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JLPT N3 Vocab List

This is not a cumulative list. (It doesn't contain the vocab needed by JLPT N4 and below).

Kanji

Hiragana

English

Ah!,Oh!

love

greeting,salutation

love,affection

sign,signal

ice cream

to love

companion,partner,company

unfortunately,Sorry, but....

(electric) iron

out

lamplight,light (in general),brightness

room,time to spare,emptiness

obvious,evident,clear

to give up,to abandon

to get tired of,to lose interest in,to have enough

handshake

devil,demon,evil spirit

to dawn,to become daylight

tomorrow

to give into custody,to entrust,to deposit

sweat,perspiration

to give,to present,to award

()

warm,mild

vicinity,nearby

to be hit,to be successful,to be equivalent to

here and there

to handle,to deal with,to treat

gathering,meeting,assembly,collection

to hit,to apply a patch

(1) trace,tracks,mark,sign,(2) remains,ruins,(3) scar

(1) trace,tracks,(2) remains,ruins,(3) scar

hole

to bathe,to bask in the sun,to shower

oil

not very (used as adverb),not much

error

defect,flaw,blemish,weak point

storm,tempest

new,fresh,novel

all,every

to express,to show,to reveal

to show,to indicate,to display

embodiment,materialization

(1) to appear,to come in sight,to become visible,(2) to express oneself

(conj,exp,int) Thank you

to be,to have

a certain...,some...

or,possibly

album

bubble,foam,froth,head on beer

to join together,to be opposite,to face,to unite

helpless,pity,sorrow,grief

plan,suffix meaning draft

memorization,learning by heart

stability,equilibrium

information,guidance,leading

to that extent,to that degree

not very,not much,remainder,rest

stomach

good

good,nice,pleasant,ok

TODO same as ?

committee member

to say

unexpected,surprising

going

going

breath,tone

force,vigor,energy,spirit

living thing,animal

how many?,how old?

how much?,how many?

must not do,bad,wrong,not good

doctor,physician

intention,purpose

will,volition

maintenance,preservation

consciousness,senses

strangeness,abnormality,disorder

chair

spring,fountain

where,which,who

ago,since,before,previous

board,plank

greatness

(sl) to embrace,to hug,to harbour,to entertain

tease,prank,trick,practical joke

expression of gratitude before meals

to receive,to take food or drink (hum)

pain,ache,sore,grief,distress

to come,to arrive

market,fair

place,situation,position,location

moment,time

all at once

(the) market (as a concept)

best,first,number one

sometime,someday,one day

a house,a home,a family,a household

a species,a kind,a variety

a moment,an instant

whole life,a lifetime,all through life

much more,still more,all the more

(1) one object,one body,(2) what on earth?,really?,(3) generally

(1) coincidence,agreement,(2) conformity

(at) any time,always,at all times,never (neg)

general,liberal,universal,ordinary,average

(1) on the other hand,(2) meanwhile,(3) only,simple,in turn

forever,for good,eternally,as long as one likes,indefinitely

always,usually,every time,never (with neg. verb)

removal,migration,movement

cousin (male)

rice-plant

dozing,nodding off

command,decree,life,destiny

violation (of law),transgression,infringement,breach

clothes

living room (western style)

before long,even now

at any time,soon

no,the noes

since,henceforth

(1) request,commission,dispatch,(2) dependence,trust

getting nervous,irritation

welcome

medical care,medical treatment

rock,crag

celebration,festival

to congratulate,to celebrate

so to speak

the so-called,so to speak

ink

printing

impression

retire

quotation,citation

whisky

upper,outer,surface

fish

gargle,rinse mouth

(hon) to visit,to ask,to inquire

to receive,to get,to accept,to take

to move,to shift

rabbit,hare,cony

cattle,cow

to lose,to part with

afterwards,since then,in the future

lie,falsehood,incorrect fact,inappropriate

to doubt,to distrust,to be suspicious of,to suspect

inside

universe,cosmos,space

to attack,to defeat,to destroy

to remove,to transfer,to infect

to sue (a person),to resort to,to appeal to

to groan,to moan

to snatch away

(1) horse,(2) promoted bishop (shogi)

delicious

birth,birth-place

plum,plum-tree,lowest (of a three-tier ranking system)

to betray,to turn traitor to,to double-cross

noisy,loud,fussy

happy,glad,pleasant

to be sold

rumour,report,gossip,common talk

fortune,luck

fortune,luck

operation,motion,driving

motion,exercise

handle,grip

eternity,perpetuity,immortality,permanence

eternity,perpetuity,immortality

influence,effect

business,trade,management

satellite

nutrition,nourishment

smiling face

to draw,to paint,to sketch,to depict,to describe

feed,bait

(n) energy (de: Energie)

to get,to gain,to win

to get,to gain,to win

circle,money

postponement,adjournment

acting,performance

assistance,aid,support

engine

speech,address

musical performance

diffidence,restraint,reserve

honourable

old age,old person,the old,the aged

to overtake,to catch up (with)

king,ruler,sovereign,monarch

to chase,to run after

king

prince

to respond,to satisfy,to accept,to comply with,to apply for

crossing

to finish

very,much,greatly

to cover,to hide,to conceal,to wrap,to disguise

(1) overcoat,(2) over

rich family,distinguished family

hill,height,knoll,rising ground

open sea

interior,inner part

to send,to give to,to award to,to confer on

to occur,to happen

very young,childish

to obtain,to reap,to pay,to supply,to accept

grandfather,male senior-citizen

chattering,talk,idle talk

pollution,contamination

perhaps

to fear,to be afraid of

terrible,dreadful

mutual,reciprocal,each other

calm,gentle,quiet

man

to fall behind,to be inferior to

stomach

ogre,demon,it (i.e., in a game of tag)

band (e.g. conduction, valence)

lunch,noon

office

to be drowned,to indulge in

(fam) you (sing),presence (of a high personage)

