Weld Repire

8/3/2019 Weld Repire

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WELD REPAIR

PROCEDURES Of BOILERCOMPONENTS

S.SINGARAVELU

SENIOR MANAGER

WELDING TECHNOLOGY CENTRE


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INTRODUCTION

Repair and maintenance of parts and

components is a major activity in any

process industry.

Repair welding can be carried out as a

logical procedure that ensures the part is

usable and safe.


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INTRODUCTION

Boilers are constructed in accordance to arecognized code and established fabrication

and welding practice. IBR

ASME

If repairs are done with proper care orprecautions, it can avoid premature failuresand result in satisfied customers


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WHY REPAIR WELDING IS

CARRIED OUTa. If there is an unacceptable defect

existing in the weld region of thecomponent in service.

b. If there is an imperfection in thebase material which when left in

its place may impair the normalfunction of the component.

c. Leads to failure if unattended.


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REPAIR WELDING

1. Base material repair welding

2. Weld repair

a) SPOT Repair

b) Replacement of Joint (CUT & WELD)

- With addition of Spool Piece- Without addition of Spool Piece


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BASIC REQUIREMENTS OF

REPAIR WELDING

Better quality than the original weld.

Requires more care than original weld.

(Since it may introduce more defects

during repair)


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PROBLEMS ASSOCIATEDWITH REPAIR WELDING

Incomplete removal of defect.

Introduction of new defect due to improper

procedure, consumables, techniques.

Microstructure, material or toughness degradation consumable, base material, HAZ crack. (Process

Heat input)

Residual stress and distortion. Unfavorable environmental conditions that are

beyond control of welder, eg. Poor accessibility,

position, wind, rain, fit-up conditions.


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Select

Process

Welder

Consumable

Preheating arrangements

Equipments

Carryout weld repair

Conduct NDT & Certify

Record the above activities


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APPROACH TO WELD

REPAIRI. Establishing the cause of the initial

weld defect:-Before attempting for a weld

repair, know the cause and type of the

weld defect already available, process

and welder to be employed and other

details related to the defect


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II. Selection of welder

Use only IBR qualified welder for Pr partweld repair.

Check

Validity

Material qualified

Position

Thickness qualified

Diameter

Process

Job configuration

Genuinity of the certificate


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Apart from verification of the certificate we

can arrange for a mock up test for the

welder & ascertain the suitability of thewelder.


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Do not attempt any welding if it is

possible to avoid by resorting to dressing

technique for defects like undercuts,notches which could be ground without

affecting the performance of the

components.

III. Avoid welding wherever possible:-


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To remove the defect positively

and properly, ensure the detection of the

location of the defect by using properNDE method and mark it correctly.

IV. Ensure the correct location of defect:-


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DEFECT LOCATION

Visual inspection

Evaluation by NDT


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Excavate a smooth and clean well

shaped cavity for better accessibility byemploying air arc gouging, grinding or

machining.

V. Make clean and smoothsurface for welding:-


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DEFECT REMOVAL

Carbon-arc gouging

Chipping

Grinding Machining.

Flame cutting is not recommended due to the

high heat input. When carbon-arc is used thetemperature of the base metal should be at

least 212 F (100 C).


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DEFECT REMOVAL

Defect be completely removed to sound

metal.

Free from cracks, shrinkage or porosity.

Use of magnetic-particle or dye-penetrant

inspection of the cavity is strongly

recommended.


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Undercut


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Surface Porosity & Slag


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10 mm

Internal Porosity


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Pin-hole Porosity


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Start Stop Porosity


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10 mm

Worm-Hole Porosity


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Slag Inclusion


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Solidification Cracking


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Cold Cracking (Under bead cracking)

0.5 mm

High cooling rate

Inclusions


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Cold Cracking (Under bead cracking)

0.2 m

High cooling rate

Inclusions


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GOUGING

Diameter of electrodes 4-19 mm

Extension from the holder 150 mm.

Turn on the air jet.

Air blast behind the electrode.

Electrode holder is held slanted.

Done in all positions.


