1

Xt±-i-kz-bw- -cW ÿm]-\-Øns‚ hnI-k\ ]≤Xn cq]o-IcWw

(Kma/tªm°v/Pn√m ]©m-b-Øv)

(Local Self Government Institution’s Development Plan Formulation)(Grama/Block/District Panchayat)

ZznZn\ ]cn-io-e\w

tImgvkv Ub-d-IvS¿ : tUm.-sP.-_n.-cm-P≥

tImgvkv tIm¿Un-t\-‰¿ : ]Xm]v knwKv.-F.-Fkv

tIcf C≥Ãn-‰yq v Hm v tem°¬ AUvan-\n-kvtS-j≥apf-¶p-∂-Øp-Im-hv, Xriq¿

\hw-_À 2015

2

dntkmgvkv Sow

tImgvkv Ub-d-IvSÀ : tUm. sP.-_n. cmP³, Akn-Ìâ v s]m^-kÀ, Ine.tImgvkv tImþ-HmÀUn-t\-äÀ : io. ]Xm-]v knwKv. F.-F-kv., sSbn-\nwKv AtÊm-kn-tb-äv, Ine.amÌÀ sSbn-\ÀamÀ : tUm. ]n. Al-aZv, ap³U-b-d-IvSÀ, skâÀ t^mÀC þ teWnw-Kv.

io. sI. tKm]m-e-Ir-jvW³, FIv̳j³^m¡Âän, Ine.io. kptcjv _m_p, UnkvSnIvSv ¹m\nwKv Hm^o-kÀ (dn-«).io. a[p-kq-Z\ Ipdn-¸v, ]©m-b¯v U]yq-«n- U-b-d-IvSÀ (dn-«).AUz.kmPn-d, FIv̳j³ ^m¡Âän, Ine.io. kn. cm[m-Ir-jvW³, tPmbnâ v Ub-d-IvSÀ (dn-«).io. Sn. cm[m-Ir-jvW³, FIv̳j³ ^m¡Âän,Ine.io.AÂtPm. kn.- sN-dn-bm³, hn.-C.-H, sImS-IcKma-]-©m-b- v.

skâÀ tImþ-HmÀUn-t\-äÀ : PnÃm ]cn-io-e\ tIµ-§-fn \ntbm-Kn-¨n-«p-Å-hÀ

3

Xt±-i-kz-bw- -cW Øm]-\- nsâ hnI-k\ ]²Xn cq]o-IcWw

(Local Self Government Institution’s Development PlanFormulation)

1. ]Ým-¯ew

Hcp ]tZ-is¯ ]iv\-§Ä Ahn-Sps¯ P\-§ÄXs¶ Is-¯n Ah ]cn-l-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ amÀ£-§Ä \S- n hcp- p-I F¶-XmWv ]mtZ-inI Bkq-X-W-¯nsâ ImXÂ.C¯cw ]cn-lmc amÀ£-§Ä A[n-Imc hntI-µo-I-c-W-¯n-eqsS Imcy-£-a-ambn \S-¸n-em-¡p-¶-Xn\v tIc-f-¯n \ne-hn-epÅ coXn-bmWv ]²Xn Bkq-X-Whpw \nÀÆ-l-W-hpw. Cu ]²Xn Bkq-X-W-¯nepw\nÀÆ-l-W-¯nepw sNdnb ]mfn-¨-IÄ D-m-bm AXv Kma/t»m¡v/PnÃm]©m-b- nsâ BsI ]hÀ -\-§sf _m[n-¡p-Ibpw P\-§Ä¡v Ah-cpsS]iv\-§Ä¡v ]cn-lmcw e`n-¡m-sX-bp-am-Ipw. Kma-]-©m-b-¯n-sebpw LSIØm]-\-§-fn-sebpw DtZym-K-Øcpw P\-]-Xn-\n-[n-Ifpw Htc a\-tÊmsS Imcy-£-a-ambn ]hÀ¯n-¨m amXsa C¯cw ]iv\-§Ä Hgn-hm¡n ]²Xn]hÀ -\-§Ä Imcy-£-a-am-¡m³ km[n-¡q.Xt±-i-kz-bw- -cW Øm]-\-§-fpsSBkq-XW kan-Xn-I-fmb hÀ¡nwKv Kq¸p-I-fpsS A²y-£/³, AwK-§Ä F¶o]Z-hn-IÄ hln-t¡--n-h-cp¶ P\-]-Xn-\n-[n-IÄ¡v ]¦m-fn¯ Bkq-XWw Imcy-£-a-am-¡p-¶-Xn \nÀ®m-bI ]¦p--v. Cu kml-N-cyw- IW-¡n-se-Sp-¯mWvXt±-i-kz-bw-`-cW Øm]-\-§fnse ]²Xn Bkq-X-W-¯n\pw \nÀÆ-l-W-¯n\pw Np¡m³ ]nSn-¡p¶ P\-]-Xn-\n-[n-IÄ¡v ]¦m-fn¯ Bkq-X-W- nsâcoXn-im-kvXhpw \S-]-Sn-Ifpw kw_-Ôn v Imcy-tijn Dd- p-h-cp- p-¶-Xn-\mWvIne ZznZn\ ]cn-io-e\w hn`m-h\ sN¿p-¶-Xv.

2. ]cn-io-e\ e£yw

]cn-io-e-\-¯nsâ A-h-km\w ]cn-io-e\ ]¦m-fn-I-fnÂ]²Xn Bkq-X-Whpw\nÀÆ-l-Whpw Imcy-£-a-ambn \S-¯p-¶-Xn-\pÅ Adnhpw Ignhpw hfÀ¯n-sb-Sp-¡pI.

3. ]cn-io-e\ hnj-b-§Ä

3.1 A[n-Im-c-hn-tI-µo-I-cWw tIc-f-¯nÂ

3.2 ]¦m-fn¯ Bkq-XW ]Inb

3.3 hÀ¡nwKv Kq¸v

3.4 Ìmäkv dnt¸mÀ«v X¿m-dm-¡Â

4

3.5 hnI-k\ tcJ X¿m-dm-¡Â

3.6 Bkq-XW Kma-k-`-/hmÀUvk`

3.7 AbÂ-k`-/hmÀUv hnI-k\ kanXn/tkhm-Kmw-þ-Km-a-tIµw/hmÀUv tIµw

3.8 ]²Xn tcJ X¿m-dm-¡Â

3.9 KpW-t0m`-àm-¡sf Is- -¯Â

3.10 ]²Xn \nÀÆ-lW coXn-IÄ

3.11 ]²-Xn-I-fpsS tamWn-ä-dnwKpw \nÀÆ-lW Ie--dpw

3.12 P\-]-Xn-\n[n DtZym-KØ _Ôw

4. ]cn-io-e\ ]¦m-fn-IÄ

Xt±-i-kz-bw- -cW Øm]-\-§-fnse (Km-a, t»m¡v, PnÃ,) P\-]-Xn-\n-[n-I-fmWv]cn-io-e\ ]¦m-fn-IÄ.

Kma-]-©mb¯v þ 15962

t»m¡v -]-©mb¯v þ 2076

PnÃm-]-©mb¯v þ 331

————

BsI þ 18369

======

5. ]cn-io-e\ ssZÀLyw

c - v Z nhkw (14 aWn-¡qÀ)

6. ]cn-io-e\ tIµ§fpw kwLm-S-\hpw

Inebpw PnÃm tIµ-§fpw

7. ]cn-io-e\ coXn-imkvXw

]¦m-fn¯ ]cn-io-e\ coXn-IÄ¡v ]m[m\yw \ÂIn-bpÅ ]cn-io-e-\-amWv hn`m-h\w sNbvXn-cn-¡p-¶Xv. c-v Znhkw ]cn-io-e\ tIµ-§-fn Xma-kn-¨pÅ]cn-io-e-\-¯n Hcp Xt±-i-kz-bw-`-cW Øm]\¯n \n¶p-apÅ P\-]-Xn-\n-[n-IÄ Hcp-an-¨m-bn-cn-¡Ww ]s¦-Sp-t¡---Xv. kwL ]hÀ¯-\-§Ä¡pw ]¦m-fn¯ ]cn-io-e\ coXnIÄ¡pw Du¶Â \ÂIn sIm-v ]mc-kv]cy ]`m-j-Ww, tIkv ÌUn, hnh-cWm-ßI ]ivt\m-¯-cn, Kq¸v NÀ¨, coXn-]I-S\w,

5

]hr-¯n-IÄ F¶o ]cn-io-e\ coXn-IÄDÄs¸-Sp-¯n-bmWv ]cn-io-e\w X¿m-dm-¡n-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv.

8. ^m¡Â«n Sow (]-cn-io-e-IÀ)

]²Xn Bkp-X-Whpw \nÀÆ-l-Whpw F¶ hnj-b-¯n Adnhpw ]cn-N-b-hpw DÅIne-bpsS Nph-sS-¸-d-bp¶ ]cn-io-eI ]cn-io-e\w (ToT) ]qÀ¯o-I-cn¨FIv̳j³ ^m¡Â«n AwK-§Ä :

(i) Adnhnsâ \ne-hmcw \nÀ®-bn-¡p¶ ]cn-io-eI ]cn-io-e\w (ToT onKnowledge Gain)

(ii) Ah-X-cW anIhv \nÀ®-bn-¡p¶ ]cn-io-eI ]cn-io-e\w (ToT on PresentationSkill)

9. ]cn-io-e\w hne-bn-cp-¯Â

]cn-io-e-\- n-ep-S-\o-fhpw ]cn-io-e-\m-h-km-\hpw ]cn-io-e\ ]¦m-fn-I—fn \n¶vhm¡m-se-bpw, \nco-£-W-¯n-eq-sSbpw tNmZym-hen D]-tbm-Kn¨pw hnh-c-§ÄtiJ-cn-¡pw. IqSmsX IÀ½-]-cn-]m-Sn-bpsS `mK-ambn X¿m-dm-¡p¶ \nÀÆ-lWIe--À hne-bn-cp-¯pIbpw ^oÂUv Xe-¯n ]cn-tim-[\ \S-¯p-IbpwsN¿pw.

6

tIcf C³Ìn-äyq«v Hm v tem¡Â AUvan-\n-kvtS-j³apf-¦p-¶-¯p-Im-hv, XriqÀ þ 680 581

Xt±-i-kz-bw- -cW Øm]-\- nsâ hnI-k\ ]²Xn cq]o-IcWw

(ZznZn\ ]cn-io-e\w)

thZn : Ine/PnÃm tIµ-§ÄXo¿Xn :2015Unkw-_À10-24

kabw: H¶mw Znhkw cmhnse 09.30 aWn apXÂc-mw Znhkw sshIp-t¶cw 04.30 aWn hsc

tImgvkv Ub-d-IvSÀ : tUm. sP._n cmP³ (A-kn-Ìâ v s]m^-kÀ, Ine)apJytImþ-HmÀUn-t\-äÀ : io. ]Xm-]v knwKv. F.-F-kv., sSbn-\nwKv AtÊm-kn-tb-äv, IneskâÀtImþ-HmÀUn-t\-äÀ : …………………..……………… (F-Iv̳j³^m¡Â«n AwKw, Ine)

H¶mw Znhkw

09.30 – 09.45 a.m cPn-kvtS-j³

09.45 - 10.15 a.m DZvLm-S\ skj³, Imcy-]-cn-]mSn hni-Zo-I-cWw

10.15 - 10.30 a.m skj³ 1 ]cn-N-b-s -SÂ

10.30 – 10.45 a.m Nmb

10.45 – 11.00 a.m skj³ 2 ]o þ sSÌv

11.00 – 11.30 a.m skj³ 3 A[n-Im-c-hn-tI-µo-I-cWw tIc-f-¯nÂ

11.30 – 12.15 p.m skj³ 4 ]¦m-fn¯ Bkq-XW ]Inb

12.15 – 01.15 p.m skj³ 5 hÀ¡nwKv Kq¸v

01.15 – 02.15 p.m D¨ -£Ww

02.15 – 03.15 p.m skj³ 6 Ìmäkv dnt¸mÀ«v X¿m-dm-¡Â

03.15 – 04.30 p.m skj³ 7 hnI-k\ tcJ X¿m-dm-¡Â

04.30 – 04.45 p.m Nmb

04.45 – 06.00 p.m skj³ 8 Bkq-XW Kma-k-`-/hmÀUvk`

7

06.00 – 06.45 p.m skj³ 9 AbÂ-k-`-/hmÀUv hnI-k\ kanXn

c - m w Z nhkw09.00 – 09.15 a.m. dnt¸mÀ«nwKv

09.15 – 09.30 a.m Xte-Zn-h-ks¯ ][m\ ]T-\m-\p- -h-§Ä (tIm-þ-HmÀUn-t\-äÀ)

09.30 – 11.00 a.m skj³ 10 ]²Xn tcJ X¿m-dm-¡Â

11.00 – 11.15 p.m Nmb

11.15 – 12.15 p.m skj³ 11 KpW-t`m-àm-¡sf Is- -¯Â

12.15 – 01.15 p.m skj³ 12 ]²Xn \nÀÆ-lW coXn-IÄ

01.15 – 02.00 p.m D¨`£Ww

02.00 – 02.45 p.m skj³ 13 ]²-Xn-I-fpsS tamWn-ä-dnwKpw \nÀÆ-lW Ie-- d p w

02.45 – 03.30 p.m skj³ 14 P\-]-Xn-\n[n DtZym-KØ _Ôw

03.30 – 04.00 p.m skj³ 15 t]mÌv sSÌv, ]cn-io-e\ hne-bn-cp-¯Â

04.00 - 04.30 p.m kam-]\w

8

9

skj≥ ˛ 11. hnjbw : ]cn-N-b-s∏-S¬

2. e£y߃ 1. ]cn-io-e\ ]¶m-fnIƒ°v Cu skjs‚ Ah-km\w

i. ]c-kv]cw t]cv ]d-bp-hm≥ IgnbpI

ii. Nne ]cn-io-e\ ]¶m-fn-I-fp-sS-sb-¶n-epw -]-h¿Øn ]›m-Øew

a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bpI

3. kabw : 30 an\n‰v

4. thZn : -s]mXp thZn

5. D≈-S°hpw ]T-\-co-Xnbpw

IaD≈S°w

kabw]T\coXn D]m[nIƒ

\º¿ (an\n‰v)

1. ss…Uv 1]cn-N-b-s∏-S¬ 30 kw`m-jWw (Ip-dn∏v

1)

Ipdn∏v 1: (i) ]©m-b-Ø-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ ]cn-N-b-s∏Smw

(ii) ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ t]cv, hln-°p∂ ÿm\w, FXm-asØ XhW saº-dm-

Ip-∂p, ]h¿Øn ]›m-Øew F∂o hnh-c-߃ ]¶pshbv°m≥ ]d-bpI.

(iii) Hcmƒ°v ]c-am-h[n kabw 30 sk°‚ v.

10

kzmKXw

skj≥ ˛ 1

\ap°v ]cn-N-b-s∏Smw?

\µn

• t]cv

• ÿm\w

• FXm-asØ XhW sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏Sp∂p

• ]h¿Øn ]›m-Øew

11

skj≥ ˛ 2

1. hnjbw : ]o sSÃv

2. e£y߃ : ]cn-io-e-\-Øn\v apºv ]cn-io-e-\m¿∞n-bpsS Adnhv Af-°p∂p

3. kabw : 15 an\n‰v

4. thZn : -s]mXp thZn

5. D≈-S°hpw ]T-\-co-Xnbpw

IaD≈S°w

kabw]T\coXn D]m[nIƒ

\º¿ (an\n‰v)

1. tNmZy-t]-∏¿

(t^mdw 1)

Bap-Jhpw tNmZy-t]-∏¿ hnX-c-Whpw 5 Ah-X-cWw

Ipdn¸v1: (i) A®-Sn® tNmZy-t]-∏¿ ]cn-ioe\ ]¶m-fn-Iƒ°v hnX-cWw sNbvXv ka-b-_-

‘n-X-ambn ]qcn-∏n®v hmßp-I.

(ii) icm-icn Adn-hns‚ \ne-hmcw \n¿Æ-bn®v t]mÃv sSkv‰ns‚ dnkƒ´v Xmc-

Xayw sNøm≥ Xøm-dm°n hbv°p-I.

]o sSÃv, t]mÃv sSÃv tNmZy-t]-∏¿ sh°-Ww.

2. tNmZy-t]-∏¿

(t^mdw 1)

]o sSÃv 10 ]¶m-fn-Iƒ ]qcn-∏n-

°p∂p

12

tIcf C³Ìn-äyq«v Hm^v tem¡Â AUvan-\n-kvtS-j³apf-¦p-¶-¯p-Im-hv, XriqÀ þ 680 581

Xt±-i-kz-bw-`-cW Øm]-\-¯nsâ hnI-k\ ]²Xncq]o-IcWw þ ZznZn\ ]cn-io-e\w

t^mdw 1 : ]o sSÌvkabw: 15an\näv

(tNmZy-mhen)

1 Bkq-XW ]In-b-bnse taJem hn`-P-\-߃ GsX√mw?

D D¬]m-Z\w, tkh\w, ]›m-Øew

2 ]¥≠mw ]©-h-’c ]≤Xn Ime-b-fhv GXv?

D 2012 ˛ 2017

3 Kma-k-`-bnse AwK-߃ Bsc√mw?

D thm´¿ ]´n-I-bn¬ t]cp-≈-h¿

4 ]men-tb-‰ohv sIb¿ t]mP-IvSn\v Fkv.-kn.Fkv.]n/Sn.-Fkv.]n ≠p-Iƒ hIbn-

cp-Ømtam?