Congratulations!,an auspicious occasion!

memories,recollections,reminiscence

mainly,primarily

unintentional,spontaneous

parents

swimming

about,roughly,as a rule,approximately

to exert,to cause,to exercise

to be (animate),to be,to exist

to lower,to let go down

to take down,to launch,to drop

the end

sound,note

favour,obligation,debt of gratitude

warmth

temperature

passable

counter for chapters (of a book)

car

card,curd

meeting,assembly,party,association,club

counter for occurrences

injury,harm,evil influence,damage

member,the membership

picture

foreign,abroad,overseas

account,finance,accountant

settlement,solution,resolution

meeting,assembly

diplomacy

start,commencement,beginning

explanation,interpretation

outing,going out

betterment,improvement

pleasant,agreeable,comfortable

recovery (from illness),improvement,rehabilitation,restoration

to keep,to raise,to feed

to exchange,to interchange,to substitute,to replace

to exchange,to interchange,to substitute,to replace

aroma,fragrance,scent,smell

painter,artist

to hold or carry under or in the arms

price,value,cost

chemistry

to shine,to glitter,to sparkle

official,duty,person in charge

to take (e.g. time, money, etc),to hang

to suffer from

key

to restrict,to limit,to confine

to draw,to paint,to sketch,to depict,to describe

furniture

learning,scholarship,erudition,knowledge

forehead,brow

resolution,resignation,readiness,preparedness

certainty,reliability,soundness

scholar

study,learning

to hide,to conceal

magnification,enlargement

affirmation,confirmation

scholarship,study,learning

to hide,to be hidden,to conceal oneself,to disappear

shade,shadow,other side

shade,shadow,other side

to be lacking

addition and subtraction,allowance for

the past,bygone days,the previous

basket,cage

to surround,to encircle

conflagration,fire

loan,lending

pastry

housework,domestic chores

wise,clever,smart

singer

number,figure

to earn income,to labor

to count

mold,model,style,shape,data-type

shoulder

solid,hard (esp. metal, stone),unpolished writing

persons,this and that,here and there,everywhere

sword,saber,knife,engraving tool

to talk,to tell,to recite

win,victory

value,worth,merit

feel disappointed,be dejected,lose heart

energy,liveliness

term (school)

shape,form,posture,suitability

action,activity

conjugation,practical use

to be sad,to mourn for,to regret

(not) always,(not) necessarily,(not) all,(not) entirely

considerably,fairly,quite

(1) gold,(2) gold general (shogi) (abbr)

rich man

possible,practicable,feasible

share,stock,stump (of tree)

to suffer

to mind,to care about,to be concerned about

patience,endurance,perseverance

(1) first volume,(2) superior quality,(3) governmental

god

thunder

hair (head)

(school) subject,curriculum,course

may,might,perhaps,may be,possibly

(abbr) Tuesday

sky

hilt (of a sword),haft (of a dagger),handgrip

to cut (hair),to mow (grass),to harvest

they (usually male)

river

river,stream

skin,hide,leather,fur,pelt,bark,shell

leather

poor,pitiable,pathetic

lovely,sweet

can,tin

perception,intuition,the sixth sense

thinking,thought,ideas,intention

sense,sensation

audience,spectator(s)

environment,circumstance

welcome,reception

sightseeing

observation,survey

feeling,sense,impression

thanks,gratitude

a patient

calculation,counting,consideration

emotion(s),feeling(s),sentiment

to feel,to sense,to experience

admiration,Well done!

concern,interest

to concern,to be related

(1) complete,completion,(2) perfection,accomplishment

perfection,completeness

being deeply moved,excitement,impression,deep emotion

supervision,control,superintendence

control,management (e.g. of a business)

completion,conclusion

relation,connection,relevance

member of the Diet, congress or parliament

memory,recollection,remembrance

temperature

machine,mechanism

Diet,congress,parliament

period,term

organ,mechanism,facility,engine

enterprise,undertaking

to be effective

humour,temper,mood

climate

bank,coast,shore

birthplace

article,news story,report,account

engineer,technician

reporter

wound,injury,hurt,cut

expectation,anticipation,hope

returning home

precious,valuable

chairman

precisely,accurately

tight,close,intense

to notice,to recognize,to become aware of

to be pleased with,to suit

entry,filling in of forms

commemoration,memory

function,faculty

pitiful,a pity

contribution,donation

hope,wish,aspiration

foundation,basis,standard

settlement,conclusion,regulation,rule

-like,-looking,-looked

strange,queer,curious

duty,obligation,responsibility

question,problem,doubt,guess

reverse,opposite

captain

camp

nine

ex-

class, grade, rank,school class, grade

globe,sphere,ball

holiday,day off,furlough

rest,break,recess,intermission

sudden,precipitous,radical

absorption,suction,attraction

relief,aid,rescue

rapid (e.g. progress)

salary,wages

skillful,handy

text book

game,match,contest

manners

supply,provision

teacher (classroom)

teaching,instruction,professor

emphasis,stress,stressed point

commonness,community

cooperation,association,collaboration,joint

be afraid,dread,dismay,terror

cooperation,collaboration

herculean strength,mountain carrier-guide

permission,approval

court lady,lady in waiting

huge,gigantic,enormous

to hate,to dislike,to loathe

fog,mist

cloth,piece,cut,chop

(1) to cut well,to be sharp,(2) to break (off)

(abbr) kilo-,kilogram,kilometre,10^3

record,minutes,document

argument,discussion,dispute

(1) gold,(2) gold general (shogi) (abbr)

(1) silver,silver coin,silver paint

No Smoking!

