx 1] i`- 21

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ykSfddkyk mtfGrks dq.kh tUenkrk

dkGtkpa rqdMa tksMh dq.kh ek;ekrk

eukryh gqjgwj MksGk okfgyh ja

rgkusyk feGa dnh ve`rkpk ?kksV

ijrwu tkbZ R;kpa okMY;kya rkV

vkanGîkua ikaxGîkyk okV nkoyh ja

R;kxkeanh yiyk ja ybZ eksV~Vk ekuß1

euq"; dks R;kx dh mTToy ijaijk ls tqM+us dh lykg nsusokyk txnh'k [kscwMdj dk mi;qZDr

xhr fu'p; gh okLrfod thou dh xgjkb;ksa ls gesa ifjfpr djkrk gSA flQZ vius lq[k vkSj

nq%[k esa gh u vVddj vius R;kx ds n~okjk lkjs lekt esa lEeku izkIr djus dh vksj fn'kkfunsZ'k

djusokyk ;g xhr fu'p; gh iz'kaluh; gSA

euq"; thou esa laiRrh dk egRRo vuU;lk/kkj.k gSA dHkh&dHkh yxrk gS fd euq"; ds

fy, iSlk gh vafre lp cu x;k gSA fdarq mls ekywe ugha gS fd lkjs ikiksa dh tM+ ;g iSlk gh

gSA euq"; iSlksa ij gh thrk gS vkSj iSlksa ds fy, gh ejrk gSA Hkxoku ls tknk bl nqfu;k esa /ku

dks vf/kd egRRo izkIr gks x;k gSA ftlds ikl /ku gS mlds gh dke gksrs gaS ;g vfyf[kr ladsr

cu x;k gSA bu iSlksa us ,slh tknw dh gS fd mlds lkeus lkjs fj'rs&ukrs fQds iM+us yxrs gSaA

NksVk cPpk Hkh viuh ek¡ dks NksM+ bl iSls ds ihNs yxrk gS ;g okLro gSA tUe ls ysdj e`R;q

rd gj dksbZ bu iSlksa dk gh xqyke gS bl dVq thoun'kZu dks txnh'k [kscwMdj us bu 'kCnksa esa

vafdr fd;k gS&

Þckjk MksGîkauh ikia lkjh] ukjk;.k cxrks

iS'kkik;h ekuql ejrks] iS'kkoj txrks

oklqnsokph ,sdk okuh] txkr UgkbZ jke js

1- txnh'k [kscwMdj & fp=kxaxk Hkkx 3] i`- 89

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276

nke djh dke ;sMîk] nke djh dke js-

iS'kkph tknw ybZ U;kjh] rkU;k iksjkyk R;kph gko

vkbZ lksMwu ?ksra; >si] iS'kkP;k ekxquh /kkoa

tyekiklwu lkjh ekula gîk iS'kkph xqyke js-ß1

dguk lgh gksxk fd iSlk gh thou ugha gS ekuus dh izo`Rrh tc rd ugha iuirh rc rd lekt

{kf.kd eksg esa gh vVddj lgh lq[k ls oafpr jg tk,xkA thou dk lgh lq[k R;kx vkSj

leiZ.k esa gS fdarq lekt ^Lo^ rd gh lhfer jgk gS tks ,d cgqr cM+k fparu dk fo"k; gS ftldh

vksj izLrqr xhr ds ek/;e ls txnh'k [kscwMdj us /;ku f[kapk gSA iSlk gh thou esa loZLo ugha gS

cfYd izse ] n;k] d:.kk ds lkeus iSlk Hkh vikfgt cu tkrk gSA Je ij thusokyksa dh utj esa

esgur ls dekbZ jksVh dh fder gh nqfu;k esa lcls T;knk gksrh gSA ?kj dk lkSHkkX; ] lq[k] 'kkafr

rFkk ekaxY; gh muds fy, rhFkZLFkyksa ls de ugha gksrk gSA txnh'k [kscwMdj ds vuqlkj &

Þ;k ek;keers Egksja iSlkp ikaxGk Bjrks

d"Vkph Hkkdjh feGrk lalkj lq[kkpk Hkjrks

?kjkr ;srk xaxkekbZ ?kjkr pkjh /kke js---ß2

Li"V gS fd txnh'k [kscwMdj us nksuksa i{k gekjs lkeus izLrqr fd, gSaA vkt euq"; ds fy, iSlk

egRRoiw.kZ cu x;k gS ;g lp gS fQj Hkh dqN ,sls rRRo ekStwn gSa ftlds lkeus iSlk dqN Hkh ugha

gSA la{ksi esa dguk gks rks euq"; ds thou esa iSlk gh lcdqN ugha gS blh ckr dk /;ku j[kdj

vxj og thou;kiu djrk gS rks og lgh vFkZ esa lq[k dk Hkkxh gksxkA

txnh'k [kscwMdj dk ^vkEgh tkrks veqP;k xkok^ fQYe dk ,d izfln~/k nk'kZfud xhr gS

ftlds dkj.k mUgksaus cMh [;kfr ikbZ gSA mudk ekuuk gS fd gekjk lkjk nsg gh ,d vyekjh

dh rjg gS ftlesa HkfDr lekfgr gSA vko';drk gS mlds njokts [kqyus dhA [kscwMdj dgrs

1- txnh'k [kscwMdj &fp=kxaxk Hkkx 2] i`- 9

2- ogh] i`- 10

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gSa fd dksbZ vxj cwjk dk;Z djrk gS rks mldk vareZu mls vanj gh vanj dqjsnrk jgrk gSA tSls

fcYyh dks yxrk gS fd nw/k ihrs le; mls dksbZ ns[k ugha jgk gS ;k tSls pksjh djusokys pksj ds

eu esa pk¡n.kh jkr dk Mj gksrk gSA dqN yksx fnu esa vPNs deZ djds lekt esa iz'kalk ikuk

pkgrs gaS fdarq ogh vkneh jkr esa iki deksZ esa fyIr jgrs gSaA vr% ,sls yksxksa us fdrus Hkh iki fd,

rks mudk izk;f'pRk mUgsa [kqn dks gh Hkqxruk iMrk gSA euq"; ds ;FkkFkZ thou&n'kZu dks

txnh'k [kscwMdj us bu 'kCnksa esa vafdr fd;k gS &

Þnsgkph frtksjh HkDrhpkp Bsok

m?kM nkj nsok vkrk] m?kM nkj nsok-

firs nw/k MksGs feVquh tkr ekatjkph

euh pksjVîkP;k dk js Hkhrh pkan.;kph ---

mtsMkr gksrs iq.; va/kkjkr iki

T;kps R;kps gkrh vkgs drZO;kps eki ---ß1

dguk mfpr gksxk dh thou esa iki ls cpdj jgus dh lykg nsusokyk ;g thou n'kZu fu'p;

gh vkn'kZ dk nîksrd gSA

vkt&dy euq"; dh ijksidkj o`fRr de gksrh tk jgh gSA vius vkSj viuksa rd fleV

x;k ;g balku rkysa yxkdj viuh /kuy{eh dks dSn dj nsrk gS ftlds dkj.k ml /kuy{eh dk

tUe gh tSls fu:i;ksxh cu tkrk gSA blfy, [kscwMdj dgrs gaS fd vkids fy, ;g lqvolj gS

fd vki y{eh dks ijksidkj ds ek/;e ls vktkn djsaA lkFk gh tks vki ij midkj djrk gS

mlds izfr vkidks ftruk laHko gS enn dh Hkkouk j[kuh pkfg, rFkk tks gekjs fy, le; ij

dke vkrk gS mlds ladV ds le; vkidks mldh rjQ gkFk c<kuk pkfg, ;gh lPpk

ekuorkokn gSA ^bZ";kZ fQYe ds ,d xhr esa txnh'k [kscwMdj us blh ckr dks bu 'kCnksa esa

vafdr fd;k gS &

ÞdMhdqyikr rq>h nkSyrhph ek;k

1- txnh'k [kscwMdj&fp=kxaxk Hkkx 1] i`- 65

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y{ehpk tye gîks tkbZy dk ok;k