D ]mSn√

5 Kma ]©m-b-Øp-Iƒ°v ]›m-Øe taJ-e-bv°mbn FX iX-am\w XpI ]c-

am-h[n \o°n-hbv°mw?

D 45%

6 tImf-\n-bn-te-°p≈ \S-∏mX \n¿Ωm-W-Øn\v ]´n-I-h¿§ ]≤Xn hnlnXw hI-

bn-cp-Ømtam?

D hI-bn-cpØmw

7 Fkv.-kn.-F-kv.]n(TSP) t]mP-IvSp-I-fpsS \n¿∆-lW \nco-£W IΩ-‰n-bnse

AwK-߃ Bsc√mw?

D Xt±-i-`cW ÿm]-\-Ønse Fkv. kn/ Fkv.Sn AwK-߃

8 πm≥ tIm¿Un-t\-‰sd \n›-bn-°p-∂-Xmcv?

D ]©m-bØv

9 h¿°nwKv Kq∏ns‚ ]c-am-h[n AwK kwJy FX?

D 17

13

10 Ãm‰kv dnt∏m¿´v Xøm-dm-t°-≠Xv Bcv?

D h¿°nwKv Kq∏v I¨ho-\¿

11 hnI-k-\-tcJ Xøm-dm-t°-≠Xv Bcv? Ft∏mƒ?

D D]kan-Xn, ]©-h-’c ]≤Xn Bcw` h¿jw

12 ]©m-b-Øp-I-fnse \n¿ΩmW ]h¿Øn-I-fpsS FÃnta‰v Xøm-dm-°p∂ tkm v‰v

shb¿ GXv?

D kpKa

13 t]mPIvSv tamWn-‰-dnwKv \n¿∆-ln-t°-≠Xv Bcv?

D h¿°nwKv Kq∏p-Iƒ

14 Pn√m Bkq-XW kan-Xn-bpsS saº¿ skI-´dn Bcv?

D Pn√m If-IvS¿

15 Fkv.-kn.Fkv.]n/Sn.F-kv.]n ^≠n¬ \n∂pw bphP\ hnI-k\ ]cn-]m-Sn-

Iƒ°mbn hI-bn-cp-tØ≠ XpI FX- i-X-am\w?

D 10 %

16 ]´n-I-PmXn/ ]´n-I-h¿§ hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ°v F≥S≥kv tIm®nwKn\v [\-k-lmbw

\¬Imtam?

D \¬Imw

17 s]mXp-hn-`mKw hnI-k\ ^≠v taJem hn`-P\w \S-tØ-≠Xv samØw XpI-

bpsS ASn-ÿ-m-\-Øn-emtWm?

D A√, h\nXm ]≤-Xnbv°v 10 % Dw hr≤¿/hnI-emwK ]≤-Xnbv°v 5% Dw Ign-

®p≈ XpI

18 A\n-hmcy kµ¿`-ß-fn¬ ]kn-U‚n\v GsXmcp h¿°nwKv Kq∏n-s‚bpw

sNb¿am≥ ÿm\w hln-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. (i-cntbm/sXt‰m)?

D icn

19 kv]n¬ Hmh¿ t]mP-IvSp-Iƒ \n¿∆-lWw XpS-cp-∂-Xn\v Un.-]n.kn bpsS ap≥Iq¿

A\p-aXn tXtS-≠-Xpt≠m?

D C√. `cW kanXn Xocp-am\w aXn

20 ]≤-Xnbv°v A¥na cq]w \¬Ip-∂-Xn¬ Ãnb-dnwKv IΩ-‰n°v ]¶pt≠m?

D D≠v

14

skj≥ ˛ 31. hnjbw : A[n-Im-c-hn-tI-µo-I-cWw tIc-f-Øn¬

2. e£yw 1. ]cn-io-e\ ]¶m-fnIƒ Cu skjs‚ Ah-km\w

i A[n-Imc hntI-µo-Ic-W-Øns‚bpw P\-Io-bm-kq-X-W-Øn-

s‚bpw ]m[m\yw, ]tXy-IX F∂nh hni-Zo-I-cn-°pI

ii A[n-Imc hntI-µo-Ic-W-Øns‚ HºXv F Iƒ hni-ZoIcn-°p-

I.

3. kabw : 30 an\n‰v

4. thZn : -s]mXp thZn

5. D≈-S°hpw/]T\coXnbpw :

IaD≈S°w

kabw]T\coXn D]m[nIƒ

\º¿ (an\n‰v)

1. ss…Uv 1, 2, 3A[n-Im-c-hn-tI-µo-I-cWw 5 s_bn≥ tÃmanwKv

(Ip-dn∏v ˛ 1)

Ipdn∏v 1: ss…Uv 2¬ sImSpØ hmNIw ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°m≥ km[n-°ptam F∂v

]cn-io-e\ ]¶m-fn-I-tfmSv tNmZn-°p-I. ]q¿Æ hmNIw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-

bn-´p≈ ss…Uv3 ImWn-°p-I. AXns‚ A¿∞w N¿® sNøp-I.

Ipdn∏v 2: tIµo-Ir-X `c-WtØ-°mƒ hntI-µo-Ir-X `c-W-Øn-s‚ ]tXy-I-X-

Iƒ hnh-cn-°p∂tXmsSm∏w AXn¬ tIc-f-Øns‚ ]m[m-\yhpw hni-

Zo-I-cn-°pI (ss…Uv 4).-tI-c-f-Øns‚ A[n-Im-c-hn-tI-µo-I-c-W-Øns‚3F-Iƒ°v D]-cn-bmbn Imcy-߃ \n¿∆-ln-®n-´p≠v F∂v kqNn-∏n-°p-I.

AXn¬ \n∂pw 9F Iƒ F∂ ss…Untebv°v IS-°p-I.

Ipdn v 3: 9F’s F∂ enÃv Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-I.A[n-Im-c-hn-tI-µo-I-c-W-Øn\v tZiob

Xe-Øn¬ 3F’s BWv hni-I-e\ hnt[-b-am-Ip-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ tIc-f-

Øn¬ 6F’sA[n-I-ambn \¬In-bn-´p≈ hnhcw Du∂n-∏-d-bp-I(ss…Up-

Iƒ 5,6).

Ipdn v 4: ]mtZinI ]iv\-߃ Is≠-Øm\pw, ]mtZ-inI hn -h-߃ cq]o-Icn-

°m\pw, ]mtZ-inI ]cn-lmc am¿§-߃ Bcm-bm≥ D≠mb kwhn-[m-

\-amWv -]m-tZ-in-I-k¿°m¿.-P-\-ß-fpsS DS-a-ÿ-Xm-t_m-[hpw-D-d-∏p-h-

cp-Øp-∂p.

2. ss…Uv 4A[n-ImchntI-µo-Ic-Ww ˛ tIc-f-Øn¬ 5 ]¶m -fnØ Ah-X -

cWw (Ip-dn∏v ˛ 2)

3. ss…Uv 5,6A[n-Im-c-hn-tI-µo-I-cWw - 9F’s 5 ]¶m -fnØ Ah-X -

cWw (Ip-dn∏v ˛ 3)

4. ss…Uv 7]mtZ-in-I `cWw˛ ]tXy-I-X-Iƒ 5 ]¶m -fnØ Ah-X -

cWw (Ip-dn∏v ˛ 4)

15

skj≥ 3

A[n-Im-c- hn-tI-µo-I-cWw

tIc-f-Øn¬

tIµØnen-cn -°p∂ 20 t]¿

amXw hnNm-cn-®m¬ .

tIµØnen-cn-°p∂ 20 t]¿

amXw hnNm-cn-®m¬ bYm¿∞ P\m-

[n-]Xyw ]h¿Ø-n∏n°m-≥ Ign-

bn√. AXv Hmtcm Kma-Øn-sebpw

P\-߃ ASn-Ø- n¬ \n∂v apI-fn-

te-°v ]h¿Ø-n-∏-n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv .

A[n-Im-c-hn-tI-µo-I-cWw tIc-

f-Øn¬

Npa-X-e-Iƒ

ÿm]-\-ßfpw DtZym-K-ÿcpw

^≠v

[\-hn-tI-µo-I-cWw kwÿm\ _P-‰ns‚

`mK-am-°n.

A[n-Im-c-hn-tI-µo-I-cWw ˛ tIc-f-Øn¬

P\-Io-bm-kq-X-W-ØneqsS

A[n-Im-c-hn-tI-µo-I-cWw 9F’s• Functions (Npa-X-e-Iƒ)

• Functionaries (ÿm]-\-ßfpw Poh-\-

°mcpw)

• Fund ([\w )

4. Framework (N´-°qSv )

5. Freedom (kzmX-¥yw)

6. Facilitation (]cn-t]m-jWw)

7. Fraternity (kulrZw)

8. Functioning (effective) - (]h¿Ø-\w

˛ Imcy£aX )

9. Futuristic (`mhn ap∂n¬ I≠v)

16

skj≥ ˛ 41. hnjbw : ]¶m-fnØ Bkq-XW ]Inb

2. e£yw 1. ]cn-io-e\ ]¶m-fnIƒ Cu skjs‚ Ah-km\w

i ]mtZ-inI ]²Xn Bkq-XW ]InbbpsS ]m[m\yw hni-

Zo-I-cn-¡m³Ign-bpI

ii ]mtZ-in-Im-kq-X-W- nse hnhn[ L«-§Ä ]«n-I-s -Sp- m³

Ign-bpI

3. kabw : 45 an\n‰v

4. thZn : -s]mXp thZn, Kq∏v N¿®-bv°p≈ thZn-Iƒ

5. D≈-S°hpw/]cn-io-e\coXnbpw

IaD≈S°w

kabw]T\coXn D]m[nIƒ

\º¿ (an\n‰v)

1. s s … U v

1,2,3,4tIkv 1

BapJw, Bkq-XW ]In-b-˛-]m-[m-\yw 20 tIkv ÃUn(Ip-dn-∏v 1)

Ipdn¸v 1 : (i) BZy 5 an\n-«n ssÉUv 3 ]ZÀin-¸n¨v ]¦m-fn-Isf Bdv Kq¸m¡nXncn-¡p-I.

(ii) Kq¸n \n¶pw Hcmsf hoXw dnt¸mÀ«v sN¿m³ sXc-sª-Sp-¡m³Bh-iy-s -Sp-I.

(iii) Hmtcm Kq¸n\pw tIknsâ Hcp ]IÀ¸v \ÂIn AXv hmbn¨v NÀ¨sN¿m³ Bh-iy-s¸-Sp-I. tIkv hmbn¨v Kq¸n NÀ¨ sN¿m-\pÅBsI kabw 15 an\n-äm-sW¶v ]¦m-fn-Isf HmÀ½-s¸-Sp-¯p-I.(ssÉUv3).

Ipdn¸v 2 : NÀ¨ XoÀ¶-bp-Ss\ GsX-¦nepw Hcp Kq¸n-t\mSv tIknsâ \nK-a\wAh-X-cn- n-¡m³ Bh-iy-s -Sp-I. aäv Kq¸p-IÄ¡v Iq«n-t¨À¡-en\v Ah-kcw \ÂIn-bm aXn. BsI kabw 10 an\n-äv. (ssÉUv4). s_©-an³ ^m¦vfnsâ D²-cWn kqNn- n v Imcy-£-a-amb Bkq-XWw Bh-iy-am-sW¶v ]dªv Ah-km-\n-¸n-¡p-I. (ssÉUv 5 Dw 6 Dw).

Ipdn¸v 3 : (i) Bkq-X-W-¯nsâ hnhn[ L«-§Ä ssÉUv 7 h¨v hni-Zo-I-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ CXn Hmtcm L«-¯n-\p-apÅ ]k-àn¡v Du¶Â \ÂIp-I.

2. ss…Uv 5,6Bkq-XWw ]cm-P-b-s∏-´m¬ ! 10 tIkv ÃUnhni-I-

e\w (Ipdn-∏v 2)

3. ss…Uv 7,8Bkq-XWØns‚ hnhn[ L´-߃ 15 Ah-X-cWw(Ip-dn∏v 3)

17

Cu L«-§Ä XpSÀ¶v hcp¶ skj-\p-I-fn hni-Z-ambn NÀ¨sN¿-s¸-Sp-¶-Xn\m lkz-ambn kqNn-¸n-¨m amXw aXn, hni-Zo-I-cWw th-. XpSÀ skj-\p-I-fn CXnse Hmtcm L«-§fpw]tXyIw hni-Zo-I-cn¡pw F¶v kqNn-¸n-¡p-I.

(ii) Bkq-XW NI¯nsâ ASnkvYm\-¯n Bkq-X-W-¯nsâ]m[m\yw ssÉUv 8 sâ klm-b-t¯msS hni-Zo-I-cn¨psIm-v skj³Ah-km-\n- n-¡p-I.

tIkv1:

`n∂-ti-jn-bp≈-h¿°m-bp≈ ]≤Xnbn¬ ˛ `n∂m-`n-]mbw

12˛mw ]≤Xn am¿§-tc-J-b-\p-k-cn®v n∂tijn-bp-≈-h¿°v t]mPIvSv hbv°-W-sa-

∂Xv \n¿t±in-®n-cp-∂-Xn≥ ]Imcw aXn-b-∂q¿ Kma-]-©m-b-Øn\v A©v e£w cq]°v

ap-N-I-hm-l\w hmßp-∂-Xn-\mbn t]mPIvSv Xøm-dm°n AwKo-Im-chpw hmßn. ]t£

At]-£-I-¿ C√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬ B h¿jw ]≤Xn \S-∏nembn-√. kv]n¬ Hmh¿

t]mPIvSmbn ASp-Ø-h¿jw ho≠pw Bdv e£w cq]bv°v t]mPIvSv h®p AwKoImcw

t\Sn. ]kvXpX h¿jw 44 KpWt`m‡m-°-ƒ At]-£-n°pIbpw sNbvXp. F∂m¬

]©m-bØv saº¿am¿ Ah-cpsS hm¿Un¬ Hcmƒs°-¶nepw hml\w sImSp-°-Ww

F∂v hmin- ]nSn®-Xn-\m¬ N¿® Ae-kn. X≥ h¿jhpw t]mPIvSv \S-∏n-em-°p-hm≥

km[n-°msX t]mbn. ASpØ h¿jw 23 hm¿Up-I-fn¬ Hcmƒ°p-hoXw sImSp-°-

Ø° coXn-bn¬ 15 e£w cq]bv°p≈ t]mPIvSn\v AwKo-Imcw t\Sn. ]≤Xn \S-∏n-

em-°p-hm≥ KpW-t`m‡r ]´nI Xøm-dm-°m≥ IqSnb Ãm≥UnwKv IΩn‰n tbmKw

Xocp-am-\-sa-SpsØ-¶nepw hml-\-Øns‚ hnebnep-≠mb h¿≤-\hv aqew 20 hml\w

amXta hmßm≥ Ignbq. Bb-Xn-\m¬ 20 hm¿Up-Iƒ°v Cu h¿jhpw ASpØ

h¿jw a‰p hm¿Up-Iƒ°pw F∂v Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-Øp. ap≥K-W\ \¬tI≠ 20 hm¿Up-

Iƒ GsX∂v Xocp-am-\n-°p-∂-Xn¬ ]©mbØv ho≠pw ]cm-P-b-s∏-´p. t]mPIvSv \S-

∏n-em-°m-\p-am-bn-√.

F¥vsIm≠v Cßs\ kw`-hn®p? Cu Ahÿ Hgn-hm-°m≥ F¥v sNø-W-am-bn-

cp∂p?

18

skj≥ 4

]¶m-fnØ Bkq-XW ]Inb \ap°v aXn-b-∂q¿ ]©m-bØnte°v t]mImw

`n¶-ti-jn-bp-Å-hÀ¡mbpÅ ]²-Xn-bn `n¶m-`n-]mbw

N¿®-bn-eqsS F¥v Is≠Øn?

\nK-a\w Ah-X-cn-¸n¡mw ?

– Ah-X-cWw : 3 an\n«v– Iq«n-t¨À¡Â : 5 an\n«v– tImUo-I-cWw : 2 an\n«v

BsI 10 an\n«v

`n∂-ti-jn-bp-≈-h¿°p≈ ]≤-Xn-bn¬

`n∂m-`n-]mbw

• tIkv– Kq¸v Xncn-b : 5 an\n«v– hmb\ : 3 an\n«v– NÀ¨ : 4 an\n«v– \nK-a\w : 3 an\n«v

BsI 15 an\n«v

\Ωƒ Bkq-XWw sNøm≥

]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬

]cm-P-b-s∏-Sm≥ Bkq-XWw

sNøp-I-bmWv .

s_©-ao≥ ^mMv¢o≥

Imcy-£-ahpw ^e-]-Zhpw Bb]²Xn \nÀÆ-lW¯n\v F´v

sN¿Ww?

