Verbo To Be

Significados: ser ou estar

Verbo To be

Tempo Presente

Conjugação forma afirmativa – por extenso• I am • You are• He is• She is• It is

• We are• you are• They are

Conjugação – forma contraída

• I’m• You’re• He’s• She’s• It’s• We’re• You’re• They’re

Formando a contração:

• AM --------------------------’M

• IS ---------------------------’S

• ARE ---------------------------’RE

• * retiramos a primeira vogal da palavra do verbo

Forma Afirmativa

• Am – sou, estou

• Is – é, está

• Are – são, estão, é, está, somos, estamos

A M

• AM

• Usado com o pronome “I” - eu

• I am ..........

• I am Vanessa.• I am Marek• I am a student.• I am a doctor.• I am a businessman.• I am from Brazil

I S

• IS

• Usado com os pronomes:

• He – ele• She – ela• It – pronome neutro

• Também usado quando o sujeito da frase é:

• - um substantivo masculino (pessoa)

• - um substantivo feminino (pessoa)

• Um animal, coisa, fenômeno da natureza

Exemplos com IS

• Vanessa is a student.• Marek is interested in sports.• Brazil is a country.• She is from USA.• He is my brother.• It is an e-mail.• The e-mail is from Vanessa.

A R E

• Com o pronome YOU (você)

• É, está

• (vocês)

• São, estão

• Com o pronome WE (nós)

• Somos, estamos

• Com o pronome THEY (eles, elas)

• São, estão

Exemplos com are:

• You are a doctor. Você é um doutor.• We are brothers. Nós somos irmãos.• They are from Brazil. Eles(elas) são do Brasil.• I and you are students. Eu e você somos estudantes.• You and Marek are friends. Você e Marek são amigos.• Marek and Vanessa are in the Shopping Center.• Marek e Vanessa estão no Shopping.• Pen and pencil are objects. Caneta e lápis são objetos.

Forma negativa

• A palavra NOT (que significa não) vai aparecer SEMPRE depois do verbo:

• I am not

• She is not

• You are not

Forma negativa – conjugaçãopor extenso• I am not• You are not• He is not• She is not• It is not

• We are not• You are not• They are not

Forma negativa - contração

• Is not ------------------ isn’t

• Are not ----------------aren’t

• * a letra “O” do NOT desaparece.

• Não existe contração do AM com o NOT

Exemplos:

• I am not a student. (não contrai)• You are not a boy. You aren’t a boy.• He is not a doctor. He isn’t a doctor.• She is not a girl. She isn’t a girl.• It is not an e-mail. It isn’t an e-mail.• We are not from USA. We aren’t from USA.• They are not brothers. They aren’t brothers.

Forma interrogativa

• O verbo fica antes do sujeito:

• I am in Poland.

• Am I in Poland?

Outros exemplos:

AFIRMATIVO

• You are students.• We are interested in films.• Vanessa is my girl.• Marek is a good boy.• Brazil is my country.• My computer is good.• They are on 5th Street.

INTERROGATIVO

• Are you students?• Are we interested in films?• Is Vanessa my girl?• Is Marek a good boy?• Is Brazil my country?• Is my computer good?• Are they on 5th Street?

Verbo to be no tempo passado

• As formas do passado são:

• Was – para as formas AM e IS do presente

• Were – para as forma ARE do presente

Forma de contração

• No afirmativo, não há forma de contração.

• No negativo, somente WASN’T (was + not) e WEREN’T (were + not)

Conjugação

• I was (eu era, fui, estava ...) • You were você/vocês eram, foram, estavam...)• He was (ele foi, era, estava ...)• She was (ela foi, era, estava...)• It was (era, foi, estava...)• We were nós fomos, éramos, estávamos...)• They were (eles foram, eram, estavam...)

Forma interrogativa

• Assim como no afirmativo, na forma interrogativa antecipamos o verbo.

Exemplo: Meg was at home. Meg was not (ou wasn’t) at home. Was Meg at home?