lksU;kokuh la/kh vkyh djh midkj-

oatGhua feGa rqyk ewBHkj |koa

;Gaojh fnya R;syk yk[keksy ;koa ---

ladVkpa ?kko lkslR;kr lkjh

dqukP;k ch :ikua gîks nso mHkk nkjh ---ß 1

Li"V gS fd yqIr gksrh tk jgh ijksidkj dh Hkkouk dh vksj txnh'k [kscwMdj mi;qZDr xhr ds

ek/;e ls b'kkjk djrs gSa Tkks vkt ds ;qx esa euq"; ds thoun'kZu dh n`f"V ls izklafxd yxrk gSA

var esa dguk lgh gksxk fd txnh'k [kscwMdj ds thou ehekalk fo"k;d nk'kZfud xhrksa

esa euq"; ds thou fo"k;d vkn'kZ vkSj mnkRr fopkjksa dk ifjektZu gqvk gSA muds ;s xhr ladV

esa Hkh lR; vkSj f'ko dk lkFk u NksM+us ds fy, gesa izsfjr djrs gSaA vPNs&cwjs ] iki&iq.; dh

foHkktu js[kkvksa ls ifjfpr djkusokys ;s xhr fu'p; gh lekt dh fodkl'khy ijaijk dks

uSfrd n`f"V ls izksRlkgu nsus esa mi;qDr fln~/k gksaxsA

7777----3333----2 LokuqHkwfrewyd nk'kZfud xhr 2 LokuqHkwfrewyd nk'kZfud xhr 2 LokuqHkwfrewyd nk'kZfud xhr 2 LokuqHkwfrewyd nk'kZfud xhr −

euq"; vkSj lekt&thou vuqHkwfr;ksa ls le`n~/k curk gSA lekt esa ?kfVr gksus okyh

vPNh&cqjh ?kVukvksa ds dkj.k gh euq"; thou esa rFkk lekt ds O;kid Lrj ij veqykxz

ifjorZu gksrk gSA dqN cqjs vuqHko gesa cqjs dk;Z ls cpus ds fy, izsfjr djrs gaS rks vPNs vuqHkoksa

dk HkkaMkj gekjh thou rFkk O;kid Lrj ij lekt dks le`n~/k djus ds fy, egRRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk

fuHkkrs gSaA ;g NksVs&NksVs vuqHko gh gekjs thou ds lgh fn'kkfunZs'ku ds fy, lcls tknk

dkjxj fln~/k gksrs gSaA xhrdkj xqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj ds nk'kZfud xhrks esa

LokuqHkwfrewyd nk'kZfud xhrksa ds txg&txg ij n'kZu gksrs gSaA blds ihNs bu nksuksa egku

foHkwfr;ksa dk lekt ds izfr ns[kus dk LokuqHkwfrewyd n`f"Vdks.k gh egRRoiw.kZ gSA

1- txnh'k [kscwMdj & fp=kxaxk Hkkx 3] i`- 74

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279

vkneh nq%[k esa ;k rugkbZ esa [kqn dks fujk'k] vdsyk ikrk gSA nqfu;k esa lcls T;knk

nq%[k eq>s gh gS ,sls ekuus okyksa dks ;g irk ugha gksrk gS fd nqfu;k esa ,sls fdrus gh yksx gSa tks

nq%[k ] nnZ vkSj rugkbZ esa xqtkjk djrs gSaA ^fdukjk^ fQYe dk uk;d [kqn dks rugk eglwl dj

jgk gS fdarq xqytkj fy[krs gaS fd flQZ rqe vdsys ugha gks] oSls ns[kk tk, rks lHkh vdsys gSaA

blfy, viuh rugkbZ rFkk nq%[k dh f'kdk;r fdlh ls u djus dh ek¡x xqytkj us bu

izfrdkRed 'kCnksa ds ek/;e ls dh gS &

Þviuh rugkbZ dk vkSjksa ls u f'kdok djuk

rqe vdsys gh ugha gks lHkh vdsys gSa ß1

dguk xyr ugha gksxk fd vkneh lq[k esa lekt ls dksbZ okLrk ugha j[kuk pkgrk fdarq ogh

vkneh nq%[k esa gj fdlh ls f'kdk;r djrk jgrk gSA ysfdu mls ekywe ugha gksrk gS fd nqfu;k

esa fdrus gh yksx nq%[kh gSaA fcydqy ekfeZd vkSj izfrdkRed 'kCnksa esa vafdr gqbZ bl vuqHkwfr ls

gj dksbZ ifjfpr gksxk blesa lansg ughaA

gj vkneh oDr dk ekjk gSA fdlh ds fy, rks og tknk gh nnZnkbZ gksrk gSA tc rd

thrs gSa] tyrs jgrs gSaA mu tyusokyksa dks lekt flQZ lgkuqHkwfr nsus ds vykok dqN ugha

djrkA dqN iy ds fy, mUgsa yxrk gS fd mUgsa yxh vkx de gks jgh gS rHkh dgha ls fQj dksbZ

fpaxkjh muds t[eksa dks gok ns tkrh gSAml lkekU; vkneh dh O;Fkk bu 'kCnksa esa O;Dr gqbZ gS &

ÞeSa oDr dk eqtfje gw¡ ysfdu

bl oDr us u;k balkQ fd;k

tc rd thrs gks] tyrs jgks

ty tkvks rks dguk ekQ fd;k

ty tk, tjk&lh fpaxkjh

rks vkSj gok fey tkrh gSß2

1- xqytkj & esjk dqN lkeku] i`- 76

2- ogh] i`- 81

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280

izLrqr xhr ds ek/;e ls xqytkj crkuk pkgrs gSa fd dqN yksxksa dh fu;rh gh ,slh gksrh gS fd

muds ulhc esa flQZ nq%[k vkSj nnZ gh fy[kk gksrk gSA muds t[eksa dks gok nsus ds ctk; lekt

us mu ij ejge yxkus dh t:jr gSA

thou ds lQj esa fujk/kkj vkSj iFkfofgu ifFkdksa dks cM+h eqf'dyksa dk lkeuk djrk

iMrk gSA lrr la?k"kZ'khy jguk gh muds thou dh vfuok;Zrk cu tkrh gS] ckotwn blds dh

mUgsa fdlh rjg dk lgkjk ugha gksrk gSA ftl rjg dkxt dh dfLr;ksa dks dksbZ fdukjk ugha

feyrk mlh rjg bu lQj djusokyksa dk Hkh dksbZ fdukjk ugha gksrk gSA ftuls lgkjs fd vis{kk

gksrh gS os lgkjs gh vxj [kqn ds lgkjs ls fcNM+ tk, rks ge fdls lgkjk ek¡xs \ ,slh dfBu

fLFkfr esa vxj dksbZ e¡>/kkj esa gh lgkjs ds fy, vk tk, rks mls D;k dgk tk, \ ogh iDdk

lgkjk gS &

Þlkfgyksa is cgusokys

dHkh lquk rks gksxk dgha

dkxtksa dh df'r;ksa dk

dksbZ fdukjk gksrk ughaA

ikfu;ksa esa cg jgs gSa

dbZ fdukjs VwVs gq,

jkLrksa esa fey x, gSa

lHkh lgkjs NwVs gq,A

dksbZ lgkjk ] e¡>/kkj esa feys rks

viuk lgkjk gS

vks ek¡>h js ---ß1

ladV dh ?kM+h esa gj fdlh dks lgkjs dh vko';drk gksrh gSA ml oDr feyusokyk lgkjk gh

fpjLFkk;h gksrk gSA

1- xqytkj & esjk dqN lkeku] i`- 56

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281

le; ds lkFk pyusokys gh vius thou esa ges'kk lQy gksrs gSaA pkgs os cslgkjk gh D;ksa

u gks fdarq mUgksaus viuh nq%[kn nkLrkuksa dks NksM+ lekt ds eq[; izokg esa vkus dh t:jr gSA