Bkq-XWw

19

7

-]²Xn

t]mPIvSpIÄ

hÀ¡nwKv Kq v

AhØm hni-I-e-\w, Ìmäkv dnt mÀ«v

tÌ¡vtlmÄUÀ NÀ¨

Kma-k`

hnI-k\ tcJ(I-c-Sv)

]²Xn tcJ(I-c-Sv)

hnI-k\skan-\mÀ

hnI-k-\-tcJ

]²Xn tcJ

]²Xn Bkq-XW ]Inb

I½yq-Wnän

¹m³

AbÂk

Nˬ

\µn

20

skj≥ ˛ 51. hnjbw : h¿°nwKv Kq∏v

2. e£yw 1. Cu skjs‚ Ah-km\w ]cn-io-e\ ]¶m-fn-Iƒ°v h¿°nwKv

Kq∏ns‚:-

i. ]m[m\yw hni-Zo-I-cn-°m≥ Ign-bpI

ii. LS-\, AwK-߃ Bcv F∂v hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpI

iii. Npa-X-e-Iƒ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpI

iv. ]h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ Sow h¿°ns‚ ]m[m\yw hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-hm≥

Ign-bpI

3. kabw : 60 an\n‰v

4. thZn : -s]mXp thZn

5. D≈-S°hpw/]cn-io-e\coXnbpw

IaD≈S°w

kabw]T\coXn D]m[nIƒ

\º¿ (an\n‰v)

1. ss…Uv 1,2,3F¥mWv h¿°nwKv Kq∏v? 5 ]¶m-fnØ Ah-X-

cWw(Ip-dn∏v 1)

Ipdn∏v 1 : πm\nwKv NI-Øn¬ h¿°nwKv Kq∏v LS-I-Øn-te°v i≤ £Wn-

°pI.(ss…Uv 1, 2, 3).B-kq-XW kan-Xn-Iƒ BsW-∂-Xn\v Du∂¬

\¬Ip-I.

2. ss…Uv 4, 5, 6,

7

h¿°nwKv Kq∏v F¥n\v? 15 ]cn-io-e\ sKbnw(Ip-

dn∏v 2)

3. ss…Uv 8h¿°nwKv Kq∏v ˛ LS\ 10 ]¶m -fnØ Ah-X -

cWw

4. ss…Uv 9, 10h¿°nwKv Kq∏pIƒ GsXms°? 5 ]¶m -fnØ Ah-X -

cWw

5. ss…Uv 1 1 ,

1 2 s s I ] p -

kvXIw/am¿§-

tcJ

h¿°nwKv Kq∏ns‚ Npa-X-e-Iƒ, DØ-c-hm-

Zn-Ø-߃10 \ n b - ¥ n X

hmb\(Ipdn∏v 3)

6. s s … U v

1 3t^m¿am‰ v ,

s N ° v

e nà vssI]p -

kvXIw/am¿§-

tcJ

\ap°v h¿°nwKv Kq∏v LS-\sb ]cnN-b-

∏Smw15 K q ∏ v

]h¿Ø\w(Ipdn∏v

4)

21

Ipdn∏v 2 h¿°nwKv Kq∏v F¥n\v? \ap°v t\m°mw.

Su∆¬ Kbnw kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-I.

S∆¬ sKbnw

• ap≥Iq´n I-cp-Xnb S∆¬ tÃPn\v ap∂n-embn Hcp Itk-c-bn¬ CSpI

• ]cn-io-e\ ]¶m-fn-I-tfmSv (Ip-d-™Xv 10 t]sc-¶n-epw) Hmtcm-cp-Ø-tcmSpw

B S∆¬ FSpØv GsX-¶nepw Hcp]tbmKw ImWn-°p-hm≥ ]d-bpI,

Hcmƒ ImWn® D]-tbmKw a‰mcpw Bh¿Øn-°-cpXv

(apJw XpS-bv°p-I, ssIXp-S-bv°p-I, Xe-bn¬ sI´p-I, tXmfn¬ CSp-

I, DSp-°p-I, F∂nßs\ hyXyÿ `mh-߃ cq]w sIm≈mw).

Hcp hkvXp-hn-s‚ D]-tbmKw kw_-‘n®v hyXyÿ `mh-߃ cq]w

sIm≠-Xp-t]mse Htc ]iv\sØ hnhn[ ho£W tImWn-eqsS ImWp-

Ibpw, AXn-eqsS ]iv\-Øns‚ kaK ho£Ww cq]w sIm≈p-∂-

Xn\pw D≈ ]In-b-bmWv hyXyÿ Bib ˛ \n¿t±-i-߃ ka-\z-bn-

∏n-°¬ coXn F∂v hy‡-am-°p-I. h¿°nwKv Kq∏v cq]o-I-c-W-Øn¬

s]mXp- -c-W-Øns‚ ssXam-\-ß-fmb P\-]-Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ, DtZym-K-ÿ¿,

]uc-k-aqlw F∂n-h¿°v ]m[m\yw \¬Ip-∂Xv CØcw ka-\z-bsØ

ASn-ÿm-\-am-°n-bm-sW∂v t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øp-I.

hyXyÿ tImWp-I-fn¬ \n∂pw, Zni-I-fn¬ \n∂pw, tkmX- p-I-fn¬

\n∂pw Dcp-Øn-cn-bp∂ Bi-b-ßfpw, ]iv\ ]cn-lmc \n¿t±-i-ßfpw

kzoI-cn®v apt∂m´v t]mIm≥ h¿°nwKv Kq∏v Xøm-dm-h-W-sa∂v kqNn-

∏n-°p-I.

Ipdn∏v 3 h¿°nwKv Kq∏ns‚ DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-߃ ssI∏pkvX-I-Øn¬ (t]Pv 13)

Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p-≠v. AXns‚ ]I¿∏v H‰t\m -Øn¬ hmbn-°m≥ \n¿t±-

in-°p-I.

Ipdn∏v 4(i) ]cn-io-e\ ]¶m-fn-Isf \mev Kq∏p-Iƒ B°p-I.

(ii) GsX-¶nepw \mev h¿°nwKv Kq∏p-I-fn-te-°p≈ 4 t\man-t\-j-\p-Iƒ

(Nne sX‰p-Iƒ D≈-h ˛ ^m°¬´n t\csØ Xøm-dm-°n-bXv) Hmtcm

Kq∏n-\pw, sN°v enÃv klnXw sImSp°pI.

(iii) sN°v enÃns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ h¿°nwKv Kq∏ns‚ LS-\bpw AwK-

Xzhpw km[q-I-cn-°m-hp-∂-XmtWmsb∂v ]cn-tim-[n-°p-hm≥ ]d-bp-I.

(iv) GsX-¶nepw Hcp Kq∏ns\ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-hm≥ £Wn-°p-I.

(v) Ah-cpsS \nK-a-\-ß-fnse icnbpw sX‰pw am¿§-tcJ/ssI∏p-kvXIw D≤-

cn-®p-sIm≠v hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-I.

(vi)h¿°nwKv Kq∏v cq]o-I-c-W-Øn¬ am¿£-tc-J-bnse \n_-‘-\-Iƒ i≤n-

°-W-sa∂v Hm¿Ωn∏n-®p-sIm≠v skj≥ Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p-I.

22

2

-]²Xn

t]mPIvSpIÄ

hÀ¡nwKv Kq v

AhØm hni-I-e-\w, Ìmäkv dnt mÀ«v

tÌ¡vtlmÄUÀ NÀ¨

Kma-k`

hnI-k\ tcJ

(I-c-Sv)

]²Xn tcJ(I-c- Sv)

hnI-k\ skan-\mÀ

hnI-k-\- tcJ

]²Xn tcJ

]²Xn Bkq-XW ]Inb

I½yq-Wnän

¹m³

AbÂk

Nˬ

skj≥ 5

h¿°nwKv Kq∏v

F´mWv hÀ¡nwKv Kq¸v?hÀ¡nwKv Kq¸v F´n\v?

S∆¬ sKbnw

Xt±-i- kz-bw-`-c-W -Øm-]-\-§-fnse Bkq-XW kan-Xn-IfmWnh

hÀ¡nwKv Kq¸v F´n\v?

• hyXyØ ho£-W-§Ä,hnhn[ Bi-b-§Ä, \nÀt±-i-§Ä , apX-em-b-h-bpsS ka-\zbw þ ]e tImWp-I-fnÂ\n¶v, Zni-I-fn \n¶v,tkmX-Êp-I-fn \n¶v

6

Triangulation

P\-]-Xn-\n[n

DZm: ]mtZ-inI s]mXp- -c-W- nsâ

ssXam-\-§Ä

23

hÀ¡nwKv Kq v LS-\-bpw AwK-§fpw

F´mWv Cu ka-\zbw?

• hyXyØ ]Xn-\n-[n-IÄ• hyXyØ hyàn-IÄ• hyXyØ ho£-W-§Ä• hyXyØ ]cn-lmc \nÀt±-i-§Ä

• AwK-߃ : 7 apX¬ 17 hsc• Izmdw 1/3• sNb¿t]-gvk≥ (P-\-]-Xn-\n-[n),• I¨ho-\¿ (D-t±ym-K-ÿ/≥)• sshkvsN-b¿t]-gvk¨ ˛ ]mtZ-inI

hnZ-KvZ[/≥• AwK-߃• 1/3 kvXoIƒ• F√m hn`m-K-߃°pw ]mXn-\n[yw

][m\ hÀ¡nwKv Kq¸p-IÄ

1. IW-°p-Iƒ, tcJ-Iƒ, P\-tk-h\w

2. Irjn, A\p-_‘ taJ-e-Iƒ

3. arK-kw-c-£-Ww, £oc-hn-I-k\w

4. a’y-_-‘\w

5. s]mXp-a-cm-aØv (Du¿÷w,

sshZypXn Dƒs∏sS

6. ZmcnZy eLq-I-cWw

7. kmaq-ly-t£aw

8. ]´n-I-PmXn hnI-k\w

9. ]´n-I-h¿§ hnI-k\w

10. kvXoI-fp-tSbpw Ip´n-I-fp-tSbpw

hnk\w

11. BtcmKyw

12. IpSn-sh-≈w, ipNnXzw

13. ]m¿∏nSw

hÀ¡nwKv Kq¸v: Npa-X-e-IÄ

• Ãm‰kv dnt∏m¿´v Xøm-dm-°¬

• Kma/ hm¿Uv k`m hnh-c-߃

• D]-tZ-i-߃

• t]mP-IvSp-Iƒ Nn´-bmbn Xøm-dm-°¬

• A°m-Z-anI klmbw

• tamWn-‰-dnwKv

D¯c-hm-Zn- -§Ä

• sNb¿ t]gvk¨

• sshkv sNb¿ t]gvk¨

• I¨ho-\¿

• AwK-߃

24

\ap°v h¿°nwKv Kq∏p-I-

fpsS Is≠Ømw

Kq∏v ]h¿Ø\w

\µn

25

skj≥ ˛ 61. hnjbw : Ãm‰kv dnt∏m¿´v Xøm-dm-°¬

2. e£yw 1. Cu skjs‚ Ah-km\w ]cn-io-e\ ]¶m-fn-Iƒ°v

(i) Ãm‰kv dnt∏m¿´ns‚ ]m[m\yw hni-Zo-I-cn-°phm≥ Ign-bpI.

(ii) Ãm‰kv dnt∏m¿´v Xøm-dm-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ \S-]-Sn-Iƒ hni-Zo-I-

cn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpI

(iii)Ãm‰kv dnt∏m¿´v Xøm-dm-°p-∂-Xn¬ ÿnXn hnhc IW-°p-

Iƒ°p≈ ]m[m\yhpw tkmX- p-Ifpw hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-hm≥

Ign-bpI

(iv)Ãm‰kv dnt∏m¿ v Xøm-dm-°p-∂-Xn\v \n¿∆-lW DtZym-K-ÿs‚

]¶v hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpI

(v)Ãm‰kv dnt∏m¿´v Xøm-dm-°p-∂-Xn\p≈ I¿Ω-]-cn-]mSn Xøm-dm-

°p-hm≥ Ign-bpI

3. kabw : 60 an\n‰v

4. thZn : -s]mXp thZn

5. D≈-S°hpw/]cn-io-e\coXnbpw

IaD≈S°w

kabw]T\coXn D]m[nIƒ

\º¿ (an\n‰v)

1. ss…Uv 1,2,3,4Ãm‰kv dnt∏m¿´v F¥v? F¥n\v? 10 s_bn≥ tÃmanwKv,

]¶m -fnØ Ah-X -

cWw(Ip-dn∏v 1)

2. ss…Uv 5, 6, 7Ãm‰kv dnt∏m¿´ns‚ LS\ 10 \nb- ¥nX hmb\

(Ip-dn∏v 2)

3. ss…Uv 8Xøm-dm-°p∂ \S]Sn-Iƒ 5 ]¶m -fnØ Ah-X -

cWw

4. ss…Uv9Ãm‰kv dnt∏m¿´n¬ ÿnXn hnhc IW-°p-

Iƒ ˛ Bh-iy-I-X, ]m[m\yw5 ]¶m -fnØ Ah-X -

cWw(Ip-dn∏v 3)

5. ss…Uv10, 11hnh-c-߃ Fßs\ tiJ-cn°mw? 15 ]¶m -fnØ Ah-X -

cWw(Ip-dn∏v 4)

6. ss…Uv 12h¿°nwKv Kq∏ns‚ DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-߃ 10 Ah-X-cWw

7. ss…Uv 13kwib\nhm-cWw 5 N¿®

26

Ah-X-cW Ipdn∏v

Ipdn∏v 1: (i) Bkq-XW ]In-b-bn¬ Ãm‰kv dnt∏m¿´v F¥m-sW∂v s_bn≥

tÃman-ßneqsS Is≠-Øp-I. A`n-]m-b-߃ Nm¿´n¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-

I (I-gn-hXpw t]mk-‰ohv Imcy-߃ ]cm-a¿in-°p-I).

(ii) Ãm‰kv dnt∏m¿´pI-fpsS t]mcm-bva-Iƒ Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°m≥ Nmb-bp-

≠m-°p∂ DZm-cWw Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-I. shdpw ]Øv cq] sNe-hm°n

hmßp∂ Nmb Xøm-dm°n Xcm≥ \Ω-tfmSv At\z-jn-°p∂ Imcy-ß-

fmWv. With sugar or without sugar; black or milk tea;

strong, medium or light, F∂m¬ 10 e£w cq] apX¬ apS-°p

hcp∂ hr≤-k-Z-\-Øns‚ t]mPIvSv ]kvXpX taJ-e-bpsS Ãm‰kv

FSp-°m-sX-bmWv Xøm-dm-°p-∂Xv F∂ t]mse-bp≈ DZm-l-c-W-߃

]cm-a¿in®v Ãm‰kv dnt∏m¿´n-s‚ ]m[m\yw hni-Zo-I-cn-°mw.

Ipdn∏v 2: Bkq-XW am¿§-tc-J-bnse JWvUnI 11.3 ZpX-K-Xn-bn¬ hmbn-°p-hm≥

]d-bp-I.

Ipdn∏v 3: hnh-c-Øns‚ A`m-h-Øn-ep≈ Bkq-XWw Bkq-X-Wta A√ F∂v

ASn-h-c-bn´v Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-Ww.

Ipdn∏v 4: (i) ZznXob hnh-c-߃ hnhn[ tkmX- p-Iƒ kw_-‘n® hnhcw \¬Ip-

I.

]©m-bØv eh¬ Ãm‰n-‰nIvkv e`y-am-sW∂pw AXnse ÿnXn hnhc-

I-W-°p-Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn-t°-≠-Xns‚ Bh-iy-I-Xbpw ]cm-a¿in-°p-I.(-

]-©m-bØv seh¬ Ãm‰n-‰n-Ivkns‚ ]I¿∏v Icp-Xn-bn-cn-°pI; ]Z¿in-

∏n-°p-I.). IqSmsX hnhn[ hIp-∏n-I-fnse DtZym-K-ÿ-cpsS tbmKw hnfn-

∏n®v ZznZob hnh-c-ß-fpsS e`y-X-sb-Ip-dn®v Bcm-bp∂p Ah tiJ-cn-

°p\pw ]d-bp-I.

]©m-b-Ønepw Hm^o-kp-I-fnepw a‰pw e`y-amb dnt∏m¿´p-Iƒ, ap≥

hnI-k\ tcJ-Iƒ, cPn-Ã-dp-Iƒ, dnt°m¿Up-Iƒ apX-emb ZznXob

tkmX- p-I (Secondary Sources) fn¬ \n∂pw [mcmfw Um‰/hnhcw.

(ii) ]mY-anI hnh-c-߃

• ]mtZ-in-I-ambn e`y-amb a\pjy hn`-h-ß-fmb IpSpw-_-io, AwK-\-

hmSn Poh-\-°m¿, Bim-h¿°¿am¿, ¢∫v AwK-߃, k∂≤ kwL-

S-\-Iƒ XpS-ßn-b-h-cpsS klm-b-tØmsS hnh-c-߃ tiJ-cn°m≥

Ignbpw F∂v t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øp-I.

27

• Bb-Xn-tebv°v hnhn[ kwL-S-\-I-fmb IpSpw-_-io, kmap-Zm-bnI

kwL-S-\-Iƒ, ¢∫p-Iƒ, ]mS-tiJc kan-Xn, ]n.-Sn.F XpSßnb-h-cp-

ambn N¿®-Iƒ kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-I.

• hm¿Up-I-fn¬ \n∂v dnt∏m¿´v e`n-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXns\ ]©m-

bØv Xe-Øn¬ tImUo-I-cn®v h¿°nwKv Kq∏n\v \¬Im≥ km[n-

®m¬ \√-Xm-sW∂v Adn-bn-°Ww.

28

2

-]²Xn

t]mPIvSpIÄ

hÀ¡nwKv Kq vAhØm hni-I-e-\w, Ìmäkv

dnt¸mÀ«vtÌ¡v

tlmÄUÀ NÀ¨

Kma-k`hnI-k\ tcJ

(I-c-Sv)

]²Xn tcJ

(I-c-Sv )

hnI-k\ skan-\mÀ

hnI-k-\-tcJ

]²Xn tcJ

]²Xn Bkq-XW ]Inb

I½yq-Wnän

¹m³

AbÂk` NÀ¨

skj≥ 6

Ãm‰kv dnt∏m¿´v Xøm-dm-°¬

Ìmäkv dnt¸mÀ«v þ F v?Ìmäkv dnt¸mÀ«v þ F´n\v?