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GOUGING

Vertical Position-Downward direction.

Horizontal -Left to right or Right to Left.

Over Head- Electrode is held parallel to theholder.

Small push angle & low travel speed

Deep narrow groove. Large push angle & High travel speed

Wide shallow groove.


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GOUGING

Groove Width = Rod Diameter+3 mm.

For Wider Groove do weaving.

Grind 1.60 mm to remove the carburised

layer.

For dia. 9.5 mm electrode use 350-600

amps.

Type of Groove : U or V.


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After the removal of defect by

the above method ensure complete

removal by again conducting anNDE.

VI. Ensure complete removal of defect:-


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Avoid introducing new defects by

taking extreme care and precautions

while welding by employing proper and

skilled welder, good fit-up, good welding

conditions, techniques, consumables etc.

Use preferably flat position welding

wherever possible.

VII. Avoid new defects:-


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There is possibility of degradation

of the material in micro-structure ormechanical properties (Strength,

Toughness) by employing improper filler

wire, HAZ crack, process (Increase inheat input) etc.

VIII. Micro-structure, material or toughness

degradation:-


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Due to additional welding and heat

input, the residual stress may be

increased, which may result in distortion.

IX. Residual Stresses and Distortion:-


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The conditions available for repair

welding may be unfavorable viz. Poor

accessibility, Awkward position, wind,

rain, poor fit-up conditions etc.

X. Unfavorable Environmental condition:-


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Precise control of heat input during

welding viz. Preheat, Postheat, during

welding and stress relieving afterwelding will control the distortion of the

components.

XI. Control the heat input:-


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Perform final NDE and evaluate.

Ensure that the repair welding carried out

is sound and defect free.

XII. Final NDE:-


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WELDING PROCESS

There are many welding processes availabletoday, from completely automatic

"electroslag" processes to semi- automatic"Metal-Inert-Gas" (MIG) process.

In this procedure the "Shielded-Metal-Arc-Welding" (SMAW) & GAS TUNGSTON ARC

WELDING (GTAW) process will beconsidered .


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MMAWProcess Capabilities:

Versatile process

Indoor & Outdoor welding

Multi-position welding Equipment is simple & portable

Universal process for repair welding

Limitations:

Productivity is less

Fixed length of electrode

Deslaging


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SHIELDING

FLUX

>>

>> Provides slag blanket

>> Alloying element will improve the

mechanical properties

>> Gives good appearance & penetration

>> Welding in all position is easy

>> Compensates for oxidation loss


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Basic Electrodes:

> Adequate penetration

> Slag removal is good

> Contains more iron powder> Good mechanical Properties


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GTAW

a. Torch

b. Electrode

c. Welding power source

d. Shielding gas


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GTAW


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GTAW TORCH


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WELDING CURRENT

SMAW process is usually DC Positive(Reverse Polarity).

Any type of welding current generatorsmay be used. Most welding machineshave "rectifiers" with a capacity of at

least 400 amps and a 100% duty-cycle.


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Electrodes

Only low-hydrogen electrodes should be usedfor this process.

In the AWS Classification the approvedelectrodes would be: EXX15, EXX16, andEXX18.

It is important to keep these electrodesmoisture-free after removing from thecontainer. They should be stored in an ovenat 250 F (120 C) and used within one (1)hour after removal.


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Techniques

The bead should be of the "stringer" type.Heat input should always be kept as low as ispractical.

The welding pass sequence should beselected with the idea of keeping weldingstresses to a minimum.

The welding sequence passes should beseparated as much as is practical.

Interpass should be kept low by the use ofsmall-diameter electrodes and low weldingcurrent.


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WELDING PARAMETERS

Selection of the proper electrode for theparticular base metal to be repaired

Establishment of the correct preheattemperature to (a) maintain a low hardness inthe Heat-Affected-Zone (HAZ) and (b)minimize welding stresses

Suitable interpass temperature to reduce theeffects of heating and cooling on thecomponents.


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Parameters

Selection of the proper electrode is based onthe composition and mechanical properties ofthe metal to be welded.