^jkgxhj^ fQYe dk uk;d tUe ls cslgkjk gSA u ?kj ] u ?kkV vkSj u gh fdlh vk¡xu dk lgkjk

mlds ulhc esa gSA fQj Hkh og vkokjk ] eLr gSA lHkh tdM+uksa dks rksM+ [kqn dks Lora=k eglwl

dj jgk gSA tks fny esa vk, mlh ds vuqlkj clj djus ds dkj.k mlds thou esa [kq'kh Nk;h gSA

bldk egRRoiw.kZ dkj.k ;g gS fd mlus viuk uxj] lkfgy dks NksM+ chp e¡>/kkj esa gh pyus dk

QSlyk fd;k gSA ml uk;d dh vuqHkwfr bu 'kCnksa esa O;Dr gqbZ gS &

Þtue ls catkjk gw¡ ca/kq] tue&tue catkjk

dgha dksbZ ?kj u ?kkV u v¡xukjk

tgk¡ dgha Bgj x;k fny] geus Mkys Msjs

jkr dgha uedhu feyh rks ehBs lk¡>&losjs

dHkh uxjh NksM+h ] lkfgy NksM+k] fy;k e¡>/kkjk js ---1ß

dguk mfpr gksxk fd gj euq"; dks nq%[k gksrk gS fQj Hkh mls nq%[k esa gh ges'kk f?kjdj ugha jguk

pkfg,A vkRefo'okl vkSj ifjJe ds cycwrs ij mls Å¡ph Nyk¡x yxkuh pkfg, ftlls og lq[k

izkIr dj ldsA la{ksi esa ge dg ldrs gSa fd xqytkj us lekt dks ftruk utnhd ls ns[kk gS

mldk ifjikd gh gS fd mUgsa LokuqHkwfrewyd nk'kZfud xhrksa esa i;kZIr ek=kk esa lQyrk feyh gSA

txnh'k [kscwMdj ,sls xhrdkj gSa ftUgksaus lkekftd ;FkkFkZ dks&pkgs og vPNk gks ;k

cqjk viuh vkWa[kksa ls ns[kk gS] eglwl fd;k gSA blh dkj.k mudh vuqHkwfr;k¡ gh mUgsa

LokuqHkwfrewyd nk'kZfud xhrksa ds ys[ku ds fy, izo`Rr djrh jgh gSA lekt esa vPNkbZ dks

fn[kkusokys dbZ lk/ku ekStwn gSa rks cqjh izo`fRr;ksa dks vuns[kk djus dk izpyu c<+ jgk gSA gj

jkst ds vuqHko gh euq"; dks le`n~/k djrs gSa c'krsZ blds fy, oks vk¡[ksa gksuh pkfg,A

txnh'k [kscwMdj n~okjk lekt ns[kk lp ys[kuhcn~/k u gksrk rks gh vk'p;Z A muds

dbZ xhr gSa ftlesa mUgksaus lekt ds nnZukd lp dk vuqHko fy;k gSA lekt esa fdrus gh

1- xqytkj & esjk dqN lkeku] i`- 47

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282

xqukgxkj] 'kjkch vkSj tqvkjh gSa ftuls lkjk lekt vkØkar gSA gj dksbZ muds djrqrksa dks

vuqHko djrk gSA vehj cuus dh ykylk us mUgsa jsl ds ?kksM+s cuk, gaSA yxke dks NksM+ os LoSj

O;ogkj dj jgs gSaA dqN iSlksa ds fy, og nwljksa dk [kwu rd djus ds fy, rS;kj gaSA bruh

Hk;kud fLFkfr vkbZ gS fd dksbZ fdlh dks ywVrk gS rks dksbZ lkjk xk¡o gh tyk Mkyrk gSA cxy esa

Nwjh vkSj eq[k esa jke tSlk O;ogkj djusokyksa ls gh lkjk lekt Hkjk iMk gSA lekt esa QSys bl

nqO;Zogkj dk txnh'k [kscwMdj ^nke djh dke^ fQYe esa cM+s lVhd 'kCnksa esa vadu djrs gSa &

Þdquh tqxkj lV~Vsckt dqfu [ksGa eqacbZ eVdk

pkaMkG pkSdMh terk dqfu ?ksrks ,dp ?kqVdk

'k;Zr ?kksMk pkS[kwj lqVyk] Qsdyk R;kua yxke jsa-

gîk doMh&neMh ik;h] dqfu jkdql ?ksbZ tho

dqfu Mkdk njksMk ?kkyh] dqfu tkGwu Vkdh xko

cxyaeanh lqjh nq/kkjh] eq[kh nsokpa uko js ---ß1

lekt esa ?kfVr gksusokys bl lp ls dksbZ vutku gS ,slh ckr ugha gSA blds fojks/k esa vkokt

mBkus dh vko';drk gSA izLrqr xhr ds ek/;e ls bls cy feyrk gSA

txnh'k [kscwMdj dh utj esa balku vkSj balkfu;r dh cM+h vgfe;r gSA vDlj ge

ns[krs gSa fd vkt&dy balkfu;r yqIr gksrh tk jgh gSA balkfu;r dk gksVy vkt jkg ns[k jgk

gS ysfdu ;gk¡ ij flQZ LokFkZ vkSj n~os"k ls Hkjs yksx gh fn[kkbZ nsus yxs gSaA balkfu;r ds

lkFk&lkFk yksxksa us LokfHkeku dks Hkh frykatfy nh gSA isV Hkjus ds fy, rFkk {kf.kd lq[k ds eksg

esa vkdj mlus viuh vkRek dks Hkh csp Mkyk gSA mldh fLFkfr ykpkj dqRrs ls Hkh cnrj cu xbZ

gSA og flQZ fn[kkos ds fy, lk/kw cu tkrk gS fdarq lPpkbZ ;g gS fd vius dkys dkjukeksa dks

Nqikus ds fy, gh og eq[k esa bZ'oj dk uke ysdj yksxksa dks] lekt dks Bxkrk jgrk gSA txnh'k

[kscwMdj ,d xhr esa bl izo`fRr dk ekfeZd fp=k.k bu 'kCnksa esa djrs gSa &

Þgs ekuqldhpa gkVsy c?kra; okV

1- txnh'k [kscwMdj&fp=kxaxk Hkkx 2] i`- 9

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283

dquh fr[kkV HksVrks; fgra dquh xqGekV

rqdMîklkBh ykpkj gksÅu

'ksiwV gyoh dq=kk-

gîk xnhZeanh blj iMrks nsokpk

rksaMku pkyrks xtj uqlR;k ukokpk

dkGîk iS'kkph pkanh ?ksÅu

nsoGkyk ekjrh irjk ---ß1

lekt dks ,slh xyr izo`fRr;ksa dks le;&le; ij [knsM+ nsuk gksxk rHkh lekt esa LoLFk

okrkoj.k dh fufeZfr gksxhA

lkekU; vkneh vius lkalkfjd thou esa tSls&rSls thou O;rhr djus ds fy, vfHk'kIr

gSA txnh'k [kscwMdj dgrs gSa fd lkalkfjd thou dk eryc ,d dSn gS ftlls eqfDr ugha gSA

gesa feyusokyh lgkuqHkwfr;k¡ flQZ fn[kkok gksrk gSA izse] eerk ;s lkjs 'kCn udyh cu x, gSa A

gj fdlh ds eu esa LokFkZ fNik gksrk gSA fQj Hkh ,slh fLFkfr esa euq"; dks viuk /kS;Z ugha [kksuk

pkfg, cfYd blls eqDr gksus ds fy, mls ubZ fgEer ls Nyk¡x yxkuh gksxhA bl le; Hkxoku