• Hmtcm taJ-e-bp-sSbpwþ AhØ Adn-bp-¶-Xn\vþ hnIk\ hnS-hp -IÄ Is- --¯p-¶-Xn\vþ hnIk\ hnS-hp-IÄ \nI¯p¶-Xn-\pÅ

X´-§Ä Bhn-jvI-cn¡p-¶-Xn\v

• Hmtcm taJ-e-bp-sSbpw AhØm hni-I-e-\ dnt¸mÀ«v

LS\

• taJ-e-bpsS C¶s¯ AhØ• \S-¸n-em-¡nb t]mP-IvSp-I-fpsS hni-Zmw-

i-§Ä• \S¸p t]mP-IvSp-I-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Ä• e£yw ssIh-cn¨ t]mPIvSpIÄ, Imc-W-

§Ä• e£yw ssIh-cn¡m¯ t]mPIvSpIÄ,

Imc-W-§Ä

LS\...

• \S- n-em-¡m³ Ign-bmsX t]mb t]mP-IvSp-IÄ

• hIp-¸p -I-fpsS/CXc GP³kn-I-fpsSt]mP-IvSp-IÄ/]cn-]m-Sn-IÄ

• BkvXn-I-fpsS D]-tbmK £aX• ]qÀ¯o-I-cn-¡m¯ t]mP-IvSp-IÄ• ]iv\ hni-I-e-\-hpw, ]cn-lmc km²y-X-

Ifpw

29

X¿m-dm-¡p¶Xn\pÅ \S-]-Sn-IÄLS\...

• \b kao-]-\w, Imgv¨-¸m-Sv, hnI-k\X´w

• kaK ]cn-]mSn• hn`h kam-l-cWw

• hnhc tiJ-cWw• tImUo-I-cWw, A]-K-Y\w• tÌ¡v tlmÄUÀ NÀ¨• AhØm hni-I-e\w• IcSv dnt¸mÀ«v• A´na dnt¸mÀ«v

“ØnXn hnhcIW¡pfnÃmsXBkq-XWw km[y-aÔ

No Planning without‘Data’

hÀ¡nwKv Kq¸-nsâ D¯-c-hm-Zn¯w

• _‘-s∏´ h¿°nwKv Kq∏p-Iƒ ZznXo-bhpw

]mY-an-I-hpw, ÿnXn-hn-h-c-°-W-°p-Iƒ

tiJ-cn®v Ãm‰kv dnt∏m¿´v Xøm-dm-°p-I-.

• ta¬Ø-´v ]©m-b-Øp-Iƒ°v ssIam-d¬/

IogvØ´v ]©m-b-Øp-I-fn¬ \n∂v tiJ-cn-

°¬ (]-©m-b-Øp-I-ƒ°v amXw)

ZznXobw(sk¡−dn)

]©m-b¯v seh Ìmän-ÌnIvPnÃm-Xe dnt¸mÀ«p-IÄ

ap³ hnI-k\ tcJ-IÄ]T-\-§ÄcPn-Ì-dp-IÄhnhn[ hIp- p-I-fn \n¶pÅkvYnXnhnh-c-I-W¡pIÄ

ZznXobw(sk¡−dn)

]©m-b¯v seh Ìmän-ÌnIvPnÃm-Xe dnt¸mÀ«p-IÄ

ap³ hnI-k\ tcJ-IÄ]T-\-§ÄcPn-Ì-dp-IÄhnhn[ hIp- p-I-fn \n¶pÅkvYnXnhnh-c-I-W¡pIÄ

30

skj≥ ˛ 71. hnjbw : hnI-k\ tcJ Xøm-dm-°¬

2. e£yw 1. Cu skjs‚ Ah-km\w ]cn-io-e\ ]¶m-fn-Iƒ°v(i) hnI-k-\-tc-JbpsS LS-\bpw DÅ-S-¡hpw hni-Zo-I-cn-¡p-hm³Ign-bpI(ii)hnI-k-\tcJ -X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn\pÅ \S-]-Sn-IÄ hni-Zo-I-cn-¡p-hm³ Ign-bpI

3. kabw : 30 an\n‰v

4. thZn : -s]mXp thZn, Kq∏v ]h¿Ø-\-Øn-\p≈ thZn

5. D≈-S°hpw/]cn-io-e\coXnbpw

IaD≈S°w

kabw]T\coXn D]m[nIƒ

\º¿ (an\n‰v)

1. ss…Uv 1,2,3hnI-k-\-tcJ ˛ F¥,v ]m[m\yw 5 ]¶m -fnØ Ah-X -

cWw(Ip-dn∏v 1)

2. ss…Uv 4, 5, 6

ssI]p-kvXIw,

a m ¿ § - t c - J ,

hnI-k\ tcJ-

Iƒ

hnI-k-\-tcJ ˛ LS-\, D≈-S-°w, hnj-b-

߃20 ]¶m -fnØ Ah-X -

cWw(Ip-dn∏v 2)

3. ss…Uv 7kwib\nhm-cWw 5 N¿®

Ipdn∏v 1:

Ãm‰kv dnt∏m¿´n¬ \n∂mWv hnI-k\ tcJ Xøm-dm-°p-∂-Xv F∂v]cm-

a¿in-°p-I.

Ipdn∏v 2:

(i) ]¶m-fn-Isf ]Øv Kq∏p-I-fm°pI. Xt±-i`-cWw˛4 : ]¶m-fnØ Bkq-

XWw ssI∏p-kvXIw (A-≤ymbw 2) hmbn-°m≥ Bh-iy-s∏-Smw. hmb-

\-°n-S-bn¬ ][m\ t]mbn‚p-Iƒ ]cn-io-e-I≥ D≤-cn-®m¬ \√-Xm-Wv.

hnI-k\ tcJ Xøm-dm-°¬ Hcp tcJ NS-ßn\v A®-Sn-°pI F∂-X√,

adn®v Xt±-i-kzb`c-W-ÿm-]-\Øns‚ A©v h¿jsØ hnI-k\

Imgv®-∏m-SmWv F-∂p≈ Bibw ]¶v shbv°Ww

(ii) hnI-k\ tcJ-bpsS LS-\, hnj-b-߃ F∂nh hy‡-am-°p∂ Xc-

Øn¬ Ign-bp-sa-¶n¬ \√ Nne hnIk\ tcJ-I-fpsS tIm∏n Hmtcm

Kq∏n\pw t\m°m≥ sImSp-°p-I.

31

5

`mKwþ 2

13 þhnj-b-ta-J-e-IÄ

AhØ

]iv\-§Ä

]cn-lm-c-amÀ¤-§Ä

]hÀ¯\ hne-bn-cp-¯Â

hnI-k\ km[y-X-IÄGsä-Sp-¡m-hp¶]hÀ -\§Ä

4

`mKwþ 1

s]mXphnh-c-§Ä

`q]-IrXn

P\-kwJy

kmaqlnI þ kmwkvIm-cnI þ km¼- nI ØnXn

skj≥ 7

hnI-k\ tcJ Xøm-dm-°¬

hnI-k\ tcJ

]m[m\yw• ZÀi\ tcJ• ZoÀL-Ime hnI-k\ ]cn-t]£yw• ØnXn hnhc IW-¡p-I-fn AhØm

hni-I-e\w• \bw, X´w, Gsä-Sp-t¡---Xmb ]hÀ¯-

\-§Ä

hnI-k\ tcJ

• hnI-k\ tcJ ]cn-N-b-s¸-SWw– (amÀ¤-tcJ JÞnI 11.8 )• LS\, DÅ-S¡w– (amÀ¤-tcJ A\p-_Ôw 8)

2

-]²Xn

t]mPIvSpIÄ

hÀ¡nwKv Kq v

AhØm hni-I-e-\w, Ìmäkv

dnt¸mÀ«vÌmäkvdnt¸mÀ«v

tÌ¡vtlmÄUÀ NÀ¨

Kma-k`

hnI-k\ tcJ

(I-c-Sv)

]²Xn tcJ(I-c-Sv)

hnI-k\ skan-

\mÀ

hnI-k-\-tcJ

]²Xn tcJ

]²Xn Bkq-XW ]Inb

I½yq-Wnän ¹m³

AbÂk NÀ¨

]iv\ ]cn-lmchni-I-e\w

]mtZ-inIAhØmhni-I-e\w

32

skj≥ ˛ 81. hnjbw : Bkq-XW Kma/hm¿Uv k`

2. e£yw 1. Cu skjs‚ Ah-km\w ]cn-io-e\ ]¶m-fn-Iƒ°v

i Kma-k- bpsS A[n-Im-c-§Ä, D -c-hm-Zn- -§Ä F¶nh ]«n-

I-s¸-Sp-¯phm³ Ign-bp-I.

ii Kma-k-`-bpsS tbmK-\-S-]Sn-IÄ hnh-cn-¡phm³ Ign-bp-I.

iii AbÂk- -bpsS LS\bpw ]hÀ -\hpw hnh-cn-¡p-hm³ Ign-

bp-I.

iv Kma-tI-µ-¯nsâ ]hÀ¯\w hni-Zo-I-cn-¡phm³ Ign-bp-I.

3. kabw : 60 an\n‰v

4. thZn : -s]mXp thZn, Kq∏v N¿®-Iƒ°p≈ thZn-Iƒ

5. D≈-S°hpw/]cn-io-e\coXnbpw

IaD≈S°w

kabw]T\coXn D]m[nIƒ

\º¿ (an\n‰v)

1. ss…Uv 1Kma-k` ˛B-apJw 5 ]¶m-fnØ

AhXcWw

2. ss…Uv 3-2225 tNmZy-߃

• hnhn-[-Xcw Kma-k-`Iƒ

• A[n-Im-c-߃ DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-߃

• kwLm-S\w, AP≠

• tbmK-\-S-]Sn Ia-߃

• Ab¬k-`, Kma-tIµw

45 h n h - c W m - fl I

]ivt\m-Øcn(Ip-dn∏v

1)

3. ss…Uv 23Bkq-X-W-Øn¬ Kma-k-`-bpsS ]¶v ˛

im‡o-I-cn-°p-hm≥ F¥v sNømw?5 ] ¶ m - f n Ø

AhXcWw (Ip-dn∏v

2)

4. ss…Uv 25kwib\nhm-cWw 5 tNmZy-߃

Ipdn∏v 1: (hnh-c-Wm-flI ]ivt\m-Øcn (Explanatory Quiz) \S-tØ≠ hn[w

• ]cn-io-e\ ]¶m-fn-Isf Btdm, Gtgm Kq∏p-I-fm°n Hmtcm Kq∏n\pw

t]cv, eoU¿ F∂nh sXc-s™-Sp-°m-≥ ]d-bp-I.

• tNmZy-߃ ASpØ Kq∏n\v ssIam-td-≠-Xn√

• icn-bp-Ø-c-Øn\v ]Øv am¿°v hoXw

• kvtIm¿ t_m¿Uv Fgp-Xm-\p≈ Nm¿ v ap≥Iq´n Xøm-dm°n shbv°pI.

33

• DØ-c-߃ ]d-™mepw Cs√-¶nepw icn-bp-Øcw˛ppt ¢n°v sNbvX-Xn-

\p-tijw Izn v amÿ ]d-bp-Ibpw AXv hnh-cn-°p-Ibpw A\p-_‘

Imcy-߃ kqNn-∏n-°p-Ibpw thWw

• a’cw Bth-i-am-°p-∂-tXm-sSm∏w ]T-\-Øn\v ]m[m\yhpw \¬IWw

• a’-c-Øn¬ hnP-bn-°p∂ Soans\ A`n-\-µn-°m≥ ad-°-cpXv. (Ign-bp-

sa-¶n¬ t]\tbm ]pkvX-Itam at‰m kΩm-\-ambn \¬Imw). Bb-Xn-

tebv°v Ine-bpsS Cu ]cn-ioe-\-Øn-\-√mØ ssI∏p-kvXIw Icp-Xp-

I-bp-am-Imw.

Ipdn∏v 2

F√m-Xcw Kma-k-`-Ifpw hni-Zo-I-cn-t°≠ Bkq-XW Kma-k- -Isf

Ipdn®v amXw kqNn-∏n-®m¬ aXn

Ipdn∏v 3

Kma-k-`-Iƒ im‡o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ P\-]-Xn-\n-[n-I-fpsS ]¶n\v

]m[m\yw \¬Ip-Ibpw aps∂m-cp° ]h¿Ø-\-߃ s_bn≥ tÃmanw-

ßn-eqsS hni-Zo-I-cn-°m-hp-∂-Xp-am-Wv.

34

2

-]²Xn

t]mPIvSpIÄ

hÀ¡nwKv Kq vAhØm hni-I-e-\w, Ìmäkv

dnt¸mÀ«vtÌ¡v

tlmÄUÀ NÀ¨

Kma-k`hnI-k\ tcJ

(I-c-Sv)

]²Xn tcJ

(I-c-Sv )

hnI-k\ skan-\mÀ

hnI-k-\-tcJ

]²Xn tcJ

]²Xn Bkq-XW ]Inb

I½yq-Wnän

¹m³

AbÂk` NÀ¨

skj≥ 8Bkq-XW Kma/hm¿Uv k`

1. Kma-k-`-bpsS I¬ho-\À?

• D¯cw :Kma-]-©m-b-¯wKw/ hmÀUv sa¼À

2. Kma-k-`- -tIm-þ-HmÀUn-t\-äÀ hmÀUv sa¼À BWv ?

icn/sXäv

2. D¯cw :sXäv

35

3. Hcp Kma-k-`-bpsS ]hÀ¯\ aÞew Kma-k`DÄs¡m-Åp¶ ]©m-b¯mWv

icn/sXäv

3. D¯cw :sXäv

4. Kma-k`m k-_vI-½nänbn Ipd-ªXv 10AwK-§Ä D -m -IWw

icn/sXäv

5. D¯cw :sXäv

4. D¯cw :icn

5. KpW-t`m-àm-¡-fpsS AÀlX/]cn-tim- [\/Xnc-sª-Sp¸v F¶nh`cWk-anXnbpsS Npa-X-e-bn s]Spw

icn/sXäv

36

6. hmÀUv hnI-k\ kan-Xn-bn ]c-am-h[n 15AwK-§Ä hsc BImw.

icn/sXäv

7. KpW-t`m-àm-¡sf e£y-am-¡n-bpÅ ]²-Xn-I-fpsSap³K-W\m Ia-¯n-epÅ enÌv A´naambnX¿m-dm-¡p-¶Xv - . BWv 7. D¯cw :

Kmak`

8. Kma-k-`-bpsS A[n-Im-c-§Ä, Ah-Im-i-§Ä, Npa-X-e-IÄ, D¯-c-hm-Zn-¯-§Ä F¶nh]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶Xv tIcf ]©m-b¯v cmPv \nb-a-¯nse GXp-h-Ip-¸p-IÄ ]Im-c-amWv ?

8. D¯cw :hIp¸v 3 F, 3 _n

6. D¯cw :sXäv

37

9. Xm³ I¬ho-\À Bbn-cn-¡p¶ Kma-k`/hmÀUk`bpsS tbmKw aq¶v amk-¯n-sem-cn-¡Â hnfn-¨p-Iq-«p-¶-Xn\v.... XhW XpSÀ¨-bmbnhogvN hcp-¯n-bm B hmÀUv sa¼-dpsS Øm\w\jvS-s¸-Sp-¶-Xm-Wv ?

9. D¯cw :aq¶v XhW

10. AbÂk` \nÀÆm-lI kan-Xn-bnse AwK§-fpsS F®w FX?

11. D¯cw :15 Znhkw

10. D¯cw :11

11. Kma-k`bpsS ]-tXyI tbmKw hnfn-¡m³thm«ÀamÀ Bh-iy-s¸-«m FX Znh-k- ¯n-\p-ÅnÂtbmKw tNcWw ?

38

12. Kma-k`m an-\n-Svknsâ ItÌm-Un-b³ Bcv ?

13. `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS GXv BÀ«n-¡nÄ]Im-c-amWv Kma-k` cq]o-I-cn-¡m³ hyhØsNbvXn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. 13. D¯cw :

243 F

14. AbÂk`m \nÀÆm-l-I-k-an-Xn-bnse kvXo]mXn-\n[yw FX?.

14. D¯cw :6

12. D¯cw :]©m-b¯v skI-«dn

39

15. hmÀUv hnI-k\ kan-Xn-bpsS I¬ho-\ÀBcmWv ?. 15. D¯cw :

kanXn AwK-§-fn \n¶pw sXc-sª-Sp-¡p¶ HcmÄ

16. hmÀUv hnI-k\ kan-Xn-bpsS I¬ho-\ÀØm\¯v Hgnhv h¶m FX Znh-k-¯n-\Iw \nI-¯Ww ?.