amount of money

safe,vault,treasury,provider of funds

prohibition,ban

money,cash

metal

present day

tension,mental strain,nervousness

muscle,sinew

monetary circulation,credit situation

(abbr) Friday

nine

sentence

(male) (vulg) to eat

(by) chance,unexpectedly,suddenly

odour,scent,smell,stench

chain

to rot,to go bad

a habit (often a bad habit),peculiarity

pipe,tube

concrete,tangible,material

(hon) to give,to confer

down-train (going away from Tokyo)

pain,agony

sound asleep,fast asleep

distinction,differentiation,classification

class,group,team,set

association,union

to put together

cloudiness,cloudy weather,shadow

grade,rank,about

living,livelihood,subsistence,circumstances

classic(s)

to live,to get along

(1) glass,(2) grass

gland,grand,(electrical) ground

cream

to repeat,to do something over again

Christmas

to go mad,to get out of order

group

painful,difficult

to suffer,to groan,to be worried

year end,sunset,nightfall,end

troubles,hardships

to append,to sum up,to add (up)

knowing very well,detailed,full,accurate

to join in,to accede to,to increase,to gain in (influence)

native Japanese reading of a Chinese character

army,force,troops

army,troops

practice,training

under,below,beneath

plan

respect,honour

management,administration

plan,project,schedule,scheme,program

condition,state,business (condition)

experience

tendency,trend,inclination

warning,advice

calculation,reckoning

notice,bulletin

criminal case,(police) detective

(fine) art,the arts

contract,compact,agreement

go by the way,via

case

game

injury (to animate object),hurt

drama,play

theatre,playhouse

make-up (cosmetic)

stinginess,miser,miserliness

result,consequence

defect,fault,deficiency

after all,eventually

determination,resolution

absence,non-attendance

decision,determination

faults,defect,weakness

Monday

conclusion

smoke,fumes

ticket,coupon,bond,certificate

prefecture

eaves

quarrel,(drunken) brawl,failure

opinion,point of view

limit,bound

cash,ready money,mercenary,self-interested

language

health,sound,wholesome

inspection (e.g. customs, factory),examination

present,up to now,nowadays,modern times,current

reality

phenomenon

present condition,existing state,status quo

construction,establishment

nowadays,modern times,present-day

construction,architecture

be found,aim,estimate,guess,approx

consideration,examination,investigation,study,scrutiny

actual spot,scene,scene of the crime

constitution

right,privilege

afterwards,since then,in the future

language,word

love,tender passion

thick (as of color, liquid),dense,strong

lover,sweetheart

good luck,fortune

lecture,address

effect,effectiveness,efficacy,result

coin

high price

wonderful,gorgeous,splendor,pomp,extravagance

success,passing (e.g. exam),eligibility

exchange,interchange,reciprocity

aviation,flying

scene,spectacle

sum total,total amount

attack,strike,offensive,criticism,censure

contribution,services

advertisement

company,friendship,association,society,acquaintance

the latter

factory,plant,mill,workshop

organization,composition

high speed,high gear

action,conduct,behaviour,mobilization

robbery,burglary

happiness,blessedness

fairness,impartial,justice

candidacy

consideration,taking into account

to exceed,to cross over,to cross

coach

code,cord,chord

ice,hail

to freeze,to be frozen over,to congeal

goal

misunderstanding

language study

breath,respiration

home town,birthplace,old village,historic village

quite,very

national language

blackboard

subjugation,conquest

national,people,citizen

grain,cereal,corn

here

hip

break-down,failure,accident,out of order

individual,private person,personal,private

to go over (e.g. with audience)

state,country,nation

National Diet,parliament,congress

national or state border

bone fracture

parcel,package

thing,matter,fact,circumstances

to differ,to vary,to disagree

proverb,maxim

to refuse,to decline,to dismiss

flour,meal,powder

this

liking,taste,choice

to like,to prefer

(1) a (photo)copy,(2) blurb on a book jacket

dust,dirt

wheat

I beg your pardon,excuse me

hut,cabin,shed,(animal) pen

these

time,about,toward,approximately (time)

to kill

to fall down,to fall over

now,this time,lately

from now on,hereafter

confusion,congestion

so,like this,in this way

difficulty,distress

today,this day

hello,good day (daytime greeting, id)

computer

engagement,betrothal

disorder,chaos,confusion,mayhem

difference,variation

(1) service,support system,(2) goods or services without charge

on the occasion of,circumstances

highest,supreme,the most

property,fortune,assets

last,final,closing

in the middle of

talent,ability

trial,judgement

ingredients,material

happiness,blessedness

(1) autograph,(2) sign,(3) sine

border,boundary,mental state

to go against,to oppose,to disobey,to defy

helping,serving

work,operation,manufacturing,fatigue duty

last (year),yesterday

work,opus,performance,production

produce (e.g. agricultural),crops

cherry blossom,cherry tree

alcohol,sake

to shout,to cry

(1) to avoid (physical contact ),(2) to ward off,to avert

to be blocked,to choke,to be obstructed

to point,to put up umbrella,to play

seat

(1) to invite,to ask,(2) to tempt,to lure,to induce

(1) token,label,(2) ticket,(3) charm

author,writer,novelist,artist

composition,setting (of music)