Hkh mlds lkFk gksxk D;ksafd iz;kl djusokys dk lkFk Hkxoku Hkh nsrk gSA euq"; ds fodkl vkSj

mn~/kkj dh ?kM+h utnhd vkbZ gS c'krsZ mls iz;klksa dh vko';drk gSA ykpkj euq"; dks fgEer

trkrs gq, txnh'k [kscwMdj fy[krs gSa &

ÞlalkjkP;k rqjaxkeanh dSn rqyk >kyh js

HkksGîk [kqGîk thok vkrk rwp rq>k okyh js-

[kksVh ek;k [kksVh eerk

Tkks rks vkgs LokFkkZiqjrk

udks /khj lksMw ;sMîk] udks MksGa xkGw ---

>si ?ksbZ eqDrhlkBh

1- txnh'k [kscwMdj & fp=kxaxk Hkkx 3] i`- 85

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284

nso rqÖ;k iq<rh ikBh

rqÖ;k mn~/kkjkph vkrk toG ?kMh vkyh- ß1

txnh'k [kscwMdj izLrqr xhr ds ek/;e ls yksxksa esa vk'kk dh T;ksr txkdj muesa thus dh ubZ

yyd rFkk meax iSnk djuk pkgrs gSaA

var esa dguk lgh gksxk fd txnh'k [kscwMdj ds LokuqHkwfrewyd nk'kZfud xhr

lekt&thou ds fy, vko';d fln~/kkarksa vkSj ewY;ksa dh j{kk gsrq iz;kl djrs gq, fn[kkbZ nsrs gSaA

NksVh&NksVh ckrksa ds ek/;e ls ekuo&thou rFkk lekt ds fodkl'khy okrkoj.k dh fufeZfr

gsrq ;g xhr fu'p; gh mi;ksxh fln~/k gksrs gSa rFkk gksrs jgsaxs blesa lansg ughaA

7777----3333----3 uSfrdrk fo"k;d n`f"Vdks.k 3 uSfrdrk fo"k;d n`f"Vdks.k 3 uSfrdrk fo"k;d n`f"Vdks.k 3 uSfrdrk fo"k;d n`f"Vdks.k −

nk'kZfud xhrksa esa uSfrdrk fo"k;d n`f"Vdks.k egRRoiw.kZ LFkku j[krk gSA ikfjokfjd]

lkekftd] jktuhfrd] lkaLd`frd] jk"Vªh; rFkk oSf'od Lrj ij ns[kk tk, rks HkkSfrd laiUurk

ls T;knk uSfrd laiUurk dk egRRo vf/kd ekuk tkrk gSA fdlh euq"; ;k fdlh jk"Vª dh

laiUurk mlds /ku ij ugha cfYd vkpkj&fopkj vkSj uhfr&ewY;ksa dh le`fn~/k ij ukih tkrh gSA

vke lekt esa fdl rjg dh uhfreRrk dk izpyu gS ;k uSfrdrk dk ikyu fd;k tkrk gS ;k

ugha bu ckrksa ij ml lekt ds Lrj dk ekinaM+ gksrk gSA vktdy uSfrdrk dks frykatfy

nsusokyh vusd ?kVuk,¡ ?kfVr gks jgh gSaA ,slh fLFkfr esa uSfrdrk dks n'kkZusokys xhrksa ds ek/;e

ls lekteu dk ifjorZu laHko gS vkSj bl n`f"V ls xhrdkj xqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj ds

uSfrdrk fo"k;d n`f"Vdks.k dks Li"V djusokys xhr viuh egRRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk vnk djrs gSaA

xhrdkj xqytkj Lo;a uSfrdrk dk ikyu djusokys l'kDr xhrdkj gSa vkSj bl n`f"V ls

uSfrdrk muds nk'kZfud xhrksa dk dsanzfcnq jgh gSA uSfrdrk dh orZeku nqnZ'kk dk vadu muds

xhrksa esa fo'ks"k :i ls mHkjdj vk;k gSA vkt ge ns[krs gSa fd lHkh txg >wBsiu dk gh cksyckyk

gSA fdlh Hkh lp ds ihNs >wB gh gksrk gS rFkk vkt >wB dks gh lp ekuus vkSj euokus dh izFkk

:<+ gks jgh gSA >wB ,d xe cu x;k gS rks lp ,d cyk D;ksafd lPpkbZ dk Lohdkj djus dh

1- txnh'k [kscwMdj & fp=kxaxk Hkkx 2] i`- 32

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ekufldrk vc fdlh ds ikl ugha jgh gSA bruk gh ugha rks lp ds dkj.k dHkh&dHkh uqdlku

gh Hkqxruk iM+rk gS bruk >wB dk izHkko c<+ jgk gSA dkys dkjukesa djusokyksa ds fny Hkh

dkysiu ls Hkjs gq, gSa tks lekt esa xanxh gh ugha QSykrs rks eklwe yksxksa ls ekSr dk [ksy Hkh

[ksyrs gSaA iki vkSj ikfi;ksa us ikyh ;g vuSfrdrk lkjs lekt ds fy, fo/oaldkjh fln~/k gks jgh

gSA ^vDl^ fQYe ds ,d xhr esa xqytkj us vuSfrdrk dk inkZQk'k bu 'kCnksa esa fd;k gS &

ÞHkyk cqjk] cqjk Hkyk gS

[kksVs ij [kjk iyk gS

>wB lp dk D;k irk gS

,d xe gS bd cyk gS ---

dkyk gS rks dkyk gksxk

ekSr dk elkyk gksxk

iki us tuk ugha rks

ikfi;ksa us ikyk gksxk ß1

Li"V gS fd ,sls ifjos'k esa lPpkbZ dk ne ?kqV tkrk gS vkSj lekt esa xyr :f<+;k¡ izpfyr gks

tkrh gaS ftlds nq"ifj.kke O;kid Lrj ij meM+ iM+rs gSaA blfy, lPpkbZ dk lkFk nsusokyh

vkSj >wBsiu dks csudkc djusokyh O;oLFkk dk leFkZu djus dh t:jr gSA

^choh vkSj edku ^ fQYe esa Hkh xqytkj us lp vkSj >wB ds ek/;e ls uSfrdrk dk

O;aX;kRedrk ds lkFk vadu fd;k gSA mudk ekuuk gS fd nqfu;k esa lp vkSj >wB ;s nksuksa gh

l;kus thus ds cgkus gSaA flQZ lp cksyus ls dke ugha pyrk rks vkt fjokt+ cu x;k gS fd >wB

cksydj gh vki lekt ij viuh Nki NksM+ ldrs gSa rks lp cksyus ij vkids xys eqf'dy Hkh iM+

ldrh gSA yksxksa dks vkt myVh ckr dh bruh vknr iM xbZ gS fd lh/kh ckr ls mUgsa Mj yxrk

gSA lp vkSj >wB nksuksa dk cgqr iqjkuk fj'rk gSA ,d&nwljsa ds fcuk os ugha jgrs cfYd dgs rks

os nks vk¡[kksa esa jgrs gSaA dHkh lp rks dHkh >wB cksydj nqfu;k dks Q¡lkrs jgrs gSaA iki] iq.; vkSj

1- xqytkj & NSa;k&NSa;k] i`- 94

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iNrkok tSlh ckrsa vkt dkyckgî gks xbZ gSA og ckrsa vkt dksbZ ek;us ugha j[krs D;ksafd mu

lHkh dk ewY; ,dleku gks x;k gSA xqytkj vius eu dh HkM+kl dks O;aX;kRed 'kSyh eas bu 'kCnksa

esa O;Dr djrs gSa &

Þnqfu;k esa nks l;kus

,d >wB gS] ,d lp gS

thus ds nks cgkus

,d >wB gS] ,d lp gSA

>wB dgk fd Nk x, ikis

lp cksyk fd ej x,

myVh ckr le> esa vkbZ

lh/kh ckr ls Mj x,A

>wB vkSj lp nks ;kj iqjkus

nks vk¡[kksa esa jgrs gSa

ckjh&ckjh ns[kds nqfu;k

vk¡[k ekjds dgrs gSa

iki] iq.; vkSj iNrkok gS

,d gh tki ds nkusAß1

vkt lp vkSj >wB dk Hksn feV jgk gS ;g ,d cgqr cM+h foM+acuk gSA blls gksusokyh gkfu

fdruh fo/oald gS ;g lekt vuqHko dj jgk gSA uSfrdrk dk iru djusokys bl rRRo us

O;kid Lrj ij viuk izHkko NksM+k gS ftlls cpus ds fy, gesa fQj ls uSfrd ewY;ksa dh j{kk gsrq

iz;kl djus gksaxsA xqytkj ds xhr bl n`f"V ls vPNk iz;kl gSA

^xqM~Mh^ fQYe ds ,d xhr esa xqytkj vareZu ls tqM+h uSfrd Hkkoukvksa ij fot; ikus dh

ek¡x djrs gSaA eu dh 'kfDr gh bruh izcy gS fd og lHkh cwjh 'kfDr;ksa ij fot; gkfly dj