17. D¯cw :

C:thm«À]-«n-I-bn t]cpÅ FÃm-hcpw

16. D¯cw :30 Znh-k-¯n-\Iw

17.Kma-k-`bnse AwK-Xz-¯n\v AÀlX BÀ¡v?a). _n.-]n.-FÂ. hn`m-K-¯nÂs]«-hÀ.b). \nÀ±njvS hmÀUn kz´-amb `qan-bpÅ FÃm-hcpw.c). thm«À]-«n-I-bn t]cpÅ FÃm-hcpwd). hmÀUn Xma-kn-¡p¶ apgp-h³ AwK-§fpw

40

18. Kma-k-`-bpsS I¬ho-\À Øm\w BcmWv hln-¡p-¶Xv ?a). ]©m-b¯v skI-«-dnb). GsX-¦nepw hÀ¡nwKv Kq¸v sa¼Àc). Irjn Hm^o-kÀd). hmÀUv sa¼À

19. Kma/hmÀUv k` tbmK-§Ä hnfn¨p tNÀt¡- D¯-c-hm-Zn¯w BÀ¡mWv ?a). hmÀUv sa¼À/Iu¬kn-eÀb). Kma-]-©m-b¯v/\K-c-k` skI-«dnc). Kma-]-©m-b¯v/\K-c-k` sNbÀt]-gvk¬d). Kma-/hmÀUv k` s^kn-en-tä-äÀ

19. D¯cw :

A:hmÀUv sa¼À

20. Kma/hmÀUv k` tbmK-§-fpsS Izmdw BsIthm«Àam-cpsS þþþ iX-am-\-amWva). 10 iX-am\wb). 20 iX-am\wc). 33 iX-am\wd). 50 iX-am\w

20. D¯cw :

A: 10 iX-am\w

18. D¯cw :

D:hmÀUv sa¼À

41

21. ]tXyI Kma-k` tbmK-¯nsâ A²y-£³Bcm-bn-cn-¡Ww ?

a). t£a-Imcy ÌmânwKv I½nän sNbÀam³b). hmÀUvsa-¼Àc). ]©m-b¯v ]kn-Uâvd). ]©m-b¯v skI-«dn

21. Da¯cw :

C: ]©m-b¯v ]kn-Uâv

22. Hcp ]tZ-is¯ Ab k`-I-fnÂBÀs¡ms¡ AwK-§-fmImw ?

a). B ]tZ-is¯ apgp-h³ Bfp-IÄ¡pwb). B ]tZ-is¯ h\n-X-IÄ¡vc). B ]tZ-is¯ apgp-h³ thm«ÀamÀ¡pwd). FÃm _n.-]n.-FÂ. hn`m-K-¡mÀ¡pw

23. D¯cw :

A: AwK kwJy-bpsS aq¶n-sem¶v

22. D¯cw :

C: B ]tZ-is¯ apgp-h³ thm«ÀamÀ¡pw

23. hmÀUv hnI-k\ kan-Xn-bpsS IzmdwFX-bmWv ?

a). AwK-kw-Jy-bpsS aq¶n-sem¶vb). BsI thm«Àam-cpsS 10%c). _n.-]n.-FÂ. hn`m-K-¡m-cpsS 20 %s). AwK-kw-Jy-bpsS 20 %

42

24.AbÂk-`-bpsS \nÀÆm-l-I-k-an-Xn-bpsS Imem-h[n-hÀj-am-Wv.

a) 5 b) 3c) 2- 1/2 d)3- 1/2

25. Kma-k-`-IÄ¡v GsX-¦nepw t]mP-IvSp-I-tfm, ]²-Xntbm X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th-n kºv I½nän cq]o-I-cn-¡m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv ?icntbm/sXtäm

25. D¯cw :icn

10  Ipd-bm¯ AwK-§Ä

Bkq-X-W-¯n Kma-k-`bpsS ]¦v Kma-k-`IÄ imào-I-cn-¡Â

24. D¯cw :

C: 2- 1/2

• Ìmäkv dnt¸mÀ«v NÀ¨ sN¿Â• ap³NÀ¨ s]mP-IvSp-IÄ hne-bn-cp-¯Â• s]mP-IvSp-IÄ \nÀt±-i§Ä¡v ap³K-W-

\-Ifpw \nÀÆ-lW X´-§fpw \nÀt±-in-¡Â

• aps¶m-cp-¡-§Ä• amXrIm AP -• ]mfn-t¸m-Im-Xn-cn-¡m³ F´v sN¿Ww?

H¶v Nn´n¨v t\m¡p-I.

43

skj≥ ˛ 91. hnjbw : ]uc-`-c-Ww, Ab¬k-`, hm¿Uv hnI-k\ kanXn

2. e£yw 1. Cu skj\ptijw ]cn-io-e\ ]¶m-fn-Iƒ°v

• Ab¬k` cq]o-I-c-Ww, LS-\, ]h¿Ø-\-߃ F∂n-h-sb-

°p-dn®v hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-I.

• hm¿Uv hnI-k\ kan-Xn-bpsS LS-\, ]h¿Ø-\-߃, Npa-X-

e-Iƒ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-I.

3. kabw : 45 an\n‰v

4. thZn : -s]mXp thZn

5. D≈-S°hpw/]cn-io-e\coXnbpw

IaD≈S°w

kabw]T\coXn D]m[nIƒ

\º¿ (an\n‰v)

1. ss…Uv 1, 2, 3,

4

BapJw ˛ Ab¬k`, hm¿Uv hnI-k\

kanXn ˛ GXv,-F-¥n\v ? cq]o-I-cWw5 ]¶m - f nØAh -X -

cWw

2. ss…Uv 5-,6LS\ 21 ]¶m - f nØAh -X -

cWw

3. ss…Uv 7-,11Npa-X-e-Iƒ 5 ]¶m - f nØAh -X -

cWw

4. ss…Uv 12,13tbmK-\-S-]Sn 2 ]¶m - f nØAh -X -

cWw

Ipdn∏v :

1. c≠v k¿°m¿ DØ-c-hp-I-fn-eqsS Kma-tI-µ-ß-ƒ aptJ\ Kma-k- -Iƒ

im‡o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn\pw ]≤Xn ]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ IqSp-X¬ kpXm-cyhpw

P\-]-¶m-fn-Øhpw Dd-∏p-h-cp-Øp-∂Xn\pw e£y-an-Sp∂p F∂v ]Tn-Xm-

°sf t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Ø-Ww.

2. Ab¬k-`-I-fp-sSbpw hm¿Uv hnI-k\ kan-Xn-I-fp-sSbpw LS-\bpw

kwLmS\hpw hy‡am-°ns°mSp°-Ww.

3. Ab¬k- -I-fp-tSbpw hm¿Uv hnI-k\ kan-Xn-I-fp-tSbpw Npa-X-e-Ifpw

]k-‡nbpw ]Tn-Xm-°ƒ°v hy‡-am°n sImSp-°-Ww.

4. ]≤Xn \S-Øn-∏n¬ IqSp-X¬ kpXm-cy-Xbpw P\-]-¶m-fn-Øhpw A-

b¬k`-Iƒ hgn Fßs\ Dd-∏m°mw F∂v t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Ø-Ww.

5. IΩyq-Wn‰n πm\nwKv F∂ \qX\ Bi-b-Øns‚ ]m[m\yw t_m[y-

s∏-Sp-Ø-Ww.

5. ss…Uv 14,15\n¿∆m-lI kanXn 2 ]¶m - f nØAh -X -

cWw

6. ss…Uv 16˛22hm¿Uv hnI-k\ kanXn 13 ]¶m - f nØAh -X -

cWw

7. kwib \nhm-cWw 4 Ah-X-cWw

44

skj≥ 9

]uc- -c-Ww, Ab¬k- , hm¿Uv

hnI-k\ kanXn

AbÂk` F´v?

• Kmak`bpsS- D]LS-I-w• ASp-¯-Sp¯v hcp¶ 50-100 hoSp-IÄ

tNÀ¶v• ]uc-`-c-W-¯nsâ ASn-Øm-\- L-SIw• ]mtZ -in -I -`c -W-¯n P\-§Ä¡v

hÀ²n¨ ]¦m-fn-¯-Xn-\pÅ kwhn[m\w

AbÂk` cq]oIcWw

• 50-100 hoSp-IÄ• dknUâ vkv Atkm-kn-tb-j-\p -Isf

AbÂk-`-bmbn IW-¡m-¡mw• hmÀUnsâ q]IrXn-b-\p-k-cn¨v Bh-iy-

apÅ F®w• hyà-amb AXn-cp-IÄ \nÝ-bn v Kma-k`

AwKo-I-cn-¡Ww• DNn-X-amb t]cv \evIWw (]-[m\ Øew,

PwKvj³, ]pg, ]mSw F¶nh ]cn-K-Wn-¡mw)

AbÂk` F´n\v?

• Kma-k- sb Imcy-£-a-ambn ]hÀ¯n-¡p-¶-Xn\v klm-bn-¡m³

• AbÂk` ]tZ-is¯ hnI-k-\w, Bkq-X-Ww, \nÀÆ-l-Ww, tamWn-ä-dnwKv F¶n-h-bn Kma-k-`¡v Bh-iy-amb ]n´p-Wbpw klm-bhpw \evIp-hm³

• ]uc-`-cWw F¶ e£yw ssIh-cn-¡m³

AbÂk`-þL-S\ (Xp-SÀ¨..)

• AbÂk-`-bnse Hcp kvXotbbpw Hcp]pcp-j-t\bpw hmÀUv hnI-k\ kan-Xn-bn-te¡v sXc-sª-Sp-¡-Ww.

• \nÀhm-l-I-k-an-Xn-bn Fkv.-kn., Fkv.-Sn., aÕy-s¯m-gn-emfn F¶o hn`m-K-§-fpsS P\-kw-Jym-\p-]m-Xn-I- ]mXn\n[yw

AbÂk- -þL-S\

• AbÂk` ]tZ-is¯ IpSpw-_-§-fnseapgp-h-³ thm«Àamcpw AwK-§Ä

• ]Xn-s\m¶v AwK-§-fpÅ Hcp \nÀÆmlIkan-Xn (6 t]À kvXoI-Ä)

• s]mXp-k-½-Xn-bp-Å-h-cm-bn-cn-¡Ww• \nÀÆm -l-I -k-anXnbnse Hcw -Kw

sNbÀt]gvk¬, asämcwKw I¬ho-\À.• sNbÀt]-gvk¬/I¬ho-\À-þkvXo

45

AbÂk- þNpa-X-e-IÄ

• Kma -k-` -IÄ tNcp -¶-Xn\ v ap¼mbnAbÂk-`IÄ tbmKw tNÀ¶n-cn-¡Ww

• ]tZ -i¯v \S -¸ m - t¡ - h nI -k\]hÀ¯-\-§sf kw_-Ôn¨v Kma-k-`¡v\nÀt±iw \ÂIp-I (I½yq-Wnän ¹m\nw-Kv).

• Xt±-i-`-cW Øm]-\-§Ä \S-¸m-¡p¶hnhn[ hnI-k\ ]hÀ¯-\-§-sf-¡p-dn¨vAdn-bn-¡p-I, P\-]-¦m-fn¯hpw k¶-²-]-hÀ¯-\hpw Dd-¸m-¡p-I.

AbÂk-`-þNpa-X-e-IÄ (Xp-SÀ¨..)

• apgp-h³ AwK-§-tfbpw Kma-k-—-bnÂ]s¦-Sp- n-¡m-\m-h-iy-amb ]hÀ -\-§Ä\S-¯p-I.

• KpW-t`màr kan-Xn-I-fpsS ]hÀ -\-§-fnepw, hnI-k\ ]hÀ¯-\-§Ä¡m-h-iy-amb hn`-h-k-am-l-c-W-¯n\pw , IpSpw-_,hyàn-KX KpW-t`màr t]mP-IvSp-I-fnÂAÀl-cmb KpW-t`m-àm-¡-fpsS ap³K-W\ ]«nI X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn\pw klm-bn-¡p-I.

AbÂk`-þNpa-X-e-IÄ (Xp-SÀ¨..)

• AbÂk` ]tZ-is¯ ipNnXz]me\]hÀ¯-\-§-sf-¡p-dn¨v t_m[-h-Xv¡-cn-¡p-I.

• AbÂk- -bpsS tamWn-ä-dnwKvþ hmÀjnIþØm]-\-§-fpsS ]hÀ¯-\- dnt¸mÀ«vF¶nh X¿m -dm¡n Kmak`/hmÀUvk`bn Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-I.

Ab¬k-`-˛Npa-X-e-Iƒ (Xp-S¿®..)

• hnI-k\ ]cn-]m-Sn-, \nÀ½mW ]hÀ -\wtamWn-ä-dnwKv. hmÀUv ]tZ-iw, IpSpw-_-§sf- kw_-Ôn-¨pÅ kÀtÆ, hnh-c-ti-J-cWw.

• s]mXp BkvXn-IÄ kwc-£n-¡p-I, kmaq-ly Xn-·-IÄ-s¡-Xnsc ]Nm-cWw kwL-Sn-¸n¡pI.

AbÂk` tbmK-\-S-]-Sn

• aq¶v amk-¯n-sem-cn-¡Â, Bh-iym-\p-k-cWw CS-¡pÅ Ime-b-f-hnÂ

• kuI-cy-]-Z-amb Øe¯v• AP--, Xob-Xn, Øew, ka-bw Ad-nbn-

¨p- sIm-pÅ t\m«okv aq¶v Znh-k-wap¼v thm«ÀamÀ¡pÅ \ÂIWw

• hmÀUnse P\-]-Xn-\n-[nsb Adn-bn-¡Ww• A[y£XþsNbÀam³ -• Akm-¶n-²y-¯n \nÀÆm-l-I-k-an-Xn-

bnse sXc-sª-Sp-¡-s¸-Sp¶ HcwKw

AbÂk`-þNpa-X-e-IÄ (Xp-SÀ¨..)

• A\-[n-IrX \nÀ½m-W-§Ä, ]cn-ØnXnBLmX ]hÀ¯-\-§Ä,kvXoIÄ¡pw Ip«n-IÄ¡pw apXnÀ]u-c-·mÀ¡pw `n¶-ti-jn-bp-Å-hÀ¡pw FXn-sc-bpÅ AXn-I-a-§Ä F¶nh A[n-Im-cn-I-fpsS i²-bnÂs¸-Sp-¯pI.

• Ah XS-bp-¶-Xn-\m-h-iy-amb ]hÀ¯-\-§Ä kwL-Sn-¸n-¡p-I.

• AbÂk-`-bnse hnZymÀ°n-IÄ, bph-P-\-§Ä, kvXoIÄ apXnÀ¶ ]uc-·mÀþhyXy-kvX-Iq-«m-bva-IÄ cq]o-I-cn-¡pI

46

AbÂk` tbmK-\-S-]-Sn (Xp-SÀ¨..)

• Izmdw 10% Bbn-cn¡pw• lmPÀ, an\pS vkv tcJ-s¸-Sp -¯Ww

I¬ho\À AsÃ-¦n At±lw Npa-X-e-s -Sp-¯nb BÄ

• A[y-£\pw I¬ho-\dpw lmP-cmb 10t]cpw Ah-km\w an\p -S vkn H¸vshbv¡Ww

• AbÂk-`-bpsS Imem-h[n c-c hÀjw

AbÂk` \nÀÆm-lI kanXnbpsSNpa-X-e-IÄ

• AbÂk-`-bpsS ]hÀ¯-\-§Ä GtIm-]n-¸n-¡p-I.

• hnI-k\ ]hÀ¯-\-§Ä tamWn-ä-dnwKv\S- p-¶-Xn\v AbÂk- sb klm-bn-¡p-I.

hmÀUv hn-I-k-\-k-anXn• cq]o-I-cWw

]©m-b-¯nse FÃm hmÀUpIfnepw hnI-k\ kanXn sNbÀam³þ sa¼À/Iu¬kn-eÀ AwK-§Äþ Kma-k- \nÀt±-in-¡p¶ 6 t]À

– (3 kvXoIÄ, 3 ]pcp-j-·mÀ)• Hmtcm AbÂk-`-bn \n¶v 2 t]À– (1 kvXo, 1 ]pcp-j-³)• Fkv.-kn., Fkv.-Sn., aÕy-s¯m-gn-emfn þ]-

Xn-\n-[n-IÄ• ap³P-\-]-Xn-\n-[n-IÄ, dknUâ vkv Atkm-

kn-tb-j-³– ]-Xn-\n-[n-IÄ, k¶-²-kwL-S\m]-Xn-\n-

[n-IÄ þ– HcmÄ hoXw

• hnI-k\ ]hÀ -\s¯ kw_-Ôn-¡p¶dnt¸mÀ«v Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-I.

• AbÂk` ]hÀ¯-\ -¯nsâhmÀjnIdnt¸mÀ«v Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡pI.

• AbÂk-`¡v Hcp ss_tem X¿m-dm¡nkÀ¡m-cn \n¶v AwKo-Imcw hm§m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv.

hmÀUv hnI-k\ kanXnbpsS Npa-X-e-IÄ• Bh-iy-§Ä ]Tn¨v dnt¸mÀ«v \ÂIp-I.• KpW-t`màrenÌv X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn\v

klm-bn-¡pI• \nÀ½mW ]hr-¯n-I-fpsS tamWn-ä-dnwKv

dnt¸mÀ«pw tkmjy HmUnäv dnt¸mÀ«pwKma-k`-bn Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-I.

