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1.English 2.Modern Greek 3.Greek archaic (uppercase) 4.Greek archaic (lowercase)

1. Perdikas son of Argeo(s) leading his Makestes (Macedonians) when approached to Vedissa (Edessa)

citadel, headed down from upper Illyria, offered sacrifice to uppermost (god) Savaz(i)os. Then when

conquered entire Midas country, being outraged with foreign Greeks who were charged for intrigues,

extincted them immediatelly while released indigenous Briges (Phrygians) to wander away, becauseboth these people spoke different languages. Since then being elder sovereign of Brigea (Phrygia)

enjoyed the profits of this most ancient city renaming it to Aegae while kept repelling fugitives to return

with excemption of captives. Dredas son of Gordios chiseled this marble chronicle in Greek language in

memory of sorrowful remembrance.

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By Prof. Dr. Ahmet Leitani, Beirut University

7/29/2019 Vedisa

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Perdikas son of Argeo(s) leading his Makestes (Macedonians) when approached to Vedissa (Edessa)

citadel, coming down from upper Illyria, offered sacrifice to uppermost (god) Savaz(i)os. Then when

conquered entire Midas country, being outraged with foreign Greeks who were charged for intrigues,

extincted them immediatelly while released indigenous Briges (Phrygians) to wander away, because

both these people spoke different languages. Since then being elder sovereign of Brigea (Phrygia)

enjoyed the profits of this most ancient city renaming it to Aegae while kept repelling fugitives to return

with excemption of captives. Dredas son of Gordios chiseled this marble chronicle in Greek language to

memory of sorrowful remembrance.

Dating the inscription

After extensive study by scholars, the Edessa inscription was dated to early 9th c. BC. This conclusion is

based on type of late Phoenician characters, on using the and double consonants instead of later

"greek" complex consonants and , on fact that the so called Dipylos inscription from 750 BC,

considered as the oldest "Greek" inscription, incorporates some later alphabet features, on peculiar

"Greek" dialect employed in text and mainly on right to left primitive direction of script that preceded

the Voustrofidon writing (alternating right-left writing) and the last introdused left to right directed

modern writing.

Jesuin lik, 50.-70. godina, Edesa