1- xqytkj & esjk dqN lkeku] i`- 142

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ldrh gSA blds fy, vko';d gS fd bl tfVy dk;Z esa nwljksa ls igys [kqn dks t; feys rkfd

nwljs Hkh blls dqN vkn'kZ ys ldsA lcls igys Lo;a ds eu ls gh Hksn&Hkko u"V gksuk pkfg,

rFkk vxj nksLrksa ls dksbZ Hkwy gksrh gS rks mls ekQ djus dh mnkjrk geesa vkuh pkfg,A >wB ls

cpdj lp dk lkFk nsus dh fgEer gesa izkIr gksA [kqn ij bruk gkSlyk cuk, j[kuk pkfg, fd

dksbZ Hkh cqjh ckr gesa izHkkfor u dj lds] tSls &

Þ gedks eu dh 'kfDr nsuk] eu fot; djsa

nwljksa dh t; ls igys [kqn dks t; djsa ---

Hksn&Hkko vius fny ls lkQ dj ldas

nksLrksa ls Hkwy gks rks ekQ dj ldsa

>wB ls cps jgsa] lp dk ne Hkjsa

nwljksa dh t; ls igys [kqn dks t; djsa

gedks eu dh 'kfDr nsuk ---ß1

dguk xyr ugha gksxk fd mi;qZDr xhrksa esa lfEefyr lHkh uSfrdrk fo"k;d fln~/kkrksa

dk vuqikyu vxj lekt n~okjk fd;k tk, rks lekt esa iqu% ,d ckj 'kqn~/k uSfrdrk vkSj LoLFk

lkaLd`frd ifjos'k dk ekgkSy iSnk gksxkA fQYeh xhr esa uSfrdrk ds lao/kZu gsrq fd;k xqytkj

dk ;g iz;kl fu'p; gh iz'kaluh; gSA

txnh'k [kscwMdj ds nk'kZfud xhrksa esa uSfrdrk fo"k;d n`f"Vdks.k dks Li"V djusokys

xhrksa dh la[;k i;kZIr ek=kk esa feyrh gSA ejkBh flusek T;knkrj ikfjokfjd fo"k;ksa ij dsafnzr

jgk gSA bl n`f"V ls ekuo lekt ls tqM+usokys uSfrd&vuSfrdrk dk fp=k.k mu fQYeksa esa

fn[kkbZ nsuk LokHkkfod gSA vuk;kl gh bl ckr dk ejkBh fQYeh xhrksa ij Hkh izHkko iM+k gS vkSj

txnh'k [kscwMdj ds xhr bl fn'kk esa vxz.kh gSaA

txnh'k [kscwMdj ds xhrksa esa vuSfrdrk dk c< jgk izpyu ekfeZdrk ds lkFk mtkxj

gqvk gSA muds vuqlkj lq[k&nq%[k vkSj vk'kk&fujk'kkvksa ls Hkjk gekjk thou dbZ dM+oh ckrksa

-----------------------------------------------------------

1- xqytkj & esjk dqN lkeku] i`- 52

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288

dk Lohdkj djus ds fy, vfHk'kIr gSA xjhch] nkfjnzî ,d jksx gS ftlls xjhc NqVdkjk ikuk

pkgrs gSa fdarq foMa+cuk ;g gS fd xjhc vkSj xjhch dk yksx etkd mM+kus yxs gSaA laosnukvksa ds

Lrj ij gqvk ;g uSfrd guu fu'p; gh nnZnk;h gSA nq%[k esa th jgs yksx lq[k ds fnu vkus dh

vk'kk ij thou thrs gSa ysfdu mudk HkzeHkax gksrk gS D;ksafd os izkekf.kdrk ds lkFk thou;kiu

djrs gSaA mUgsa ;g ekywe ugha gksrk gS lq[k] nq%[k] xjhch ls fdlh dks dksbZ okLrk ugha gSA gj

dksbZ O;ogkjh cu x;k gSA bl pyrs&fQjrs O;kogkfjd ?kksMs+ ij cSBus ds fy, gj dksbZ vkrqj gS

vkSj blij pksj&pDds gh lokj gks ldrs gSa ;g ,d lPpkbZ gSA izkekf.kd dke djusokyk dHkh

O;ogkjh ugha cu ldrk vkSj ;gha ij uSfrdrk ijkftr gksrh gSA txnh'k [kscwMdj viuh bl

O;Fkk dk vadu cMs+ ekfeZdrk ds lkFk bu 'kCnksa esa djrs gSa &

Þxfjchpk flusek c?kk lksMquh ykt

Lkq[kklax nq%[kkph ,sdk oktrh;k >kat

osMh vk'kk ckgqyh gksÅu

mxkp nkorh;k u[kjk-

gîks fQjrks ?kksM+k uko R;kpa O;ogkj

dquh pksj vlay R;ksa Vkax Vkdquh Lokjß1

nqO;Zogkfj;ksa dks uSfrd&vuSfrdrk ls dksbZ ysuk&nsuk ugha gksrkA fdarq bl O;ogkj ls lkekU;

vkneh nq%[kh gS ftlls og futkr ikus ds fy, rM+irk jgrk gSA fdarq nqHkkZX; ls mls dksbZ jkLrk

ugha fey jgk gSA xhrdkj txnh'k [kscwMdj us vius xhrksa ds ek/;e ls bl rM+i dks mtkxj

djus dk fd;k iz;kl fu'p; gh lekt fgr dh n`f"V ls mi;ksxh gSA

LokFkhZ yksx LokFkZ ls lekt esa pkgs ftruk /ku izkIr djs fdarq os lEeku] 'kkafr vkSj lq[k

ugha izkIr dj ldrs D;ksafd mudk LokFkZ ges'kk muds vareZu dks dqjsnrk jgrk gSA nhokj ij

Vk¡xs niZ.k esa ftl rjg viuh izfrek fn[kkbZ nsrh gS mlh rjg mUgsa mudh LokFkhZ izfrek fn[kkbZ

nsus yxrh gS ftlds ifj.kkeLo:i mUgsa [kqn dh izfrek ls uQjr gksus yxrh gSA blfy,

1- txnh'k [kscwMdj & fp=kxaxk Hkkx 1] i`- 85

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txnh'k [kscwMdj dgrs gSa fd le;&le; ij vijkf/k;ksa esa vPNk ifjorZu gksuk pkfg, rHkh

lekt ls cwjh izo`fRr;kWaaa u"V gksdj lekt esa vPNkbZ dh gok cgsxhA uSfrdrk ds Lrj ij gqvk

ifjorZu fu'p; gh lekt ds fy, ykHknk;h fln~/k gksxkA bruk gh ugha rks dksbZ vxj vPNs

dk;Z gsrq cqjh ckr djrk gS rks Hkh og iz'kalkyk;d gS D;ksafd mldk mn~ns'; egku gSA fu;eksa

dh utj esa og xqukgxkj cu ldrk gS fdarq O;kid Lrj ij mlds dk;Z ls mls vkarfjd lq[k

izkIr gksrk gS fd og dYiuk Hkh ugha dj ldrkA txnh'k [kscwMdj fy[krs gSa &

ÞLokFkZ t.kw fHkarhojpk vkjlk fcyksjh

vkiyhp izfrek gksrs] vkiqyhp oSjh

?kMks?kM~h vijk/;kapk] rksy lkojkok ---

Hkysi.kklkBh dks.kh] cqjsi.kk dsyk

ca/kukr vlquh osMk] txh eqDr >kyk

vkiqY;kp lkS[;kykxh djhy dk; rks gsok- ß1

izLrqr xhr ds vk/kkj ij ;g dguk mfpr gksxk fd cwjh izo`fRr;k¡ Hkh vxj vPNkbZ esa rCnhy gksrh

gSa rks lekt esa gksusokyk ldkjkRed ifjorZu fu'p; gh lq[knk;h gksxkA bl xhr ds ek/;e ls