• \nb-a-ew-L\ ]hÀ¯-\-§Ä dnt¸mÀ«vsN¿pI

• kzbw ]cym-]vX-Km-a-am¡n amäpI

cq]o-I-cWw (Xp-SÀ¨...)• IÀj-IÀ, A²ym-]-IÀ, tUmIvSÀ, F©n-

\o-bÀ, imkvX-ÚÀ, kmt¦-XnI hnZ-Kv²À, dn«-tbÀUv DtZym-K-ØÀþ 5 t]À

• ]c-am-h[n 25 t]ÀI¬ho-\Àþ hnI-k-\-k-an-Xn-bn \n¶pw

sXcsªSp¡s¸-Sp¶ AwKw• Imem-h[n c -c hÀjw• hmÀUv ]p\À\nÀ®-bn -¡p -t¼mÄ

]p\:kwL-Sn-¸n-¡Ww

47

• Kma-k` kwLm-S-\-¯n klm-bn-¡pI• hyXykvX hn`m-K-§-fpsS Kma-k` kwL-

Sn-¸n-¡m³ klm-bn-¡pI• \nÀ½m-W-]-hÀ¯-\-§-fn P\-]-¦m-fn-

¯w, tamWn-ä-dnwKv• KpW-t`m-àr-k-an-Xn-Isf klm-bn-¡pI• s]mXp-Øm-]-\-§-fpsS tkh-\-§Ä e`y-

am-¡m³ klm-bn-¡pI• s]mXpØm]-\-§-fpsS ]hÀ¯-\-§Ä

aäv D]-kanXn ]hÀ¯-\-§Ä F¶nh\nco-£n-¡p-I, hne-bn-cp-¯Â dnt¸mÀ«vX¿m-dm¡n Kma-k-`-bnÂ/hmÀUvk-`-bnÂAh-X-cn-¸n-¡p-I

• A\-[n-IrX \nÀ½m-W-§Ä, hbÂ-þ-X-®oÀX-S-§Ä \nI-¯Â, Ip¶p-IÄ CSn-¨p-\n-c-¸m-¡Â, A\-[n-IrX J\-\w, aen-\o-I-c-Ww, ]cn-ØnXn BLmX ]hÀ¯-\ -§Ä,kvXoIÄ¡pw Ip«n-IÄ¡pw apXnÀ¶-]u-c-·mÀ¡pw `n¶ti-jn-bp-Å-hÀ¡pw FXn-sc-bpÅ AXn-I-a-§Ä F¶nh A[n-Im-cn-I-fpsSi²-bnÂs -Sp- p-I, Ah XS-bp-¶-Xn-\m-h-iy-amb ]hÀ¯-\-§Ä kwL-Sn-¸n-¡p-I.

• AbÂk` \nÀt±-i-§-fpsS ASn-Ø-m-\-¯nÂhmÀUv ]tZ-is¯ hnI-k\ ]hÀ -\-§sfkw_-Ôn¨pw hnI-k\ kanXn ]hÀ -\-s -¡p-dn-¨p-ap-Å- hmÀjnI dnt¸mÀ«v X¿m-dm¡nKma-k-`-bnÂ/hmÀUvk-`bn Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-I Xt±-i-`-cW Øm]\¯n\v \ÂIp-I.

• Kma-k`m Xocp-am-\-§Ä \S-¸m-¡n-bn-«pt-mF¶v ]cn-tim-[n¨v dnt¸mÀ«v X¿m-dm¡n Kma-k-`-bn Ah-X-cn-¸n¡pI.

hmÀUv hnI-k\ tbmK \S-]-Sn-Iaw

• amk-¯n H¶v \nÀ_Ôw• sNbÀam³ A²y-£w hln-¡Ww• tbmK- Øehpw Xob-Xnbpw ka-bhpw

AP--bpw aq¶v Znh-k-sa-¦nepw ap¼mbnAwK-§sf Adn-bn¨v cioXv hm§Ww

• t\m«okv t_mÀUn ]kn-²-s -Sp- -Ww• Izmdw þAwK-kw-Jy-bpsS aq¶nsem¶v• an\pSvkv _p¡v I¬ho-\-À kq£n-¡Ww• tbmKXocp-am-\-¯n\v tijw an\pSvkv

_p¡n lmP-cmb FÃm AwK-§fpwH¸n -tS - - -Xp -am -Wv.

• P\-§Ä¡nS-bn-ep- -m -Ip¶ XÀ¡-§Ä,]cm-Xn-IÄ ]cn-l-cn-¡p-¶-Xn\v AZm-e-¯p-IÄ \S-¯p-I.

• tIc-f eoKÂ kÀÆokv AtXm-dn-än-bpsSklm-b-t¯m-sS \nb-a-k-lmb ¢n\n-¡p-IÄ kwL-Sn-¸n-¡p-I.

• Kma-k-`-bn \n£n-]vX-amb aäv Npa-X-e-IÄ \nÀÆ-ln-¡m³ klm-bn-¡p-I.

• hÀj-¯n Hcp Kma-k` Kmtam-Õ-hambn kwL-Sn-¸n-¡m³ klm-bn-¡p-I.

\µn

48

skj≥ ˛ 101. hnjbw : ]≤-Xn-tcJ Xøm-dm-°¬

2. e£yw 1. Cu skj\ptijw ]cn-io-e\ ]¶m-fn-Iƒ°v

i ]≤-Xn-tcJ Xøm-dm-t°-≠-Xns‚ Bh-iy-I-Xbpw ]m[m-\yhpw

]h¿Ø-\-ßfpw hni-Zo-I-cn-°phm≥ Ign-bpI.

ii ]≤Xn tcJ-bpsS LS\ hni-Zo-I-cn-°phm≥ Ign-bpI.

iii ]≤Xn tcJ

3. kabw : 45 an\n‰v

4. thZn : -s]mXp thZn

5. D≈-S°hpw/]cn-io-e\coXnbpw

IaD≈S°w

kabw]T\coXn D]m[nIƒ

\º¿ (an\n‰v)

1. ss…Uv 1, 2, 3]≤-Xn-tcJ Bh-iy-I-Xbpw ]m[m-\yhpw 5 ]¶m -fnØ Ah-X -

cWw(Ipdn∏v 1)

2. s…Uv 4,5am¿§-

tc-J-bn¬ ]≤-

Xn -tc -J -bpsS

cq]-tcJ

]≤XntcJ- Xøm-dm-°¬ ˛ LS\, \S]-Sn-

Iƒ15 \ n b - ¥ n X

hmb\,]¶m -f nØ

Ah-X-cWw(Ipdn∏v 2)

3. s s … U v

6t^mdw 1

^≠v F≥h-e∏v Xøm-dm-°¬ 20 Kq∏v ]h¿Ø-\w(Ip-

dn∏v 3)

4. ss…Uv 6kwib \nhm-cWw 5 N¿®

Ipdn¸v 1:

Bkq-XW NI-¯n ]²-Xn-tc-J-bpsS LSIw kqNn-¸n-¡p-I.

Ipdn¸v 2:

amÀ¤-tc-J-bn ]²-Xn-tc-J-bpsS LS-\bpw ]hÀ¯-\-§fpw , kw_-Ôn¨ ]kà mK-§Ä hmbn-¡p-hm³ ]d-bpI (t]Pv 68,69,70).]²-Xn-tc-J-bpsS LS\ hmbn-¡p¶ ka-b¯v AXnse ][m\ mK-§Ä ]cn-io-e-I³ D²-cn-¨m \Ã-XmWv.

Ipdn¸v 3:

]¦m-fn-Isf ap¼v Xncn¨ Kq¸nsâ ASn-Øm-\- n Xs¶ B Kq¸ns\Hcp ]©m-b-¯m¡n ]cn-K-Wn¨v ASp¯ A©v hÀj-t¯-¡pÅdntkmgvkv - v F³h-e¸v X¿m-dm-¡p-hm³ ]d-bpI . AXn-\mbn - vF³h-e- nsâ t^mdw \ÂIm-hp-¶-Xm-Wv. £W¡ v Ab-bv¡p-t¼mÄ^-v F³h-e-¸nsâ t^mdw ap³Iq«n Ab¨p sImSp¯v Umä-bp-ambnhcp-hm³ ]d-bp-¶Xv DNn-X-am-Wv. AX-sÃ-¦n km¼nÄ Umäm ]Zm\wsN¿mw.

49

t^mdw 1

^≠v F≥h-e]v

..........................................................................]-©m-bØv

I.\w [\ tkmX v 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 BsI

1 hnI-k\ ^≠v

s]mXp hn`mKw

]tXyI LSI ]≤Xn

]´n-I-PmXn D]-]-≤Xn

2 sabn‚-\≥kv Km‚ vtdmUn-Xcw

tdmUv

3 1. X\Xv ^≠v

2. temI _m¶v hnlnXw

3. P\-d¬ ]¿]kv Km‚ v

4 kwÿm-\m-hn-jvIrX ]≤-Xn XpI

5 tIµm-hn-jvIrX ]≤Xn XpI

• Fw.-Pn. F≥.-B¿.-C.-Pn.-Fkv

• F≥.-B¿.-F-¬.Fw

• B¿.-Fw.-F-kv.F

• F≥.-B¿.F®v.Fw

• Fkv.-_n.F

• sF.-F.ssh

6 kl-I-cW _m¶v hmbv]

7 CXc [\-Imcy ÿm]m\-ß-fn¬

\n∂p≈ hmbv]-Iƒ

8 KpW-t`m‡r hnlnXw ]©m-b-Øn-

te°v AS-®Xv t\cn´v Nne-h-gn-®Xv

9 Fw.]n F¬.-F.Un ^≠v

10 Fw.-F¬.F Fkv.-Un.-F^v ^≠pw,

BkvXn B¿÷n-°¬ ^≠pw

11 kw`m-h-\-Iƒ

12 k∂≤ tkh\w

13 a‰v Xt±i kzbw-`-cW ÿm]-\-

ß-fn¬ \n∂p≈ hnlnXw

14 a‰p-≈h

BsI

50

2

-]²Xn

t]mPIvSpIÄ

hÀ¡nwKv Kq¸v

AhØm hni-I-e-\w, Ìmäkv

dnt mÀ«vÌmäkvdnt¸mÀ«v

tÌ¡vtlmÄUÀ NÀ¨

Kma-k`

hnI-k\ tcJ(I-c- Sv)

]²Xn tcJ(I-c-Sv)

hnI-k\ skan-

\mÀ

hnI-k-\-tcJ

]²Xn tcJ

]²Xn Bkq-XW ]Inb

I½yq-Wnän ¹m³

AbÂk NÀ¨

]iv\ ]cn-lmchni-I-e\w

]mtZ-inIAhØmhni-I-e\w

skj≥ 10

]≤-Xn-tcJ Xøm-dm-°¬

]²-Xn-tcJ

• Bh-iy-I-X, ]m[m\yw• hÀ¡nwKv Kq¸p-I-fpsS ]¦v• D]-k-an-Xn-bpsS ]¦v• Ìmäkv dnt¸mÀ«v, hnI-k-\-tc-J, ]²-Xn-

tcJ þ _Ôw• hnI-k-\-tc-J, ]²-Xn-tcJ hyXymkw• t]mP-IvSp-IÄ (\n-ÝnX t^md-¯nÂ)• \nÀÆ-lW DtZym-K-Øsâ ]¦v

]²-Xn-tcJ X¿m-dm-t¡--Xv F§s\?

• ]²Xn tcJbpsS- LS\• \S-]-Sn-IÄ• ^ - v F³h-e¸ v X¿m -dm¡mw. -• t^mdw ]cn-N-b-s¸-SÂ þ A\p-_Ôw 7.1

]²XntcJ LS\

• amÀ¤-tcJ hmbn¡mw (t]Pv 68, 69, 70ImWpI)

\µn

51

skj≥ ˛ 111. hnjbw : KpW-t`m-‡m-°sf sXc-s™-Sp-°¬

2. e£yw (i) KpW-t`m-‡m-°sf Is≠-Øp∂ coXn hn-iZo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ Ign-

bpI.

(ii) XXz-߃, kvtImdnwKv coXn-Iƒ, A¿l-X, ap≥K-W\m am\-Z-

fi-߃ \S-]Sn Ia-߃ apX-em-bh hn-iZo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ Ign-

bpI.

3. kabw : 60 an\n‰v

4. thZn : -s]mXp thZn

5. D≈-S°hpw/]cn-io-e\coXnbpw

IaD≈S°w

kabw]T\coXn D]m[nIƒ

\º¿ (an\n‰v)

1. ss…Uv 1,2,3,4

(Im¿´q¨)

KpW-t`m‡r sXc-s™-Sp∏v ˛ A¿lXm

am\-Z-fi-߃, ap≥K-W\m am\-Z-fi-߃10 s_bn≥ tÃmanwKv

(Ip-dn∏v 1)

2. ss…Uv 4,5,6k¿°m¿ DØ-chv 218/2015/Xkz`h XobXn

3.7 .2015 KpW-t`m‡r sXc-s™-Sp∏v

Ab¬k` ˛ hm¿Uv hnI-k\ kanXn ˛

Kma-k` ˛ ]©m-bØv

10 ]¶m -fnØ Ah-X -

cWw (Ip-dn∏v 2)

3. ss…Uv 7

a m X r I m

t^mdw ˛ 2

kvtImdnwKv coXn-Iƒ, \S]Sn Ia-߃ apX-

em-bh35 Kq∏ v ]h¿Ø\w

(Ip-dn∏v 3)

4. ss…Uv 6kwib \nhm-cWw 5 N¿®

Ipdn¸v 1: KpW-t`màr sXc-sª-Sp¸v hmÀU-Sn-Øm-\-¯n hoXw sht¡---XÃmsb¶pw am\-Z-WvU-¯nâ Asn-Øm-\-¯n-em-I-W-sa¶pw DÅktµiw NÀ¨ \ÂIpI.

Ipdn¸v 2: k.D 218/15 X.-kz.- .h Xo¿Xn 3/7/2015 A\p-k-cn¨v ]pXnb coXn-bn-epÅKpW-t`màr sXc-sª-Sp¸v coXn hni-Zo-I-cn¨v sImSp-¡Ww.

Ipdn¸v 3: ASp- -Sp v Ccn-¡p¶ ]¦m-fn-Isf 3 t]c-S-§p¶ Kq¸p-I-fm¡n HmtcmKq¸n\pw Hcp t]mP-IvSnsâ ap³K-W\m am\-Z-Þ-§Ä¡pÅ amÀ¡v\ÂIm³Bh-iy-s -SpI (]¯v an\n-«v). AXv GsX-¦nepw Kq¸w-K-§Ä¹o\-d-bn Ah-X-cn-¸n¨v NÀ¨ sN¿p-I. hyXy-kvX-ambn amÀ¡n«p-f-f-hÀ Ds--¦n Ah-cp-tSbpw A`n-]mbw Bcm-bmw.

52

t^mdw ˛ 2

ap≥KW\m am\-Zfiw

s]mP-IvSns‚ t]cv:

e£yw:

I.\w am\-Z-fi-߃ am¿°v am¿°v \¬Im-\p≈

ImcWw

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

53

skj≥ 11

KpW-t`m-‡m-°sf sXc-s™-Sp-

°¬

AÀlXm am\-Z-Þ-§Ä

• amÀ¤ \nÀt±-i-§Ä¡-\p-k-cn¨v• \nÀÆ-lW DtZym-K-ØÀ \nÀt±-in-¡p¶p• ]©m-b¯v I½än NÀ¨ sNbvXv Xocp-am-

\n-¡p¶p.

ap³K-W\m am\-Z-Þ-§Ä

• Gähpw AÀl-cm-b-hsc Is- -¯m³• kpXm-cyX Dd-¸m-¡m³• ]©m-b-¯-Sn-Øm-\-¯n• imkvXo-b-am-Ip-¶-Xn\v

At]-£-IÄ kzoI-cn-¡p-¶Xv þ Kma-tIµw

KpW-t`m-àm-¡sf sXc-sª-Sp-¡Â

am\-Z-WvU-§-fpsS ASn-Øm-\-¯nÂ

Kma-tI-µw, s^kn-en-tä-äÀ ssI¸äv ckoXv\ÂIpI

sXm«-Sp¯ Znhkw ]©m-b¯v skI-«-dn¡v\ÂIpI

DtZym-K-ØÀ AÀlXm ]cn-tim-[\ \S-¯pI

At]-£-IÄ XncnsI s^kn-en-tä-äÀ¡v

kanXn ap³K-W\m am\-K-Þ-§Ä ]cn-tim-[n-¡p¶p

ip]mÀi-b-S¡w hmÀUv hnI-k\ kan-Xn¡v

hmÀUv hnI-k\ kanXn amÀ¡v \ÂIp¶p

54

\µn

\ap¡v ap³K-W\m am\-Z-Þ-§ÄXocp-am-\n¡mw t^mdw 2

amÀ¡nsâ ASn-Øm-\-¯n IcSv enÌv Kma-k-`-bn-te¡v

Kma-k`-bn \n¶v ]©m-b-¯n-te¡v

55

skj≥ ˛ 121. hnjbw : ]≤Xn \n¿∆-lW coXn-Iƒ

2. e£yw 1. Cu skjs‚ Ah-km\w ]cn-io-e\ ]¶m-fn-Iƒ°v

(i) hnhn-[ ]≤Xn \n¿∆-lW coXn-Iƒ hni-Zo-I-cn-°m≥ Ign-bpI

(ii) ]≤Xn \n¿∆-l-W-Øn¬ P\-]-Xn-\n-[n-bpsS DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-߃

hniZo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ Ignbp-I.

3. kabw : 40 an\n‰v

4. thZn : -s]mXp thZn

5. D≈-S°hpw/]cn-io-e\coXnbpw

IaD≈S°w

kabw]T\coXn D]m[nIƒ

\º¿ (an\n‰v)

1. ss…Uv 1]≤Xn \n¿∆-lW coXnIƒ ˛ BapJw 5 s _ b n ≥

tÃmanwKv(Ip-dn∏v 1)

2. ss…Uv 2\n¿∆-lW coXnIfpw \n_-‘-\-Ifpw 20 Ah-X-cWw(Ip-dn∏v 2)

3. ss…Uv 3_m[-I-amb \nba hyh-ÿ-Iƒ 5 Ah-X-cWw

4. ss…Uv 4\n¿∆-l-W-Øn\v P\-]-Xn-\n-[n-I-fpsS DØ-

c-hm-Zn-Ø-߃5 Ah-X-cWw

Ipdn∏v 1: GsX√mw coXn-bn-eq-sS-bmWv s]mP-IvSp-Iƒ \n¿∆-lWw \S-Øp-∂Xv F∂Xv

s_bn≥ tÃmanw-ßn-eqsS Is≠Øn Nm¿´n¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-ØpI

Ipdn∏v 2: AXn-\p-tijw \n¿∆-lWcoXn-Iƒ ss…Uv 2 s‚ klm-b-tØmsS lkz-

ambn hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-I.