roughly,in round numbers

feeling refreshed,feeling relieved,neat,trimmed

well,now,then

desert

discrimination,distinction,differentiation

manners,etiquette,propriety

varied,various

to awaken

to wake,to wake up

(1) left and right,(2) influence,control,domination

plate,dish

furthermore,again,after all,more and more,moreover

to leave,to go away

monkey

uproar,disturbance

participation

reference,consultation

U[

approval,agreement,support,favour

oxygen

walk,stroll

four

family name,lineage,birth

poem,verse of poetry

happiness,good fortune,luck,blessing

jeans

jet aeroplane

immediately,readily,directly

moreover,furthermore,nevertheless,and yet

to scold

equation,formula,ceremony

earnestly,immediately,exactly

time,season,period

payment,allowance

frequently,repeatedly,incessantly,eagerly

stimulus,impetus,incentive

resources

event,affair,incident

instant,time,moment

suicide

fact,truth,reality

expenditure,expenses

circumstances,consideration,conditions,situation,reasons

poet

by oneself,personally

to sink,to feel depressed

nature,spontaneous

thought,idea

tongue

(1) order,precedence,(2) circumstances,(3) immediate(ly)

situation,present state of affairs

to abide (by the rules),to obey,to follow,to accompany

therefore,consequently,in accordance with

preparation

intimate,close (e.g. friend)

seven

quality,nature (of person)

unemployment

experiment

implementation,materialization,realization

practice,performance,execution (e.g. program),realization

practical,actual condition,status quo

enforcement,enact,put into practice,carry out,operation

fixedly,firmly,patiently,quietly

indeed,truly,surely

as a matter of fact,by the way

disappointment,despair

branch store (office)

leadership,guidance,coaching

automatic,self-motion

thing,article,goods,dignity,article (goods),counter for meal courses

rule,control,direction

play,drama

often,again and again,frequently

lawn

payment

to pay

death,mortality

funds,capital

sisters

sisters

to finish,to close,to do something completely

Damn it!

pride,boast

business,office work

to denote,to show,to point out,to indicate

(1) to comprise,to account for,to make up (of),(2) to hold,to occupy

under,below,beneath

frost

well,well then

debt,loan,liabilities

to talk,to chat,to chatter

hindrance,intrusion

week

sandbank

10,ten

gun

surroundings,circumference,environs

harvest,crop,ingathering

week,weekly

religion

importance,stress,serious consideration

finding employment,inauguration

juice,soft drink,deuce

amendment,correction,revision,modification

congestion (e.g. traffic),delay,stagnation

serious,important,grave,weighty

resident,housing

group,mass

concentration,focusing the mind

income,receipts,revenue

citizens,inhabitants,residents,population

important,momentous,essential,principal,major

repairing,mending

doctrine,rule,principle

lodging

surgical operation

Prime Minister

means,way,measure

claim,request,insistence,assertion

graduate from,come from

attendance,presence

departure

publication

capital city

housewife,mistress

chief,main,principal,major

demand,request

variety,kind,type

order,turn

moment,second,instant

favourable,doing well,O.K.,all right

turn (in line),order of things

preparation,arrangements,provision,reserve

use,application,employment,utilization

(1) chapter,section,(2) medal

prize,award

(1) first volume,(2) superior quality,(3) governmental

obstacle,impediment (fault),damage

scholarship

passenger

proceeding to the capital (Tokyo)

state of affairs,situation,circumstances

conditions,terms

noon,mid-day

honesty,integrity,frankness

common sense

daughter,young lady,virgin,maiden,little girl

just a minute,small quantity

symptoms,condition

to produce,to yield,to result from,to arise,to be generated

invitation

condition,situation,circumstances,state

improvement,advance,progress

jest,joke

consent,acceptance,assent,admitting

superiority,first class,very good

collision,conflict

trader,shopkeeper,merchant

recognition,acknowledgement,approval,consent,agreement

boys,juveniles

trade,business,commerce,transaction,occupation

consumption,expenditure

commodity,article of commerce,goods,stock,merchandise

fire fighting,fire department

information,(military) intelligence

proof,verification

queen

employment

occupation,business

meal

dining table

commodity,foodstuff

plant,vegetation

food,foodstuff

appetite (for food)

food

provisions,rations

study

woman,girl

helper,helpmeet,assistant,tutor

slowly,little by little,gradually,steadily,quietly

signature

books

actress

processing,dealing with,treatment,disposition,disposal

documents,official papers

notice

buttocks,bottom

(1) mark,(2) symbol,(3) evidence

castle

going on to university

nerve,sensitivity

seriousness,earnestness

(religious) faith,belief,creed

traffic lights,signal,semaphore

artificial,manmade,human work,human skill,artificiality

serious

medical examination

race (of people)

to believe,to place trust in

(human) life (i.e. conception to death)

relative

fresh

heart

the body

height (of body),stature

discretion,prudence

worry,concern,anxiety,care

refereeing,trial,judgement,umpire,referee

character,personality,person,man,personage,talented man

progress,development

close friend,buddy

confidence,dependence,credit,faith

reliance,trust,confidence

mentality

mankind,humanity

nest,rookery,breeding place,beehive,cobweb

figure (e.g. Fig 1),drawing,picture,illustration

(1) water level,(2) level,standard

recommendation

switch

extremely

sleep

number,figure

numeral,figure

(Western) soup

the end of,powder

figure,shape,appearance

skiing

(1) to open,to become empty,(2) to be less crowded

to rescue from,to help out of

to surpass,to outstrip,to excel

skate(s),skating

terrible,dreadful,terrific,amazing,great

anything of,not one bit

to pass,to spend,to go through,to tide over

muscle,string,line

to advance,to promote,to hasten

to recommend,to advise,to encourage,to offer (wine)

star

style

stand

headache

consecutively,throughout,a lot

lovely,dreamy,beautiful,great

already,too late

that is,namely,i.e.