;g vkdka{kk trkuk bl fn'kk esa vPNk ladsr gSA bl rjg ds ifjorZu ls lekt esa LoLFk

okrkoj.k dh fufeZfr gsrq tehu rS;kj gksxh blesa lansg ughaA

ekuo thou ij NkbZ vuSfrdrk fdruh Hkh dM+oh D;ksa u gks mldh ijkt; fuf'pr gSA

>wBsiu] Qjsc rFkk vijk/kh Hkkouk ls feyusokyk {kf.kd lq[k ;k /kuykHk fdruk Hkh gks fdarq

lPpkbZ ds lkeus mldh dher dqN Hkh ugha gSA lp ds lkeus og fdruh Hkh bZ";kZ djs] fn[kkos

dk <ksax djs fdarq lPpkbZ dk iyM+k ges'kk Hkkjh gksrk gSA v¡/ksjk fdruk Hkh lwjt ds lkFk cjkcjh

djus dk iz;kl djs og eq¡g ds cy fxjrk gS vkSj ges'kk gksrk ;g vk jgk gS fd lwjt us v¡/ksjs dks

fuxy Mkyk gSA mlh rjg vuSfrd deZ fdruk Hkh tksj yxk, iq.; ges'kk mlij gkoh gksrk gS]

mls fxyad`r djrk gS] mldk uk'k djrk gSA bruk gh ugha uSfrdrk ds lkeus vuSfrdrk dks

lhj >wdkuk gh iMrk gSA txnh'k [kscwMdj fy[krs gSa &

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1- txnh'k [kscwMdj & fp=kxaxk Hkkx 3] i`- 65

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Þlq;kZlax bZ";kZ djrks; va/kkj xk va/kkj

mtsM R;kyk fxGrks Eg.kwu cstkj xk cstkj

ikikP;k Egksaja iq.;kbZ Bjrh;k Hkkjh ---ß1

mi;qZDr xhr esa txnh'k [kscwMdj us cMs lqanj 'kCnksa esa izfrdkRedrk ds lkFk uSfrd i{k dk

izcy leFkZu fd;k gSA lkFk gh vuSfrdrk dh iksy [kksydj mlds nq"ifj.kkeksa ls gesa voxr

djk;k gSA

var esa dguk lgh gksxk dh txnh'k [kscwMdj us vius xhrksa ds ek/;e ls ekuo thou esa

QSyrh tk jgh vuSfrdrk dks mtkxj fd;k gS lkFk gh bl ckr dh vksj lpsr Hkh fd;k gS fd

vuSfrd O;ogkj ls vki {kf.kd lq[k izkIr Hkh dj ldrs gaS fdarq vkidks vxj lekt esa lEeku ls

thuk gS rks uSfrd ewY;ksa dk ikyu vki ds fy, vfuok;Z gSA bruk gh ugha vuSfrd O;ogkj

djusokyksa dks ges'kk uSfrd ewY;ksa dk ikyu djusokyksa ds lkeus >qduk gh iM+rk gS pkgs og

fdruk Hkh vehj D;ksa u gksA vkidk vuSfrd O;ogkj vkidks uSfrdrk ds lkeus dHkh lhj

mBkdj thus dh btktr ugha nsrkA

7777----3333----4 HkkX;okn 4 HkkX;okn 4 HkkX;okn 4 HkkX;okn −

ekuo thou esa vusd /kkj.kk,¡ izpfyr gSaA Hkfo"; dh vkgV dks gj dksbZ eglwl djuk

pkgrk gS vkSj blhfy, HkkX;okn muds fy, Jn~/kk vkSj vkLFkk dk fo"k; cu tkrk gSA Hkkjrh;

laLd`fr esa rks gj dksbZ HkkX; ds Hkjksls thrk gqvk fn[kkbZ nsrk gS vkSj bl n`f"V ls HkkX;okn muds

thou dk fu;ked cu tkrk gSA Je ij vk/kkfjr thoufu"Bk ds lkFk&lkFk HkkX;okn fdlh ds

fy, u;k izsj.kklzksr cu tkrk gS rks fdlh dks th rksM+ esgur ds ckotwn Hkh HkkX; dk lkFk ugha

feyrk rks mls fujk'kkokfnrk dk lkeuk djuk iMrk gSA lq[k&nq%[k Hkjs thou esa HkkX; dk lkFk

gj dksbZ pkgrk gSA dHkh HkkX; dk lkFk feyrk gS rks dHkh HkkX; ges'kk mlds lkFk vk¡[k&fcNkSuh

[ksyrk jgrk gS rc mldk thou nnZnk;h cuuk LokHkkfod gSA HkkX;okn ds lcy vkSj nqcZy

1- txnh'k [kscwMdj & fp=kxaxk Hkkx 2] i`- 69

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nksuksa i{k fganh vkSj ejkBh fQYeh xhrksa esa le;&le; ij mtkxj gksrs vk, gSaA xhrdkj

xqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj us vius xhrksa esa HkkX;okn dks O;Dr djusokys nk'kZfud :i dk

l'kDr vadu fd;k gSA

xqytkj dh utj esa HkkX; izd`fr n~okjk feyh ,d ,slh nsu gS ftlds lkeus ge lHkh

cscl gSaA le; ds FkisM+ksa dks lgus dh csclh gj fdlh dks >syuh iMrh gS D;ksafd oDr ds vkxs

fdlh dk dqN ugha pyrkA tks gksusokyk gS mls jksdus dh fgEer fdlh ds ikl ugha gSA rdnhj

esa tks fy[kk gS mls feVk;k ugha tk ldrk] og rks gksdj gh jgrk gS vkSj mlds f[kykQ ge

fdlh ds ikl f'kdk;r Hkh ugha dj ldrsA xqytkj fy[krs gSa &

ÞoDr dk lk;k

fdlus Vkyk gS

gks jgsxk &

tks gksus okyk gS ! ---

dkSu fdlls f'kdk;r djs

tks fy[kk gS oks feVrk ugha ! ß1

dguk mfpr gksxk fd euq"; vius thou dk fu;ark Hkxoku dks ekurk gS fQj Hkh mlds

thoupØ dh xfr HkkX; ij gh fuHkZj gSA ftruk lkFk Hkxoku dk vko';d gksrk gS mruk gh

fdLer dk HkhA fdarq dqN fdLerokysa ,sls gksrs gSa fd mudh dksbZ fdLer gh ugha gksrh gSA

thouHkj nq%[k esa thou;kiu dh vfHk'kIrrk ds dkj.k g¡luk muds ulhc esa ugha gksrk gS rks mUgsa

jksus dh btktr Hkh ugha gksrh gSA gj ekSle og csuke&lk thrs gSa rks thou ds gj jax mUgsa

fQds yxrs gSaA fdLer ds bl [ksy ds ekjs bu cnfdLerokyksa dh O;Fkk xqytkj us bu

'kCnksa esa cMs ekfeZdrk ds lkFk O;Dr dh gS &

ÞdqN ,sls fdLerokys gSa

1- xqytkj & NSa;k&NSa;k] i`- 52

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fd ftudh fdLer gksrh ugha

g¡luk Hkh euk gksrk gS mUgsa

jksus dh btktr gksrh ugha

csuke&lk ekSle thrs gSa

csjax Qtk fey tkrh gS ß1

vDlj ge ns[krs gSa fd HkkX; ds bl [ksy esa cMs+&cM+ksa dks ekr [kkuh iM+rh gSA HkkX; tc mudk

lkFk ugha nsrk gS rks iwjk thou gh mUgsa fujFkZd yxus yxrk gSA var esa dguk lgh gksxk fd

xqytkj us HkkX; dh egRrk rFkk HkkX; ftudk lkFk ugha nsrk gS mudh gksusokyh euksoLFkk dks

vius xhrksa esa vafdr fd;k gSA nk'kZfudrk dk HkkX;okn ,d izeq[k ?kVd gksus dkj.k thoun'kZu

ij mldk xgjk izHkko iMrk gSA

txnh'k [kscwMdj us vius nk'kZfud xhrksa esa HkkX;okn dks dbZ txg js[kkafdr fd;k gSA