4. ss…Uv 5kwib \nhm-cWw 5 N¿®

56

skj≥ 12

]≤Xn \n¿∆-lW coXn-Iƒ

_m[-I-amb \nba hyh-Ø-IÄ

• ]©m-b¯v/ ap\n-kn-¸m-enän• acm-a¯v N«-§Ä• s]mIypÀsaâ v am\z• ]²Xn Bkq-XW amÀ£-tcJ

P\-]-Xn-\n-[n-IÄ

• D¯-c-hm-Zn-¯-§Ä• klmb kwhn-[m-\-§Ä Hcp-¡pI• tamWn-ä-dnwKv

\µn

1. t\cn-«pÅ \nÀÆ-lWw2. KpW-t`màr kanXn aptJ\3. AwKo-IrX GP³kn-IÄ aptJ\4. AI-Un-äUv GP³kn-IÄ aptJ\5. Izt«-j³ (hm-§-ep-IÄ¡v)6. sS-À (]Wn-IÄ¡pw hm§-ep-IÄ¡pw)7. Ut¸m-knäv hÀ¡v (KWA, KSEB, KSHB,

GWD)8. kÀ¡mÀ Øm]-\-§-fn \n¶v (hm-§Â)9. KpW-t`m-àm-¡Ä aptJ-\ (hm-§Â)

57

skj≥ ˛ 131. hnjbw : ]≤Xn tamWn‰dnwKpw \n¿∆-lW Ie-≠dpw

2. e£yw 1. Cu skjs‚ Ah-km\w ]cn-io-e\ ]¶m-fn-Iƒ°v

(i) ]≤Xn tamWn-‰-‰nw-Kn¬ P\-]-Xn-\n-[n-bpsS DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-߃

hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpI

(ii) \n¿∆-lW Ie-≠¿ Xømdm°m≥ Ign-bpI

3. kabw : 45 an\n‰v

4. thZn : -s]mXp thZn

5. D≈-S°hpw/]cn-io-e\coXnbpw

IaD≈S°w

kabw]T\coXn D]m[nIƒ

\º¿ (an\n‰v)

1. ss…Uv 1,2tamWn-‰-dnwKv IΩn‰n ˛ LS\m DØ-c-hm-

Zn-Ø-߃10 Ah-X-cWw

2. ss…Uv 3,4\n¿∆-lW Ie-≠¿ ˛ Bh-iy-IX

]m[m\yw10 ]¶m-fnØ Ah-X-

cWw

3. ss…Uv 5

t^mdw ˛ 3

\n¿∆-lW Ie-≠¿ ˛ Xøm-dm-°¬ 20 Kq∏v ]h¿Ø\w

(Ip-dn∏v 1)

Ipdn∏v 1: (i) ]¶m-fn-Isf ]©m-bØv ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ Kq∏p-I-fm°n ]©m-b-

Øns‚ \n¿∆-lW Ie-≠¿ Xøm-dm-°m≥ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-I.

(ii) Ie-≠¿ Xøm-dm-°p-∂-Xn\v GsX-¶nepw 5t]mP-IvSp-Iƒ \n¿t±-in-°m-

hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

(iii) Hmtcm tamWn-‰-dnwKv IΩ-‰nbpw Ah¿°v Iogn¬ hcp∂ t]mP-IvSp-I-

fpsS kwbp‡ Ie-≠¿ Xøm-dm-°n-bm¬ \∂m-bn-cn-°pw.

(iv) \n¿∆-l-W- Ie-≠¿ t^m¿am‰v \¬Ip-I.CXn¬ amXrIm Ie-≠¿ Xøm-

dm-°phm≥ ]d-bp-I.

4. ss…Uv 6kwib \nhm-cWw 5 FAQ

58

t^

mdw

˛ 3

\n¿

∆-l

W I

e-≠

¿

h¿°

nwKv Kq∏

v: ...........................................

APR

MAY

JUN

JLY

AU

GSE

PO

CT

NO

VD

EC

JAN

FEB

MA

RI

.\t]

mP-I

vSns

‚

t]

cv

SO/

New

\n¿

∆-l

W

DtZym

-K-

ÿ≥

dna

m¿I

vkv

sN

tø

≠ ]

h¿Ø

-\-ß

ƒ

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

59

skj≥ 13

]≤Xn tamWn‰dnwKpw \n¿∆-lW

Ie-≠dpw

\nÀÆ-lW Ie-À Bh-iy-I-X,]m[m\yw

• \nÀÆ-lW Bkq-XWw• tamWn-ä-dnwKn\v• hne-bn-cp-¯Â \S-¯m³• tPmen-bpsS Afhv Adnbm³• \nÀÆ-lW KXn Adnbm³

\nÀÆ-lW Ie--À Bh-iy-I-X,]m[m\yw...

• kab _Ôn-X-amb \nÀh-l-W-¯n\v• ]iv\-§Ä AXmXv kabw ]cn-l-cn-¡m³• sa¨-s¸« kwLm-S-\-¯n\v• \S-]Sn Ia-§Ä ]men-¡-s¸-Sm-³

tamWn-ä-dnwKv I½nän

• LS\

• hÀ¡nwKv Kq¸v

• D¯-c-hm-Zn-¯-§Ä

\nÀÆ-lW Ie-À X¿m-dm-¡Â \µn

60

skj≥ ˛ 141. hnjbw : P\-]-Xn-\n[n DtZym-Kÿ _‘w

2. e£yw 1. Cu skjs‚ Ah-km\w ]cn-io-e\ ]¶m-fn-Iƒ°v

(i) P\]Xn-\n[n DtZym-Kÿ _‘w kw_-‘n® \nba- hyh-ÿ-

Iƒ hni-Zo-I-cn-°phm≥ Ign-bpI

(ii) ]©m-b-Øp-I-fnse hy‡n _‘-߃ kulm¿±-]-c-am-°m-

\p≈ LSI߃ hni-Zo-I-cn-°m≥ Ign-bpI

3. kabw : 45 an\n‰v

4. thZn : -s]mXp thZn

5. D≈-S°hpw/]cn-io-e\coXnbpw

IaD≈S°w

kabw]T\coXn D]m[nIƒ

\º¿ (an\n‰v)

1. hoU n tbm

¢n∏v ss…Uv

1,2,3am¿°¿

DtZym-Kÿ ˛ P\-]-Xn-\n[n _‘w

˛ hy‡n-_-‘-߃

19

h o U n t b m

sUtam¨kvtS-

j≥,N¿®, Ah-X-

cWw(Ip-dn-∏v 1)

2. ss…Uv 4,5]©m-bØv cmPv \nbaw (h-Ip-∏p-

Iƒ 181,185 A) DtZym-K-ÿ-cpsS ta¬

\nb-¥Ww

5 ]¶m-fnØ Ah-X-

cWw (Ipdn∏v 2)

3. ss…Uv 6P\-]-Xn-\n[n ˛ DtZym-Kÿ _‘w

N -߃

510

\nb-¥nX hmb-\,

]¶m-fnØ Ah-X-

cWw(Ipdn∏v 3)

Ipdn∏v 1 (i) DtZym-Kÿ ˛ P\-]-Xn-\n[n _‘w kw_-‘n® hoUntbm ^nenw

]Z¿in∏n-°pI, ]Xn-I-cWw Bcm-bp-I.

(ii) ]cn-io-e\ ]¶m-fn-I-fpsS ]Xn-I-c-W-ß-ƒ ssh‰v t_m¿Un¬ tcJ-s∏-

Sp-ØpI. tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øptºmƒ hy‡n _‘-ß-fp-ambn _‘-s∏´ Imcy-

߃°v IqSp-X¬ Du∂¬ \¬Im≥ i≤n-°pI As√-¶n¬ AXn-te°v

hcp-Øp-hm≥ ]tXyIw i≤n-°p-I. (A`n-t\-Xm-°-fpsS t]cn-\-√, ]kn-

U≠pw, skI- -dnbpw XΩn-ep≈ kw`m-jW ssienbv°mWv ]m[m\yw

sImSp-t°-≠-Xv).

5. ss…Uv 9kwib \nhm-cWw 5

4. ss…Uv 7,8

N m ¿ ´ v

am¿°¿

hy‡n _‘-߃ Fßs\ sa®-s∏-

SpØmw?

10 s _ b n ≥

tÃmanwKv, ]¶m-

fnØ Ah-X-cWw

61

Ipdn∏v 2 (i) ]©m-bØv cmPv \nbaw 181,185 AhIp-∏p-Iƒ hy‡n _‘-ß-fpsS ]›m-

X-e-Øn¬ hni-Zo-I-cn-°pI. ]bvXpX \nba hyh-ÿ-bnepw hy‡n-_-

‘-ß-fpsS ]m[m\yw hni-Z-am-°p-I.

Ipdn∏v 3 (i) P\]Xn-\n[n DtZym-Kÿ_‘w N´-߃ 2007 hmbn-°m≥ ]d-bp-I.

hmb\ ]cn-t]m-jn-∏n-°p-I. hmb-\°p tijw a\- n-em-°nb Imcy-߃

tNmZn®v t_m¿Un¬ Fgp-Xp-I. AXn\p tijw ss…Uv ImWn-°p-I.

N´-߃ hy‡n _‘ß-fpsS ]m›m-X-e-Øn¬ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-I.

_m[-I-amb \nb-a-߃ N´-߃

1. tIcf ]©m-bØv cmPv BIvSv. 185 A, 181

2. tIcf ]©m-bØv cmPv (sX-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏´ A[n-Im-cn-Ifpw DtZym-K-ÿcpw XΩn-

ep≈ sXmgn¬ ]c-amb _‘w) N´-߃

3. tIcf ]©m-bØv cmPv (D-tZym-K-ÿ-cpsS ta¬ \nb-¥-Ww) N´-߃

• hIp∏v 181

1. ]©m-b-Øn¬ ssIam-dp∂ ÿm]-\-ß-fp-sSbpw Poh-\-°m-cp-sSbpw ]q¿Æ \nb-

¥Ww ]©m-b-Øn\v

2. hn´p In´nb Poh-\-°m¿ Ah-cpsS km[m-cW Npa-X-e-Iƒ ]pdsa ]©m-bØv

G¬∏n®v sImSp-°p∂ Npa-X-e-Iƒ \n¿∆-ln-°Ww

3. Ch-cpsS iºfw ]©m-bØv ]m]vX-am-Ip-∂Xv hsc k¿°m¿ \¬IWw

• hIp∏v 185 A

]c-kv]cw ]cp-j-amb `mjbpw BKy-ßfpw ]hr-Øn-Ifpw ]q¿Æ-ambn Hgn-hm-

°-Ww. hm°m¬ \¬Ip∂ \n¿t±iw \S-∏n-em-°p-∂-Xn\v apºv tcJm-aqew ÿnXo-

I-cn-°-Ww.

• 2007 se tIcf ]©m-bØv cmPv (Xnc-s™-Sp-°-s∏´ A[n-Im-cn-Ifpw D-tZym-K-

ÿ-amcpw XΩn-ep≈ sXmgn¬ ]c-amb _‘hpw s]cp-am-‰hpw) N´-߃

1. Poh-\-°m-cpw P\-]-Xn-\n-[n-Ifpw kulr-Z-]-c-amb kl-h¿ØnØw ]pe¿ØWw

2. \nba]c-amb ]cn-[n-Iƒ ewLn-°-cpXv

1. hm°m¬ \¬Ip∂ \n¿t±iw \S-∏n-em-t°-≠-Xn\v apºv tcJm-aqew ÿnXo-I-cn-

t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

2. DtZym-K-ÿ≥ P\-]-Xn-\n[n Bh-iy-s∏-Sp∂ HutZym-KoI hnhcw \¬tI-≠-Xm-

Wv.

62

3. Ãym‰yq- dn A[n-Im-c-߃ \n¿∆-ln-°p-∂-Xn¬ P\-]-Xn-\n[n CS-s]-Sm≥ ]mSn√

4. s]cp-am-‰-ß-fn¬ am\yX ]men-°Ww

5. P\-]-Xn\n[n hnfn®v Iq´p∂ tbmK-ß-fn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°-Ww.

6. DtZym-K-ÿs\ kzm[o-\n-°m≥ P\-]-Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ ian-°-cpXv

7. Bh-iy-amb D]-tZiw \¬Im≥ _m[y-ÿ-\m-Wv. sX‰mb D]-tZiw \¬Ip-

∂Xv aqew D≠mb sX‰mb Xocp-am-\-߃°pw \S-]-Sn-Iƒ°pw IjvS-\-jvS-

߃°pw P\-]-Xn-\n[n°v ]pdsa DtZym-K-ÿ\pw DØ-c-hm-Zn-bm-bn-cn-°-Ww.

8. ]©m-b-Øn-t\mSpw P\-]-Xn-I-tfmSpw ]Xn-_-‘≤ thWw

9. s]cp-am‰ N´-ß-fpsS ewL\w D≠m-bm¬ Hmw_p-Uvkvam\v apºmsI ]cm-Xn-

s∏-Smw.

• hy‡n _‘-߃

1. hyXy-kvX-amb hy‡n-Xz-߃

2. hyXy-ÿ-amb Xm¬]-cy-ßfpw e£y-ßfpw

3. ]c-kv]c _lp-am-\-an-√mbva

4. sX‰mb ap≥hn-[n-Iƒ, e`y-amIp∂ sX‰mb hnh-c-߃

5. sX‰mb at\m-`mhw

6. Inbm-fl-I-a-√mØ \ne-]m-Sp-Iƒ

7. IpSp-X¬ Imc-W-߃ ]cn-io-e\ ]¶m-fn-I-fpsS Kq∏v N¿®bn¬ \n∂v/ s_bn≥

kvtSmanw-Kn¬ \n∂v Dcn-Øn-cn-™v hcp-∂Xv enÃv sNøpI

Ipdn∏v 4

• \nhm-cW /\nb-¥W am¿§-߃

1. \s√mcp tim[m-hm-IpI

2. A\y-cpsS kzIm-cy-X-bn¬ CS-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°pI

3. a‰p-≈-h-cp-ambn XmXmflyw ]m]n-°pI

4. hkvXp-X-Isf ]iv\ tIµo-Ir-X-ambn kao-]n-°pI

5. ]iv\-ß-fpsS aqe-Im-cWw Is≠-ØpI

6. IpSp-X¬ Imc-W-߃ ]cn-io-e\ ]¶m-fn-I-fpsS Kq∏v N¿®bn¬ \n∂v/ s_bn≥

kvtSmanw-Kn¬ \n∂v Dcn-Øn-cn-™v hcp-∂Xv enÃv sNøpI

63

• tPmen-ÿ-esØ kwL¿j-߃ \nb-¥n-°pI

1. IrXy-amb CS-sh-f-I-fn¬ tbmK-߃ hnfn®p tN¿°pI

2. tPmen-bpsS coXnbpw DØ-c-hm-Zn-Øhpw hy‡-am°n sImSp-°pI

3. ]c-ky-ambn izmkn-°m-Xn-cn-°pI

4. ap≥hn[n Hgn-hm-°p-I, \oXn-bp-‡-ambn s]cp-am-dp-I.

5. IpSp-X¬ Sn∏p-Iƒ ]cn-io-e\ ]¶m-fn-I-fpsS Kq∏v N¿®/ s_bn≥ kvtSmanw-

Kn¬ \n∂pw Dcn-Øn-cn-™v hcp-∂-Xv enÃv sNøp-I.

64

skj≥ 14

P\-]-Xn-\n[n DtZym-Kÿ _‘w

hyàn _Ô-§Ä

• hyXy-Ø-amb hyàn-Xz-§Ä• hyXy-Ø-amb XmXv]-cy-§Ä• ]c-kv]c _lp-am-\-an-Ãmbva• ap³hn-[n-IÄ• sXämb hnh-c-§Ä• sXämb at\m-`mhw• Inbm-ß-I-hpw Btcm-Ky-I-c-hp-a-Ãm¯

\ne-]m-Sp-IÄ

DtZym-KØ \nb-´Ww\nba hyh-Ø-IÄ

hIp¸v 181• A\p-_Ô Øm]-\-§Ä þ ]qÀ® \nb-´Ww ]©m-b-¯n\v þ ]©m-b¯v G¸n-¡p¶ Npa-X-e-IÄ þ i¼fw kwØm\ kÀ¡mÀ \ÂIp¶p

DtZym-KØ P\-]-Xn-\n[n _ÔwC§s\ Bbmtem?

Hcp ]©m-b-¯nse Zriyw ImWpI

DtZym-KØ \nb-´Ww\nba hyh-Ø-IÄ

hIp¸v 185 F• ]cp-j-amb Bib hn\n-abw Hgn-hm-¡pI• tcJm-aqew Ønco-I-cWw

P\-]-Xn-\n[n þ DtZym-KØ _ÔwN«-§Ä, 2007• kulr-Z-]-c-amb kl-hÀ¯nXzw• ]cn-[n-IÄ ewLn-¡-cpXv• tcJm-aqew Ønco-I-cWw• Hut±ym-KnI hnhcw \ÂI• Ìmäyq-«dn Npa-X-e-I-fn CS-s]-SÂ

]mSnÕ am\y-amb s]cpamäw• tbmK-§-fn ]s¦-Sp-¡Â• \nb-am-\p-krX Xocp-am-\-§Ä \S-¸n-em-

¡Â

65

\µn

P\-]-Xn-\n[n þ DtZym-KØ _ÔwF§s\ sa¨-s¸-Sp¯mw?