wonderful,splendid,magnificent

speech

all,the whole,entirely,in general,wholly

to be finished

horn

sorry,excuse me

to change,to be of use,to reach to

thereupon,hereupon

pointed,sharp

height,stature

(logical) true,regular

(1) draft (beer),(2) raw,unprocessed

sex,gender

cause,reason,fault

character,personality

accurate,punctuality,exactness,authenticity,veracity

century,era

claim,demand,application,request

tax,duty

clean

restriction,restraint,limitation

success,hit

production,manufacture

due form,official,formality

mind,soul,heart,spirit,intention

adult

at the most,at best,to the utmost,as much (far) as possible

results,record

manufacture,production

luxury,extravagance

growth,grow to adulthood

system,institution,organization

youth,young man

manufactured goods,finished goods

government,administration

raw food

life,existence

sorting,arrangement,adjustment,regulation

cough

coal

duty,responsibility

oil,petroleum,kerosene

world,society

theory

positive,active,proactive

plan,design

absolute,unconditional,absoluteness

set

equipment,device,facilities,installation

destruction,extinction

economising,saving

certainly,without fail

to condemn,to blame,to criticize

looking after,help,aid,assistance

good,goodness,right,virtue

all,whole,entire,complete,overall,pan

all members (unanimity),all hands,the whole crew

major subject,special study

country-wide,nation-wide,whole country,national

the other day,a few days ago

the former

(1) player (in game),(2) team

advance,drive,progress

(1) wholly,entirely,completely,(2) not at all (with neg. verb)

a center

whole,entirety,whatever (is the matter)

selection,choice

so

elephant

noise

increase,addition

operation,management,processing

cleaning,sweeping

imagination,guess

succession,inheritance

consultation,discussion

equipment,installation,apparatus

suitable,fair,tolerable,proper

speed,velocity,rate

bottom,sole

bottom,sole

so (conj),accordingly,now,then,thereupon

(1) organization,(2) structure,construction,(3) tissue,(4) system

and

to pour (into),to irrigate,to pay,to fill,to feed (e.g. a fire)

to raise (child),to be brought up,to grow (up)

all,altogether,entirely,be just like,the splitting image of

face of the earth

sleeve

to furnish,to provide for,to equip,to install

the,that

eventually,sooner or later,of the previously mentioned

without change,as it is (i.e. now)

side,edge,third person

sofa,couch

crude,rough,plain,humble

it,that

each,every,either,respectively,severally

but (still),and yet,nevertheless,even so,notwithstanding

or,or else

loss,disadvantage

damage,injury,loss

respect,esteem,reverence,honour

existence,being

respect,esteem,regard

rice field

other (esp. places and things)

pair,couple,set

stand,rack,table,support

title,subject,theme,topic

physical education,gymnastics,athletics

temperature (body)

convention,tournament,mass meeting,rally

atmosphere

price,payment,cost,charge

tedium,boredom

stay,sojourn

ambassador

considerable,great,important,significant,a big deal

target,object (of worship, study, etc),subject (of taxation, etc)

cabinet minister

to face,to confront,to oppose

great war,great battle

usually,generally

attitude,manner

president,chief executive

majority,mostly,generally

representative,representation,delegation,type,example,model

most part,greater part,majority

typewriter

awful,dreadful,terrible,very

arrest,apprehension,capture

(1) dyer,(2) diagram,(3) (railway) schedule,(4) diamond

sun,solar

flatness,level,smooth,calm,plain

representation,agency,proxy,deputy,agent

continent

to throw down,to beat,to bring down,to blow down

(hand) towel

mutual,reciprocal

treasure

so,therefore

house,home,husband

however

to ascertain

more or less,somewhat,a little,some

to help,to save,to rescue

free of charge,mere,only

free of charge,mere,sole,only,usual,common

battle,fight,struggle,conflict

to fight,to battle,to combat

to strike,to clap,to dust,to beat

at once,immediately,directly,in person

to stand up

standpoint,position,situation

to pass,to lapse

to reach,to get to

free of charge,mere,sole,only,usual,common

but,because,even,also,too

full,in plenty,ample

length,height

simile,metaphor,allegory

valley

another person,unrelated person,outsider,stranger

(1) seed,(2) material,(3) cause,source

handbreadth,bundle

counter for occurrences

travel,trip,journey

often,repeatedly,frequently

perhaps,probably

ball,sphere,coin

globe,sphere,ball

bullet,shot,shell

even number,couple,man and wife,friend

casually,unexpectedly,accidentally,by chance

intolerable,unbearable,unendurable

to be silent

useless,no good,hopeless

trial,test

to attempt,to test

news,tidings,information,correspondence,letter

to rely on,to have recourse to,to depend on

someone,somebody

step,stair,flight of steps,grade,rank,level

unit,denomination,credit (in school)

word,vocabulary,(usually) single-character word

youth,young man

simplicity

birth

dance

organization,association

(in) charge

mere,simple,sheer

simply,merely,only,solely

earth

(social) position,status

area,region

cheese

team

wisdom,wit,sagacity,sense,intelligence,advice

basement,underground

difference,discrepancy

(phrase) sure,no mistaking it,for certain

lately,recently,nowadays

the earth

district,section,sector

lateness,late coming

prefectural governor

knowledge,information

father

intelligence,brains

horizon

area,locality,district,region,the coast

tea

chance,opportunity

perfectly,properly,exactly

inside,middle,among

annotation,explanatory note

centre,central,center,middle

middle school,junior high school

(1) used,second-hand,old

suspension,stoppage,discontinuance,interruption

parking (e.g. car)

lunch,midday meal

center,core,heart,pivot,emphasis,balance

notice,attention,observation

order,request

long time period

investigation,examination,inquiry,survey

tune,tone,key

top,summit,peak

(1) please do for me (preceded by -te),(2) reception,being given,get

(bank) savings

direct,immediate,personal,firsthand

author,writer

finally,at last

passage through,passing

commuting to school

passage,passing

to run to,to lead to,to communicate,to understand

correspondence,communication,news,signal

to be caught,to be arrested

to seize,to catch,to grasp

tiredness,fatigue

moon,month

association,socializing,fellowship

in succession,one by one

to settle in (place),to take (seat, position),to study (under teacher)