,d xhr esa txnh'k [kscwMdj fy[krs gSa fd euq"; ds fy, HkkX; dk Qsjk cM+k dfBu gSA ge flQZ

dBiqrfy;k¡ gSaA bldh Mksj fdlds gkFk esa gS dksbZ ugha tkurkA ckotwn blds dksbZ vius HkkX;

dks u ekudj euekuh djus dk iz;kl djrk gS rks ml ij ;g HkkX; dk Qsjk ,slk /kkok cksy nsrk

gS fd lkjk tUe og mlls mHkj ugha ldrk &

Þuf'kckpk fQjrks ikG.kk gh vo?kM Qsjh

dquh /kjyh gkrke/kh letuk nksjh

?ksjh ;sÅu ojMsy R;kyk

tyekpk clrks; gknjkß2

Li"V gS fd HkkX;okn gekjh ekufldrk dks uSfrd O;ogkj ds izfr izfrcn~/k cukrh gSA

txnh'k [kscwMdj ,d xhr ds ek/;e ls HkkX; ds ekjs euq"; dks vk/kkj trkrs gq, dgrs

gSa fd HkkX; vxj dHkh ukjkt gksrk gS ;k ge ij g¡lrk gS rks Hkh gesa /kS;Z ds lkFk ml nqHkkZX; dk

1- xqytkj & esjk dqN lkeku] i`- 74

2- txnh'k [kscwMdj & fp=kxaxk Hkkx 3] i`- 85

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lkeuk djuk pkfg,A ml ladV ls Hkkxuk eryc gekjh gkj dk Lohdkj djus tSls gksxkA ml

nq%[k ls vJq cgkuk ;k mlls Hkkxuk gekjh detksjh dks mtkxj djuk gksxkA blfy, HkkX;

n~okjk fufeZr ml nq%[k dk g¡lrs&xkrs gq, Lohdkj djus dh ek¡x bu 'kCnksa esa O;Dr gqbZ gS &

ÞnSo gklys rqyk tjh] rw xkr jgk xk.kh

xfgoj QqVyk rjh] ykspuh vk.kw udks ik.kh ---

nq%[kkyk fHkÅ udks] ek?kkjh tkÅ udks 'kj.kkxrklkj[kk ß1

var esa dguk mfpr gksxk fd xqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj us HkkX;okn dks izfrfcafcr

djusokys fopkj ekfeZdrk vkSj izfrdkRedrk ds lkFk vius xhrksa esa O;Dr fd, gSaA HkkX; ,d

,slh vn`'; 'kfDr gS ftlds lkeus dksbZ ugha Vhd ldrkA mlds fojks/k esa tkdj ;k mls Mjs

fcuk vxj ge dksbZ xyr dk;Z djrs gaS rks gekjk nqHkkZX; dh pisV esa vkuk fuf'pr gSA blfy,

ekuo thou dks ewY;ksa vkSj uhfr&fu;eksa ds ikyu dh lh[k HkkX;okn ds n~okjk feyrh gSA 'kk;n

vkt fo'o esa ftruh Hkh ewY;xr vPNkbZ cph gS mlds ihNs HkkX;okn dk ;ksxnku cgqr cM+k gSA

7777----3333----5 laosnukRed nk'kZfud xhr 5 laosnukRed nk'kZfud xhr 5 laosnukRed nk'kZfud xhr 5 laosnukRed nk'kZfud xhr −

ekuo thou esa laosnukvksa dk vge~ LFkku gSA laosnu'khyrk gh euq"; thou dks

fu/kkZfjr djrh gSA laosnukij gh thou dh xfr rFkk izxrh vk/kkfjr gS rks laosnughurk euq";

dks uSfrdn`"Vîk nqcZy vkSj ykpkj cukrh gSA laosnukghu ekuo lekt vkSj jk"Vª dh n`f"V ls

fo?kkrd Hkh fln~/k gks ldrk gSA bl n`f"V ls laosnukvksa dh tkx`fr gsrq iz;kl dh vko';drk gS

vkSj ;g dk;Z xhrksa ds ek/;e ls l'kDr :i ls laiUu gqvk gSA xqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj

us laosnukvksa dks O;Dr djusokys vusd xhrksa dk l`tu fd;k gSA

xqytkj okLro esa ,d laosnu'khy xhrdkj gSaA ekuo&thou ls tqM+k thou n'kZu rFkk

mlesa lekbZ laosnuk muds xhrksa esa fo'ks"k :i ls mtkxj gqbZ gSA euq"; laosnukvksa ls Hkjk ,d

,slk tho gS ftlus fdruk Hkh pkgk rks Hkh og laosnuk dks NksM+ ugha th ldrk A xqytkj ds

vuqlkj euq"; vkSj euq"; dk fny nksuksa Hkh dPph feV~Vh ls cus gSaA os ns[kus esa l[r yxrs gSa

1- txnh'k [kscwMdj & fp=kxaxk Hkkx 2] i`- 77

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ckotwn blds ns[kus esa feV~Vh tSlk balku Hkh vius vk¡[kksa esa lek, vk¡lqvksa dks ugha fNik

ldrkA vk¡lw iksaNus ds ckn Hkh vk¡lqvksa ds fu'kku lq[kus esa oDr yxrk gS ;k vius nnZ dks og

vklkuh ls ugha Hkqyk ldrkA xqytkj euq"; ds bl laosnu'khyrk dks izfrdkRedrk ds lkFk bu

'kCnksa esa O;Dr djrs gSa &

ÞdPph feV~Vh gS] fny Hkh] bUlk¡ Hkh

ns[kus gh esa l[+r yxrk gS

vk¡lw iksaNs rks vk¡lqvksa ds fu'kk¡

[+kq'd gksus esa oD+r yxrk gS ß1

dguk mfpr gksxk fd euq"; fdruk Hkh laosnukghu gksus dh dksf'k'k djs og ugha cu ldrk

D;ksafd laosnuk mlds thou dk vfHkaUu vax gSA laosnukvksa ds fcuk euq";] euq"; gh ugha gSA

laosnuk ekuo&thou dk vfHkUu vax t:j gS fdarq lkekftd rFkk jktuhfrd

nqO;ZoLFkk n~okjk mlij brus vk?kkr gq, gSa fd dHkh&dHkh yxrk gS D;k lpewp euq"; us vkt

viuh laosnuk dks [kks fn;k gS \ dqN pan yksxksa us vius LokFkZ ds [kkfrj balkfu;r dks dqpy

Mkyk gSA ekuo ds lkFk vekuoh; O;ogkj djus ij rqys gq, ;g gSoku yxrk gS fd viuh lkjh

laosnukvksa dks [kks pqds gSa ftlds nq"ifj.kke lkjs lekt dks Hkqxrus iMrs gSaA bu yksxksa us

balkfu;r vkSj balku dks iSjks rys jkaSnk gSA ,sls f?kukSus [ksy gks jgs gaS fd balku ds lhj rd dkV

fn, tk jgs gSaA mu pan yksxksa us fdruh ckj balkfu;r dks gh lwyh ij Vk¡xk gSA bl

laosnughurk dks xqytkj us bu 'kCnksa esa O;Dr fd;k gS &

Þbulku dh ulyksa dks]

iSjksa esa jkSank gS]

pan yksxksa us ---

fxjh xnZu] lj dVus yxs gSa ---

fdruh ckj eq>s lwyh ij Vk¡xk gS]