The composition of welding electrodescontains the same alloys i.e. manganese,nickel, chromium, molybdenum andvanadium.

The carbon and silicon contents are lowerthan the base metal.

Alloy content of the rod must be higher toachieve the same mechanical properties.


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WPS Welding Procedure Specification

PQR Procedure Qualification Record


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Purpose of WPS & PQR

To determine that the Weldment proposedfor construction is capable of having the

required properties for its intended

application


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WPS

A written document that provides direction to

the welder or welding operator for making

production welds in accordance with theCODE requirements. It establishes the

properties of the weldment, not the skill of

the welder.


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PQR

Shall document what occurred during welding

the test coupon and results of testing of the

coupon.

As a minimum, the PQR shall document all the

essential variables and other specific

information for each process used during

welding the test coupon and the results of the

required testing.

V i bl


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Variables

Essential

Non-essential

Supplementary

essential


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Essential Variables

A change in welding condition which will

affect the mechanical properties of the

weldment.e.g.: A) Change in P Number

B) Filler metal

C) ElectrodeD) PWHT, etc.


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Non Essential Variables

A change in welding condition which will

NOT affect the mechanical properties of

the weldment.

e.g. : A) Change in Joint Design

B) Methods of Back gouging

C) Cleaning. etc.

S l t E ti l


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Supplementary Essential

VariablesA change in welding condition which will

affect the Notch-Toughness (Impact)

properties of the weldment.

e.g. : A) Change in Heat input

B) Uphill or Down Vertical welding

C) Diameter of Electrode

D) Position, etc.

P i t t b id d f


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Points to be considered for

establishing WPS

Code of construction

Detailed drawing of

weldment

Material

Thickness

Configuration

Process

Contract/Customer/

Code/TPI

Preheat/Postheat/ PWHTrequirements

Skilled welder

Good welding m/c with

accessories

Application


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CONTENTS

OF

WPS / PQR


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Joints (QW-402)

Joint Design

(V-groove, U-groove, Single-bevel etc.)

Backing

(YES/NO)

Backing Material Type(Metal/Non-fusing Metal/Non-metallic/Others)


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Base Metals (QW-403)

P. Number & Group Number

Specification Type & Grade OR

Chemical Analysis & Mechanical Properties

Thickness RangeGroove : ______ Fillet:______

Pipe Diameter RangeGroove : ______ Fillet :_______


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Thickness Range

Min. Max.

Less than 1.5 T 2T 2t

1.5 to 10, incl. 1.5 2T 2t

Over 10, but less than 19 5 2T 2t

19 to less than 38 5 2T 2t when t < 19

2T when t > 19

38 and over 5 200 2t when t < 19

200 when t > 19

Range of Thickness T of Base Metal,Qualified (mm)Thickness T of Test Coupon,

Welded, (mm)

Maximum Thickness t of Deposited

Weld Metal, Qualified, (mm)


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Filler Metals (QW-404)

AWS Classification

SFA Number

F. Number

A. Number

Size of Filler metal

Flux trade name

Consumable insert

Electrode flux class

Deposited Weld Metal Thickness range

Groove: ______ Fillet:______


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F-Number grouping of electrodes &

welding rods is based essentially on their

usability characteristics to reduce the

number of tests required to qualify

procedures and welders.

F - NUMBERS


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A - NUMBERS

Used to describe the weld deposit chemistry

and is applicable only to the ferrous metalsfor the qualification of a welding procedure.


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Position (QW-405)

Position Of Groove

Position Of Fillet

Weld Progression (UP/DOWN)

Others


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Preheat (QW-406)

Preheat Temperature (min.)

Interpass Temperature (max.)