to pour (into),to irrigate,to pay

to attach,to join,to add,to append

earth,soil

sequel,continuation

bundle,package,parcel,bale

(1) service,duty,business,responsibility,task,(2) Buddhist religious services

(1) service,duty,(2) Buddhist religious services

to tie,to fasten,to connect,to transfer (phone call)

always,constantly

wings

in short,in brief,in other words

crime,fault,indiscretion

to pack,to shorten,to work out (details)

to pile up

rainy season,rain during the rainy season

painful,heart-breaking

companion,company

outflow,coming (going) out,graduate (of)

meeting,rendezvous,encounter

to meet by chance,to come across,to happen to encounter

proposal,proposition,suggestion

fixed term

electrical resistance,resistance,opposition

presentation,submission,filing

degree,amount,grade,standard,of the order of (following a number)

bus or tram stop

date,go on a date

enemy,rival

incident,affair,happening,event

to fit,to suit

pertinent,appropriate,adequate,relevance

moderate

applying

to be able to,to be ready,to occur

if at all possible

sleight of hand,conjuring trick,magic,juggling

therefore

iron

philosophy

help,helper,assistant

thoroughness,completeness

railroad

all night,all night vigil,sleepless night

chance of going out,opportunity (to succeed),moment of departure,beginning of work

time,labour

but,however

(abbr) demo,demonstration

type,pattern,archetypal

weather

electron

tent

tradition,convention

nature,spontaneity

counter for occurrences

question,query

party (political)

tower,pagoda

child,servant,foolishness

examination paper,examination script

identity,sameness,similarity

copper coin

at that time,in those days

verb

simultaneous(ly),concurrent,same time,synchronous

by all means,at any cost,no matter what

arrival

morals

voting,poll

identical,equal to,same (kind),like

coworker,colleague,associate

road,highway

10,ten

to let pass,to overlook,to continue

in accordance with ~,following ~,~ Street,~ Avenue

to pass,to pass through

city

(1) time,hour,(2) occasion,moment

to unfasten

poison,toxicant

pride,triumph,prosperity

reading

bachelorhood,single,unmarried,celibate

feature,characteristic

peculiarity,uniqueness,characteristic

independence (e.g. Ind. Day),self-support

to come untied,to come apart

somewhere,anywhere

however,while,even if

by the way,even if,no matter what

mountain-climbing

town,city,municipal,urban

months and years

books

old people,the aged

to close (e.g. book, eyes),to shut

just (now, at the moment, etc.)

plot of land,lot,soil

abruptly,suddenly,unexpectedly,all at once

top

to reach

anyhow,at any rate,anyway,somehow or other,generally speaking,in any case

to skip over,to omit

to jump out,to rush out,to fly out

to fasten,to turn off,to detain

friend,companion,pal

sharing with,participate in

Saturday

tiger

drive,trip by car,driving

(1) truck,(2) (running) track

drama

playing cards (lit: trump)

to take up,to pick up,to disqualify,to confiscate,to deprive

great effort,exertion,endeavour,effort

well,now,let me see,which (of three or more)

dress

to come off,to be taken off,to be removed

mud

1000

ton

unexpected,offensive,What a thing to say!,No way!

what,what kind of

how,how much

tunnel

name,reputation

subject,contents,matter,substance,detail,import

straight,mischief,ordinary,common

relation,relationship

to drain,to float,to shed (blood, tears),to cruise (e.g. taxi)

very,considerably,easily

middle,half,semi,halfway,partly

company,fellow,colleague,associate

scene,view,prospect,outlook

to view,to gaze at

stream,current

to stream,to flow,to run (ink),to be washed away

without

because

riddle,puzzle,enigma

consent,assent,understanding

et cetera,etc.,and the like

seven

what

what

something

nothing

saucepan,pot

(1) draft (beer),(2) raw,unprocessed

to be idle,to neglect

wave

tear

to be worried,to be troubled

to change,to be of use,to reach to

to become

rope,hemp

Why?,What for?

by all means,everything

somehow,anyhow,one way or another

to suit,to match,to become,to be like

odour,scent,smell,stench

poor (at),weak (in),dislike (of)

to grasp,to seize,to mould sushi

sun,sunshine,day

ordinary,regular,everyday,usual

Sunday

sunlight

daytime,broad daylight

smile sweetly,smile,grin

Japan

Japan

hospitalization

entry to school or university,matriculation

entrance,admission,entering

sign of life

human being,man,person

to extract,to omit,to surpass,to draw out,to unplug

to come out,to fall out,to be omitted

cloth

to get wet

value,price,cost,worth,merit

root

value,price,cost

desire,wish,request

to desire,to wish,to request

(1) mouse,rat,(2) dark gray,slate color

price,cost

zeal,enthusiasm

tropics

nuts!,enthusiasm,zeal,mania

year

months and years

whole year,always,everyday

age,era,period,date

age,years

field

being skilled in,nicely,properly

farmer,farm family

agriculture

farmers,peasants

ability,faculty

no

eaves

to leave (behind, over),to bequeath,to save,to reserve

remnant,residue,remaining,left-over

to place on (something),to take on board,to give a ride

to remove,to exclude,to except

wish,desire,(a) hope

to desire,to wish for,to see,to command (a view of)

afterwards,since then,in the future

(1) knock,(2) fungo (baseball)

throat

to lengthen,to stretch,to reach out,to grow (beard)

to stretch,to extend,to make progress,to grow (beard, body height)

to state,to express,to mention

to arise,to ascend,to go up

carefree,at leisure

place,field (physics)

percent

wear,put on (sword)

ash

rainy season,rain during the rainy season

violin

hiking

delivery,distribution

(1) pipe,tube,(2) channels, official or otherwise

actor,actress,player,performer

pilot

grave,tomb

fool,idiot,trivial matter,folly

doctorate,PhD

to measure,to weigh,to survey

to wear,to put on (lower body)