1- xqytkj & esjk dqN lkeku] i`- 92

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pan yksxksa us ---ß1

vr% dguk mfpr gksxk fd xqytkj us euq"; esa fLFkr laosnuk dh vgfe;r rFkk orZeku

laosnukghu gksrh tk jgh lekt O;oLFkk dk ;FkkFkZ vadu vius xhrksa esa fd;k gSA

ejkBh fQYeh xhrksa esa laosnukRedrk dk vadu i;kZIr ek=kk esa gqvk gSA txnh'k

[kscwMdj ,sls xhrdkj gSa ftUgksaus laosnukRed nk'kZfud xhrksa dk fp=k.k oSfo/;rk rFkk

dykRedrk ds lkFk fd;k gSA laosnu'khyrk mudh utj esa cgqr cM+h vgfe;r j[krh gSA

laosnu'khyrk dk Úgkl gksuk eryc balkfu;r dks lwyh ij p<kuk gSA tc&tc euq"; HkkSfrd

lk/kuksa dh 'kj.k esa x;k gS rc&rc mlus viuh balkuijLrh dks NksM+ gSoku dk :i fy;k gSA

dyh;qx ls ysdj ;g flyflyk 'kq: gqvk gS tks vktrd cjdjkj gSA ,sls yksxksa dks lk/kq&larksa

us lpsr Hkh fd;k Fkk fd lksus&pk¡nh tSls HkkSfrd lk/ku gekjs fy, dksbZ ek;us ugha j[krs D;ksafd

bu lk/kuksa dh iwfrZ gsrq ge iki] vukpkj djrs gSaA lq[k dk jkLrk ges'kk dk¡Vksa ls gh xqtjrk gS

;g izd`fr dk fu;e gSA lq[k izkIr djus ds fy, vkidks iki ds dk¡Vksa Hkjs jkLrksa ls gh xqtjuk

iM+rk gSA vki tks Hkh iki djrs gSa larksa ds vuqlkj vkdk'k esa cSBh gqbZ vn`'; 'kfDr mls ns[k

jgh gksrh gSA ,d ikSjkf.kd dFkk gS fd okY;k dksyh gj jkst laifRr ds yksHk esa ekuoksa dh gR;k

djds yqVekj dj jgk Fkk fdarq mlds iki esa mlds lxs&laca/kh dksbZ Hkkxh ugha cuk vkSj var esa

mls ukjn ds ik¡oksa esa yhu gksuk iMkA iki] vukpkj] vR;kpkj ls cpus dh rFkk laosnukghu u

gksdj thus dh lh[k bu 'kCnksa esa O;Dr gqbZ gS &

Þlk/kq&lar lkaxwu xsys] R;kpk cks/k ?ksbZ

Lkko/kku gksbZ osMîk] lko/kku gksbZ-

Lkksus vkf.k :isa vEgka e`fRrdsleku

rqdkjke cksys R;kph euha Bso tk.k

lq[kkph gh ik;okV] dkVîkarwu tkbZ ---

vkHkkGkpk MksGk lkjs [ksG rq>s ikgh –

1- xqytkj & NSa;k&NSa;k] i`- 44

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jkst ekuokph gR;k] jkst okVekjh

ikike/kh >kya ukgha] dq.kh okVsdjh

okY;k dksGh ukjnkP;k yhu >kyk ik;h-ß

izLrqr xhr esa laosnu'khyrk dks u [kksus dh ek¡x mtkxj gqbZ gS D;ksafd laosnughurk ds ewy eas gh

iki gS vkSj ikfi;ksa ds ikiksa dh ltk fuf'pr gSA bl fy, euq"; dks le; ij gh lpsr djus dk

dke txnh'k [kscwMdj us lk/kq&larksa ds opuksa dk vk/kkj ysdj vius xhrksa ds ek/;e ls fd;k

gSA muds dbZ xhrkas esa laosnukRed nk'kZfud xhrksa ds n'kZu gksrs gSaA

7777----4 xqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj fyf[kr nk'kZfud xhr % rqyukRed foe'kZ 4 xqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj fyf[kr nk'kZfud xhr % rqyukRed foe'kZ 4 xqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj fyf[kr nk'kZfud xhr % rqyukRed foe'kZ 4 xqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj fyf[kr nk'kZfud xhr % rqyukRed foe'kZ −

xqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj ds xhrksa eas nk'kZfud xhrksa dk i;kZIr ek=kk esa vadu gqvk

gSA muds nk'kZfud xhrksa eas thou ehekalk fo"k;d nk'kZfud xhr] LokuqHkwfrewyd nk'kZfud xhr]

uSfrdrk fo"k;d n`f"Vdks.k] HkkX;okn rFkk laosnukRed nk'kZfud xhr vkfn fofo/k :i mtkxj

gq, gSaA fdlh ckgî izsj.kk ;k O;kolkf;d ek¡x dh iwfrZ gsrq ugha cfYd lkekftd vkSj uSfrd

nqjkoLFkk us gh bu nksuksa xhrdkjksa dks bl rjg ds xhrksa ds ys[ku ds fy, izsfjr fd;k gSA ekuo

thou esa uSfrd ewY;ksa vkSj fln~/kkarksa dk ikyu rFkk lkekftd leUo;kRedrk LFkkfir djus ds

egRRoiw.kZ mn~ns'; ls gh nksuksa xhrdkjksa us bl rjg ds xhrksa dh jpuk dh gS ftlls mudh

lkekftd rFkk ekuoh; izfrcn~/krk fn[kkbZ nsrh gSA

7777----5 xqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj fyf[kr nk'kZfud xhr % rqyukRed fu"d"kZ 5 xqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj fyf[kr nk'kZfud xhr % rqyukRed fu"d"kZ 5 xqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj fyf[kr nk'kZfud xhr % rqyukRed fu"d"kZ 5 xqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj fyf[kr nk'kZfud xhr % rqyukRed fu"d"kZ −

7777----5555----1 lkE; 1 lkE; 1 lkE; 1 lkE; −

1- xqytkj vkSj txnh'k [kscwMdj ds nk'kZfud xhrksa esa ckSfn~/kdrk rFkk oSpkfjdrk dk

l'kDr vadu gqvk gSA

2- nksuksa xhrdkjksa us fpjaru lR; dh [kkst djus dk iz;kl vius nk'kZfud xhrksa esa

fd;k gqvk n`f"Vxkspj gksrk gSA

3- nksuksa xhrdkjksa ds nk'kZfud xhr ekuoh; ewY;ksa dh j{kk rFkk lkekftd ,sD; dh

n`f"V ls lgk;d gSA

4- thou n'kZu esa le; dk egRRo eq[; :i ls nksuksa xhrdkjksa us fo'kn fd;k gSA

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5- nksuksa xhrdkjksa ds nk'kZfud xhr euq"; dks thou thus ds fy, lgh fn'kk funsZ'k

djusokys gSa lkFk gh vuSfrd O;ogkj ds izfr ;s xhr euq"; dks lpsr djrs gSaA

6- nksuksa xhrdkjksa ds nk'kZfud xhrksa esa thou ds izfr ldkjkRed n`f"Vdks.k O;Dr

gqvk gSA

7- lkekftd rFkk O;kid Lrj ij laiw.kZ ekuo dY;k.k gsrq izfrcn~/krk nksuksa xhrdkjksa

ds xhrksa esa fo'ks"k :i ls fn[kkbZ nsrh gSA

8- nksuksa xhrdkjksa ds nk'kZfud xhr mPpdksfV ds fln~/k gq, gSa ftUgsa vusd iqjLdkjksa

ls uoktk x;k gSA

7777----5555----2 oS"kE; 2 oS"kE; 2 oS"kE; 2 oS"kE; −

1- xqytkj ds T;knkrj nk'kZfud xhrksa esa thou thus dh lgh fn'kk dh vksj b'kkjk fd;k

gS rks txnh'k [kscwMdj ds T;knkrj nk'kZfud xhr lq[k&nq%[k ] vk'kk&fujk'kk esa f?kjs

yksxksa dks /khjt c¡/kkrs gSaA

2- txnh'k [kscwMdj ds nk'kZfud xhrksa esa ihfM+r lekt dsanz esa gS rks xqytkj ds

nk'kZfud xhr lekt ds lHkh yksxksa dh leL;kvksa dks mtkxj djrs gSaA