Preheat Maintenance

Others


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PWHT (QW-407)

Temperature Range

Time Range

Others


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Preheat & PWHT requirement

based on Diameter, Thickness

and Composition ofBase Material


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GAS (QW-408)

Gas Mix % Flow Rate

Shielding

Trailing

Backing


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Electrical Characteristics (QW-409)

Current (AC/DC)

Polarity (EP/EN)

Amps & Volts

W-Electrode type & size

Mode of Metal Transfer (GMAW)

Electrode Wire Feed Speed range

Techniques (QW-410)


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Techniques (QW 410)

Stringer or Weave Bead

Orifice/Gas Cup Size

Initial or Interpass Cleaning

Method of Back Gauging

Oscillation

Contact Tip to Work Distance

Multiple or Single Pass (per side)

Multiple or Single Electrode Electrode Spacing

Peening

Others

BHARAT HEAVY ELECTRICALS LIMITED Form No.TIRUCHIRAPALLI-620014 101-403

WELDING TECHNOLOGY CENTRE

PROCEDURE QUALIFICATION RECORD


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PROCEDURE QUALIFICATION RECORD

Page 1 of 2

Procedure Qualification Record No : Date :

WPS No : Type :Welding Process : (Auto,Semi-Auto,Manual,Machine)

JOINTS (QW-402) BASE METALS (QW-403)Matl. Specn. :

Type or Grade :P. No. :

Thickness :

Size :Groove Design used Others :

FILLER METALS (QW-404) POSITION (QW-405)

AWS No. (Class) : Welding Position :

SFA : Weld Progression :Filler Metal F No. : (Uphill/Downhill)

(Weld Metal Analysis) A No : Others: :

Filler metal size : PREHEAT (QW-406)

Preheat temp. :

Deposited weld Metal thickness : Interpass temp. :Postheat :

Brand : Others :

PWHT (QW-407) GAS (QW-408) Gas Mixture(%) Flow rate

Temperature : Shielding : ----- ------ -----

Time : Trailing : ----- ------ -----

Others : Backing : ----- ------ -----

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (QW-409) TECHNIQUE (QW-410)

Current : Polarity: String/Weave Bead :

Amps : Oscillation :

Volt : Multipass or single pass :

ROL (mm/Electrode) : Multiple or single electrode:

Tungsten Electrode type and size: Travel speed :

Mode of metal Transfer: Others :

Others :

BHEL Page 2 of 2Tiruchirappalli-14 PQR No.:

TENSILE TEST (QW-150)


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Specimen

No.

Width

mm

Thickness

mm

Area

mm

Ultimate

Total Load

kN

Ultimate

Unit Stress

N/mm

Failure

Location

GUIDED BEND TESTS (QW-160)

Type &

Fig No. QW-462.2

Result Type &

Fog No. QW-462.2

Result

TOUGHNESS TEST (QW-170)

Lateral Exp. Drop WeightSpecimen

No

Notch

Location

Notch

Type

CVN2mm

Test

Temp.

C

Impact Values

Kg.m%Shear Mills Break No

Break

FILLET WELD TEST (QW-180)

Result-Satisfactory (Yes/No) :Macro Results (Yes/No) :

Penetration into Parent metal (Yes/No) :

OTHER TESTS

Type of Test :

Result :

Report No. :

Deposit analysis :

Others :

Welders Name: Stamp No.:Test conducted by: BHEL Plant Laboratory Test No. :

We certify that the statements in this record are correct and that the test welds were prepared ,

welded and tested in accordance with the requirements of Sec IX of the ASME code Edition 2004 and

addenda July 2005.

Approved by : Prepared by :

(XXXXXXXX) (XXXXXXXX)XXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX

BHARAT HEAVY ELECTRICALS LIMITED Form No.TIRUCHIRAPPALLI-620014 101 - 401WELDING TECHNOLOGY CENTRE

WELDING PROCEDURE SPECIFICATION


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WELDING PROCEDURE SPECIFICATIONPage 1 of 2

WPS No. : Date : SupportingRev No. : Date : ---- PQR No:Welding Process : Type :

(Auto/Semi-Auto/Manual/Machine)

Application :

JOINTS (QW-402)Joint Design :.Backing (Yes/No) :Backing Material (Type) :Metal/Non fusing metalNon metallic/Others

BASE METAL (QW-403)P.No.: Group No.: TO P.No.: Group No.:Spec. Type & Grade : .Chem. Analysis & Mech. Prop. : .Thickness Range :-Groove : Fillet :Pipe Diameter Range :-Groove : Fillet :Others :