(1) to breathe,(2) to tell (lies),(3) to vomit,to disgorge

clapping hands,applause

enormous,vast

explosion,detonation,eruption

museum

violent,vehement,intense

scissors

(personal) bankruptcy

end (e.g. of street),edge,tip,margin,point

origin,beginning

path,pass (in games)

to unfasten,to remove

passport

flag

skin

naked,nude

field

20 years old,20th year

work,labor

bag,bug

discovery,detection,finding

issue (publications)

departure of a vehicle

to punish,to penalize

development,growth

with a clash (thud),with a bang,plump,flop

development,growth

announcement,publication

invention

to discuss,to talk together

to part,divide,separate

to separate,to set free

to be separated from,to leave,to go away,to be a long way off

counter for birds,counter for rabbits

width,breadth

mother

to omit,to eliminate,to curtail,to economize

scene,setting (e.g. of novel)

abdomen,belly,stomach

field,plain,prairie,tundra,moor,wilderness

needle,hand (e.g. clock)

to stick,to paste

bun,van (caravan),VAN (value-added network)

extent,scope,sphere,range

opposition,resistance

crime

handsome

judgement,decision

offender,criminal

sale,selling,marketing

light

beer

damage

comparison

to run somebody over (with vehicle),to knock someone down

picnic

tragedy

aviation

knee,lap

emergency,extraordinary,unusual

beautiful person (woman)

forehead,brow

be surprised,be amazed,be frightened,astonishment

date,dating

inevitable death,desperation,frantic,inevitable result

exactly,neatly,sharp

(1) to pull,to draw,to stretch,to drag,(2) to pull the ball (baseball)

negation,denial,repudiation

video

single word

crowd of people

equal

alone,unmarried

one by one,each,one at a time

criticism,judgement,comment

criticism,review,commentary

secret,secrecy

delicate,subtle

(1) string,cord,(2) pimp

cost,expense

table (e.g. Tab 1),chart,list

second (60th min)

valuation,estimation,assessment,evaluation

expression,presentation,representation (math)

facial expression

equality (a),impartiality,evenness

fame,reputation,popularity,arrant

surface,outside,face,appearance

to spread (out),to extend,to stretch,to reach to,to get around

thing,article,goods,dignity,article (goods),counter for meal courses

bottle

way,means

pin

un,non,negative prefix

un,non,negative prefix

nothing,naught,nil,zero

dividing,part

anxiety,uneasiness,insecurity,suspense

scenery

married couple,husband and wife

flute,pipe

wrong,bad,improper,unjustifiable,inadvisable

weapon,arms,ordinance

garments

to hold in the mouth,to bear in mind

bag,sack

unhappiness,sorrow,misfortune,disaster,accident,death

tune,tone,knot,knob,point

safety,peace,quietness

mystery,curiosity

discomfort,disability,inconvenience,destitution

wife,Mrs,madam

woman,female

injustice,unfairness

to defend (against),to protect,to prevent

insufficiency,shortage,deficiency,lack,dearth

stage (theatre)

twins,a twin

again,once more,a second time

usually,habitually,ordinarily,always

a means, e.g. of living

to hit,to strike

prices of commodities,prices (in general)

material,substance

physics

writing brush

suddenly,casually,accidentally,incidentally,unexpectedly,unintentionally

ship,boat,watercraft,shipping,vessel,steamship

portion,section,part

complaint,discontent,dissatisfaction

dissatisfaction,displeasure,discontent,complaints,unhappiness

plus

plan

disadvantage,handicap,unfavorable,drawback

(1) to wave,to shake,to swing,(2) to sprinkle,(3) to cast (actor),to allocate (work)

to shiver,to shake,to quake

a brake

to touch,to be touched,to touch on a subject,to feel,to violate (law, copyright, etc.),to perceive,t

bath

professional

dividing,part,segment

sentence

atmosphere (e.g. musical),mood,ambience

analysis

civilization,culture

field,sphere,realm,division,branch

wall,fence

equilibrium,balance,average,mean

peace,harmony

(not) particularly,nothing

to abate,to decrease,to diminish,to shorten

to decrease (in size or number),to diminish,to abate

Belt for western clothes

goblin,ghost,apparition,bugbear

(n) paint (nl: pek)

study,diligence,discount,reduction

change,modification,alteration

bench

box lunch

side

Act (law: the X Act)

pole,rod,stick

risk,venture,adventure

direction,course,way

report,information

gem,jewel

broadcast,broadcasting

abundance,wealth,plenty,bounty

method,manner,way,means,technique

persons,this and that,here and there,everywhere

call,visit

to bark,to bay,to howl,to bellow,to roar,to cry

boy

rowing boat

(1) platform,(2) home

ball,bowl

other (esp. places and things)

other place,the rest

pride

dust

guarantee,security,assurance,pledge,warranty

preservation,conservation,storage,maintenance

degree,extent,bounds,limit

footpath,walkway,sidewalk

Buddha,merciful person,Buddhist image,the dead

bone

flame

cheek (of face)

cheek (of face)

almost,roughly,approximately

to smile

to praise,to admire,to speak well

moat

truth,reality

truth,reality

the person himself

genuine article

absent-minded,block-head,dim,faint,vague

space,room,time,pause

(female) you might say

market

mike

lost (stray) child

to entrust to another,to leave to

curtain,bunting,act (in play)

defeat,loss,losing (a game)

grandchild

by no means

correctly,surely

diligent,serious,honest

to increase,to grow

first (of all),to start with,about,almost,hardly (with neg. verb)