• \sÃmcp tim[m-hm-IpI• A\y-cpsS kzIm-cy-X-bn CS-s¸-Sm-Xn-cn-

¡pI• aäp-Å-h-cp-ambn XmXmßyw ]m]n-¡pI• hkvXp-X-Isf ]iv\ tIµo-Ir-X-ambn kao-]n-¡pI• ]iv\-§-fpsS aqe-Im-cWw Is--¯pI

P\-]-Xn-\n[n þ DtZym-KØ _ÔwF§s\ sa¨-s¸-Sp¯mw?...

• IrXy-ambn tbmK-§Ä hnfn¡pI• tPmen-bpsS coXnbpw D¯-c-hm-Zn-¯hpw

hyàam-¡pI• ]c-ky-ambn izmkn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡pI• ap³hn[n Hgn-hm-¡p-I• \oXn-bp-à-ambpw kulmÀZ-]-c-ambpw

s]cp-am-dp-I.• ]Z-hnsb AwKo-I-cn-¡pI.

66

skj≥ ˛ 151. hnjbw : t]mÃv sSÃv

2. e£yw Cu skjs‚ Ah-km\w ]cn-io-e\ ]¶m-fn-Iƒ°v:˛ c≠p

Znhkw sIm≠v B¿÷n® Adn-hp-IfptSbpw Bi-b-ß-fp-

tSbpw aqey-\n¿Æ-bw.

3. kabw : 15 an\n‰v

4. thZn : -s]mXp thZn

5. D≈-S°hpw/]cn-io-e\coXnbpw

IaD≈S°w

kabw]T\coXn D]m[nIƒ

\º¿ (an\n‰v)

1. ]≤Xn Bkq- XWw kw_-‘n -®p≈

hnhn[ hnj-b-ßsf B[m-c-am°n Xøm-dm-

°nb 30 tNmZy-ß-fpsS t]mÃv sSÃv

15 tNmZyw ˛ tNmZy-t]-

∏¿, DØ-c -t] -∏¿

\¬In-bn-´p≈ coXn

(Ip-dn∏v i, ii, iii)

Ipdn∏v 1 : (i) t\csØ Xøm-dm-°nb 25 tNmZy-ß-fpsS tNmZy-t]-∏¿ Kq∏n¬ \¬Ip-

∂p.

(Ii) DØcw Fgp-Xn-b-Xn-\p-tijw DØ-c-t]-∏¿ kl-]m-Tn-I-sf-sIm-≠p-Xs∂

\n¿Æbw \S-Øp-∂p. Bb-Xn-tebv°v icn-bp-Ø-c-Øns‚ ss…Uv

]Z¿in-∏n-°p-I.

(iiI)Hcp tNmZy-Øn\v 1 am¿°v ˛ ]IpXn icn-bmb DØ-c-߃°v am¿°v

C√.

67

tIcf C≥Ãn-‰yq v Hm v tem°¬ AUvan-\n-kvtS-j≥

apf-¶p-∂-Øp-Im-hv, Xriq¿ ˛ 680 581

Xt±-i-kz-bw- cW ÿm]-\-Øns‚ hnI-k\ ]≤Xncq]o-

IcWw ˛ ZznZn\ ]cn-io-e\w

t^mdw 2 :t]mÃv sSÃv

kabw: 15an\n‰v

(tNmZy-mhen)

1 Bkq-XW ]In-b-bnse taJem hn`P-\-߃ GsX√mw?

D D¬]m-Z\w, tkh\w, ]›m-Øew

2 ]¥≠mw ]©-h-’c ]≤Xn Ime-b-fhv GXv?

D 2012 ˛ 2017

3 Kma-k-`-bnse AwK-߃ Bsc√mw?

D thm´¿ ]´n-I-bn¬ t]cp-≈-h¿

4 ]men-tb-‰ohv sIb¿ t]mP-IvSn\v Fkv.-kn.Fkv.]n/Sn.-Fkv.]n ^≠p-Iƒ hIbn-cp-

Ømtam?

D ]mSn√

5 Kma ]©m-b-Øp-Iƒ°v ]›m-Øe taJ-e-bv°mbn FX iX-am\w XpI ]c-am-h[n

\o°n-hbv°mw?

D 45%

6 tImf-\n-bn-te-°p≈ \S-∏mX \n¿Ωm-W-Øn\v ]´n-I-h¿§ ]≤Xn hnlnXw hI-bn-cp-

Ømtam?

D hI-bn-cpØmw

7 Fkv.-kn..-F-kv.]n (TSP) t]mP-IvSp-I-fpsS \n¿∆-lW \nco-£W IΩ-‰n-bnse AwK-

߃ Bsc√mw?

D Xt±-i-`-cW ÿm]-\-Ønse Fkv. kn/ Fkv.Sn AwK-߃

8 πm≥ tIm¿Un-t\-‰sd \n›-bn-°p-∂-Xmcv?

D ]©m-bØv

9 h¿°nwKv Kq∏ns‚ AwK kwJy FX?

D 17

68

10 Ãm‰kv dnt∏m¿´v Xøm-dm-t°-≠Xv Bcv?

D h¿°nwKv Kq∏v I¨ho-\¿

11 hnI-k-\-tcJ Xøm-dm-t°-≠Xv Bcv? Ft∏mƒ?

D D]kan-Xn, ]©-h-’c ]≤Xn Bcw` h¿jw

12 ]©m-b-Øp-I-fnse \n¿ΩmW ]h¿Øn-I-fpsS FÃnta‰v Xøm-dm-°p∂ tkm^v‰v shb¿

GXv?

D kpKa

13 t]mPIvSv tamWn-‰-dnwKv \n¿∆-ln-t°-≠Xv Bcv?

D h¿°nwKv Kq∏p-Iƒ

14 Pn√m Bkq-XW kan-Xn-bpsS saº¿ skI-´dn Bcv?

D Pn√m If-IvS¿

15 Fkv.-kn.Fkv.]n/Sn.F-kv.]n ≠n¬ \n∂pw bphP\ hnI-k\ ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ°mbn hI-

bn-cp-tØ≠ XpI FX- i-X-am\w?

D 10 %

16 ]´n-I-PmXn/ ]´n-I-h¿§ hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ°v F≥S≥kv tIm®nwKn\v [\-k-lmbw

\¬Imtam?

D \¬Imw

17 s]mXp-hn-`mKw hnI-k\ ^≠v taJem hn`P\w \S-tØ-≠Xv samØw XpI-bpsS ASn-

ÿ-m-\-Øn-emtWm?

D A√, h\nXm ]≤-Xnbv°v 10 % Dw hr≤¿/hnI-emwK ]≤-Xnbv°v 5% Dw Ign-®p≈ XpI

18 A\n-hmcy kµ¿`ß-fn¬ ]kn-U‚n\v GsXmcp h¿°nwKv Kq∏n-s‚bpw sNb¿am≥

ÿm\w hln-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. (i-cntbm/sXt‰m)?

D icn

19 kv]n¬ Hmh¿ t]mP-IvSp-Iƒ \n¿∆-lWw XpS-cp-∂-Xn\v Un.-]n.kn bpsS ap≥Iq¿ A\p-

aXn tXtS-≠-Xpt≠m?

D C√. `cW kanXn Xocp-am\w aXn

20 ]≤-Xnbv°v A¥na cq]w \¬Ip-∂-Xn¬ Ãnb-dnwKv IΩ-‰n°v ]¶pt≠m?

D D≠v

69

tIcf C≥Ãn-‰yq v Hm v tem°¬ AUvan-\n-kvtS-j≥

apf-¶p-∂-Øp-Im-hv, Xriq¿-680 581

Xt±-i-kz-bw- cW ÿm]-\-Øns‚ hnI-k\ ]≤Xncq]o-IcWw ˛

ZznZn\ ]cn-io-e\w

]cn-io-e\ hne-bn-cp-Øp-∂-Xn-\p≈ t^mdw

1. ]cn-io-e\ XobXn :

2. s]mXp-hn-h-c-߃ (1 apX¬ 10 hsc am¿°p \¬Imw. G‰hpw tami-sa-¶n¬ Hcp

am¿°pw G‰hpw \√-sX-¶n¬ 10 am¿°pw CSp-I)

skj≥ 1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

skj≥ 2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

skj≥ 3

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

skj≥ 4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

skj≥ 5

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

skj≥ 6

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

skj≥ 7

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

skj≥ 8

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

skj≥ 9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

70

skj≥ 10

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

skj≥ 11

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

skj≥ 12

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

skj≥ 13

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

skj≥ 14

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

skj≥ 1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

skj≥ 15

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

a‰p \n¿t±-i-߃

71

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73

Kerala Institute of Local AdministrationMulamkunnathukavu, Thrissur -680 581

Local Self Government Institution’s DevelopmentList of By-Standers

Training Period : From....................... To.......................Name of the Partici-

pantsName of By –

StandersRelationship with the

ParticipantSignature

74

sN°v enÃv

skj≥ 2 ]o sSÃv 50 sk°‚ v tNmZym-hen Xøm-dm-°n-bn-cn-°-Ww,

tNmZym-hen XncnsI hmßWw

skj≥ 3 A[n-Im-c-hn -tI-µo-I-

cWw tIc-f-Øn¬

]¶m-fn-Isf 6 Kq∏mbn Xncn-®-Xn-\p-tijw tIkv ÃUn

Xøm-dm-°n-bXv Hmtcm Kq∏n\pw \¬Ip-I

skj≥ 4 ]¶m-fnØ Bkq-XW

]Inb

h¿°nwKv Kq∏v F¥n\v F∂Xv t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øm\m-

bp≈ S∆¬ sKbn-an\v t\csØ Xøm-dm-°n-sh® S∆¬

tÃPn\v ap∂n-embn Hcp Itk-c-bn¬ Xøm-dm°n

AXn¬ CSp-I.

skj≥ 5 h¿°nwKv Kq∏v • 4 h¿°nwKv Kq∏p-I-fn-te°v t\csØ sXt‰m-Sp-IqSn

Xøm-dm-°n-sh® t\man-t\-j-\p-Iƒ \¬Ip-I.

Hmtcm Kq∏n-\pw, sN°v enÃv klnXw sImSpØv

sX‰p-Iƒ I≠p-]n-Sn®v Xncp-Øm≥ Bh-iy-s∏-S-

Ww.

skj≥ 6 Ãm‰kv dnt∏m¿´v Xøm-

dm-°¬

Bkq-XW ]In-b-bn¬ Ãm‰kv dnt∏m¿´v F¥m-

sW∂v a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ s_bn≥tÃm-anw-

KneqsS Is≠-Ønb t]mk-‰ohv A`n-]m-b-߃°v

]m[m\yw \¬In Nm¿´n¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-ØpI ˛ CXn-

\mbn Nm¿´v t\csØ \¬I-Ww.

skj≥ 7 hnI-\ktcJ Xøm-dm-

°¬

]¶m-fn-Isf ]Øv Kq∏m°n ]¶m-fnØ B-kq-XWw

ssI∏p-kvXIw A≤ymbw 2 hmbn-°m≥ \n¿t±-in-°-

Ww.CXn-\mbn ssI∏pkvXIw Xøm-dm-°n-bXv \¬I-

Ww.

skj≥ 8 Bkq- XW Kma/

hm¿Uvk`

• ]cn-io-e\ ]¶m-fn-Isf 7 Kq∏m-°n, t]cv \¬In ˛

]cn-io-e-\m¿∞n-Ifn¬ 2 t]sc sIm≠v Izn v

t]mKmw \S-Øm≥ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-I

• a’-c-Øn¬ hnP-bn-°p∂ Sow AwK-߃°v t]\/

]pkvXIw kΩm-\-ambn \¬Im-hp-∂Xpw BWv.

skj≥ 9 A b ¬ k ` / h m ¿ U v

hnI -k\ kanXn/

tkmhm - Kmw - ˛ - Km -a -

tIµw/hm¿UvtIµw

Kma-k-`Iƒ im‡o-I-cn-°p∂ ]h¿Ø-\-߃°v

\nZm-\-amb DØ-c-hp-I-fpsS tIm∏n/ssk‰v AU v

]TnXm-°ƒ°v \¬Ip-I.CXn-\mbn tIm∏n Xøm-dm°n

shbv°p-Itbm/ssk‰v sFUn kvIo\n¬ ImWn-°p-

Itbm sNømw.

skj≥ 10 ]≤-Xn -tcJ Xøm-dm -

°¬

t\csØ Xncn®v h® Kq∏ns\ D]-tbm-Kn®v Hcp tamIv

]©m-bØv krjvSn®v 5 h¿j-tØ-°p≈ F≥h-e∏v

Xøm-dm-°p-hm≥ kqNn-∏n-°p-I. CXn-\mbn F≥hev∏v

t^mw, ^≠ns‚ e`yX F∂nh \¬I-Ww.

75

Ipdn∏v 3 F≥h-e∏v Xøm-dm-°m≥ am¿£-tcJ 68, 69, 70 t]Pp-

Iƒ hmbn-°m≥ \n¿t±iw \¬Ip-I. CXn-\mbn

t^mdw I D]-tbm-Kn-°mw. CXv t\csØ tIm∏n

FSpØv \¬tI-≠-Xm-Wv.

skj≥ 11 K pW - t` m -‡m -°sf

Is≠-ج

KpW-t`m‡r sXc-s™-Sp∏v coXn hni-Zo-I-cn-°m≥

Ipdn∏v 2 ¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ k¿°m¿ DØ-chv 218/

15/Xkz-`h XoøXn 3.7.2015 tIm∏n FSpØv Ipdn∏v 3

¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ ap≥K-W\m am\-ZWvUw \n›-bn-

°m-\p≈ am¿°v \¬Ip-∂-Xn-\p≈ t^mdw 2 5 Kq∏v

D≠m°n Hmtcm Kq∏n\pw t^mdw \¬I-Ww.

skj≥ 12 ]≤Xn \n¿∆-lWw t]mP-IvSp-Iƒ \n¿∆-lWw \S-Øp-∂Xv s_bn≥tÃm-

anw-Kn-eqsS I≠Øn Nm¿´n¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn\v

Nm¿´v \¬I-Ww.\n¿∆-lW coXn N¿® sNøm≥ Ah-

kcw \¬In Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\m-h-iy-amb doUnwKv

sa‰o-cn-b¬ Xøm-dm°n shbvt°-≠XmWv.

skj≥ 13 ]≤Xn tamWn-‰-dnwKv 5 Kq∏n\v \n¿∆-lW Ie-≠¿ Xøm-dm-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈

Ie-≠¿ t^m¿am‰v \¬I-Ww.

skj≥ 14 P\-]-Xn -\n[n DtZym-

Kÿ _‘w

hoUntbm Zriyw, ssh‰v t_m¿Uv, tIcf ]©m-bØv

cmPv N´-߃ ˛ P\-]-Xn-\n[n DtZym-Kÿ _‘w N´-

߃ (1997 & 2007 ]I¿∏v)

skj≥ 15 t]mÃv sSÃv 50 sk‰v tNmZym-hen Xøm-dm°n \¬I-Ww. \n›nX

ka-b-Øn-\Iw tNmZym-hen Xncn-®p -hm-ßn-°-Ww.

76

tIm˛Hm¿Un-t\-‰¿ ssIhiw Icp-tX-≠h

1. samUyqƒ 1 sk‰v

2. ]h¿ t]mbn‚ v kn.Un 1 FÆw

3. ssh‰v t_m¿Uv am¿°¿ 5 FÆw

4. Nm¿´v t]∏¿ 50 FÆw

5. t]mKmw sjUyqƒ 40 FÆw

6. ^m°¬´n A‰‚≥kv jo‰v

7. sSbn-\okv A‰‚≥kv jo‰v 2 FÆw (1 jo‰v ˛ tbmK)

8. ^m°¬´n hne-bn-cp-ج t^mdw

9. skj≥ hnen-bn-cp-ج t^mdw 40 FÆw

10. Sn.F s¢bnw t^mdw

XncnsI hmtß-≠h

1. tIcf ]©m-bØv cmPv BIvSv (thm-fn. 1 & 2)

2. ]o sSÃv, t]mÃv sSÃv tNmZy-ß-fpw, DØc IS-emkpw

3. ]cn-io-eI hne-bn-cp-ج t^mdw

4. eoU¿ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p∂ dnt∏m¿´v

5. I¿Ω-]-cn-]mSn t^mdw ]qcn-∏n-®Xv

NB:

1. _m\¿ Dd∏v hcp-ØpI.

2. ]cn-io-e-\sØ kw_-‘n-®p≈ \nb-a-߃ Nm¿´n¬ ]Z¿in-∏n-°Ww (7 Znh-

k-hpw).

3. AXXv Znhkw ]cn-io-e\ ]¶m-fn-I-fn¬ \n∂p≈ hne-bn-cp-ج t^mdØnse

icm-icn kvtIm¿ Sbn-\¿ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ Xn´-s∏-SpØn tImgvkv Ub-d-

IvS¿°v \¬IWw.

4. tImgvkv tIm¿Un-t\-‰¿ Xøm-dm-°p∂ skj≥ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ hne-bn-cp-ج

t^mdw ]qcn-∏n®v tImgvkv Ub-d-IvS¿°v \¬IWw.