FILLER METALS (QW-404)AWS No.(Class) : Size of filler metal :Specn. No.(SFA) : Flux trade Name :F.No. : Consumable insert :A.No. : Electrode flux class :Deposited weld metal thickness range :-Groove :Fillet :

POSITION (QW-405) PREHEAT (QW-406)Position of Groove : Preheat Temp. (min) :Position of Fillet : Inter pass Temp. (max) :

Weld Progression : Post heat :(Up/Down) Others :


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BM used for procedure qualification coupon Base Metals Qualified

One metal from a P-No. to any metal from the Any metal assigned that P or S No.


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One metal from a P No. to any metal from the

same P-No.

Any metal assigned that P or S No.

One metal from a P-No. to any metal from the

any other P-No.

Any metal assigned the 1st P or S No. to any

metal assigned the 2nd P or S No.

One metal from P-No. 3 to any metal from P-No.

3

Any P or S No. 3 metal to any metal

assigned P or S No. 3 or 1


4


assigned P or S No. 4, 3 or 1

One metal from P-No. 5A to any metal from P-

No. 5A

Any P or S No. 5A metal to any metal

assigned P or S No. 5A, 4, 3 or 1

One metal from P-No. 5A to any metal from P-

No. 4, 3 or 1

Any P or S No. 5A metal to any metal

assigned P or S No. 4, 3 or 1


3 or 1


assigned P or S No. 3 or 1

Any unassigned metal to the same unassigned

metal

The unassigned metal to itself

Any unassigned metal to any P-No. metal The unassigned metal to any metal assigned

to the same P or S No. as the qualified metal

Any unassigned metal to any other unassigned

metal

The first unassigned metal to the second

unassigned metal


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S - Number

They are mostly ASTM specification

materials that have not been adopted within

Section II, Part D but that are referred within

Code Cases and the ASME B31 Code.

e.g. A 588 Gr A S-No. 3

Group No. 1A 576 G10100 S-No. 1

Group No. 1

SFA NO. DESCRIPTION5.01 Filler Metal Procurement Guidelines

5.1 Carbon Steel Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding


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5.2 Carbon and Low Alloy Steel Rods for Oxy Fuel Gas Welding

5.3 Aluminum andAluminum Alloy Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding

5.4 Stainless Steel Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding

5.5 Low Alloy Steel Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding

5.6 Covered Copper and Copper Alloy Arc Welding Electrodes

5.7 Copper and Copper Alloy Bare Welding Rods and Electrodes5.8 Filler Metal for Brazing and Braze Welding

5.9 Bare Stainless Steel Welding Electrodes and Rods

5.10 Bare Aluminum and Aluminum Alloy Welding Electrodes and Rods

5.11 Nickel and Nickel Alloy Welding Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding

5.12 Tungsten and TungstenAlloy Electrodes forArc Welding and Cutting

5.13 Solid Surfacing Welding Rods and Electrodes

5.14 Nickel and Nickel Alloy Bare Welding Electrodes and Rods

5.15 Welding Electrodes and Rods for Cast Iron5.16 Titanium and Titanium Alloy Welding Rods and Electrodes

5.17 Carbon Steel Electrodes and Fluxes for Submerged Arc Welding

5.18 Carbon Steel Filler Metals for Gas Shielded Arc Welding

5.19

5.20 Carbon steel Electrodes for Flux Cored Arc Welding

5.21 Composite Surfacing Welding Rods and Electrodes

5.22 SS Electrodes for FCAW and SS Flux Cored Rods for Gas Tungsten A rc Welding

5.23 Low Alloy Steel Electrodes and Fluxes for Submerged Arc Welding5.24 Zirconium and Zirconium Alloy Welding Electrodes and Rods