poor,needy

proprietor,manager,barowner,master (e.g. arts, science)

increasingly,more and more

again,and

yet,still,more,besides

(1) town,(2) street,road

mistake

(1) pine tree,(2) highest (of a three-tier ranking system)

deep red,flushed (of face)

straight (ahead),direct,upright

really,truly,entirely,completely

festival,feast

to study (in depth),to learn,to take lessons in

mimicry,imitation,behavior,pretense

to invite

Mama

beans,peas

to protect,to obey,to guard,to abide (by the rules)

circle,full (month),perfection,purity,suffix for ship names

circle,money

round,circular,spherical

quite,entirely,completely

to turn,to revolve

circumference,surroundings,circulation

by some chance,by some possibility,if by any chance,10E4:1 odds

satisfaction

body,main part,oneself,sword

fruit,nut,seed,content,good result

seeing one off,farewell,escort

friend,ally,supporter

splendid,magnificent,beautiful,admirable

miss (mistake, error, failure),Miss

to be full,to rise (tide),to mature,to expire

to recognize,to appreciate,to approve,to admit,to notice

all,everyone,everybody

enquiry,expression of sympathy,expression of concern

present,souvenir

capital

strange,unusual

day after tomorrow

future (life, tense)

charm,fascination,glamour

to see,to watch

milk

nothing,naught,nil,zero

facing,opposite,across the street,other side

meeting,person sent to pick up an arrival

to face

to turn towards,to point

disregard,ignore

cavity,tooth decay,decayed tooth,caries

rather,better,instead

to tie,to bind,to link

futility,uselessness

daze,(in a) trance,ecstasy,delirium,engrossment

breast,chest

free,no charge

sprout

clear up,clarify,define

to order,to command,to appoint

master,expert

order,command,decree,directive,(software) instruction

trouble,bother,annoyance

(sl) meals,food

rarely (with neg. verb),seldom

memorandum

face,mug,surface,facial features,mask,face guard,side or facet,corner,page

cotton,padding

license,permit,licence,certificate

trouble,difficulty,care,attention

member

to apply for,to make an application

apology,excuse

blanket

to burn

purpose,goal,aim,objective,intention

mark,objective,target

Thursday

letter (of alphabet),character

letter (of alphabet),character

if

to raise,to lift up,to flatter

to use,to make use of

of course,certainly,naturally

most,extremely

quite right,plausible,natural,but then,although

(1) origin,original,(2) former

basis

prime

to restore,to put back,to return

to be grounded on,to be based on,to be due to,to originate from

to seek,to request,to demand,to want,to wish for,to search for,to pursue (pleasure),to hunt (a job),

person

sounds

tale,story,legend

things,everything

pattern,figure,design

to receive

phrase,complaint

before long,soon,at length

use,service,role,position

approximately,about,some

meaning,reason,circumstances,can be deduced,situation

part,assigning (allotment of) parts,role,duties

rent

trouble,burden,care,bother

inn,lodging

to employ,to hire

roof

also,as I thought,still,in spite of,absolutely,of course

to tear,to violate,to defeat,to smash,to destroy

to retire

a little,partially,somewhat,a short time,a while

only,sole,unique

courage,bravery,valour,nerve,boldness

validity,availability,effectiveness

superiority,excellence

overall victory,championship

friendship,fellowship

friend

able,capable,efficient,skill

mail,postal service

evening

humor

advantageous,better,profitable,lucrative

floor

pleasant,happy

export

to turn over,to assign,to hand over

abundant,wealthy,plentiful,rich

slowly,at ease

importation,import,introduction

to permit,to allow,to approve

evening,night

dawn,daybreak

way,manner,kind

to get drunk,to become intoxicated

easy,simple,plain

season,weather,cheerfulness

request,demand,requisition

care,precaution,guarding,caution

aspect,state,appearance

in a word,after all,the point is ..,in short ..

element

gist,main point

day of the week

Europe

expectation,assume will happen,forecast

to cross (e.g. arms),to traverse

estimate,budget

to cease,to abolish,to resign,to give up

prediction,estimation

yacht

midnight,dead of night

society,the world,the times

extra,excess,surplus

forecast,prediction

prevention,precaution,protection against

reading

bride,daughter-in-law

surplus,composure,margin,room,time,allowance,scope,rope

twist,ply

according to

(a) joy,(a) delight,rapture,pleasure,gratification,rejoicing,congratulations,felicitations

(hon) good,OK,all right,fine,very well,will do,may,can

well,properly,suitably,best regards,please remember me

four

,for (10 days),next (year)

lighter,rider,writer

comfort,ease

paddle,racket

profits,gains,(political, economic) interest

understanding,comprehension

six (used in legal documents)

clever,shrewd,bright,sharp,wise,intelligent

divorce

ideal

rate,ratio,proportion,percentage

splendid,fine,handsome,elegant,imposing,prominent,legal,legitimate

studying abroad

fashionable,fad,in vogue,prevailing

quantity,amount,volume,portion (of food)

change,money exchange

fee,charge,fare

instance,example,case

expression of gratitude

manners,courtesy,etiquette

calm,composure,coolness,serenity

queue,line,row

train (ordinary)

report,paper

practice

association (of ideas),suggestion

serial,consecutive,continuity,continuing

the aged,old person

manual labor,toil,work

locket,rocket

to argue,to discuss,to debate

controversy,dispute

thesis,essay,treatise,paper

ring,hoop,circle

wine

selfishness,egoism,wilfulness,disobedience,whim

parting,separation,farewell

side

to divide,to separate

on purpose

only,merely,a little,small quantity

cotton,padding

topic,subject

laugh,laughter,smile

to divide,to cut,to break,to halve

abuse,insult,slander,evil speaking

we

bay,gulf,inlet