5.25 Carbon and LowAlloy Steel Electrodes and Fluxes for Electro-slag Welding

5.26 Carbon and Low Alloy Steel Electrodes for Electro-gas Welding

5.27

5.28 Low Alloy Steel Electrodes and Rods for Gas Shielded Arc Welding

5.29 Low Alloy Steel Electrodes for Flux Cored Arc Welding

5.30 Consumable Inserts

5.31 Fluxes and Brazing and Braze Welding5.32 Welding Shielding Gases

F-Number Description


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F-Number Description

1 CS, LAS and certain SS (EXX2X) electrodes

2 CS titania-coated (EXX12, EXX13, EXX14 & EXX19)electrodes

3 CS cellulose-coated (EXX10 & EXX11) electrodes

4 CS & LAS all position, low hydrogen (EXX15, EXX16,

EXX18 & EXX48) electrodes & martensitic, ferritic &ppt. hardening SS all position (EXX15, EXX16 &

EXX17) electrodes

5 Austenitic and duplex SS all-position (EXX15, EXX16 &

EXX17) electrodes6 Solid, Flux-cored & composite ferrous electrodes & rods

--- ---

F - NUMBERS (QW - 432)


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F-No. ASME Classification AWS Classification

4 SFA-5.4 other than austenitic and duplex EXXX(X)-154 SFA-5.4 other than austenitic and duplex EXXX(X)-16

4 SFA-5.4 other than austenitic and duplex EXXX(X)-17

4 SFA-5.5 E(X)XX15-X



4 SFA-5.5 E(X)XX18M

4 SFA-5.5 E(X)XX18M1

5 SFA-5.4 austenitic and duplex EXXX(X)-155 SFA-5.4 austenitic and duplex EXXX(X)-16

5 SFA-5.4 austenitic and duplex EXXX(X)-17

6 SFA-5.2 All classifications











6 SFA-5.30 INMs-X

6 SFA-5.30 IN5XX

6 SFA-5.30 IN3XX(X)

F-No. ASME Classification AWS Classification

1 SFA-5.1 EXX201 SFA-5.1 EXX22

1 SFA-5.1 EXX24

1 SFA-5.1 EXX27

1 SFA-5.1 EXX28

1 SFA-5.4 EXXX(X)-25

1 SFA-5.4 EXXX(X)-26

1 SFA-5.5 EXX20-X

1 SFA-5.5 EXX27-X

2 SFA-5.1 EXX12

2 SFA-5.1 EXX13

2 SFA-5.1 EXX14

2 SFA-5.1 EXX19


3 SFA-5.1 EXX10

3 SFA-5.1 EXX113 SFA-5.5 E(X)XX10-X


4 SFA-5.1 EXX15

4 SFA-5.1 EXX16

4 SFA-5.1 EXX18

4 SFA-5.1 EXX18M

4 SFA-5.1 EXX48

Steel and Steel Alloys

A-

No.Types of Weld Deposit

Weld Metal Analysis, % [Single values shown are maximum ]

C Cr Mo Ni Mn Si


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C Cr Mo Ni Mn Si

1 Mild Steel 0.20 1.60 1.00

2 Carbon-Molybdenum 0.15 0.50 0.40-0.65 1.60 1.00

3Chrome (0.4% to 2%)-

Molybdenum0.15 0.40-2.00 0.40-0.65 1.60 1.00

4Chrome (2% to 6%)-

Molybdenum0.15 2.00-6.00 0.40-1.50 1.60 2.00

5Chrome (6% to 10.5%)-

Molybdenum0.15 6.00-10.50 0.40-1.50 1.20 2.00

6 Chrome-Martensitic 0.15 11.00-15.00 0.70 2.00 1.00

7 Chrome-Ferritic 0.15 11.00-30.00 1.00 1.00 3.00

8 Chromium-Nickel 0.15 14.50-30.00 4.00 7.50-15.00 2.50 1.00

9 Chromium-Nickel 0.30 19.00-30.00 6.00 15.00-37.00 2.50 1.00

10 Nickel to 4% 0.15 0.55 0.80-4.00 1.70 1.00

11 Manganese-Molybdenum 0.17 0.25-0.75 0.85 1.25-2.25 1.00

12Nickel-Chrome-

Molybdenum

0.15 1.50 0.25-0.80 1.25-2.80 0.75-2.25 1.00

Selection of Filler Metal


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Tube

MaterialP1/Gr1,2 P3/Gr1 P4/Gr1 P5A/Gr1 P5B/Gr2 P8/Gr1,2

P1/Gr1,2

ER80S-G

(RT Mo)

E7018-1

ER80S-G

(RT Mo)

E7018-1

ER80S-G

(RT Mo)

E7018-1

ER80S-G

(RT Mo)

E7018-1

ERNiCr-3

ENiCrFe-3

P3/Gr1

ER80S-G

(RT Mo)E7018-A1

ER80S-G

(RT Mo)E7018-A1

ER80S-G

(RT Mo)E7018-A1

P4/Gr1

ER80S-G

(1Cr Mo)

E8018-B2

ER80S-G

(1Cr Mo)

E8018-B2

ER80S-G

(1Cr Mo)

E8018-B2

ERNiCr-3

ENiCrFe-3

P5A/Gr1ER90S-G(2Cr1Mo)

E9018-B3

ER90S-G(2Cr1Mo)

E9018-B3

ERNiCr-3

ENiCrFe-3

P5B/Gr2ER90S-B9

E9018-B9

ERNiCr-3

ENiCrFe-3

Filler metals suitable for welding joints between


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Base Metal 304L 308 309 309S 310 310S 316,316H 316L 317 321,321H 347,347H,348,348H

304,304H,305 308L 308L 308,309 308,309 308,309, 310 308,309, 310 308,316 308,316 308,316, 317 308 308

304L 308L 308,309 308,309 308,309, 310 308,309, 310 308,316 308L,316L 308,316, 317 308L,347 308L,347

308 308,309 308,309 308,309, 310 308,309, 310 308,316 308,316 308,316, 317 308 308,347

309 309 309,310 309,310 308,316 309,316 309,316 309,347 309,347

309S 309,310 309S,310S 308,316 309S,316L 310,317 309,347 309,347

310 316 310,316 317 308,310 308,310

310S 316 316,317 308,310 308,310

316,316H 316 317 308,316 308,316, 347

316L 316L 316L,347

317 308,317 308,317, 347

321,321H 308L,347

g jdissimilar austenitic stainless steels

Carbon Steel


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Carbon Steel

Diametermm

Thicknessmm

Preheat (min.)Deg. C

PWHT Remarks

ALL

ALL

< 19

< 9

Nil

Nil

Nil

Nil

C < 0.25%

C < 0.30%

BM SPECIFICATION SA210GrA1, SA210GrC

FILLER METAL ER80S-G (0.5Mo), E7018-1

PWHT TEMPERATURE 610+15 deg.C

Low Alloy Steel (0.5Mo)


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Low Alloy Steel (0.5Mo)

Diametermm

Thicknessmm

Preheat (min.)Deg. C

PWHT Remarks

< 127 < 13 Nil Nil -

BM SPECIFICATION SA209T1

FILLER METAL ER80S-G (0.5Mo), E7018-A1


Low Alloy Steel (1Cr,0.5Mo)


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y ( , )

Diameter

mm

Thickness

mm

Preheat (min.)

Deg. C

PWHT Remarks

< 127 < 13 125 Nil -

BM SPECIFICATION SA213T11, SA213T12

FILLER METAL ER80S-G (1Cr,0.5Mo), E8018-B2


Low Alloy Steel (2.25Cr,1Mo)


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o oy Stee ( 5C , o)

Diameter

mm

Thickness

mm

Preheat (min.)

Deg. C

PWHT Remarks

< 102 < 8 150 Nil C < 0.15%Cr < 3.0%


FILLER METAL ER90S-G (2.25Cr,1Mo), E9018-B3


Alloy Steel (9Cr,1Mo,0.25V)


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Alloy Steel (9Cr,1Mo,0.25V)

For all Dia. and Thickness, PWHT is mandatory


FILLER METAL ER90S-B9, E9018-B9


PREHEAT TEMPERATURE 220 deg.C


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Weld Repire

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